双-大三下实用翻译lecture

BusinessTranslation商贸翻译Lecture11商贸英语概述专门用途英语（EnglishforSpecificPurposes)的一个分支。商贸活动的许多领域，如，技术引进、对外贸易、招商引资、对外劳务承包与合同、国际金融、涉外保险、国际旅游、海外投资、国际运输等，所使用的英语统称为商贸英语（BusinessEnglish）。它已成为世界经济活动中必不可少的语言交际工具。可以说商贸英语控制着国际交流，国际交流离不开商贸英语。据统计，全世界16亿以英语为第一语言、第二语言或外语的人群中几乎90%的人每天都在与商贸英语打交道，可见商贸英语的应用十分广泛。一、语言特点商贸英语用词简单、淡于修饰恕不讲价—oneprice(fixedprice)年终大甩卖–year-endsale一条龙服务–door-to-doorservice货物出门，概不退换—allsalesarefinal7折大减价–30%discount亲临洽谈业务–face-to-facediscussion一、语言特点表达方式固定（约定俗成）押“金”—deposit保证“金”–guarantee定“金”–downpayment佣“金”–commission周转“金”–revolvingfund奖“金”--bonus一、语言特点表达方式多样化最新报价–therecentquotations最新产品–thenewestproducts最新花色–up-to-datepatterns最新消息–thelatestnews最新设备–themostadvancedequipment一、语言特点句子宜短我公司坚持“以质量和信誉取胜”的方针，实行平等互利的政策，参考国际习惯作法，重合同、守信用，积极发展与世界各地厂商的贸易往来。Basedontheprincipleof“WinningSuccesswithQualityandPromise”,basedonthepolicyofequalityandmutualbenefit,ourcompanywantstodeveloptradewithtradersallovertheworldbyadheringtocontractualconditionsandkeepingpromisesaccordingtointernationalpractice.(1)“Thequalityandprestigefirst”isourprinciple.(2)Equalityandmutualbenefitisourpolicy.(3)Weaimtodevelopbusinesswithtradersallovertheworld.(4)Wecomplywithcontractsandkeeppromisesaccordingtointernationalpractice.一、语言特点英语表达用词注意轻重，承诺留有余地，数字例外我们保证决不重犯这种错误。Weassure

youthatthiserrorwillneveroccuragain.Wewilldoallwecantopreventarepetitionofthiserror.我方确定所交货物质量与样品相同。Weconfirmthatthegoodssentareequalinqualitytothesample.Weconfirmthatthegoodssentaresimilarinqualitytothesample.原文普通英语表达法商贸英语表达法一周之内InaweekInoneweekorless3月10日前BeforeMarch10OnorbeforeMarch10八月上旬InearlyAugustWithinthefirst10daysofAugust六月中旬InmiddleAugustWithinthesecond10daysofAugust自11月1日起FromNovember1From&includingNovember1一、语言特点英语措辞礼貌、婉转，忌盛气凌人货已备妥，等待装运，请批示Thegoodsarenearlyreadyfordispatchandweshouldbegladtohaveyourinstruction.由于原材料成本涨价，我们须提价3%。Duetotherisingcostofrawmaterialswemustraiseourpriceby3%.Duetotherisingcostofrawmaterialswehavetoraiseourpriceby3%.Duetotherisingcostofrawmaterialswearereluctantlycompelledtoraiseourpriceby3%.一、语言特点慎用被动句很遗憾地告知，贵厂生产的发动机很难启动。Wearesorrytoreportthatwehavegreatdifficultyingettingyourenginetostart.我方保留要求赔偿损坏的权利。Wereservetherighttoclaimcompensationfromyouforanydamage.二、商标翻译pronunciation茅台(Maotai,Moutai)Hilton希尔顿东风(Dongfeng)Omega欧米茄上菱(Shangling)Simens西门子中意(Zhongyi)Kodakpronunciationwithgoodmeaning乐凯(Lucky)中国胶卷品牌STONE北京斯通NATIONAL松下Panasonicmeaning皇朝Royal永久Forever飞鸽FlyingPigeonspecialnames李宁LiNing上海Shanghai长城Sinopecnumbers7UP七喜（七起）999SanjiuMedicalandPharmaceuticalCo,.Ltdnotacceptablemeanings鹅goose(foolish)船junkflat-bottomedChinesesailing-ship中国帆船.荷花Lotus（希腊神话中的）落柘枣（食後产生懒怠与梦幻的满足感）.仙鹤，孔雀crane,peacock(喜欢招摇）三、商品品名翻译联系商品特性福建蜜橘–FujianTangerine广东蜜橘–CantonMandarinOrange黄岩蜜橘–HuangyanSweetOrange药棉Absorbentpowder(英汉综合词典，P1019)Cottonwool(汉英英汉实用外贸辞典，P56)Absorbentcotton（最新实用汉英词典，P956)三、商品品名翻译品名与商品名对应皮褥子Furplates(常见外贸商品品名及用语手册，65）Skinplates（汉英中国出口商品词典，235）Furpatches风衣Raincoats（汉英英汉实用外经外贸辞典，590）Windbreaker（汉英科技词汇大全，302）三、商品品名翻译用词贴切精制年糕RefinedricecakeGlutinousricecakeNewyearcakeSpringfestivalcake(汉英大词典，1840）Qualityglutinousricecake黄酒YellowwineHuangchiewShaoXingwineYellowriceormilletwine(汉英词典，295）Shaoxingricewine翻译中国特有的商品品名时，译者应主要参考商贸专业汉英词典。作为出口的许多中国商品，经过商贸专业人员多年的共同努力，基本上都有了固定的英语译名。这些英语译名在国际上流通已久，译者若随便翻译，必然导致物名分家。我们不可能从国际商贸英语中轻易找到这些中国特有商品的译名，唯一的途径就是查找中国外贸领域约定俗成的译法。四、商贸汉英翻译根据商贸英语和商贸汉语的特点，我们在此提出，商贸汉英翻译宜遵守如下原则：忠实(faithfulness)、准确(exactness)、统一(consistency)。商贸翻译中的“忠实”是指正确地将原文语言的信息用译文语言表达出来。这个“忠实”不苛求语法与句子结构的一致，却要求信息内涵上的相等。商贸汉英翻译的“准确

”原则是指译者在将原文语言内容转换到译文语言内容的过程中选词准确，做到概念表达确切，物与名所指正确，数码与单位精确。原文与译文术语概念上的准确传递，而并不要求表面用词和结构的对应。要做到翻译的“准确”，译者就应扎实地学习汉英语言知识和商贸专业知识。商贸汉英翻译的“统一”原则，就是汉英翻译过程中译名、概念、术语在任何时候都应保持统一，不允许将同一概念或术语随意变换译名。e.g.相对优势——comparativeadvantagetheory（商贸通用术语）v.srelativeadvantagetheory（自编）原产地——placeoforigin（商贸通用术语）v.soriginalproducingplace（自编）商贸翻译问题E.g.1该机是市场紧俏产品，既是音响又是精美的高档家具。Thisproductisdeeplyewhenitenteredmarketisnotonlyesoundbutalsohigh-gradefurniture.Theproducthasbeendeeplyedsinceitenteredthemarket,notonlyasanexquisitesounder,butalsoapieceofhigh-gradefurniture.Languageabilitye.g.2本公司同仁竭诚为各界服务。Thewholecolleaguesofourcorporationwillwholeheartedlyserveforvariouscircles.Ourcorporationwillprovidethoroughservices.Languageabilitye.g.3武汉市房地产公司系经武汉市政府批准成立。ApprovingbyWuhanmunicipalgovernment,WuhanRealEstateDevelopmentCorporationcameintobeing.ApprovedbyWuhanmunicipalgovernment,WuhanRealEstateDevelopmentCorporationwassetup.Dictione.g.4外向型经济Foreign-orientedeconomyExternal-economyForeigneconomyExport-orientedeconomyoutward-lookingeconomy独资企业whollyforeign-ownedenterpriseExclusive-investmententerpriseForeign-investedenertpriseForeigndirectinvestmententerpriseSoly-ownedenterpriseForeign-fundedenterpriseDifferentexpression，samemeaninge.g.5建筑设备和机械按临时进口条件运入订货方国家。Buildingequipmentandmechanicalfacilitieswillbetransportedintotheorderingcountryundertheconditionoftemporaryimportation.ConstructionalequipmentandmachinesareimportedtotheCustomer’scountryonare-exportationbasis.Nfessional

e.g.6上述合同由于双方的良好配合，得以顺利执行，双方甚为满意，贵方要求继续合作，我方表示欢迎。Becauseofbothparties’goodcooperation,theabove-mentionedcontracthasbeencarriedoutsmoothly.Bothpartiesareverysatisfied.Weeyourrequirementtocontinuethecooperation.Owingtothefactthatthroughourclosecooperation,theabove-mentionedcontracthasbeenexecutedsmoothlytothesatisfactionofbothparties,we