人教新课标必修四-Unit-2-Working-the-land-language-points-inreading

Languagepoints课前热身Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Yourattentionshouldbef_______onyourstudiesandwork.2．Thoughheisyoung,heiss__________tosupportalargefamily.Heisverystrong­willed.3．Wee_______ricebutimportwheat.4．Ir________totellyouthatMrWhitehasdepartedfromtheworldforever.5．Pleasegiveyourname，addressando__________.ocused

truggling

xport

egret

ccupation

6．Eachclassroominourschoolis_________(装备)withacomputer,whichishelpfultoourstudy.7．Asisknowntoall,whenheated,thingswill_________(膨胀)．8．Ifwehaveadvancewarning,we'llbeableto________(减少)thedamage.9．Wedonothaveenoughmoney._________(因此)wecannotaffordtobuythenewcar.10．Expertshavenotyetbeenableto_________(评论)onthisphenomenon.equipped

expand

reduce

Therefore

comment

Ⅱ.完成短语1．导致，造成(后果)lead____

2．对……感到满意besatisfied____

3．逐渐增强；建立；开发build____

4．宁愿，宁可would________

5．摆脱；除去rid…____6．幸亏；由于；因为thanks_____

7．使……免受(影响；伤害)keep…______from/of8．集中(注意力、精力)于focus____

to

with

up

rather

of

to

free

on

1.…forwhomhehasstruggledforthepastfivedecades.strugglevi.&n．斗争，拼搏；努力；挣扎词汇点睛【拓展】struggleagainst/with与……斗争strugglefor/todosth努力争取……withastruggle费劲地withoutastruggle未经努力struggletoone'sfeet挣扎着站起来strugglethroughthesnowstorm冒着暴风雪前进alife­and­deathstruggle生死搏斗【活学活用】(1)这个目的只有经过艰苦的斗争才能达到。____________________________wastheaimachieved.(2)她靠着非常微薄的收入艰难地供养一家人。She__________________________afamilyonaverylowincome.（3）Werealizedstrengthandcouragearenotalwaysmeasuredinmedalsandvictoriesbutinthe_______weovercome.(2009长春)A.sadnessB.strugglesC.diseasesD.tirednessOnlyafterabitterstruggleisstrugglingtobringup2.DrYuansearchedforawaytoincreasericeharvestswithoutexpanding

theareaofthefields.expandvt.&vi.(enlarge)使变大；(spreadout)伸展；(toexpressatlengthorindetail)阐述【拓展】expandinto/in…使扩大……，变大为……expandon/upon阐述，详谈expansionn.扩张；膨胀；扩大；发展expansiveadj.广阔的；豪爽的，友善的【活学活用】(1)教师的队伍日益扩大。Theranksoftheteachers_________________________.(2)他的公司因扩大规模而成为一个大公司。Hiscompany__________________________.(3)Between2007and2008,thenumberofoverseasvisitorsexpanded______28%.A.byB.forC.toD.inare

constantly

expanding

expanded

into

a

big

one

【易混辨析】stretch,spread,extend，expand这几个词的共同意思是“扩展”。(1)stretch指把有弹性的物体拉长或拉宽。(2)spread意思较为广泛：①把某物体展开，铺平。②把许多物体铺撒在一定的面积上。③指某事物在人与人之间传播，越传越广。(3)extend指在空间或时间上延伸，一般有一个大致的延伸方向。(4)expand本义指在面积、体积上的扩大，一般是从中心向四周扩大。用作比喻义时可以指各种事物的增长、扩大等。用stretch,spread,extend或expand的适当形式完成句子(1)Heroseand___________himself.(2)Influenza'

A(H1N1)virus

once_________allovertheworld.(3)Thetouristseason__________fromMaytillOctober.(4)Heisthinkingof___________hisbusiness.stretched

spread

extends

expanding

3.Thankstohisresearch,theUNhasmoretoolsinthebattletoridtheworldofhunger.(1)thanksto多亏；由于（在句中作原因状语，引导的短语常置于句首或句末）【拓展】thanksto表示“幸亏,多亏”多用于表达正面意思,相当于感谢,在句中作状语和表语。Thankstoyourhelp，muchtroublewassaved.多亏你的帮助,减少了许多麻烦。ItwasthankstohisadvicethatIsucceeded.多亏了他的忠告我才得以成功。Theaccidentwasduetohiscarelessdriving.事故是由于他的粗心驾驶造成的。Owingtoyourtimelyhelp，wefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.由于你及时的帮助，我们提前完成了工作。Asaresultofthebadweather，thefootballmatchwasputoff.由于天气不好，足球赛被推迟。完成下列句子。(1)__________________(多亏你的帮助),weweresuccessful.(2)__________________________(幸亏他体质好),Jackwasabletopullthroughhisrecentseriousillness.ThankstoyourhelpThankstohisstrongconstitution单项1.Itwas________yourtimelyhelpthatwecouldsolvetheproblem.A．for B．becauseC．thanksto D．dueto2.Animals’livingenvironmentshavebeengettingworse___theincreaseinindustrialpollution.A.thankstoB.becauseC.asD.since（2）ridvt.摆脱；除去【拓展】ridsb/sthof…使某人/某物摆脱……getridof摆脱掉，除掉，处理掉beridofsb/sth＝be/becomefreeof摆脱ridoneselfofdebt还清债务inform/warn/curesbof…通知/警告/治愈人……【活学活用】(1)Thedentist_______________(使他免除痛苦)bytakingouthisbadtooth.(2)Theman________________(还清了债)．(3)________________________(如何处理掉垃圾)isagreatproblemfortheworldtoday.(4)IfIruledtheworld,Iwould______theworld______wars.A.getridof;byB.beridof;byC.rid;ofD.getrid;ofrid

him

of

the

pain

rid

himself

of

debt

How

to

get

rid

of

waste

4.Hewouldmuchratherkeeptimeforhishobbies.wouldrather(not)dosth宁愿(不)做某事【拓展】(1)宁愿……(而)不愿……；与其……倒不如……wouldratherdo…thando…woulddo…ratherthando…(2)wouldrather(that)sb.didsth./haddonesth.宁愿某人…(从句的谓语动词用虚拟语气)Iwouldratheryoucamewithus.(表示与现在或将来事实相反谓语动词用一般过去时)I’dratheryouhadn’tdonethat.(表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用过去完成时)(3)Iwouldratheryoudidn’t…常用来表示拒绝别人的请求。注意：使用wouldrather…than…句型时要注意“平行结构”，即than的前后要用两个同类的词或词组，如两个名词、两个介词短语等。wouldrather的反意疑问句通常用wouldn't…？【活学活用】(1)Thechildrenwould_________________________________________________.(宁愿走路而不愿乘公共汽车)．(2)Don'tcometomorrow.I'drather__________nextweekend(你下周末来)．(3)_________________________(你更愿意做……),gotocinemaorstayathome?walk

there

rather

than

take

a

busrather

walk

there

than

take

a

busyoucameWhich

would

yourather

do

5.Indeed,hebelievesthatapersonwithtoomuchmoneyhasmore,ratherthanfewertroubles.他确实认为，一个人有了太多钱，他的麻烦事只会更多，而不是更少。【句型归纳】ratherthan而不是wouldratherdosth.thandosth.else.宁愿干某事，而不愿干某事woulddosth.ratherthandosth.else.宁愿干某事，而不愿干某事wouldratherthatsb.did/haddonesth.宁愿某人干/干过某事prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.else.宁愿干某事，而不愿干某事preferdoingsth.todoingsth.else.宁愿干某事，而不愿干某事【即学即练】完成下列句子。（1）We____________liveinthecountryside______inthecity.（2）I____________youwereherenow.（3）He________stayinghome____climbingthemountainwithhisparents.（4）Itisyou____________hethatistoblame.wouldratherthanwouldratherpreferstoratherthan5.satisfyvt.满足(需要；欲望等);使满足,使确信,使消除疑虑satisfactionn.满意；满足satisfactoryadj.令人满意的，圆满的eg:Thatanswerwon'tsatisfyher.那个回答不能令她满意。Ourcompanywilldoeverythingtosatisfyourcustomers.我们公司将尽一切努力令顾客满意。【拓展】satisfyone'sdesire./curiosity/needs满足欲望/好奇心/需要satisfysb.of/that…使某人确信..besatisfiedwith对……满意besatisfiedtodo乐意做……withsatisfaction满意地toone’ssatisfaction=tothesatisfactionofsb.使某人满意的是……befarfromsatisfactory远远不能让人满意1.Nickislookingforanotherjobbecausehefeelsthatnothinghedoes________hisboss.A．serves B．satisfiesC．promises D．Supports2.Behappy！ItseemedthatMissGuowas________withyourworktoday.A．dishonest B．confusedC．satisfied D．angry3.填空Inorderto_______theneedsofmywife,Iworkedharddayandnight.However,oneday,themanagertoldmethoughmanyclients________________mywork,asatopsalesman,it______________________.AtthattimeIknewifIwanted_________myboss,Imustworkharderandharder.Ididso.Afewmonthslater,Iwasaskedtogotothemanager’soffice.Helookedatme______________and________________,hetoldmeIwaspromotedasdepartmentmanager.satisfyweresatisfiedwith

wasfarfromsatisfactorytosatisfywithsatisfaction

tomysatisfaction

5.Hethereforegivesmillionsofyuantoequipothersfortheirresearchinagriculture.(1)Therefore因此；所以；因而(2)equipvt.装备，配备【拓展】equipsb/sthtodosth使具备条件做某事equipsb/sthwithsth用……装备……well/poorequipped设备精良的/差的equipmentn.设备【温馨提示】equipment为不可数名词，当表示“一件设备”时，要用apieceofequipment(注意不说anequipment)。【活学活用】(1)他们带上两把利斧便朝森林走去。They________________________apairofsharpaxesandsetofffortheforest.(2)由于预先考虑到了这些问题，我有充分的准备去处理局势。Havinganticipatedtheproblems,I_____________________dealwiththesituation.(3)Theschool_____tencourseswhichwill_____youtogetagoodjobinthefuture,equips;offerB.offers;equipC.equips;equipD.offers;offerequippedthemselveswith

waswellequippedtorefusewithmuchregret(manyregrets)婉言拒绝toone'sregret令人遗憾的是

expressregretfor/at/oversth...对……表示遗憾regrettodosth对要做的事感到遗憾(未做)regret＋that－clause后悔，遗憾……regrettosay/tell/inform...很抱歉地说/告诉/知……regret＋n./pron./doing/havingdone后悔做某事

It'smuchtoberegrettedthat...令人遗憾的是……havenoregrets没有遗憾withgreatregret非常遗憾6.regretvt.为……感到遗憾，惋惜n.遗憾，悔恨注意：“regret＋不定式(一般式)”表示对将要说出的话或做的事感到遗憾，而“regret＋v.­ing/havingdone”则表示对过去做过的事或说过的话等后悔。比较：IregrettosaythatIcan'tgowithyou.我不能和你一同前往，很遗憾。Iregrettelling(orhavingtold)herthenews.(有时也可说：Iregrettohavetoldherthenews.)我把消息告诉了她，我很后悔。.【活学活用】(1)他对于自己的粗心大意感到懊悔。

Heregretted_____________careless.＝Heregretted____________________careless.(2)我遗憾地通知你，我们不能雇用你。

I__________________youthatweareunabletoofferyouemployment.(3)令我很遗憾的是，我现在必须离开了。___________________，Imustleavenow.

(4)听到你的计划不能顺利进行，我们觉得很可惜。Weheard____________thatyouwerenotsuccessfulinyourplan.havingbeen

thathehadbeen

regrettoinform

Muchtomyregret

withregret

1.【原句】Whatdoyouthinkwouldhappeniftomorrowthereweresuddenlynoricetoeat?如果明天突然没有米饭吃会发生什么？【分析】这个句子用了____________,表示可能性很小的对将来情况的一种假设。从句的动词用过去式(be用were)，主句的动词用should(would，could，might)+动词原形。【仿写】要是明天他在，一切就好办了。Ifhe______heretomorrow,everything___________OK.虚拟语气werewouldbe2．Thisspecialstrainofricemakesitpossibletoproduceone­thirdmoreofthecropinthesamefields.【分析】

makeit...todo使做(某事)成为……，it是_________，possible是__________，_______是真正的宾语。【仿写】他无论在哪里，都把每天跑步一小时当做规定去执行。Whereverheis，he____________________dorunningforanhoureveryday.【高考链接】Wefeel_________ourdutytomakeourcountryabetterplace.(天津2011)A.itB.thisC.thatD.one形式宾语宾语补足语todomakesitaruleto3.AlthoughheisoneofChina’smostfamousscientists,YuanLongpingconsidershimselfafarmer,…尽管是中国最著名的科学家之一,但袁隆平却把自己看成一个农民,…【分析】

although相当于though,引导让步状语从句,不与but连用,但可以和yet,still连用.【仿写】尽管我匆匆忙忙,然而我再一次迟到了.______________,yetIwaslateagain.

AlthoughIhurried3.【原句】Indeed,hissunburntfaceandarmsandhisslim,strongbodyarejustlikethoseofmillionsofChinesefarmers,forwhomhehasstruggledforthepastfivedecades.的确，他那被太阳晒得黝黑的脸庞和手臂，以及他那瘦削而又结实的身躯，就跟其他千百万中国农民一样，过去50年来，他一直在努力帮助他们。【分析】这是一个复合句，主句的主语是__________________________,likethoseofmillionsofChinesefarmers是介词短语作______，forwhom引导的定语从句修饰millionsofChinesefarmers。hissunburntface…body表语注意：关系代词位于介词之后，指人时要用whom，指物时要用which。【仿写】的确，他的相貌举止很像他的哥哥，过去几年里他和哥哥一直在为邻居做好事。Indeed,hisappearanceandmannersare________________________________,____________________gooddeedsfortheirneighborinthepastfewyears.4.【原句】Thisspecialstrainofricemakesitpossibletoproduceone-thirdmoreofthecropinthesamefields.这种特殊的稻种使得同样的田地多收获三分之一的常量.【分析】make多用越”make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构:(1)makesb/oneself+过去分词.例如:Hecan’tmakehimselfheardatthemeeting.在会上别人听不到他的声音.(2)makesb+不带to的不定式(被动机构加to).例如:Whatmakesyouthinkso?是什么使你这样想?Hewasmadetoworkatonce.他被迫立刻工作.(3)make+sb/sth+形容词.例如:Hiscomingtomymypartymademehappy.他能来参加晚会使我很高兴.(4)make+sb/sth+n.(宾语补足语如表示某人的职位,头衔,在一定范围之内的独一无二,其前不加冠词).例如:MaxmadeLondonthebaseofhisrevolutionarywork.马克思使路伦敦成为革命工作的根据地.Weallmadehimmonitor.我们都选他当班长.5.【原句】Nowmorethan60%ofthericeproducedinChinaeachyearisfromthishybridstrain.如今,中国每年生产的稻米有60%以上出自这种杂交水稻.(1)

morethan意为”多于…;超过…”,相当于over.

Wehavemorethan100teachersinourschool.我们学校有100多名老师.(2)morethan意为”不仅仅是,不只是”,相当于notonly.OurEnglishteacherismorethanagoodteacher,butalsoagoodfriend.6.【原句】Asayoungman,hesawthegreatneedforincreasingthericeoutput.年轻时,他就看到了稻田增产的巨大需求.

as的用法:(1)as作介词,意为”如;像;作为……;以……资格”.Whatdoes“quake”mean,asintheword“earthquake”?像earthquake中的quake是什么意思?(2)as作连词,意为”当……时候”,引导时间状语丛句,多表示主,从句谓语动词的的动作同时发生,与while相近.Asshesang,tearscamedownhercheeks.她一边唱歌,一边流泪.(3)as引导原因状语从句时,相当于because,since,意为”因为,由于”.Asheisaqualifieddoctor,Itrusthisadviceonmedicalmatters.因为他是一位合格的医生,所以在医疗问题上我相信他的建议.(4)as引导方式状语从句或比较状语从句,意为”如,像”.Shestayedinbedasthedoctorhadordered.她依照医生的嘱咐卧床休息.(5)as引导让步状语从句,意为”尽管”.YoungasIam,IknowwhatcareerIwanttofollow.尽管我很年轻,但我知道我想从事什么职业7.【原句】DrYuansearchedforawaytoincreasericeharvestswithoutexpandingtheareaofthefields.袁博士在不增加土地面积的基础上寻求达到增收的途径.search,searchfor,insearchof搜寻（介词词组）lookfor的用法区别(1)search为及物动词,其宾语可以是人，房屋,衣袋,山,森林等名词,意为”搜索或者搜索某地”.Thepolicemansearchedthethief’sroom,butfoundnothing.警察搜了小偷的房间,但什么都没找到.(2)searchfor意为”搜索,搜索某人或某物”,而search…for…意为”搜寻某处/某物以找到…..”.Thepolicemansearchedthethiefforawallet.警察搜小偷的身来寻找一个钱包.(3)insearchof搜寻（介词词组）(4)lookfor意为”寻找”,是常用语.Heislookingforhispeneverywhere.他在到处找他的钢笔.Thedogswereintheforestinsearchof/lookingfor/searchingforcluesofthecriminals.=Thedogssearchedtheforestforcluesofthecriminals.=Thedogswereintheforesttolookforcluesofthecriminals.【即学即练】选用上述短语填空。(1)Thepoorprofessorfelteverywhereonthefloor___________________________hisglasses.(2)Thepolice________thethief____thelostwallet.(3)Whatareyou____________________？You’vebeenonnetforages.insearchof/searchingfor/lookingforsearchedforlookingfor/searchingfor8.【原句】Usinghishybridrice,farmersareproducingharveststwiceaslargeasbefore.