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ToeflReadingComplexSentences第一页,共23页。ContentsThepatternsofthecomplexsentencesThetypesofthecomplexsentences第二页,共23页。ThepatternsofthecomplexsentencesAofB-edbyVt./vi.“and/or”clauses第三页,共23页。AofB;-edby;Vt./vi.Thegradualdryingofthesoilcausedbyitsdiminishedabilitytoabsorbwaterresultsinthefurtherlossofvegetation,sothatacycleofprogressivesurfacedeteriorationisestablished.第四页,共23页。“and/or”Isthisadefect,oraretheauthorsworkingoutadifferentkindofaesthetic,ortryingtoreactagainstcertaintypeofmainstreamaesthetic?第五页,共23页。
WhatwetodaycallAmericanfolkartwas,indeed,artof,by,andforordinary,everyday‘folks’,withincreasingprosperityandleisure,createdamarketforartofallkingdomandespeciallyforportraits.第六页,共23页。
Biologicalhypothesesincludeecologicalchangesbroughtaboutbytheevolutionofcooperationbetweeninsectsandfloweringplantsorofbottom-feedingpredatorsintheoceans.第七页,共23页。
InaperiodcharacterizedbytheabandonmentofsomuchoftherealistictraditionbyauthorssuchasJohnBarth,DonaldBarthelme,andThomasPynchon,Joyce.CarolOateshasseemedattimesdeterminedlyold-fashionedinherinsistenceontheessentialmimeticqualityofherfiction.第八页,共23页。clausesGovernmentshavetraditionallybeenassumedtowanttomaximisethewelfareofthecitizensoftheircountryorlocality.Thiscanbeverydifficultbecauseitisoftennotimmediatelyobviouswhatarethecostsandbenefitsofadecision.第九页,共23页。clausesTheproductionpossibilityfrontiersinFigures1and2havebeendrawnconcavetotheorigin(bowingoutwards)ratherthanasstraightlinesorasconvexlines.Thisisbecauseithasbeenassumedthatnotallresourcesintheeconomyareasproductiveinoneusecomparedtoanother.第十页,共23页。Thetypesofthecomplexsentences多句合成型拆分词组型插入型倒装型包含(bāohán)特殊结构型
第十一页,共23页。多句合成(héchéng)型Along-heldviewofthehistoryoftheEnglishcoloniesthatbecametheUnitedStateshasbeenthatEngland’spolicytowardthesecoloniesbefore1763wasdictatedbycoimmercialinterestsandthatachangetoamoreimperialpolicy,dominatedbyexpansionistmilitaristobjectives,generatedthetensionsthatultimatelyledtotheAmericanRevolution.第十二页,共23页。拆分词组(cízǔ)型
Eachofthesecharacteristicssharplydistinguishesthe21000peoplewholeftforNewEnglandinthe1630’sfrommostoftheapproximatly377000EnglishpeoplewhohadimmigratedtoAmericaby1700.第十三页,共23页。拆分词组(cízǔ)型
Thekillingofbirdsofpreybywindturbineshaspittedenvironmentalistswhochampionwildlifeprotectionagainstenvironmentalistswhopromoterenewablewindenergy.第十四页,共23页。插入(chārù)型TheoutpouringofcontemporaryAmericanIndianliteratureinthelasttwodecades,oftencalledtheNativeAmericanRenaissance,representsformanythefirstopportunitytoexperienceNativeAmericanpoetry.第十五页,共23页。插入(chārù)型AlthoughGutmanadmitsthatforcedseparationbysalewasfrequent,heshowsthatheslaves’preference,revealedmostclearlyonplantationswheresalewasinfrequent,wasverymuchforstablemonogamy.第十六页,共23页。倒装(dǎozhuānɡ)型
Seldomhavewefeltascomfortableashere.Atnotimewastheentranceleftunguarded.Missinguntilrecentlywerefossilsclearlyintermediate,ortransitional,betweenlandmammalsandcetaceans.第十七页,共23页。倒装(dǎozhuānɡ)型
Coincidentwithconcernsabouttheacceleratinglossofspeciesandhabitatshasbeenagrowingappreciationoftheimportanceofbiologicaldiversity,thenumberofspeciesinaparticularecosystem,tothehealthoftheEarthandhumanwell-being.第十八页,共23页。包含“特殊(tèshū)结构”的难句
虚拟语气Ifitwerenotforthisfaculty,theywoulddevourallthefoodavailableinshorttimeandwouldprobablystarvethemselvesoutofexistence.Indeed,haditnotbeenforthesuperbpreservationofthesefossils,theymightwellhavebeenclassifiedasdinosaurs.第十九页,共23页。not···somuchas···
Foranumberofyearstheselectionofmusicforeachfilmprogramrestedentirelyinthehandsoftheconductororleaderoftheorchestra,andveryoftentheprincipalqualificationforholdingsuchapositionwasnotskillortastesomuchastheownershipofalargepersonallibraryofmusicapieces.第二十页,共23页。not···anymorethan
Scienceisbuiltwithfactsjustasahouseisbuiltwithbricks,butacollectionoffactscannotbecalledscienceanynorthanapileofbrickscanbecalledahouse.第二十一页,共23页。clausesAmericanpaleontologistsDavidRaupandJohnSepkoski,whohavestudiedextinctionratesinanumberoffossilgroups,suggestthatepisodesofincreasedextinctionhaverecur
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