高考英语短文改错专题

Howtocorrectacomposition

短文改错一、设错方式1）错词2）多词3）缺词更正删除补漏（二）错误形式与改法1改词（5—6个）：在文中该词下面划横线；在题号后横线上写出要改的词。

2添词（1—2个）：在文中标上添词符号（∧）；在题号后横线上写出要添的词。

去掉（1—2个）：在文中用斜线划掉该词；在题号后写上要划掉的词，并也用斜线划掉。

LastweekmyparentsandItookatwo－daytriptoEmeiMountaininSichuan.Aseveryoneknow，it’sfamousmountainwithallkindsofPlantsandanimals.Theweatherwasfine.ItwasaboutnoonwearrivedatthefootoftheMountain.Thethreeofthemwereveryexcited．Asweclimbedthemountain，wefedmonkeys，visitingtemplesandtoldstories．

∨∨_______a（句子成分多分析）____（非谓动词细辨别）（代词/逻辑错误须关注）visitedus（动词形/主谓一致）knows（名词数/冠词用法）whenOnthewayupIwasbusytakingpicturesincethescenerywassobeautiful．Thetimepassesquickly.Eveningcamedown．Wespentthenightinahotelatthetopofthemountain．Thefoodwasexpensiveandtheservicewasgood．IwassotiredthatIfellasleepatthemomentmyheadtouchedthepillow．_________________（名词数）（动词形）butpassedpictures（逻辑错误须关注）（习惯用法要记住）（句子成分多分析／习惯用法要记住）动词形，名词数，还要注意形和副；非谓语，细辨别，代词格，细领悟；介词短语常常考，习惯用法要记住；句子成分多分析，逻辑错误须关注，冠词连词常光顾。短文改错口诀：1.Iwinanationalprizeforpaintinglastweek.won2.Booksborrowedfromlibrarymaybekeepforfourweeks.kept时态、语态,主谓一致错误3.Thewriterandpoetarebusyworking.is一、动词形NMET2001：

Myparentsloveme…andwilldoalltheycanmakesure…＿＿＿NMET2002:

Wefedmonkeys,visitingtemplesandtoldstories.______NMET2003:SoonIbegantoenjoytalktomyselfonpaperasIwaslearningtoexpressmyselfinsimpleEnglish.________

tovisitedtalking四、非谓语，细辨别这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有现在分词、过去分词，动名词和不定式错误。1.Istillremembergoingthereearlyandfeltanxiousaboutthenewworld.feeling2.Asweclimbedthemountains,wefedmonkeys,visitingtemplesandtoldstories.visited平行结构关系混乱动词搭配(1)Aftersupper,myfatherwouldgooutforawalkandthencomebacktoseenewspapers.(2)Heartomecarefully.WhatI’msayingisveryimportant.readListenNMET2000：

Nowmypictureandprizeishanginginthelibrary.＿＿＿＿NMET’2003：Shelikeditverymuchandreadsittotheclass.＿＿＿＿Ofcourse,whenmymotherwasasked,“Haveyou…”______are____——readwas2008重庆卷：

Andthereweremanymeaningfulthings2008辽宁卷：

Weallenjoyedthispreciousdaygreatly,rememberthetimewespenttogetherandthepeopletheywerefamiliarwith.rememberingthatwereworththinkofthinking4.Aftertheyhadchosethebooks…

5.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherlikethefilm.

chosenlikes6.…inmysparetime，butnowIaminterestinginfootball．7.Playfootballnotonlymakesusgrowuptallandstrongbutalso…9.Peterisawarm-heartedperson,erestedPlaying________________make10.Theairkeepstheballoonupwasescapingquicklyandtheballoonwascomingdown.11.Ijustwanttothankyouforhelpingmebecomingadifferentperson.keepingbecome二、名词数

指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。2007陕西卷：Personally,Ifoundmostlessonratheruninteresting.2008浙江卷：Anearbycompanywaslookingforstudentswithgoodhandwritingtowriteaddressesonevenlope.Thepaywas10centsperenvelope.

lessonsevenlopes2006福建卷：Ifyouhaveinterestsinit,replytomesoon.2006陕西卷：Theyhaveallsortsofcourse.I’msureyouwillfindoneyoulikeit.2006重庆卷：Insummer,erestcoursessky名词（一）分清可数名词与不可数名词，记住常用不可数名词。（二）熟记可数名词的单复数形式变化及不规则名词单复数变化形式。（三）注意可数名词在句中的用法，要么在前加a,an或the，要么用它的复数。（四）不能混淆修饰词。（只能修饰可数名词的有few,afew,many,anumberof,manya,只能修饰不可数名词的有little,alittle,much,anamountof,agreatdealof,两者都可修饰的有some,any,alotof,plentyof,aquantityof,massesof)（五）注意固定搭配中的单复数形式（六）并列结构中单，复数一致。(七)

同义词或反义词的混用fewExercises:1.Ionceworkedasnightguardinafactory.2.A

littleyardsawaystoodanenemywithaguninhishand.

a4….sothatIcangetgoodmarksinallmysubject.

5.OnthewayupIwasbusyingtakingpicture.subjectspictures

6.Thebookwillgiveyoualltheinformationsyouneed.

7.Heisongoodtermwithme.

8.Heisagenerousfellow,andwillsoonmakefriendwithyouagain.

9.Theydidnotwantmetodoanyworkatfamilyinformationtermsfriendshome三、还要注意形和副

注意形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错题的常考点。2007浙江卷：Igottothefinishinglinefirst.Iwontherace.Ifeltveryproudlyofmyself.2006福建卷：Wudhappily１修饰名词，系动词后，宾补要用形容词２修饰动词，形容词，副词，整个句子用副词３比较级和最高级的使用4.构词法2008全国卷Ⅱ：IwilllearnmoreaboutthehistoryoftheOlmpicsasgoodasthe2008Olmpicgames.2006辽宁卷：Shewasusualpatientwithherstudentsandnevermadethemdisappointed.usuallywell

1.Unfortunate，therearetoomanypeopleinmyfamily.2.Youshouldberespectabletowardsyourteachers.3.Iamabsolutelyuncapabletotellalie.

Unfortunatelyrespectfulincapable4.Youmustmakeyourparentshappily.

5.HelookeddifferentlyafterhisreturnfromEurope.6.Thenumberofgirlsisveryfew.

happydifferentsmall7.Theycamebacklatelyandhadsometea.8.Thetwomenthrewalltheirequipmentintothewatertomaketheballoonlight.9.Thenewpersononthejobfeelsmorebetterafterheorshehasplayedtenniswithotherpeopleintheoffice.latelightermuch/even/rather五、

代词格，细领悟us人称代词主格和宾格，形物和名物的使用．反身代词oneself

的使用．3．不定代词的使用及it的使用4.一致性：1）人称一致２）上下文单复数一致；（３）上下文阴阳性一致。5.指示代词应注意（１）this,that表示单数，those,these表示复数人称单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称第二人称第三人称Imeweusyouyouyouyouhehimsheheritittheythem单数复数形容词性物主代词myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirsFinally,thementhrewawaymostofhisclothestosavethemselves.their2008全国II：

Ishouldbeabletotellvisitorsaboutourhistoryandcultureandshowthemtheirgreatachievement.2007陕西：JustatthattimeIwokeupandfoundmestillinbed!

ourmyself3.Hisbrother’scaseisquitedifferentfromme.

mine4.Peoplefindincreasinglydifficulttomaketheirliving.

5.Heistallerthananyoneinhisclass.

itelse7.Ireadyoure-mailtomyparentsandshowedthemthephotoyousentittome.8.Ihopethatbothyoutwocouldcomeandvisitussometimesoon.9.Thosefreshmenfinallylearnedtosolvetheproblemsbythem.themselves主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。catchasightoflosemyheartinhurryinSundayafternoonsuchmanypeopleinashortaon∨so

六.介词短语常常考，习惯用法要记住

1.Don’tapproachtoaworkofartinsuchaspirit.

2.Theboywasabsorbedbuildingadaminthebrook.

3.Iwasimpressedatthezealwithwhichhespokeoftheplan.

4.Thegentlemaninsistedatmyreceivingthemoney.

5.AtlastwereachedtothevillageatthefootofthehillinWith/byon6.Becausethehelpyougavemethatsummer,mylifechanged.7.Whenayoungmanstartstoearnhisownliving,hecannolongerexpectotherstopayhisfood.8.I

imagine

you’ll

be

at

vacation

yourself

by

that

time.

offoron七、句子成分多分析

不同的句子成分要用不同的词类；不同的语境要选择不同的词语。只有对句子结构和成分作细致的分析，才能找出用词不当的错误。NMET2005:Heaskedangryifwehadfinishedthework.______

angrily4.Onhiswayhome,hesuddenlyheardhisnamecalling.5.IheardthatMr.WangwouldteachourEnglishthisterm.6.Afterlearnthebasicsofthesubject,nothingelseseemedverypracticaltome.calleduslearning1.MyroommatelivesinasmalltownincentralMissouri,aquiettownwhichIwouldliketolivemyself.

2.TheUnitedStatesiscomposedoffiftystates,twoofthoseareseparatedfromtheothersbylandorwater.4.Icannotmakesenseofthathesaidatthemeeting.wherewhichwhat八、逻辑错误须关注

与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误，如称谓上的张冠李戴。2006四川卷：Thatnight，wesatdowntowhattheythoughtwouldbeapleasant,uninterruptedmeals.NMET2005:

Somestudentsmayalsosaveupforourcollegeorfutureuse.wetheir1、ItisaveryimportantexambutIcan’taffordtofailit.2、Mostpeoplecanquicklygetforhelpfromadoctororgotoahospitalsince

theyareill.3、Shewassmilingbutnoddingatme.Iremembered.2oo7全国II：ImeanttowritelongletterandtellyouallthethingsI’mdoingattheschool…2007四川卷：AnAustralianfarmerfoundthekangaroocaughtinthefencearoundhisfarms.aa九、冠词、连词常光顾3.IgainedsomuchconfidencethatIwentbacktoschoolasnewperson.4,Withcomingofspring,grassandtreesturngreen.5.WhenachildisfiveinEnglandorWales,hisparentsmustsendhimtotheschool.6.Afterahourorsowebegantofeelveryfrightened.athean连词连词分从属连词和并列连词，应注意：（一）根据文章逻辑顺序正确选择并列连词或从属连词。（二）从属连词如because与so,though/although与but,if与and/or等不能同时使用。（三）正确使用复合句中的关系词及连接词。1.Icameintothelivingroomandsawoneofthemjustgothroughthekitchendoorbutturnonthelight.2.Hewillstaythereoneandtwodays.3.Theremaynotbemuchchoicebetweenthisoneorthat.

andorand1.30percentofgirlswouldliketobecometeacherswhenonly5percentofboyswanttodothisjob.3.ItwasnotuntilitbegantorainwhenInoticedhisumbrellaleftinmycar.

whilethat2007浙江卷：TodayIwashavingaPElessonwhileIfelldownandhurtmyfoot.

2006辽宁卷：Shealwaysmadesurethatourhomeworkwasfinishedontime,butshemarkedstrictlyonouractualperformance.

2007四川卷：Hethoughtthepooranimalwasinjured,butthekindfarmertookoffhisjacketandputontheanimal. whenandso

冗词的多用1.Lastsummer,IwenttoBeijing,myfirsttimetriptothecity.2.Twoyearslater,hereturnedbackhome.3.Itisabout200milesfarawayfromLondon.4)Manystudentsfeelitthatapopularteachermustbekindandeasy-going.5.Thegirlisproudofthatherfamilyiswelldescended.6.Likemostofmyschoolmates,Ihaveneitherbrothersnorsisters--inanyotherwords,Iamanonlychild.7.Wemaybeonefamilyandliveunderthesameroof,butwedonotseemtogetmuchtimetotalkabouttogether.8.(02春季)Forinstance,ononenightheplayedstrongandloudmusictillfouro’clockinthemorning.9.Eveningcamedown.10.(NMET03)ThemainproblemwasinthatIalwaysthoughtinChinese.短文改错口诀：动词形，名词数，还要注意形和副；非谓语，细辨别，代词格，细领悟；介词短语常常考，习惯用法要记住；句子成分多分析，逻辑错误须关注，冠词连词常光顾。短篇练习AtChristmasEve,Jimwentwithhis1._____fathertochooseaChristmastree.Theychoose2._____abigone.Itwasalmostastallerastheroom!3._____Theyputtheminthecornerofthesitting4._________on_________chose_______tall_______it动词形介词短语常常考，习惯用法要记住还要注意形和副代词格，细领悟2009高考英语短文改错模拟训练room.Katewascovereditwithalotof5._____Christmaslight.Thesittingroomlooked6.____reallybeautifullyatthemoment.Therewas7.________afireburninthefireplace,andtheChristmas8.____treelightswereshinningbrightly.Jimorhis9.____parentssinginganddancinghappily.10.____＼was＼_______lights_____________beautiful∧were动词形还要注意形和副动词形名词数2009高考英语短文改错模拟训练逻辑错误须关注and非谓语，细辨别burning2.Enteringintothehall,Ifoundeveryoneseatedintheirplaces.3.Wehavemadeagreatprogressinourstudy.1.Heismoretallerthanme.4.MotherwastoldJimnottoeattoomuch.比较级用法重复固定搭配主被动关系多词1.Hissuccessisgreatsurprisetoeveryone.4.Shewillpresentatthemeetingtomorrow.3.Heaskedmenotgothere.abeto5.Themanissittingnexthisson.2.Computerplaysimportantpartinourlife.anto抽象名词具体化固定搭配固定用法系表结构固定用法缺词【解题指导】（一）解题步骤1浏览全文，掌握大意2分句阅读，逐行找错3由易到难,各个击破4检查核对，注意方法Dear

Alice,I

have

just

got

some

good

news

to

tell

to

you.

1.______I

win

a

national

prize

for

painting

last

week.

2.

______My

father

was

so

pleasing

that

he

suggested

3.

______I

go

to

England

for

a

holiday.

I’d

like

to

staying

4.

______there

for

half

a

month,

visiting

place

of

interest

5.

______or

practicing

my

English

as

well.

We’ve

been

6.

______towonpleasedstayplacesandWriting

to

each

for

nearly

a

year

now.

I

have

7.

______often

dreamed

of

talk

face

to

face

with

you.

8.

______I

imagine

you’ll

be

at

vacation

yourself

by

that

9.

______time.

Perhaps

we

could

go

out

to

do

some

10.

______sightseeing

together.

Bestwishes！

Lily∧othertalkingon√

TheStoryaboutGrowingPainsismyfavoriteAmericanTVplaybecauseitisveryinterested.Theplay76._______tellshumorousstoriesthathappenintheSeaver’s77.______family.Withsuchstoriesitmakepeoplethink78._______aboutlife,butthereforeattractstheaudience.Itis79._______alsoawindowwhichwecanlearnaboutAmerican80._________society.Andthereweremanymeaningfulthingsthat81.______areworththinkof,suchastherelationshipbetween82.______parentsandchildreninalotofAmericanfamily.It83.______isquitedifferentfromthoseinChina.Theplayis84._______verypopular.We’dbetternotmissthechance85._______erestingmakesandarethinkingfamiliesthat∧thefrom/through√√1.Hehasneverbeenheardspeakillofothers.

2.Wehearitsayfrequentlythatwhatpresent-daymenmostdesireissecurity.

3.ItisdifficulttomakeyourselfunderstandinEnglish.to