托福阅读长难句分析说课材料

ToeflReadingComplexSentences第一页，共23页。ContentsThepatternsofthecomplexsentencesThetypesofthecomplexsentences第二页，共23页。ThepatternsofthecomplexsentencesAofB-edbyVt./vi.“and/or”clauses第三页，共23页。AofB;-edby;Vt./vi.Thegradualdryingofthesoilcausedbyitsdiminishedabilitytoabsorbwaterresultsinthefurtherlossofvegetation,sothatacycleofprogressivesurfacedeteriorationisestablished.第四页，共23页。“and/or”Isthisadefect,oraretheauthorsworkingoutadifferentkindofaesthetic,ortryingtoreactagainstcertaintypeofmainstreamaesthetic?第五页，共23页。

WhatwetodaycallAmericanfolkartwas,indeed,artof,by,andforordinary,everyday‘folks’,withincreasingprosperityandleisure,createdamarketforartofallkingdomandespeciallyforportraits.第六页，共23页。

Biologicalhypothesesincludeecologicalchangesbroughtaboutbytheevolutionofcooperationbetweeninsectsandfloweringplantsorofbottom-feedingpredatorsintheoceans.第七页，共23页。

InaperiodcharacterizedbytheabandonmentofsomuchoftherealistictraditionbyauthorssuchasJohnBarth,DonaldBarthelme,andThomasPynchon,Joyce.CarolOateshasseemedattimesdeterminedlyold-fashionedinherinsistenceontheessentialmimeticqualityofherfiction.第八页，共23页。clausesGovernmentshavetraditionallybeenassumedtowanttomaximisethewelfareofthecitizensoftheircountryorlocality.Thiscanbeverydifficultbecauseitisoftennotimmediatelyobviouswhatarethecostsandbenefitsofadecision.第九页，共23页。clausesTheproductionpossibilityfrontiersinFigures1and2havebeendrawnconcavetotheorigin(bowingoutwards)ratherthanasstraightlinesorasconvexlines.Thisisbecauseithasbeenassumedthatnotallresourcesintheeconomyareasproductiveinoneusecomparedtoanother.第十页，共23页。Thetypesofthecomplexsentences多句合成型拆分词组型插入型倒装型包含(bāohán)特殊结构型

第十一页，共23页。多句合成(héchéng)型Along-heldviewofthehistoryoftheEnglishcoloniesthatbecametheUnitedStateshasbeenthatEngland’spolicytowardthesecoloniesbefore1763wasdictatedbycoimmercialinterestsandthatachangetoamoreimperialpolicy,dominatedbyexpansionistmilitaristobjectives,generatedthetensionsthatultimatelyledtotheAmericanRevolution.第十二页，共23页。拆分词组(cízǔ)型

Eachofthesecharacteristicssharplydistinguishesthe21000peoplewholeftforNewEnglandinthe1630’sfrommostoftheapproximatly377000EnglishpeoplewhohadimmigratedtoAmericaby1700.第十三页，共23页。拆分词组(cízǔ)型

Thekillingofbirdsofpreybywindturbineshaspittedenvironmentalistswhochampionwildlifeprotectionagainstenvironmentalistswhopromoterenewablewindenergy.第十四页，共23页。插入(chārù)型TheoutpouringofcontemporaryAmericanIndianliteratureinthelasttwodecades,oftencalledtheNativeAmericanRenaissance,representsformanythefirstopportunitytoexperienceNativeAmericanpoetry.第十五页，共23页。插入(chārù)型AlthoughGutmanadmitsthatforcedseparationbysalewasfrequent,heshowsthatheslaves’preference,revealedmostclearlyonplantationswheresalewasinfrequent,wasverymuchforstablemonogamy.第十六页，共23页。倒装(dǎozhuānɡ)型

Seldomhavewefeltascomfortableashere.Atnotimewastheentranceleftunguarded.Missinguntilrecentlywerefossilsclearlyintermediate,ortransitional,betweenlandmammalsandcetaceans.第十七页，共23页。倒装(dǎozhuānɡ)型

Coincidentwithconcernsabouttheacceleratinglossofspeciesandhabitatshasbeenagrowingappreciationoftheimportanceofbiologicaldiversity,thenumberofspeciesinaparticularecosystem,tothehealthoftheEarthandhumanwell-being.第十八页，共23页。包含“特殊(tèshū)结构”的难句

虚拟语气Ifitwerenotforthisfaculty,theywoulddevourallthefoodavailableinshorttimeandwouldprobablystarvethemselvesoutofexistence.Indeed,haditnotbeenforthesuperbpreservationofthesefossils,theymightwellhavebeenclassifiedasdinosaurs.第十九页，共23页。not···somuchas···

Foranumberofyearstheselectionofmusicforeachfilmprogramrestedentirelyinthehandsoftheconductororleaderoftheorchestra,andveryoftentheprincipalqualificationforholdingsuchapositionwasnotskillortastesomuchastheownershipofalargepersonallibraryofmusicapieces.第二十页，共23页。not···anymorethan

Scienceisbuiltwithfactsjustasahouseisbuiltwithbricks,butacollectionoffactscannotbecalledscienceanynorthanapileofbrickscanbecalledahouse.第二十一页，共23页。clausesAmericanpaleontologistsDavidRaupandJohnSepkoski,whohavestudiedextinctionratesinanumberoffossilgroups,suggestthatepisodesofincreasedextinctionhaverecur