2023年大学英语四级考试试题及参考答案

1998年1月大学英语四级考试试题及参照答案1998年1月大学英语四级考试试题及参照答案PartI?ListeningComprehension?(20minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear10shortconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionwillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.Example:?Youwillhear:Youwillread:A)2hours.B)3hours.C)4hours.D)5hours.Fromtheconversationweknowthatthetwoweretalkingaboutsomeworktheywillstartat9o’clockinthemorningandhavetofinishat2intheafternoon.Therefore,D)“5hours”isthecorrectanswer.Youshouldchoose[D]ontheAnswerSheetandmarkitwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.SampleAnswer[A][B][C][D]1.?A)Themanwantstoattendtomorrow’sshow.B)Therearen’tanyticketsleftfortonight’sshow.C)Therearen’tanyticketsleftfortomorrow’sshow.D)Themandoesn’twanttoattendtomorrow’sshow.2.?A)Detectivestories.B)Storiesaboutjailescapes.C)Lovestories.D)Storiesaboutroyalfamilies.3.?A)Itwasalonglecture,buteasytounderstand.B)Itwasnotaseasyasshehadthought.C)Itwasasdifficultasshehadexpected.D)Itwasinterestingandeasytofollow.4.?A)Toputhimthroughtothedirector.B)Tohaveatalkwiththedirectorabouthiswork.C)Toarrangeanappointmentforhimwiththedirector.D)Togoandseeifthedirectorcanmeethimrightnow.5.?A)Margaretwantedtoreturnsomemagazinestothewoman.B)Margaretwantedtolendsomemagazinestothewoman.C)Margaretwantedtoborrowsomemagazinesfromthewoman.D)Margaretwantedtogetsomemagazinesbackfromthewoman.6.?A)Hedoesn’tcaremuchaboutit.B)Heenjoysitverymuch.C)Hedoesn’tmindeventhoughit’stedious.D)Hehatesworkingovertime.7.?A)Thewomandoesn’tthinkitexcitingtotravelbyair.B)They’llstayathomeduringtheholidays.C)Theyareofferedsomeplaneticketsfortheirholidays.D)They’llbeflyingsomewherefortheirvacation.8.?A)Somethingwentwrongwiththebus.B)Shetooksomebodytohospital.C)Somethingpreventedherfromcatchingthebus.D)Shecameonfootinsteadoftakingabus.9.?A)Doherhomework.B)Cleanthebackyard.C)Washclothes.D)Enjoythebeautifulday.10.?A)Themanislookingforaplacetolivein.B)Themanhasahouseforrent.C)Thewomanisasecretary.D)Thetwospeakersareoldfriends.SectionBCompoundDictationDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Thenlistentothepassageagain.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfromS1toS7withtheexactworksyouhavejustheard.ForblanksnumberedfromS8toS10youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Youcaneitherusetheexactworksyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourownwords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.Veryfewpeoplecangetcollegedegreebefore11,butMichaelwasanexception.Hestartedhighschoolwhenhewas5,finishinjustninemonths.Hebecamethe(S1)___________youngestcollegegraduatewhenhewas10yearsand4monthsold,earningan(S2)_____________degree.Nowat11Michael’sworkingonamaster’sdegreein(S3)___________intelligence.ButMichael’s(S4)___________hasn’talwayscomeeasy.(S5)_________hisintelligence.Hestilllacksimportantlife(S6)________________.Inoneclass,hehadtostruggletounderstand(S7)____________novels,because,hesays,“I’veneverbeeninlovebefore.”Anotherchallengewashissize.(S8)________________________________.Helikescomputerssomuch(S9)________________________________________.Hewantstomakerobotsdoalltheheavytasks.(S10)__________________________.PartII?ReadingComprehension?(35minutes)Direction:?Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B)C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.PassageOneQuestions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Inbringingupchildren,everyparentwatcheseagerlythechild’sacquisition（学会）ofeachnewskill-thefirstspokenwords,thefirstindependentsteps,orthebeginningofreadingandwriting.Itisoftentemptingtohurrythechildbeyondhisnaturallearningrate,butthiscansetupdangerousfeelingsoffailureandstatesofworryinthechild:Thismighthappenatanystage.Ababymightbeforcedtouseatoilettooearly,ayoungchildmightbeencouragedtolearntoreadbeforeheknowsthemeaningofthewordshereads.Ontheotherhand,though,ifachildisleftalonetoomuch,orwithoutanylearningopportunities,heloseshisnaturalenthusiasmforlifeandhisdesiretofindoutnewthingsforhimself.Patentsvarygreatlyintheirdegreeofstrictnesstowardstheirchildren.Somemaybeespeciallystrictinmoneymatters.Othersareseverovertimesofcominghomeatnightorpunctualityformeals.Ingeneral,thecontrolsimposedrepresenttheneedsoftheparentsandthevaluesofthecommunityasmuchasthechild’sownhappiness.Asregardsthedevelopmentofmoralstandardsinthegrowingchild,consistencyisveryimportantinparentalteaching.Toforbidathingonedayandexcuseitthenextisnofoundationformorality（道德）.Also,parentsshouldrealizethat“exampleisbetterthanprecept”.Iftheyarenotsincereanddonotpractisewhattheypreach（说教）,theirchildrenmaygrowconfused,andemotionallyinsecurewhentheygrowoldenoughtothinkforthemselves,andrealizetheyhavebeentosomeextentfooled.Asuddenawarenessofamarkeddifferencebetweentheirparents’principlesandtheirmoralscanbeadangerousdisappointment.11.?Eagerlywatchingthechild’sacquisitionofnewskills_________.?A)shouldbeavoided?B)isuniversalamongparents?C)setsupdangerousstatesofworryinthechild?D)willmakehimloseinterestinlearningnewthings12.?Intheprocessofchildren’slearningnewskillsparents______.A)shouldencouragethemtoreadbeforetheyknowthemeaningofthewordstheyreadB)shouldnotexpecttoomuchofthemC)shouldachieveabalancebetweenpushingthemtoohardandleavingthemontheirownD)shouldcreateasmanylearningopportunitiesaspossible13.?Thesecondparagraphmainlytellsusthat__________.A)parentsshouldbestrictwiththeirchildrenB)parentalcontrolsreflectonlytheneedsoftheparentsandthevaluesofthecommunityC)parentalrestrictionsvary,andarenotalwaysenforcedforthebenefitofthechildrenaloneD)parentsvaryintheirstrictnesstowardstheirchildrenaccordingtothesituation14.?Theword“precept”(Line3,Para.3)probablymeans“_________”.?A)idea?B)punishment?C)behavior?D)instruction15.?Inmoralmatters,parentsshould__________.?A)observetherulesthemselves?B)beawareofthemarkeddifferencebetweenadultsandchildren?C)forbidthingswhichhavenofoundationinmorality?D)consistentlyensurethesecurityoftheirchildrenPassageTwoQuestions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Agoodmodernnewspaperisanextraordinarypieceofreading.Itisremarkablefirstforwhatitcontains:therangeofnewsfromlocalcrimetointernationalpolitics,fromsporttobusinesstofashiontoscience,andtherangeofcommentandspecialfeatures（特写）aswell,fromeditorialpagetofeaturearticlesandinterviewstocriticismofbooks,art,theatreandmusic.Anewspaperisevenmoreremarkableforthewayonereadsit:nevercompletely,neverstraightthrough,butalwaysbyjumpingfromheretothere,inandnotglancingatonepiece,readinganotherarticleallthewaythrough,readingjustafewparagraphsofthenext.Agoodmodernnewspaperoffersvarietytoattractmanydifferentreaders,butfarmorethannayonereaderisinterestedin.Whatbringsthisvarietytogetherinoneplaceisitstopicality（时事性）,itsimmediaterelationtowhatishappeninginyourworldandyourlocalitynow.butimmediacyandthespeedofproductionthatgoeswithitmeanalsothatmuchofwhatpapersinanewspaperhasnomorethantransient（短暂旳）value.Forallthesereasons,notwopeoplereallyreadthesamepaper:whateachpersondoesistoputtogetheroutofthepagesofthatday’spaper,hisownselectionandsequence,hisownnewspaper.Forallthesereasons,readingnewspapersefficiently,whichmeansgettingwhatyouwantfromthemwithoutmissingthingsyouneedbutwithoutwastingtime,demandsskillandself-awarenessasyoumodifyandapplythetechniquesofreading.16.?Amodernnewspaperisremarkableforallthefollowingexceptits_________.?A)widecoverage?B)uniformstyle?C)speedinreportingnews?D)popularity17.?Accordingtothepassage,thereasonwhynotwopeoplereallyreadthe“same”newspaperisthat________.?A)peoplescanforthenewstheyareinterestedin?B)differentpeoplepreferdifferentnewspapers?C)peoplearerarelyinterestedinthesamekindofnews?D)peoplehavedifferentviewsaboutwhatagoodnewspaperis18.?Itcanbeconcludefromthepassagethatnewspaperreaders________.?A)applyreadingtechniquesskillfully?B)jumpfromonenewspapertoanother?C)appreciatethevarietyofanewspaper?D)usuallyreadanewspaperselectively19.?Agoodnewspaperoffers“avariety”toreadersbecause_________.?A)ittriestoservedifferentreaders?B)ithastocoverthingsthathappeninacertainlocality?C)readersaredifficulttoplease?D)readersliketoreaddifferentnewspapers20.?Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe“__________”.?A)TheImportanceofNewspaperTopicality?B)TheCharacteristicsofaGoodNewspaper?C)TheVarietyofaGoodNewspaper?D)SomeSuggestionsonHowtoReadaNewspaperPassageThreeQuestions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Americansocietyisnotnap（午睡）friendly.Infact,saysDavidDinges,asleepspecialistattheUniversityofPennsylvaniaSchoolofMedicine.“There’sevenaprohibitionagainstadmittingweneedsleep.”Nobodywantstobecaughtnappingorfoundasleepatwork.Toquoteproverb:“Some?sleepfivehours,naturerequiresseven,lazinessnineandwickednesseleven.”Wrong.Thewaynottofallasleepatworkistotakenapswhenyouneedthem.“Wehavetototallychangeourattitudetowardnapping”,saysDr.WilliamDementofStanfordUniversity,thegodfatherofsleepresearch.LastyearanationalcommissionledbyDementidentifiedan“Americansleepdebt”whichonemembersaidwasasimportantasthenationaldebt,thecommissionwasconcernedaboutthedangersofsleepiness:peoplecausingindustrialaccidentsorfallingasleepwhiledriving.ThismaybewhywehaveanewsleeppolicyintheWhiteHouse.Accordingtorecentreports,presidentClintonistryingtotakeahalf-hoursnooze（打瞌睡）everyafternoon.About60percentofAmericanadultsnapwhengiventheopportunity.Weseemtohave“amidafternoonquietphase”alsocalled“asecondarysleepgate.”Sleeping15minutestotwohoursintheearlyafternooncanreducestressandmakeusrefreshed.Clearly,wewereborntonap.WeSuperstarsofSnoozedon’tnaptoreplacelostshut-eyeortoprepareforanightshift.Rather,we“snack”onsleep,whenever,whereverandatwhatevertimewefeellikeit.Imyselfhavenappedinbuses,cars,planesandonboats;onfloorsandbeds;andinlibraries,officesandmuseums.21.?ItiscommonlyacceptedinAmericansocietythattoomuchsleepis_______.?A)unreasonable?B)criminal?C)harmful?D)costly22.?TheresearchdonebytheDementcommissionshowsthatAmericans________.?A)don’tliketotakenaps?B)areterriblyworriedabouttheirnationaldebt?C)sleeplessthanisgoodforthem?D)havecausedmanyindustrialandtrafficaccidents23.?Thepurposeofthisarticleisto___________.?A)warnusofthewickednessofnapping?B)explainthedangerofsleepiness?C)discussthesideeffectsofnapping?D)convincethereaderofthenecessityofnapping24.?The“Americansleepdebt”(Line1,Para.3)istheresultof_________.?A)thetraditionalmisconceptiontheAmericanshaveaboutsleep?B)thenewsleeppolicyoftheClintonAdministration?C)therapiddevelopmentofAmericanindustry?D)theAmericans’worryaboutthedangerofsleepiness25.?Thesecondsentenceofthelastparagraphtellsusthatitis__________.?A)preferabletohaveasoundsleepbeforeanightshift?B)goodpracticetoeatsomethinglightbeforewegotobed?C)essentialtomakeupforcostsleep?D)naturaltotakeanapwheneverwefeeltheneedforitPassageFourQuestions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Violinprodigies（神童）,Ilearned,havecomeindistinctwavesfromdistinctregions.Mostofthegreatperformersifthelate19thandearly20thcenturieswerebornandbroughtupinRussiaandEasternEurope.IaskedIsaacStern,oneoftheworld’sgreatestvioliniststhereasonforthisphenomenon.“Itisveryclear,”hetoldme.“TheywereallJews（犹太人）andJewsatthetimewereseverelyoppressedandill-treatedinthatpartoftheworld.Theywerenotallowedintotheprofessionalfields,buttheywereallowedtoachieveexcellenceonaconcertstage.”Asaresult,everyJewishparent’sdreamwastohaveachildinthemusicschoolbecauseitwasapassporttotheWest.Anotherelementintheemergenceofprodigies,Ifound,isasocietythatvaluesexcellenceinacertainfieldtonurture（培育）talent.Nowadays,themostnurturingsocietiesseemtobeintheFarEast.“InJapan,amostcompetitivesociety,withstrongerdisciplinethanours,”saysIsaacStem,childrenarereadytotesttheirlimitseverydayinmanyfields,includingmusic.WhenWesternmusiccametoJapanafterWorldWarII,thatmusicnotonlybecamepartoftheirdailylives,butitbecameadisciplineaswell.TheKoreansandChineseasweknow,arejustashighlymotivatedastheJapanese.That’sagoodthing,becauseevenprodigiesmustworkhard.Nexttohardwork,biologicalinheritanceplaysanimportantroleinthemakingofaprodigy.J.S.Bach,forexample,wasthetopofseveralgenerationsofmusicians,andfourofhissonshadsignificantcareersinmusic.26.?JewishparentsinEasternEuropelongedfortheirchildrentoattendmusicschoolbecause_________.?A)itwouldallowthemaccesstoabetterlifeintheWest?B)Jewishchildrenarebornwithexcellentmusicaltalent?C)theywantedtheirchildrentoenterintotheprofessionalfield?D)itwouldenablethefamilytogetbettertreatmentintheirowncountry27.?Nurturingsocietiesasmentionedinthepassagerefertosocietiesthat,_________.?A)enforcestrongdisciplineonstudentswhowanttoachieveexcellence?B)treasuretalentandprovideopportunitiesforitsfulldevelopment?C)encouragepeopletocompetewitheachother?D)promisetalentedchildrenhighpositions28.?Japanisdescribedinthepassageasacountrythatattachesimportanceto_________.?A)all-rounddevelopment?B)thelearningofWesternmusic?C)stricttrainingofchildren?D)varietyinacademicstudies29.?Whichofthefollowingcontributestotheemergenceofmusicalprodigiesaccordingtothepassage??A)Anaturalgift.?B)Extensiveknowledgeofmusic.?C)Veryearlytraining.?D)Aprejudice-freesociety.30.?Whichofthefollowingtitlesbestsummarisesthemainideaofthepassage??A)JewishContributiontoMusic.?B)TrainingofMusiciansintheWorld?C)MusicandSociety?D)TheMakingofProdigiesPartIII?VocabularyandStructure?(20minutes)Directions:?Thereare30incompletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ChoosetheONEthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.31?Althoughpunctualhimself,theprofessorwasquite________usedlateforhislecture.?A)tohavestudents??B)forstudents’being?C)forstudentstobe??D)tostudents’being32?Youshouldhavebeenmorepatient________thatcustomer;I’msurethatsellinghimthewatchwasapossibility.?A)of??B)with?C)for??D)at33?Neitheroftheyoungmenwhohadappliedforapositionintheuniversity_______.?A)hasbeenaccepted??B)havebeenaccepted?C)wasaccepted??D)wereaccepted34?Thisboxistooheavy,________givemeahand??A)wouldyoumind??B)wouldyouplease?C)willyouliketo??D)willyoupleaseto35?__________heworkshard,Idon’tmindwhenhefinishestheexperiment.?A)Assoonas??B)Aswellas?C)Sofaras??D)Solongas36?Asearlyas1647Ohiomadeadecisionthatfree,tax-supportedschoolsmustbeestablishedineverytown__________50householdsormore.?A)having??B)tohave?C)tohavehad??D)havinghad37?Peopleappreciate__________withhimbecausehehasagoodsenseofhumor.?A)towork??B)tohaveworked?C)working??D)havingworked38?Themanwasputinthesoft-paddedcelllesthe_______himself.?A)injure??B)hadinjured?C)injured??D)wouldinjure39?Welovepeace,yetwearenotthekindofpeopletoyield________anymilitarythreat.?A)up??B)to?C)in??D)at40?Althoughheknewlittleaboutthelargeamountofworkdoneinthefield,hesucceeded__________othermorewell-informedexperimentersfailed.?A)which??B)that?C)what??D)where41?Iftapwaterwereasdangerousassomepeoplethink,________wouldbegettingsick.?A)alotofmoreus?B)morealotofus?C)alotofusmore??D)alotmoreofus42?LivinginthecentralAustraliandeserthasitsproblems._________obtainingwaterisnottheleast.?A)forwhich??B)towhich?C)ofwhich??D)inwhich43?Whichsporthasthemostexpenses_______trainingequipment,players’personalequipmentanduniforms??A)inplaceof??B)intermsof?C)bymeansof??D)bywayof44?Theyaregoingtohavetheserviceman_________anelectricfanintheofficetomorrow.?A)install??B)toinstall?C)tobeinstalled??D)installed45?I’msureheisuptothejob__________hewouldgivehismindtoit.?A)ifonly??B)incase?C)until??D)unless46?Thecar_______halfwayfornoreason.?A)brokeoff??B)brokedown?C)brokeup??D)brokeout47?Thenewcomersfounditimpossibleto______themselvestotheclimatesufficientlytomakepermanenthomesinthenewcountry.?A)suit??B)adapt?C)regulate??D)coordinate48?A__________tothisproblemisexpectedtobefoundbeforelong.?A)result??B)response?C)settlement??D)solution49?Youhavenothingto__________byrefusingtolistentoouradvice.?A)gain??B)grasp?C)seize??D)earn50?Asaresultofcarelesswashingthejacket________toachild’ssize.?A)compressed??B)shrank?C)dropped??D)decreased51?Hehopedthefirmwould_________himtotheParisbranch.?A)exchange??B)transmit?C)transfer??D)remove52?Havingdecidedtorentaflat,we__________contactingalltheaccommodationagenciesinthecity.?A)setabout??B)setdown?C)setout??D)setup53?Therelationshipbetweenemployersandemployeeshasbeenstudied________.?A)originally??B)extremely?C)violently??D)intensively54?__________theirdifferences.Thecoupleweredevelopinganobviousandgenuineaffectionforeachother.?A)Butfor??B)Forall?C)Aboveall??D)Exceptfor55?OnedayI_________anewspaperarticleabouttheretirementofanEnglishprofessoratanearbystatecollege.?A)cameacross??B)cameabout?C)cameafter??D)cameat56?Shewascomplainingthatthedoctorwas________toomuchforthetreatmenthewasgivingher.?A)expending??B)offering?C)costing??D)charging57?Themanagerspokehighlyofsuch_______asloyalty,courageandtruthfulnessshownbyhisemployees.?A)virtues??B)features?C)properties??D)characteristics58?Sincethematterwasextremely_______,wedealtwithitimmediately.?A)tough??B)tense?C)urgent??D)instant59?Youdon’thavetobeinsuchahurry,Iwouldratheryou_______onbusinessfirst.?A)wouldgo??B)willgo?C)went??D)havegone60?WhenItrytounderstand________thatpreventssomanyAmericansfrombeingashappyasonemightexpect,itseemstomethattherearetwocauses.?A)whyitdoes??B)whatitdoes?C)whatitis??D)whyitisPartIV?Cloze?(15minutes)Directions:?Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD)ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.Duringrecentyearswehaveheardmuchabout“race”:howthisracedoescertainthingsandthatracebelievescertainthingsandsoon.Yet,the___61___phenomenonofraceconsistsofafewsurfaceindications.Wejudgeraceusually___62___thecolouringoftheskin:awhiterace,abrownrace,ayellowraceandablackrace.But___63___youweretoremovetheskinyoucouldnot___64___anythingabouttheracetowhichtheindividualbelonged.Thereis___65___inphysicalstructure,thebrainortheinternalorgansto___66___adifference.Therearefourtypesofblood.___67___typesarefoundineveryrace,andnotypeisdistincttoanyrace.Humanbrainsarethe___68___.Noscientistscouldexamineabrainandtellyoutheracetowhichtheindividualbelonged.Brainswill___69___insize,butthisoccurswithineveryrace.___70___doessizehaveanythingtodowithintelligence.Thelargestbrain___71___examinedbelongedtoapersonofweak___72___.Ontheotherhand,someofourmostdistinguished,peoplehavehad___73___brains.Mentaltestswhicharereasonably___74___shownodifferencesinintelligencebetweenraces.Highandlowtestresultsbothcanberecordedbydifferentmembersofanyrace.___75___equaleducational