选修7Unit4Sharing：Grammar定语从句复习

Unit4SharingGrammar昨天我们看见的女孩是Mary.住在我们隔壁的男士卖蔬菜ThegirlisMary.ThegirlisMaryThemansellsvegetableThemansellsvegetable.定语从句的定义一个从句修饰_________一般放在被修饰词的_____翻译时____________WesawthegirlyesterdayWesawthegirlyesterdaythat

Themanlivesnexttous(Theman)livesnexttousthat名词代词之后常常翻译为…的，修饰先行词Theman

wholivesnexttoussellsvegetables.先行词定语从句所修饰的名词或代词关系词引导定语从句代替先行词在定语从句中担当一个成分定语从句修饰名词或代词紧跟在先行词后()学会找出先行词关系词定语从句Haveatry1.ThemanwhocametoourschoolisMr.Wang.2.Ilikethebookwhichyouboughtyesterday.3.Thehousewherehelivesneedsrepairing.4.Istillrememberthedaywhichwespenttogether.

先关()先先先关关关()()()结构：先行词＋关系词＋从句定语从句分类定语从句TheRestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定语从句TheNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClause非限制性定语从句类别意义功能形式关系代词限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句起限定作用。若省略，原句意义不完整。起补充说明作用。若省略，原句意义不受影响。修饰先行词修饰先行词/整个句子无逗号隔开有逗号与主句隔开有that无that限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别作宾语时可以省略不可以省略修饰名词或者代词的句子就叫做定语从句，作用相当于一个形容词。引导定语从句的关联词有：定语从句关系代词：that，who,whom,whose,which关系副词：when,where，why指代内容所做成分是否可省略thatwhichwhowhomwhose关系代词的用法人；物物人人(人/物)的主语,宾语主语,宾语主语,宾语宾语定语作宾语可省作宾语可省作宾语可省可省不可省

二、关系代词和关系副词的作用：

1.由who，whom，whose引导的定语从句这类定语从句中who用作主语，whom作宾语，whose作定语指人。

Thisisthemanwhohelpedme.

这位是帮过我的那个人。TheDoctorwhomyouarelookingforisintheroom.

你找的那位大夫在屋里。

DoyouknowthemanwhosenameisLiuXiang?

你认识那个叫刘翔的人吗？2.which引导的定语从句

这类从句只能指物，which在从句中作主语或谓语动词或介词的宾语。

Thisisthebookwhichyouwant.

这就是你要的那本书。

Thebuildingwhichstandsneartheriverisourschool.河边的那栋楼是我们学校。

Theroominwhichthereisamachineisaworkshop.

有机器的房间是车间。

1)whom，whose，which作介词宾语时，介词一般可放在它们之前,也可放在从句原来的位置上,在含有介词的动词固定词组中,介词只能放在原来的位置上。eg:Thisisthepersonwhomyouarelookingfor.

这位就是你在找的那个人。

2)引导非限定性定语从句时,关系代词往往用which,不用that。

eg:Ihavelostmybook,whichIlikeverymuch.注意！3.由that引导的定语从句

that在定语从句中可以指人或物，在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语。但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语。

TheletterthatIreceivedwasfrommyfather.

我收到的那封信是我父亲写给我的。★围绕高考来释难一、1、Doyouhaveanything__youwanttosayforyourself?2、Thisistheverybook__I’mlookingfor.3、Thisisthebest__hasbeenusedagainstpollution.只用that的情况练！1.当先行词是不定代词allmuch.little.something.everything.anything.nothing.none.theone时2.当先行词前面有the

only.any.few.little.no.all.very等词修饰时3.当先行词是形容词最高级或它的前面有形容词最高级修饰时注意！4、WhatisthefirstAmericanfilm__youhaveseen?5、Iknowthethingsandpersons__hereferredto.6、Whichisthebike__youlost?7、Theysecretlybuiltupasmallfactorywhichproducedthings___

couldcausepollution4.当先行词是序数词或它前面有序数词修饰时5.当先行词既有人又有物时6.当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时7.有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用which，另外一个宜用that代替物的关系代词有______和________英语中在特殊的情况下只用that

或whichAll_____wesawinthefactorygreatlyinterestus.Weweretalkingaboutthepersonsandthings____weremembered.Itistheveryskirt____suitsme.Whoever____isthecontentwithlittleprogresscan’tmakebigachievementsHeisnolongertheman___heusedtobeThefirstEnglishclass___Ihaveisinteresting.thatwhich都填that(1)当关系代词前有介词时Therearemanytreesunder______theycanhavearest.(2)在非限制性定语从句中Football,

______isaverypopulargame,isplayedallovertheworld.(3)当先行词本身是that时

That______iswelldoneistwicedone.一次做得好等于做两次（4）当关系代词后有插入成分时

Ihavereceivedyourletter______,asIhavetoldyou,isbadlyneededbythepress.一般用which而不用that的情况。whichwhichwhich二、which哪些情况只用whichIlistentotheradioeveryday,_____benefitsmyEnglish.Thehousein____theylivedlastyearhasbeenrebuilt.Hereferredmetosomereferencebooks______whichIamnotveryfamiliar.Thisisourclassroom,_______________thereisateacher’sdesk.Heistheman____whomIthinkyoucandepend.Which能代替整个句子引导非限制性定语从句wherewithinfrontofwhichwhichwhichon4.由when，where，why引导的定语从句。

Iknowthereasonwhyhecamelate.

我知道他为什么来晚了。

Thisistheplacewherewelivedfor5years.

这就是我住过五年的地方。IwillneverforgettheDaywhenImetMr.Li.

我永远也忘不了遇到李先生的那天。

先行词是表示地点时，有时用where，有时用that（which）引导定语从句。这时要看从句的谓语动词是及物动词还是不及物动词。如果是及物动词就用that(which)，否则用where。

Thisisthehousewherehelivedlastyear.

这就是我去年住的房子。

Thisisthehousethat(which)hevisitedlastyear.

这就是我去年去过的房子。注意事项：关系代词和关系副词在定从中的不同成分。5.由as引导的定语从句

as可作为关系代词和关系副词来引导定语从句。

1.such…as…“像…一样的”、“像…之类”

thesame…as…“和……同样的

注：在这两个句型中,as是关系代词，其中such，same做定语，修饰主句的名词、代词，这个名词是这个定语从句的先行词，as在从句中担任主、宾、表。

Thisisthesamethingasweareinneedof.Suchpeopleasyousayareshortnow.注意！

2.…suchas…such为代词，意思为“这样的人/物”，as修饰先行词such。

eg:ThisbookisnotsuchasIhope.3.thesame…as…/thesame…that…“同一个”

asthat都引导定语从句。意思几乎相同。但从句中省去谓语是必须用as.

eg:Sheisthesameageasyou/thatyouare.

4.…,as…“有些”在这里，as引导非限定性定语从句，相当于which引导的非限定性定语从句，有时可互换。

HeisfromBeijing,as/whichtheyknowfromthewayhespeaks.

Exercises1.IwasborninNewOrleans,Louisiana,acity______namewillcreateapictureofbeautifultreesandgreengrassinourmind.(2009湖南)A.which B.ofwhich C.that D.whose2.Shebroughtwithherthreefriends,noneof___Ihadevermetbefore.(2009全国I)A.themB.whoC.whomD.theseChoosethebestanswer.3.Aperson______e-mailaccountisfullwon’tbeabletosendorreceiveanye-mails.(2009天津)A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.whoever4.Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething____wassomeoneelse’sfault.(2010全国II).A.whoB.thatC.asD.what5.Thenewlybuiltcafé,thewallsof_______arepaintedlightgreen,isreallyapeacefulplaceforus,speciallyafterhardwork.(2010江苏)A.thatB.itC.whatD.which6.That’sthenewmachine_____partsaretoosmalltobeseen.(2010山东)A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.what用适当的关系代词填空。1.Willyoupleaselendmetheverybook_____youboughtyesterday?2.Thisisthehousein_____heoncelived.3.Theboywith____Johnspokeismybrother.4.Theonlything____Icanrememberisthebigfire.5.Thebuilding_____walliswhiteismyuncle’shouse.thatwhichwhomthatwhoseReadtheletteraboutvisitingTombe’shomeagainandunderlinethesentenceswhichcontainrestrictiveattributiveclauses.AnswerkeyforExercise1onPage33:1…soI’veincludedsomephotoswhichwillhelpyoupicturetheplacesItalkabout.2Theboyswhohadnevercomeacrossanythinglikethisbeforestartedjumpingoutofthewindows.3…andIdidvisitavillagewhichisthehomeofoneoftheboys…4…firstupamountaintoridgefromwherewehadfantasticviews…5TheonlypossessionsIcouldseewereonebroom…1.Imadethejarwhich__________________________2.Paintingisanactivitythat_____________.herbirthday.IgaveherforenjoyIreally2Completeeachsentencewithyourownwords.SuggestedanswerstoExercise2onPage33:3.Theinterpretertowhomyou____________isonholiday.4.Themanwho_____________________________isadoctor.5.Thewomanwhosedaughter__________________isoverthere.needtotalkjustmarriedmybestfriendhasIwenttoschoolwith6.Theschoolwhereyou_______________hasbeenimproved.7.Anneisdoingsomeresearchonthetimewhenher______________________.studiedlastyeargrandmotherwasachild8.Thereasonwhyhe_________________wasthathewaswatchinganinterviewofthefirstChineseastronautonTV.waslateforschool1.I’dliketohaveafriend________________.2.I’dliketogotoaplace__________________________________.Icantrustwhomtherearemountainsforaholidaywhere3Answerthefollowingquestionsusingattributiveclauses.

SuggestedanswerstoExercise3onPage33:3.Thestory_____________________isHarryPotter.4.I’dliketolearntoplaythemusicalinstrument_________________________.5.Thereason___________________________wasthatIhadaterribleheadache.thatIenjoymostwhich/which/thathavesixstringswhyIdidn’tfinishmyhomework6.Sheismarriedtoaperson____________________________________.7.Iparticipatemostofteninbadmintonclasses___________________________._________________8.I’llneverforgettheday__________________________.whom

shehasbeenwritingforyears

towhich/thatourschoolcoachholdsonTuesday.

stayedinthecountrywhenweAnswerkeyforExercise4onPage33:1alargebrushwhichhasalonghandleforsweeping2acontainerwhichismadeofglass3acontainerwhichismadeofmetal4abookwhichisusedforstudyinginschool5astructurewhichcoversabuilding6aflatframewhichismadeofmetalonacookerwithstrongdirectheatbelow7apersonwhosejobistomakeyouunderstandwhatpeoplearesayinginanotherlanguage8aplantinthegardenwhichyoudon’twantAnswerkeyforExercise1onPage72:1.Alicehadaarrangedmarriage.2.Theotherdaythecryingbabygavemeaheadache.Alicehadamarriagewhichwasarrangedforher.Theotherdaythebabywhowascryinggavemeaheadache.3.Theangleoflightonthatfascinating

photographledtoitwinningfirstprizeinacompetition.4.Thenumberofendangeredanimalsincreas