六级经典词汇用法重点讲解

六级经典词汇用法重点讲解（一）able后面可以接todo,in,for，但是不能接oftoenablesbtodo(sth)使...能做todisablesbfromdoingsth使...不能做beabsorbedin…全神贯注于...Sheiscompletelyabsorbedinherbook.她在专心致志地看书.beabundant/richinsth...丰富，富于...；anabundanceof大量的，丰富的，其后可以接可数或不可数名词，但是总体是当一个可数单数形式使用；Thetreeyieldsanabundanceoffruit.这树结果甚多。inabundance丰富，充裕；Buttodaythedelectableseafoodisnolongeravailableinabundance.但是今天这种可口的海味已不再大量存在。maketheacquaintanceofsb=makesb'sacqjaintance主要表示结识，做—短暂的动词Imadehisacquaintancetwoyearsago.Acquaint有两个例句Ihaveacquaintedmyselfwiththeircustoms.Ihavebeenacquaintedwiththeircustoms.beactiveinwork工作积极activity意思是活跃，所以activityintrade商业活跃；其复数activities才表示种种活动campusactivities校园活动By/throughagencyof经...介绍，通过...之手；place/putsthontheagenda把某事提到日程上来Agitationfor/against:agitationagainstthebigdepartmentstores煽动反对大百货公司womenleadingtheagitationforequalrights为争取男女平等而带头辩论的妇女们。add既是及物动词，也是不及物动词，在表示添加，加的时候add…to…把...加到...上是及物动词，在表示增添increase的时候是一个不及物动词addto，Thebadweatheraddedtoourdifficulties.Inaddition二aswell；inadditionto=aswellas,besides此外，除此之外advancegrowth促进增长；haveanadvantageover胜过，优于；Amanwhocanthinkwillalwayshaveanadvantageoverothers.能动脑子的人总是会胜过别人。Takeadvantageof因利乘便，趁机，利用apersonwhoisgullibleandeasytotakeadvantageof.易受骗并且容易利用的人adventure是一个名词，主要指一些使人心振奋，寻求刺激性的冒险；venture是动词也是名词，主要指生命危险或经济风险；thebusinessventureNothingventure,nothinggain.不入虎穴，焉得虎子take(give)one'sadvice接受(给与)忠告或建议，advice是不可数名词advise和advisable后面的that从句都要使用should的虚拟语气Iadvisethathe(should)leavenow.Itisadvisablethathe(should)leavenow.makeallowance(s)for=allowfor考虑到，顾及，体谅，原谅Youshouldmakeallowanceforhisyouth=Youshouldallowforhisyouth.alternately轮流地；alternatively另一方面，要不然Itmayhavebeenbecauseoftheweather,oralternativelyitmayhavebeentheresultofindigestion.Bealiento与...不相容，与性质不同Crueltywasquitealientohisnature/tohim.残忍的行为与他的本性［与他］格格不入。beangrywithsb生某人的气；beangryat/aboutsth因某事生气；beangry生气（状态）；getangry发怒（动作）anger既是动词也是名词，inangerHehittheboyinanger.他生气而揍了这小子.judgebyappearance从外表上判断answerfor对...负有责任Youmustanswerforhersafety.Swear的过去式，过去分词是swore，sworn，其在做宣誓，发誓的时候使用swearto...Hesworetokeepthesecret.Swear在做诅咒，咒骂的时候，使用swearat...Shesworeattheboy.（二）attheapproachof…随着...的临近arguewithsbabout/onsth与...争论；arguethat…主张；argue/reason/talksbinto（outof）doingsthWewouldliketoarguethatthisisnotthecase.我们试图论证情况并非如此.bealarmedat心慌Shewasratheralarmedattheproposal.她听到这个建议，有点心慌.Alarm是向...报警，所以dial110toalarmthefirebrigaderangeinagefrom21to70年龄从21岁到70岁不等a（wide）rangeof:各种各样的；torangerover论及，涉及Hisstudiesrangeoverseverallanguages.他的研究涉及数种语言.Peopleofallranks社会各阶层人士；rankamong属于...之列FirelossesintheUnitedSatesrankamongthehighestintheworld.美国火灾损失之大居于世界最前列.Rank...as把...看做WheredoyourankWordsworthasapoet你将华兹华斯列为哪一等诗人makeanattackon…攻andJoshuaandallIsraelwithhimwentontomakeanattackonDebir;约书亚和以色列众人回到底璧，攻打这城，haveanattackof（…病）发作He'sgettingoninyearsandhishealthisn'tallthatgood;itwouldbestrangeif'hedidn'thaveanattackofcerebralhaemorrhage."依他那样的身体，又上了年纪，若不患脑充血，那就当真是怪事一桩Beattachedto附属于，依恋于Noblameisattachedtohisbehavior.他的行为无可指责.Sheisdeeplyattachedtoheryoungbrother.她深爱她的小弟弟.Detach…from…Aboywouldslowlydetachhimselffromthegang.一个孩子就慢慢地从这个帮伙中退出去.attendance和audience在谈及多少的时候用large或smallattendant作为形容词意思是伴随的，随之而来的，theattendantdifficulties随之而来的困难attendtoone'sbusiness专心于事业，办些事情（就我查的例句来看，并不表示专心于事业，而只是办些事情）MrFogghadsixteenhoursinwhichtoattendtohisbusinessthere,whichwastodepositAoudasafelywithherwealthyrelative.福克先生还可以有十六小时来办一些自己的事情，也就是说替艾娥达夫人找那位亲戚.authority的复数authorities才表示当局，官方theauthoritiesconcerned有关当局anauthorityon在...方面的权威HeisanauthorityonEnglish.Authorityover对...人的凌驾Chineseparentshavemoreauthorityovertheirchildren.avenge为...报仇.报...之仇Heavengedhisfather'snurder.Revenge既是名词也是动词Wewillavenge/revengeourselvesontheenemy.Wewilltakeourrevengeontheenemy.avoid/escape+doing；bevoid/devoidofcommonsense缺乏常识；void既是名词也是形容词一是是空的，无效的；devoid是一个形容词意思是空无的，缺乏的只能做表语Tobarsbfromdoing=preventsbfromdoingbase主要做具体的基础，basis主要做抽象的基础，其复数是basesthebaseofabuilding建筑物的基础，theeconomicbasis经济基础basicprinciple基本原则haveabearingon=haveconnectionwith与...有关Attentionshouldbecentredonthelinksthathaveabearingonthesituationasawhole.应该注意那些涉及全局的重要关节combat是一个及物动词，battle是名词也是动词，但是是一个不及物动词;所以AcombatB二AbattlewithB；debate既是名词也是动词；holdadebateon举行一次对...问题的辩论accuse指控，指责accusesbofdoingsth；blamesbfordoingsth；blamesthon/ontosbexcusesbfor原谅某人（做某事）；ecusesbfrom使某人免除，允许某人不（做某事）（三）onend接连地1hreedaysonend;meansandends目的与手段Doyouthinkthattheendjustifiesthemeansbehavior和conduct都是不可数名词hinder有两个意思，如果是做阻止则用介词from，如果表示妨碍，则使用介词intohinderhimfromgoing阻止他前往；tohinderhiminhiswork妨碍他工作circumstance的复数才表示境遇，经济情况；gettoknowthecircumstance了解情况underthecircumstances在此情况下，既然如此；undernocircumstances在任何情况下都不—用于句首的时候主语和谓语中的助动词都要倒装boardandlodging膳宿（费）HowkindofBilltogetourboardandlodgingready.约翰真好,给我们安排好了食宿.Hepays40aweekboardandlodging.他每周支付膳宿费40英镑.goblind失明；beblindto对...视而不见；Loveisblind爱情是盲目的；Heisblindinthelefteye.breakthepeace扰乱治安；breachofthepeace对治安的扰乱（breach是—名词）abroadmind宽广豁达的胸怀；athomeandabroad国内外；goabroad出国；spreadabroad传播地很广；chainbroadcast联播；relaybroadcast转播buryoneselfin（doing）sth专心致力于（做）...（但是按照例句查找，还有使自己沉浸于某地，埋没于某地的意思）Nowhecouldnotburyhimselfinthosethoughts.现在他静不下心来想这些事.Itisaskingmuchofawealthymantocomedownandburyhimselfinaplaceofthiskind...要想使—位有钱的人屈尊埋没在这样—个地方，确实有点说不过去recalI表示经过一番努力后想起‘remember表示自然而然想起；remindsbofsth；recallsthtosbThepictureremindsmeofmyschooldays.Thepicturerecallsmyschooldaystome/mymind.reconcile可以指使和好，使和解，使协调一-1couldn‘treconcilethetwo.Reconcile在表示意思使顺从于，使甘心于的时候要加介词toIcan‘treconcilemyselftosuchatheory.Counsel既是名词也是动词，较advice更为正式，不过两者都是不可数名词；Give/offercounse丨提出忠告；Hecounseledstartingearlier.Keepone‘sowncounse-l--将意见（或计划）保密，不相信别人Allwehavegottodois,tokeepourowncounsel,andremainperfectlyquiet,notbreathingawordtoanylivingsoul;只要我们自己保守秘密，不声不响的，对这件事不去对别人泄露—个字就得了.Takecounseltogether共同商量Wetakecounseltogetherastowhichcourseshouldbeadopted.我们共同商量该采取什么方针.（四）onthecampus注意是on，也注意campus的拼写trytogetinformationfromvariouschannels多渠道获得信息capable+of;capabilityof/for；Heisamanofgreatcapability.他是个大有作为的人escape是—及物动词也是—名词，所以escapedeath死里逃生；haveanarrowescapefrom...幸免于（难）Unexpectedly,thissoldiercouldhaveanarrowescapefromdeath.这个战士能够死里逃生，是人们没有想到的.Escape+doing:Wewereluckytoescapebeingpunished.我们很幸运，没有受罚Betakencaptive被俘Capacity指接受上，理解上的能力Hehasgreatcapacityoflearninglanguage.accuse…of；charge…with；chargethat…；accuse后不可以接that从句TheyaccusedJimofmurder.TheychargedJimwithmurder.TheychargedthatJimhadcommittedmurder.Dischargesbfromobligation解除责任"LossofordamagetothegoodsaftertheriskhaspassedtotheBuyerdoesnotdischargehimfromhisobligationtopaytheprice，unlessthelossordamageisduetoanactoromissionoftheseller."货物在风险移转到买方承担后遗失或损坏，买方支付价款的义务并不因此解除，除非这种遗失或损坏是由于卖方的行为或不行为所造成.curesbofadisease治愈某人的疾病You'llnevercurehimofhismeanness;it'sinhisbones.你决不可能治好他那小气的毛病，他本性就是如此.Treatsbforadisease治疗某人的病WhenItreatapatientforpneumonia.要是我将—病人作为肺炎患者来治疗.Asecurelife无忧无虑的生活；feelsecureabout…对...感到放心Theorganizationalsosaysexporterscanfeelsecureabouttheopennessofforeignmarkets.并宣称出口商可对外国市场的开放度放心.incase+从句：假使，万—Taketheraincoatincaseitrains.带着雨衣,以防下雨.Incaseof+单词或短语:假使，如果发生，防备Incaseofnondelivery,returntothesender.如无法投递，则归还寄件人.Inthecaseof就...而言Thisistrueinthecaseofthearmyandtheorganization.以军队和企业来说确实是如此.Casualtyinsurance:灾害保险；onthisoccasion在这个场合下；ontheoccasionof…值...之际8becautiousof/about表示注意，小心语气比careful强烈；Heiscautiousoftellingsecrets.=Heiscautiousnottotellsecrets.Caution既是动词也是名词；takecautionagainst:提防；cautionsbagainstdoingsth=cautionsbnottodosth警告某人别做某事Takeprecautionagainst预防Totakesevereprecautionagainstsmuggling严防偷漏hide/concealsthfromsbHetriedtoconcealthetruthfromme.changesthintosth将...变成...；changesthfor…以..换...；inexchangefor以交换...Togivemoneyinexchangeforgoodsorservices.付款为商品或服务而付款exchange…for以...换取...‘exchange…withsbforsth—和（某人）换...weakcharacter脆弱的性格；winningpersonality吸引人的个性（五）pickandchooseDon'tpickandchoose,buttakewhat'sgiventoyou.Choosetodo情愿做...1choosetolearnfromit.我选择从中吸取教训.Havenochoicebut（todo）除...外别无他法，不得不Ifyoupresstoohard,theywoulchavenochoicebuttoapplyforbankruptcy.你逼急了，它就只好破产.500B.C公元前500年;A.D.500公元500年civilservants文职人员；urban城市的urbane有礼貌的，文雅的；rural乡村的rustic土气的，粗俗的claim既是名词也是动词Itisclaimedthat…有人说，据说，据称Itisclaimedthatmorepetroleummaybepreservedinstratigraphicthaninstructuraltraps.有人主张，地层圈闭也许比构造圈闭存有更多的石油.Exclaimagainstinjustice鸣不平Widowsexclaimloudlyagainstsecondmarriages.寡妇们大声非议再婚Proclaim是一个及物动词，其主语只能是权力机关或政府领导proclaimwar宣战；proclaimalaw宣布法律classic意思是一流的，最上等的；classical才是||古典的find(meet)one‘smatch找(遇)到对手clean还可以做副词意思是干二净地，完全地；Sorry,Icleanforgot.cleanly意思是||清洁地，干净利落地||clear还有批准的意思，同样的clearance也可以做批准的名词Theplanetooloffassoonasitwascleared.Theplanetookoffassoonasitgotclearance.Getclearance(forsth)(为...)获得许可，批准Theygotclearancefortheirplanandstartedtoreclaimvaluablerawmaterialsfromindustrialwastewater.计划得到批准，他们开始从工业废水中回收有价值的原料.Analyzethesituationwithclarity透彻地分析形式declare的例句;Hedeclaredthatitwastrue.=Hedeclaredittobeture.beinsb.'sclutches在某人掌握之下；fallintotheclutchesof遭［逃脱］...的毒手；陷入［摆脱］...的控制；falloutoftheclutchesof遭［逃脱］...的毒手；陷入［摆脱］...的控制；getintotheclutchesof遭［逃脱］...的毒手；陷入［摆脱］...的控制；getoutoftheclutchesof遭［逃脱］...的毒手；陷入［摆脱］...的控制exclusiveo仁excluding不计...在内exclusiveofallotherexpenses除去其它一切费用不算exclusiveto为...所独享，独有ATMpopularizedtheconc