2023年全国职称英语考试试卷(综合类A级)(试题及答案)

2007年全国职称英语考试试卷〔综合类A级〕〔试题及答案〕第1局部：词汇选项〔第1~15题，每题1分，共15分〕

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线局部确定1个意义最为接近的选项。1.Thenewswillhorrifyeveryone.A.attractB.terrifyC.temptD.excite2.Thearticlesketchedthemajoreventsofthedecade.A.describedB.offeredC.outlinedD.presented3.Iwon'ttoleratethatkindofbehavior.A.bearB.acceptC.admitD.take4.Theirstyleofplayingfootballisutterlydifferent.A.barelyB.scarcelyC.hardlyD.totally5.Hersisterurgedhertoapplyforthejob.A.advisedB.causedC.forcedD.promised6.Evensensiblemendoabsurdthings.A.unusualB.ridiculousC.specialD.typical7.Shebumpedinotherboyfriendintownthismorning.A.walkedB.cameC.fledD.ran8.Thissortofthingisboundtohappen.A.sureB.quickC.fastD.swift9.Attheageof30,Herseysuddenlybecameacelebrity.A.bossB.managerC.starD.dictator10.Hecannotdiscriminatebetweenagoodideaandabadone.A.judgeB.assessC.distinguishD.recognize11.Theyareconcernedforthefateoftheforestandthelndianswhodwellinit.A.liveB.sleepC.hideD.gather12.Theindexisthegovernment'schiefgaugeoffutureeconomicactivity.A.methodB.measureC.wayD.manner13.Thearchitectureisharmoniousandnobuildingisoversix-storeyhigh.A.old-fashionedB.traditionalC.conventionalD.balanced14.Thefoodisinadequatefortenpeople.A.demandedB.qualifiedC.insufficientD.required15.Sheperseveredinherideasdespiteobviousobjectionsraisedbyfriends.A.persistedB.insistedC.resistedD.suggested第2局部：阅读判断〔第16~22题，第题1分，共7分〕

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C.CreatingaWorldwithoutSmokingSmokingwillbebannedinallpubs,clubsandworkplacesfromnextyearaffterhistoricvotesintheCommonslastnight.Afterlast-minuteappealsfromhealthcampaigners,MPsoptedforablanketprohibitionwhichwillstartinsummer2007,endingmonthsofargumengoverwhethersmokersshouldbebarredinpubsandrestaurantsonly.Theyvotedtobansmokinginallpubsandclubsby384to184,asurprisinglylargemajorityof200.Smokingwillstillbeallowedinthehomeandinplacesconsideredtobehomes,suchasprisons,carehomesandhotels.Smokerslightingupinbannedareaswillfaceafixedpenalitynoticeof￡50andspotfinesof￡200willbeintroducedforfailingtodisplayno-smokingsigns,withthepossiblepenalty,iftheissuegoestocourt,increasingto￡1,000.CarplineFlint,thePublicHealthMinister,alsoannouncedthatthefineforfailingtostoppeoplesmokinginbannedareaswouldbeincreasedto￡2,500-morethantentimesthe￡200originallyproposed.TheBillalsoallowstheGovernmenttoincreasetheageforbuyingcigarettes.Ministerswillconsultonraisingitfrom16to18.TheBillnowgoestotheLordsbutwillbethroughbythesummerrecess.EvenaplantoallowsmokingtocontinueinprivateclubswasthrownoutasMPsonallsidesweregivenpermissiontovotewiththeirconscienceratherthanonapartyline.PatriciaHewitt,theHealthSecretary,saidtheHealthBillwouldbansmokingin"virtuallyeveryenclosedpublicplaceandworkplace"inEnglandandsavethousandsoflivesayear.Smoke-freeworkplacesandpublicplaces"willbecomethenorm".Shesaid:"Anadditional600,000peoplewillgiveupsmokingasaresultofthislawandmillionsmorewillbeprotectedfromsecond-handsmoke."PeterHollins,director-generaloftheBritishHeartFoundation,said:"Thevoteisalandmarkvictoryforthepublichealthofthiscountryandwillsavethelivesofmanypeople."16.Abanonsmokinginallpubs,clubsandworkplaceswillbegininsummer2007.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned17.Thelawdoesn'tseemtoapplytoofficials.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned18.Onecanneverthelesssmokeathome.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned19.ThereisapossibilityfortheGovernmenttoraisetheageforbuyingcigarettes.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned20.TheGovernmentwillshutdowncigarettefactoriesinlargenumbers.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned21.TheGovernmentwilldefinitelyimposeamuchheaviertaxontobacco.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned22.TheGovernmentwilltakenecessarymeasurestohelpsmokersgiveupsmoking.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned第3局部：概括大意与完成句子〔第23~30题，每题1分，共8分〕

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：〔1〕第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2~5段每段选择1个最正确标题；〔2〕第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最正确选项。ThingstoKnowabouttheUK1FromBuckinghamPalacetoOxford,theUKisloadedwithwonderfulicons〔标志〕ofpasteras.Butithasalsomodernizedwithconfidence.It'snowbetterknownforvibrant〔充满活力的〕citieswithgreatnightlifeandattraction.Fashions,finedining,clubbing,shopping-theUKisamongtheworld'sbest.2MostpeoplehavestrongpreconceptionsabouttheBritish.Butifyou'reoneofthesepeople,you'dbewisetoabandonthoseideas.Visitanightclubinoneofthebigcities,afootballmatch,oragoodlocalpubandyoumightmorereadilydescribetheEnglishpeopleashumorousandhospitable.It'scertainlytruethatnoothercountryintheworldhasmorebird-watchers,sportssupporters,petownersandgardenersthantheUK.3GettingaroundEnglandisprettyeasy.Budget〔廉价的〕airlineslikeEasyjetandRynnairflydomestically.Trainscandeliveryouveryefficientlyfromonemajorcitytoanother.Longdistanceexpressbusesarecalledcoaches.Wherecoachesandbusesrunonthesameroute,coachesaremoreexpensive〔thoughquicker〕thanbuses.London'sfamousblackcabsareexcellentbutexpensive.Minicabsarecheapercompetitors,withfreelance〔个体的〕drivers.Butusuallyyouneedtogiveacallfirst.London'sundergroundiscalledtheTube.It'sveryconvenientandcangetyoutoalmostanypartofthecity.4TheUKisnotfamousforitsfood.ButyoustillneedtoknowsomeofthetraditionalEnglishfoods.Themostfamousmustbefishandchips.Thefishandchipsaredeepfriedinflour.Englishbreakfastissomethingyouneedtotry.Itisfriedbacon,sausages,friedeggs,blackpudding,friedtomatoes,friedbreadandbakedbeans,withtoastandapotoftea.Otherthingslikeshepherd'spieandYorkshirepuddingarealsowell-knownasapartofEnglishfoodculture.5PubbingandclubbingarethemainformsofEnglishnightlife,especiallyfortheyoung.Pubbingmeansgoingtoapubwithfriends,havingdrinks,andchatting.Clubbingisdifferentfrompubbingandincludesgoingtoapub,oraplaceofmusic,orabar,oranyotherplacestogatherwithfriends.Clubbingcanbefoundeverywhere.Usuallythereissomekindofdresscodeforclubbing,suchasnojeans,nosportswear,orsmartclubwear,whilepubbingismuchmorecasual.23.Paragraph2.

24.Paragraph3.

25.Paragraph4.

26.Paragraph5.

AEducation

BPeople

CTransport

DDrinks

EFood

FNightlife27.TheUKisacountrythatis.

28.TheBritishpeopleare.

29.CoachesintheUKare.

30.Fishandchipsare.

Afasterbutmoreexpensivethanbuses

Bbothancientandmodern

Chumorousandhospitable

Dcheapandefficient

Etraditionalandfamous

Fcleverandhardworking第4局部：阅读理解〔第31~45题，每题3分，共45分〕

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最正确选项。第一篇TryingtoFindaPartherOneofthemoststrikingfindingsofarecentpollintheUKisthatofthepeopleinbterviewed,oneintwobelievesthatitisbecomingmoredifficulttomeetsomeonetostartafamilywith.Whyaremanyfindingitincreasinglydifficulttostartandsustainintimaterelationships?Doesmodernlifereallymakeithardertofallinlove?Orarewemakingitharderforourselves?Itiscertainlythecasetodaythatcontemporarycouplesbenefitindifferentwaysfromrelationships.Womennolongerrelyuponpartnersforeconomicsecurityorstatus.Amandoesn'texpecthisspousetobeinsolechargeofrunninghishouseholdandraisinghischildren.Butperhapstheknowledgethatwecanliveperfectlywellwithoutapartnershipmeansthatittakesmuchmoretopersuadepeopletoabandontheirindependence.Intheory,findingapartnershouldbemuchsimplerthesedays.Onlyafewgenerationsago,yourchoiceofsoulmate〔心上人〕wasconstrainedbygeography,socialconventionandfamilytradition.Althoughitwasneverexplicit,manymarriageswereessentiallyarranged.Nowthosebarriershavebeenbrokendown.Youcanapproachabuilderorabrainsurgeoninanybarinanycityonanygivenevening.Whentheworldisyouroyster〔牡蛎〕,yousurelyhaveabetterchanceoffindingapearl.Butitseemsthattheoldconventionshavebeenreplacedbyaneventighterconstraint:thetyrannyofchoice.Theexpectationsofpartnersareinflatedtoanunmanageabledegree:goodlooks,impressivesalary,kindtograndmother,andrightsocks.Thereisnoroomforerrorinthefirstimpression.Wethinkthatarelationshipcanbeperfect.Ifitisn't,itisdisposable.Weworktoprotectourselvesagainstfutureheartacheanddon'tputinthehardemotionallaborneededtobuildastrongrelationship.Ofcourse,thisiscomplicatedbyrealities.Thecostofhousingandchild-rearingcreatespressuretohaveastableincomeandcareerbeforealifepartnership.31.Whatdoestherecentpollshow?

A.Itisgettingmoredifficultforawomantofindherhusband.

B.Itisgettingincreasinglydifficulttostartafamilyl.

C.Itisgettingmoredifficultforamantofindhiswife.

D.Itisgettingincreasinglydifficulttodevelopanintimaterelationshipwithyourspouse.32.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutacontemporarymarriedcouple?

A.Thewifedoesn'thavetoraisethechildrenallbyherself.

B.Thehusbanddoesn'thavetosupportthefamilyallbyhimself.

C.Thewifeisnolongertheonlypersontomanagethehousehold.

D.Theywillreceivealargesumofmoneyfromthegovemment.33.WhichofthefollowingwasNOTaconstraintonone'schoiceofsoulmateintheolddays?

A.Thehealthconditionofhisorhergrandmother.

B.Thegeographicalenvironment.

C.Thesocialconvention.

D.Thefamilytradition.34.WhichofthefollowingisNOTexpectedofapartneraccordingtothispassage?

A.Goodlooks.

B.Animpressivecareer.

C.Ahighsalary.

D.Afinesenseofhumor.35.Theword"sustain"〔paragraph2〕couldbebestreplacedby

A."reduce".

B."shake".

C."maintain".

D."weaken".第二篇Milosevic'sDeathFormerYugoslavleaderSlobodanMilosevicwasfounddeadlastSaturdayinhiscellattheHague-basedInternationalCriminalTribunalfortheformerYugoslavia.The64-year-oldhadbeenontrialtheresinceFebruary2002.BorninprovincialPozarevacin1941,hewasthesecondsonofapriestandaschoolteacher.Bothofhisparentsdiedwhenhewasstillayoungadult.TheyoungMilosevicwas"untypical",saysSlavoljubDjukic,hisunofficialbiographer.Hewas"notinterestedinsports,avoidedexcursions〔短途旅行〕andusedtocometoschooldressedintheold-fashionedway-whiteshirtandtie."Oneofhisoldfriendssaid,hecould"imaginehimasastation-masterorpunctilious〔一丝不苟的〕civilservant."Indeedthatisexactlywhathemighthavebecome,hadhenotmarriedMira.Shewaswidelybelievedtobehisdrivingforce.Atuniversityandbeyondhedidwell.Heworkedforvariousfirmsandwasacommunistpartymember.By1986hewasheadofSerbia'sCentralCommittee.Butstillhehadnotyetreallybeennoticed.ItwasKosovothatgavehimhischance.AnautonomousprovinceofSerbia,KosovowashometoanAlbanianmajorityandaSerbianminority.In1989,hewassenttheretocalmfearsofSerbianswhofelttheywerediscriminatedagainst.Butinsteadheplayedthenationalistcardandbecametheirchampion.Insodoing,hechangedintoaruthless〔无情的〕anddeterminedman.AthomewithMiraheplottedthedownfallofhispoliticalenemies.Conspiring〔密谋〕withthedirectorofSerbianTV,hemountedamodernmediacampaignwhichaimedtogethimthemostpowerinthecountry.HewaselectedSerbianpresidentin1990.In1997,hebecamepresidentofYugoslavia.Therestofthestoryiswell-known:hisnationalistcardcausedYugoslavia'sotherethnicgroupstofightfortheirownrights,powerandlands.Yugoslaviabrokeupwhenfourofthesixrepublicsdeclaredindependencein1991.Warstartedandlastedforyearsandmillionsdied.ThenWesterncountriesintervened.NATObombedYugoslavia,andheeventuallysteppeddownasstateleaderin2000.Soonafterthis,Serbia'snewgovernment,ledbyZoranDjindjic,arrestedhimandsenthimtofacejusticeattheYugoslavwarcrimestribunalintheHague.36.WheredidMilosevicdie?

A.Inabasement.

B.Inaprison.

C.InKosovo.

D.Inhisowncountry.37.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueoftheyoungMilosevic?

A.Hedressedinaprettyold-fashionedway.

B.Hewasnotinterestedinsports.

C.Heoftenavoidedexcursions.

D.Hewasextremelyambitious.38.Allofthefollowingpersonschangedhisfateinonewayoranotherexcept

A.Mira.

B.hisparents.

C.ZoranDjindjic.

D.theDirectorofSerbianTV.39.WhywasMilosevicsenttoKosovoin1989?

A.Tohandleeconomicissues.

B.TodrivetheAlbaniansbacktotheirowncountry.

C.ToremovetheSerbians'fearsofbeingdiscriminatedagainst.

D.Tolaunchanattackagainsthispoliticalenemies.40.Whathappenedin1991?

A.Yugoslaviabrokeup.

B.Westerncountriesintervened.

C.NATObombedYugoslavia.

D.Milosevicwasarrested.第三篇TheWorldCupThissummer'sWorldCupcompetitionwillseeteamscompetingtoplaytheworld'sbestfootball.Butthefootballtheyplaywillnotallbeofthesamekind.ThefansexpectdifferentstylesofplayfromBrazil,Germany,orItaly.WhatmakesBrazilianfootballBrazilian?OurstyleofplayingfootballcontrastswiththeEuropeansbecauseofacombinationofqualitiesofsurprise,accuracyandgoodjudgment.ThisstylehaswonBrazilfiveworldcups.YetmanyBrazilianfansonlycountfourofthesevictories.In1994,theteamabandonedthisstyleformodern,scientifictrainingandtactics.Theteamwonthecup,butinaboringway.Theltaliansthinkdifferently."Tomanyltalians,thescore0-0hasagloriousquality,suggestingperfection,"saystheBritishfootballwriterSimonKuper.Intheltalianculture,theideaoffaceisveryimportant.Thisiswhyltalianteamsaretraditionallybuiltaroundstrongdefences.TheDutchfootballerJohanCruyffoncesaidthatltalianteamsneverexactlybeatyou.It'sjustthatyouoftenlosetothem.InHolland,thereisatraditionofdecisionmakingthroughargumentanddiscussion.Itisasocietywhereeverybodyisexpectedtohaveapointofview."EveryDutchplayerwantstocontrolthegame,"saysArnoldMuhren."Youplayfootballwithyourbrainsandnotyourfeet.""ADutchplayerargues,"saysSimonKuper."AnEnglishplayerobeyshissuperior.Heisasoldier."ThequalitiesvaluedinEnglishfootballaremilitary-strength,aggressionandcourage.Thiscanmakeforexcitingfootball.ButitalsomeansthattheEnglishfinditdifficulttouseskillfulplayers.DavidBeckhamisusuallycriticizedforhisfailuretodefend-despitethefactthatheisanattacker.IftheEnglishliketofight,theGermansliketowin.Inrecentyears,Germanyhastriedtochangeitsimageasacountryofruthlessefficiencyandadesireforvictoryatallcosts.ButGermansarequitehappyforthesequalitiestoremainintheirnationalfootballteam."Footballisasimplegame,"GaryLinekeroncesaid."YoukickaballaboutforninetyminutesandintheendtheGermanswin."It'sdifficulttopredictwhowillwinthisyear'sWorldCup.Thereisnostrongfavorite.Butalookatthetrackrecordofpreviouswinnersshowsthatitisthenationswiththestrongestnationalcharacteristicsinthefootballthatperformbest.Itseemsthatyouneedtoknowwhereyoucomefromifyouwanttogettothetop.41.WhichofthefollowingisNOTacharacteristicoftheBrazilianstyleofplayingfootball?

A.Accuracy.

B.Surprise.

C.Goodjudgment.

D.Ruthlessefficiency.42.Whydomanylialiansthinkthatthescore0-0hasagloriousquality?

A.Becauseitmakesnooneloseface.

B.Becausetheltalianteamisnotverystrong.

C.Becauseltaliansarenicepeople.

D.Becausethatscoreiswhattheirteamcouldobtain.43.WhatisoneexpectedtodoinHolland?

A.Toplayfootball.

B.Toexpresshisorheropinionfreely.

C.Tomakeafussaboutnothing.

D.Tobeathisorheropponentsruthlessly.44.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueoftheBritishfootballplayers?

A.Theyareaggressive.

B.Theyarecourageous.

C.Theyplayfootballforfriendship.

D.Theyobeytheirsuperiors.45.Whowillwinthisyear'sWorldCup?

A.TheBrazilianteam.

B.Theltalianteam.

C.TheGermanTeam.

D.Itisunpredictable.第5局部：补全短文〔第46~50题，每题2分，共10分〕

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。AmericanDreamsThereisacommonresponsetoAmericaamongforeignwriters:theUSisalandofextremeswherethebestofthingsqrejustaseasilyfoundastheworst.Thisisacliche〔陈词滥调〕.Inthelandofblackandwhite,peopleshouldnotbetoosurprisedtofindsomeofthebiggestgapsbetweentherichandthepoorintheworld.ButtheAmericanDreamoffersawayouttoeveryone.〔46〕Noclasssystemorgovemmentstandsintheway.Sadly,thisoldargumentisnolongertrue.OverthepastfewdecadestherehasbeenafundamentalshiftinthestructureoftheAmericaneconomy.Thegapbetweentherichandthepoorhaswidenedandwidened.〔47〕Overthepast25yearsthemedianUSfamilyincomehasgoneup18percent.Forthetop1percent,however,ithasgoneup200percent.Twenty-fiveyearsagothetopfifthofAmericanshadanaverageincome6.7timesthatofthebottomfifth.〔48〕Inequalitieshavegrownworseindifferentregions.InCalifornia,incomesforlowerclassfamilieshavefallenby4percentsince1969.〔49〕ThishasledtoaneconomyhugelyinfavorofasmallgroupofveryrichAmericans.Thewealthiest1percentofhouseholdsnowcontrolathirdofthenationalwealth.Therearenow37millionAmericanslivinginpoverty.At12.7percentofthepopulation,itisthehighestpercentageinthedevelopedworld.YetthetaxburdenonAmerica'srichisfalling,notgrowing.〔50〕Therewasaneconomictheoryholdingthattherichspendingmorewouldbenefiteveryoneasawhole.Butclearlythattheoryhasnotworkedinreality.ANobodyispoorintheUS.

BThetop0.01percentofhouseholdshasseenitstaxbitefallbyafull25percentagepointssince1980.

CForupperclassfamiliestheyhaverisen41percent.

DNowitis9.8times.

EAsitdoesso,thepossibilitytocrossthatgapgetssmallerandsmaller.

FAllonehastodoistoworkhardandclimbtheladdertowardsthetop.第6局部：完形填空〔第51~65题，每题1分，共15分〕

下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最正确选项。SendingE-mailstoProfessorsOnestudentskippedclassandthensenttheprofessorane-mail〔51〕forcopiesofherteachingnotesaMondayclassbecauseshewasrecoveringfromdrinkingtoomuchatawildweekendparty.AtcollegesanduniversitiesintheUS,e-mailhasmadeprofessorsmoreapproachable〔平易近人〕.Butmanysayithasmadethemtooaccessible,〔53〕boundariesthattraditionallykeptstudentsatahealthydistance.Thesedays,professorssay,studentsseemtoviewthemasavailable〔54〕theclock,sendingasteadystreamofinfo