模块三第一单元名词性从句

Unit1GrammarandusageNounclauses名词性从句(NounClauses)①在句子中起____作用的句子，②在复合句中能担任_____、_____、_____、

_________等③根据从句在句中不同的语法功能，可分为____________(SubjectClause)、____________(PredicativeClause)、____________(ObjectClause)____________(AppositiveClause)名词主语表语宾语同位语主语从句表语从句宾语从句同位语从句名词性从句在功能上相当于名词Hisjobisimportant.Whathedoesisimportant.主语Thisishisjob.Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.表语Idon’tlikehisjob.Idon’tlikewhathedoeseveryday.宾语Idon’tknowabouttheman,Mr.White.Idon’tknowaboutthefact

thatheisateacher.同位语1.

(主语从句)e.g.Thathecanhelpmemakesmehappy.

Whytheyhavenotleftyetisnotclearsofar.Nounclauses用it作形式主语，代替主语从句e.g.Itwasgoodnewsthateveryonegot

backsafely.2.宾语从句e.g.Iwonderif/whetherthat’sagoodidea.I’minterestedinwhothattallmanis.用it作形式宾语，代替宾语从句e.g.Weallthoughtitgoodnewsthatthe

foghadfinallygone.Theconductorhasmadeitclear

thatnobuseswillberunning.3.表语从句e.g.Thetruthisthatit’stoofoggyforthebustorunthatfar.MyquestioniswhetherPollycanfindherwayhome.4.同位语从句e.g.Shehadafeelingthatshewas

beingwatched.Thenews

thathecouldn’tcome

madeusupset.连接词：that、if、whether不作成分无意义2.连接代词

：who、whom、whose、what、

which、

whoever,whatever3.连接副词：when、where、why、how“是否”作状语作主/宾/表

II.名词性从句的引导词：e.g.Nooneknewif/whetherhelosthissightbecauseofanaccident.Shecouldn’timaginehowtheblindmanhadfoundher.Readthearticleonpage9anddescribethemainideainyourownwords.Whilereading,underlineallthenounclausesyoucanfindinthisarticle.名词性从句考点归纳一、名词性从句的语序(1)名词性从句构成有两种a.That+陈述句e.g.Thathediditrightisknowntoall.b.疑问词+句子的剩余成分e.g.Thisiswhatwearelookingfor.(2)疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用陈述句语序，不能用一般疑问句语序。他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。

Howwashesuccessfulisstillapuzzle.Howhewassuccessfulisstillapuzzle.FT你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？

Couldyoutellmewherehelives?Couldyoutellmewheredoeshelive?TF二、名词性从句连接词的选用(1)that和what的选用that和what都可引导所有的名词从句。但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。1.______hewantsisabook.2._____hewantstogothereisobvious.3.Theresultis____wewonthegame.

4.Thisis_____wewanttoknow.5.Is_____hetoldustrue?WhatThatthatwhatthatorwhat?what6.Weshouldpayattentionto______theteacherissaying.

7.Ihavenodoubt_____hewillcome.

8.Ihavenoidea_____hedidthatafternoon.whatthatwhat(2)if和whether的选用whether和if都可以使用的情况：

1)引导动词的宾语从句时；2)在be+adj.之后时；3)在主语从句中，it用作形式主语时。只能用whether的情况：1)在非正式文体中,if...ornot也是正确的。但与ornot直接连用时,只能用whether(即whetherornot),而不能用if(即ifornot)；2)引导表语从句和同位语从句时；3)引导主语从句，且位于句首时；4)引导介词后的宾语从句时；5)后面直接跟动词不定式时；6)if引起歧义时。1.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.

2.________wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.if/whetherWhetheriforwhether3.We’reworriedabout_______heissafe.

4.Idon’tknow_________heiswellornot.

5.Idon’tknow_______ornotheiswell.whetherwhether/ifwhether6.Thequestionis________heshoulddoit.

7.Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion________theoldmanwillrecoversoon.

8.Idon’tknow_______togo.whetherwhetherwhether9.Iwonder__________thenewsistrue.10.Hewasnotsure__________itwasright.11.Ithasn’tbeendecided_____________weshallattendthemeeting.

if/whether

if/whether

if/whether12.Wehaven’tdecided_________toattendthemeetingornot.13.Idon’tknow__________hefinallyfoundhismissingbikeornot.14.Idon’tknow________ornothefinallyfoundhismissingbike.whether

if/whetherwhether15.Thequestionis_________thefilmisworthseeing.16.Theproblem________weshouldcontinuetheexperimentremainsunsolved.whetherwhether17.________ourteamhaswonthematchisunknown.18.Italldependson_______hewillsupportus.19.Pleaseletmeknow_______youlikeit.Whetherwhetherwhether其它连接代词和副词的连用主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确的选择who/which/when/where/why/how等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。

_____weshallholdoursportsmeetingisnotdecided.

我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。

Idon’tknow____broketheglassyesterday.Whenwho我不知道他长的什么样子。Ihavenoidea_____helookslike.

这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。

Thisis______Ileftmyglasses.whatwhere引导词that的省略1.that引导宾语从句时，可以省略；2.如果有两个that引导的宾语从句，则第二个宾语从句中的that不可省略；3.介词后的宾语从句中的that不可省略;4.如果that连接的宾语从句中紧接着一个由其他连词引导的状语从句，that不能省略；下列名词性从句中的that是否可以省略。1.ItwasreportedthatthefootballteamwaswarmlyreceivedbytheQueen.2.Idon’tbelievethathehaseverreadanyofShakespeare’sworksorthathehaseverheardofhim.3.Hiscompositionisverygoodexcept

thattherearesomespellingmistakes.4.Thecauseoftheaccidentliesinthat

thedriverwascareless.5.Hesaidthat,ifIdidnothavetime,Imightchoosenottogo.6.Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthematchistrue.只有第2题第一个that可以省略，其他名词性从句中，that不可以省略。that/(that)1.Idon’tthink_____sheiscoming.

2.Itisapity____hehasmadesuchamistake.

3.Thereasonis____heiscareless.4.Thenews_____ourteamwonthematchinspiredus.(that)thatthatthat5.Idon’tthinkitnecessary____youshouldreadEnglishaloud.

6.Hetoldme_____hisfatherhaddiedand____hehadtomakealivingalone.that(that)that三、同位语从句的引导和辨别1.同位语从句的格式：n.+连接词+从句2.能接同位语从句的名词有：fact/idea/news/information/order/belief/advicesuggestion,等3.连接词通常是that,也可根据含义选用

whether,what,when,where等来引导同位语从句。Ihavenoidea_____hecomesfrom.

2.Hecan’tanswerthequestion____hegotthemoney.3.Hegaveusmanysuggestions____weshouldgetupearlierandtakemoreexercise.that/whether/where/howwherehowthat4.Ihavenodoubt____hewillwin.

5.Ihavesomedoubt________hewillwin.thatwhether同位语从句和定语从句的区别:1.定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的具体内容。定语从句中that不但起连接作用，而且在定语从句中充当一个句子成分，充当从句的宾语成分时可省略。2.同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的that在同位语从句中不做任何成分,只起连接作用,无具体含义,且不可省略。1.Weexpressedthehopethattheyhadexpressed.2.WeexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometoChinaagain.ATAPAttributiveorAppositive1.Theinformationhasbeenannounced

thatmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversity.

2.Theinformationthatherevealedatthemeetingisofgreatvalue.ATAP名词demand,suggestion,proposal,advice等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气,结构为should+do,should可省略

e.g.HegavemeasuggestionthatI(should)becalmnow.宾语从句的时态呼应如果主句时态是现在时或将来时,从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态。a.他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的。

Hebelieves_________________________________.hisdreamwillcometruesomedayb.请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么。

Pleasetellme_____________________________________.

whatyouweredoingatthistimeyesterday2.如果主句谓语是过去时,从句谓语动词一般用过去的某种时态,但从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然规律等时，从句谓语通常用一般现在时。他告诉我他正在为考试做准备。

Hetoldme_________________________________.他说他已离开家乡十年了。

Hetoldme_______________________________________________.hewaspreparingfortheexaminationhehadbeenawayfromhishometownfortenyears老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的。

Theteachertellus__________________________lighttravelsinastraightline.Readthearticleaboutoursensesonpage11andcircletherightwords.Answers:1.________2.________3.________4.________5.________6.________ifthatthatthatwhetherthatCompletethestoryonpage11usingthat,whetherorif.Answers:1.________2.________3.________4.________5.________6.________7.________8.________thatthatthatif/whetherthatif/whetherthatthat考点点拨考例回顾1.Theradioannouncedthatthemistwouldbecomeathickfog.(P10)[考点]that引导名词性从句时，在从句中不充当成分，在动词后面的宾语从句中可以省略，在介词后面的宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中均不可省略。[考例1]Withhisworkcompleted,thebusinessmansteppedbacktohisseat,feelingpleased_____hewasamanofaction.(湖南2006)A.which B.that C.what D.whether[解析]：根据句子结构，pleased后面应接宾语从句，hewasamanofaction是个完整的句子，从句中不缺成分，故选that。[考例2]Oneadvantageofplayingtheguitaris_____itcangiveyouagreatdealofpleasure.(上海2006)A.how B.why C.that D.when解析：is后面是表语从句，从句中不缺成分，故选that。[考例3]Awarmthoughtsuddenlycametome____Imightusethepocketmoneytobuysomeflowersformymother’sbirthday.(安徽2006)A.if B.when C.that D.which解析：此句是同位语从句，thought与从句thatImight...被谓语suddenlycametome隔开。同位语从句中的引导词that不充当成分，只起一个连接的作用。2.Sheisnotcertainaboutwhethershehasdoneanythingwrong.(P10)[考点]在介词后面的宾语从句中表示“是否”时，只用whether，不用if。[考例]Wehaven’tsettledthequestionof_____itisnecessaryforhimtostudyabroad.(江苏2006)A.if B.where C.whether D.that句意：我们还没有解决他是否有必要去国外学习这一问题。根据句意，可排除B和D两项。介词of后面接宾语从句时，只用whether，不用if。故选C项。3.Hesaid(that)helikedrainverymuchandthathewouldn’tuseanumbrellawhenitwasraining.(P10)[考点]当一个句子有两个或多个宾语从句时，引导第一个从句的that可以省略，而引导第二个和以后几个从句的that不可省略，且最后两个从句之间要用and，but或or连接。[考例]Havingcheckedthedoorswereclosed,and_____allthelightswereoff,theboyopenedthedoortohisbedroom.(湖南2007)A.whyB.that C.when D.where解析：动词checked后接两个宾语从句，第一个是thedoorswereclosed，引导从句的that被省略；第二个是allthelightswereoff，从句中不缺成分，故选that，且that不可省略。1.Itnowappears______theyareinneedofhelp.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.how2.Itisgoodnews______theywillarriveinafewdays.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.how3.It______Joedrivesbadly.A.thoughtthatB.thinksthatC.isthinkthatD.isthoughtthat4.It______heislateforclass.A.maythatB.mightthatC.maybethatD.mightbewhat5.Thisis______shewasborn.A.whereB.which C.thatD.what6.Thequestionis______wecan’tgotheretoday.A.thatB.what C.whichD.when7.Thequestionis____itisworthdoing.A.ifB.whetherC.whichD.what8.Thereasonhehasmadesuchgreatprogressis_______hehasneverwastedhistime.A.becauseB.why C.thatD.what9.Mysuggestionis______weshouldturnthelandintoricefields.A.whatB.that C.whichD.where10.Hisproposalisthatthedam_____atthefootofthemountain.A.buildB.willbuild C.bebuiltD.willbebuilt11.Myadviceisthathe______regularhouse.A.keepB.wouldkeep C.keepsD.kept______knowsthetruthwilltellyouaboutit.A.WhothatB.Whoever C.W