初中英语语法基础动词过去分词用法归纳讲解与同步练习

最新Word最新Word初中英语语法基础动词过去分词用法归纳讲解（附同步练习）一、动词过去分词的简介动词的过去分词（done）是初中英语语法的一个重点，也是中考要考查的一个考点。动词的过去分词属于非谓语动词的一种形式，在句子中不能单独做谓语，语法上有作为表达被动和完成的意义，词义和词性上又具有形容词和副词的特性，因此过去分词在句子中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语等成分。二、动词过去分词的用法（一）、过去分词作定语：过去分词修饰承受该动作的名词，即与名词是动宾关系。（1）过去分词作定语有两种情况，如果过去分词单个的词，就放在被修饰的词的前面；若为分词短语则放在所修饰的词的后面。TheexcitedchildrenareopeningtheirChristmaspresents.兴奋的孩子们正在打开他们的圣诞礼物。Someofthepeopleinvitedtothepartycan'tcome.有些被邀请参加晚会的人不能来。（2）过去分词用作定语，总的来说，充当前置修饰语的过去分词通常来自及物动词，带有被动意义和完成意义，如：abrokencup一只打破的杯子（被动）—Thecupwasbrokenbymylittlesisteryesterday.therisensun已升起的太阳（完成）—Thesunthathasjustrisen.⑶过去分词作后置定语时，相当于省略了（that/which+从句）结构的定语从句。aretiredworker（=aworkerwhohasretired）一个退休工人注意：做定语用的过去分词通常指已完成的动作：如指未来的情况，则用不定式的被动形式。（二）、过去分词作表语：表示主语的感受或状态。例:Thelibraryisnowclosed.图书馆关门了。（表示状态）注意：过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别:过去分词作表语,主要是表示主语的状态,而被动语态则表示动作.例：Thecupwasbrokenbymylittlesisteryesterday.（是被动语态，表示动作）注意：过去分词表示被动或完成,-ing形式表示主动或进行.有些动词如interest,bore,worry,surprise,frighten等通常用其过去分词形式来修饰人,用-ing形式来修饰物.例：ThebookisinterestingandI'minterestedinit.这本书很有趣，我对它很感兴趣.（三））过去分词作主语补语或宾语补语：（1）用作主语补语或宾语补语的过去分词大都来自及物动词。凡是已经形容词化了的-ed分词，大都可以既作名词修饰语即定语，也可作主语补语或宾语补语。例如：Thedoorremainslocked（主补）Ifoundthedoorlocked（宾补）Ifoundalockeddoor（定语）（2）可引导复合宾语的动词常用的有：find/get/have/want/leave/make/

see/hear/notice/watch/observe/feel/keep/order/wish等。这些词后面的宾语如果与后面的宾语补足语是被动关系，即用过去分词。例如：IfoundmyhousebrokenintoafterIreturned.当我回来时，我发现房子被人破门而入了。Youshouldgetthebikerepairedassoonaspossible.你应该尽快地把自行车给修理一下。Iwanttohavemyhaircut.我想理发。（3）"have+宾语+过去分词"结构的三种不同意义。Wehadtheproblemsolved.我们解决了这个问题（"致使"，一种有意的行为）Shehadherlegbrokeninanaccident.在一次事故中，她摔断了腿。（表示"遭受"，一种无意的行为）Ihavenotanymoneyleft.我没剩下多少钱了。（"有"）过去分词作状语：表示完成或被动关系。过去分词作状语：表示完成或被动关系。过去分词作状语，在意义上相当于一个状语从句。如：（1）United,westand;divided,wefall.如果团结起来，我们就能成功，如果分裂，我们就会失败。(相当于If(When)weareunited,westand;if(when)wearedivided,wefall)(2)Movedbythestory,hedecidedtostudyharder.由于被这个故事感动，他决定更加努力学习。(相当于Becausehewasmoved-.)(五)、“with+宾语+过去分词”结构用法：此结构中,过去分词用作介词with的宾语补足语.这一结构通常在句中作时间,方式,条件,原因等状语.Themancamein,withhishandstiedbehindhisback.一个人进来了,他的双手被绑在背后.(表方式)Withwaterheated,wecanseethesteam.水一被加热,我们就会看到水蒸气.(表条件)Withthemattersettled,weallwenthome.事情得到解决,我们都回家了.(表原因)Shestoodinfrontofhim,withhereyesfixedonhisface.她站在他面前,眼睛注视着他.Theylayonthefloorwiththewindowclosed.他们躺在地板上，窗户紧闭。动词过去分词专项练习：()1.ofplastics,themachinesareeasytocarry.A.TomakeB.HavingmadeC.BeingmadeD.Made()2.thepast,ourlifeisbecomingmuchbetter.A.ComparingwithB.BecomparedwithC.TocomparewithD.Comparedwith()3.Tomwasveryunhappyfortotheparty.A.notbeeninvitedB.nothavinginvitedC.notinvitedD.notbeinginvited()4.intoEnglish,thesentencewasfoundtohaveanentirelydifferentwordorder.A.TranslatingB.TranslatedC.TotranslateD.Havingtranslated()5.in1955,DisneylandinCaliforniaisregardedbymanyasthefunpark.A.OpenedB.HavingopenedC.OpeningD.Beingopened()6.animportantroleinanewmovie,Andyhasachancetobecomefamous.A.OfferB.OfferingC.OfferedD.Tooffer()7.fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees.A.SeenB.SeeingC.HavingseenD.Tosee()8.twice,thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechainedourdog.A.BeingbittenB.BittenC.HavingbittenD.Tobebitten()9.nottomisstheflightat15:20,themanagersetoutfortheairportinahurry.A.RemindingB.RemindedC.ToremindD.Havingreminded()10.therightkindoftraining,theseteenagesoccerplayersmayone最新Word最新Word最新Worddaygrewthenationalstars.A.GivingB.HavinggivenC.TogiveD.Given()11.bytheadvancesintechnology,manyfarmershavesetupwindfarmsontheirland.A.BeingencouragedB.EncouragingC.EncouragedD.Havingencouraged()12.Whenhelp,oneoftensays“Thankyou.”Or“It'skindofyou.”A.offeringB.offeredC.offerD.beoffered()13.inthemountainforaweek,thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice.A.LostB.HavinglostC.HadlostD.Hadbeenlost()14.ontime,themedicinewillbequiteeffective(有效).A.BetakenB.IstakenC.TakenD.Tobetaken()15.bytheguard(门卫)，theboyshowedhispassport(通行证).A.HavingstoppedB.HewasstoppedC.StoppedD.Stopping()16.ofplastics(塑料),themachineisverylight.A.MadeB.IsmadeC.BemadeD.Tobemade()17.bythequestion,thespeakerdidn'tknowwhattosay.A.HavingshockedB.ShockedC.ShockingD.Beshocked()18.bythestory,wecouldn'tholdbackourtears.A.MovedB.WeremovedC.WeweremovedD.Moving()19.Theteachercameintotheclassroom,byhisstudents.A.followedB.followingC.wasfollowedD.isfollowed()20.Mrs.Whiteshowedherstudentssomeoldmapsfromthelibrary.A.toborrowB.tobeborrowedC.borrowedD.borrowing()21.It'soneofthefunniestthingsontheInternetsofarthisyear.A.findingB.beingfoundC.tofindD.found()22.bythebeautyofnature,thegirlfromLondondecidedtospendanothertwodaysonthefarm.A.AttractingB.AttractedC.TobeattractedD.Toattract()23.Whenfirsttothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.A.introducingB.introducedC.introduceD.beingintroduced()24.When,themuseumwi