新概念英语第二册Lesson55知识点详解讲义

LESSON55Part1.词汇脱口秀Mine n.采矿1）矿我们常常听到的矿：煤矿coalmine铜矿：coppermine银矿：silvermine金矿：goldmineGoldhasbeenminedforthousandsofyears. 【注意：mine开采】Howmuchgoldisthereintheworld?Itisestimatedthatover190,000tonnesofgoldhasbeenminedthroughouthistory.AccordingtoWarrenBuffett,oneoftheworld'sbestinvestors,thetotalamountofgoldintheworld---thegoldaboveground,couldfitintoacubewithsidesofonlyabout20m(67ft).猜猜landmine是什么？Alandmineisabombburiedinthegroundthatexplodeswhensomeonewalksordrivesoverit.Theinternetisamineofinformation.Thewebsiteisamineofinformationaboutallkindsofbooks.datamining是什么？Dataminingcanbeusedtoanalyzecustomers'shoppinghabits.Datamininghasbecomeveryimportantintheinformationage.treasure注：作为宝藏的统称，为不可数名词。buriedtreasure[=treasurethathasbeenburied]sunkentreasure【=treasurethatissunken】hiddentreasure【treasurethathasbeenhidden】或losttreasure什么是：treasure-hunting,Treasurehunters？Treasurehuntersarethosewhohuntforlosttreasure.体会一下：为啥用的动词是hunt，而不是lookfor/search？(尤指艺术品和有历史价值的物品)【可数】注：作为珍宝解释，为可数，因为指具体的珍贵物品。TheLouvremuseumisfullofarttreasures.anationaltreasure造句：InChina,giantPandasareviewedasnationaltreasures.珍藏；珍惜，珍视 （字面意思：把一个东西当做珍宝）Ifyoutreasuresomethingthatyouhave,youkeepitorcareforitcarefullybecauseitisveryspecial,important,orvaluabletoyou.Itreasurethefriendshipbetweenus.Itreasuremymemoriesofcollegelife.revealern.探测器revealv.Reveal=makesthknown 揭露，透露为啥，reveal有这个意思呢？原来：re-这个前缀除了“again”还可以表示“opposite”(反向动作),-veal相当于“veil”（盖在头上的）面纱.场景造句：Thelocalnewspaperrevealedasecrettothepublic.Butsomepeoplearguedthatthenewspaperdidn’trevealthetruth.Asurveyhasrevealedthatagrowingnumberofpeopleareaddictedtotheinternet.255课中的revealer为啥表示探测器？invent 发明Toinventistomake,design,orthinkofanewtypeofthing.Simplyput(简而言之),toinventistocreatesomethingnew.ThomasEdisoninventedthelong-lasting,practicalelectriclightbulb.ThomasEdisonhasbeenconsideredtobeAmerica'sgreatestinventor.AlexanderGrahamBellinventedthetelephonein1876.SteveJobs：TodayAppleisgoingtoreinventthephone.FourGreatInventionsTheFourGreatInventionsofAncientChinainclude:Compass,Gunpowder,PapermakingandPrintingThenewgreatinventionsinChinainclude:high-speedrailway,onlineshopping,mobilepaymentandsharingbikes.Actuallynoneofthese“fournewinventions”wasinventedinourcountry,butChinahasachievedtheleadingpositioninthesefourareas.invent，注意使用的时候“引申义”Hejustinventedthe=Hejustmadeupthestory.Whenyouinventastoryorexcuse,youtrytomakeothersbelieveitistruebutactuallyitisnot.pirate海盗《PiratesoftheCaribbean》：pirateship那么为啥pirate表示海盗？Pirate这个词来自于拉丁语：pirata，意思是“searobber”Piratesrefertosailorswhoattackothershipsandstealpropertyfromthem.Piracyhasexistedsincepeoplestartedtosailacrosstheoceansforcommerce.听：theVikings是指谁？斯堪的纳维亚半岛ScandinaviaTheVikingswereScandinavianpeoplewhosailedinshipstoattackareasalongthecoastsofnorthernandwesternEuropefromthe8thtothe11thcenturies.ThisperiodhasbecomeknownastheVikingAge.盗版的：piratebooks/software或：piratedbooks/softwarePiracyn.盗版Piracydiscouragesinnovation.armArms除了手臂，还表示什么意思？Thepolicesearchedthehouseforillegalarms.army为啥表示军队？armv.表示“武装”用法：bearmedwith....用....武装，装备Thepolicearearmedwithguns.armedpolicearmedrobberarmedrobberyThecarisarmedwiththelatesttechnologies.精彩表达：bearmedtotheteethThesoldierswerearmedtotheteeth.Withherelaborategownandmakeup,Marywasarmedtotheteethforherfirstshow.worthadj.1)Worthadj.值得...用法1：....值多少钱sth.isworth+钱的数量Thefamouspaintingisworthaboutonemilliondollars.Butitscopyisworthonlytendollars.用法2：...值得做sth.isworthdoingsth.isworth+n.Thebookisworthreading.Thefilmisworthseeing.Thecourseisworthtaking.TheGreatisworthvisiting.TheGreatisworthavisit/trip.Theplanisworthtrying.=Theplanisworthatry.口语：Itisworthit!做某件事很值得=Itisworthdoing.ThoughlearningEnglishtakestime,itisworthit.Youhavetostayinschool.Youhaveto.Youhavetogotocollege.Youhavetogetyourdegree.Becausetheonethingpeoplecan'ttakeawayfromyouisyoureducation.Anditisworththeinvestment.---MichelleObama2）作为名词Worth=value用法：sth.isofgreatworth/value ....价值不菲Thediamondisofgreatworth/valueworthless=valuelessButifthediamondisfake,itisworthless.Worth还可以用来描述“有具体数量的价值”重要用法：如何表达“价值X美金的Y”（X为数量，Y是某个东西）XdollarsworthofY 【或：Xdollars’worthofY】Ijustbought500dollarsworthofbooks.Thewildfirecausedmillionsofdollarsworthofdamage.LESSON55Part2.句型精讲如何表示过去习惯？《新概念2》55课课文回放：“Themachinewasusedinacaveneartheseashorewhere--itissaid--piratesusedtohidegold.Thepirateswouldoftenburygoldinthecaveandthenfailtocollectit.”语言点1：如何表示过去的习惯 usedto VS would《新概念2》31课中，我们曾强调：*usedto的思维：Ifsomethingusedtohappen,ithappenedregularlyorallthetimeinthepast,butdoesnothappennow.Mydadusedtorunthemarathon.【Butmydaddoesn’trunthemarathonnow.】Heusedtobeanexcellentmarathonrunner.【也就是说Butheisnotnow.】*would的思维：“would”canbeusedtoindicatepasthabitsWhenIwasakid,mymotherwouldgetupat6o’clockinthemorningandmakebreakfastforus.Afterbreakfast,shewouldsendmetoschoolandthengotoafarmer’smarket.Onweekends,myparentswouldtakemeforawalkalongtheriverside.Andmydadwouldtellmealotofinterestingstoriesabouthiscollegelife.ItoldmydadthatIwouldstudyhardandgotothebestcollegeintheworld.这句的“wouldstudy”表达了什么含义？如何判断：would是表示“过去将来”还是“过去常常做的事”？关键看有没有线索表示出：would是“在过去，看将来”这样一个行为。思维上对比：【听记1】相同：would和usedto都可以表示： 不同：usedto还可以表示 如果语气上特别强调：“过去不等于现在”用 比如：Iusedtobeoverweight.不能说：Iwouldbeoverweight.Shenzhenusedtobeasmallfishingvillage.不能说：ShenzhenwouldbeasmallfishingvillageNowitisahuge,bustlingmetropolis.【bustlingadj.繁忙，热闹 为啥metropolis表示“大都市”？】2where引导的定语从句：where修饰的先行词是一个“地点”，where在定语从句中做“地点状语”对于where引导的比较复杂的定语从句：where念 】Themachinewasusedinacaveneartheseashorewhere--itissaid--piratesusedtohidegold.这句如何理解最好？Thestorewherethenewphonewasbeingsoldhadahugelineofpeopleoutsideit.复杂定语从句理解的重要技巧： 【听记3】WhereAhugelineofpeoplewerewaitingoutsidetheApplestorewherethenewiPhonewasbeingsold.【where=attheApplestore】强化：让句子“拥有好身材”的瘦身利器：分词状语《新概念2》55课课文分词状语经典句子回放：第一句：“Armedwiththenewmachine,asearchpartywentintothecavehopingtofindburiedtreasure.”给大家一个任务：如果不能用分词结构，这句话我们会如何表达？“Armedwiththenewmachine,asearchpartywentintothecavehopingtofindburiedtreasure.”还原Whileasearchpartywasarmedwiththenewmachine,itwentintothecaveandthesearchpartyhopedtofindburiedtreasure.小结：使用分词状语，有什么好处？【听记4】1) 2) 第二句：“Veryexcited,thepartydugaholetwofeetdeep.”解析：还原：=Asthepartywasexcited,thepartydugaholewhichwastoofeetdeep记住：Simplicityistheessenceofbeauty。模仿造句练习：Armedwiththelatesttechnologies,theself-drivingcarwastravellingslowlydowntheroad,catchingtheeyeofpassersby.=Whiletheself-drivingcarwasarmedwiththelatesttechnologies,itwastravelingslowlydowntheroadandcaughttheeyeofpassersby.Verysurprised,peoplelookedatthesuper-coolcar,shoutingandcheering.=Aspeoplewereverysurprised,theylookedatsuper-coolcar,andatthesametimetheywereshoutingandcheering.【听记答案】过去的习惯性动作；过去的状态；usedto在这里、在那里断句有美感；有效率LESSON55Part3.故事转述中英文逐句转述嗨，女士们先生们，你们喜欢寻宝么？Hey,Ladiesandgentlemen,doyouliketreasure-hunting?如果是的话，你应该认真听下面的内容。Ifyoudo,youshouldlistenverycarefullytothis:有一些专业的探宝人发明了一种神奇的机器,Agroupofprofessionaltreasure-huntershaveinventedamagicmachinecalled“TheRevealer”,whichcanaccuratelydetectgoldburiedintheground.他们非常确信，这个机器将会使寻宝变得更简单更高效。Theyareconfidentthatthismachinewillmaketreasure-huntingmucheasierandmoreefficient.【beconfidentthat...=besurethatIfyouareconfidentthatsomethingistrue,youaresurethatitistrue.】最近，一个寻宝队在一个海边的山洞里使用了这个机器，据说，海盗曾在这个地方藏金子但是后来没有去取走。Recentlyasearchpartyuseditinacaveneartheseashore,whereitissaidpiratesusedtohidegoldandbut(they)oftenfailedtocollectit.配备了最先进的技术，“探宝神器”开始在地面上工作了，它努力确定埋藏宝藏的位置。Armedwiththelatesttechnologies,theRevealerstartedtoworkontheground,tryingtolocatethepositionofburiedtreasure.突然，机器发出了“哔”的声音，这表示地下有金子。Suddenly,therewasaloudbeepcomingfromthemachine,whichindicatedthattherewasgoldundertheground.这个发现让寻宝队极其兴奋，他们很快挖了一个大概1米深的洞。Extremelyexcitedbythediscovery,thesearchpartyquicklydugaholearoundonemetredeep.他们发现了什么呢？Whatdidtheyfind?令他们很失望的是，他们只找到了一个几乎没有价值的小金币。Muchtotheirdisappointment,theyfoundnothingbutasmallgoldcoinwhichwasalmostvalueless.【nothingbut=only】当然，他们不会轻易放弃。Ofcourse,theywouldn’teasilygiveup.在彻底搜寻了整个山洞之后，他们的确发现了一个更大的东西。Aftersearchingthewholecavethoroughly,theydidfindsomethingbigger.【thoroughly=completely】是什么呢？Whatwasthat?只不过是一个空的铁皮箱。Itwasjustanemptytintrunk.【trunkn.大旅行箱tintinplate，俗称“马口铁”】尽管如此，这些寻宝人很乐观相信，探宝器能够很快找到一些有价值的东西。Despitethis,thesetreasurehuntersarestilloptimisticthattheRevealercanrevealsomethingofenormousvaluefairlysoon.【despite=inspiteofenormousadj.巨大的，极大的optimisticadj.乐观的；enormousadj.表示程度大fairlyadj.相当地（比very程度轻）=tosomeextentbutnotvery】可能，寻宝的快乐更在于寻找的过程本身，而不仅是宝藏的发现。Perhapsthepleasureoftreasurehuntingliesmoreintheprocessofhuntingitselfthaninthediscoveryoftreasure.全英文转述Hey,Ladiesandgentlemen,doyouliketreasure-hunting?Ifyoudo,youshouldlistenverycarefullytothis:Agroupofprofessionaltreasure-huntershaveinventedamagicmachinecalled“TheRevealer”,whichcanaccuratelydetectgoldburiedintheground.Theyareconfidentthatthismachinewillmaketreasure-huntingmucheasierandmoreefficient.Recentlyasearchpartyuseditinacaveneartheseashore,whereitissaidpiratesusedtohidegoldandbut(they)oftenfailedtocollectit.Armedwiththelatesttechnologies,theRevealerstartedtoworkontheground,tryingtolocatethepositionofburiedtreasure.Suddenly,therewasaloudbeepcomingfromthemachine,whichindicatedthattherewasgoldundertheground.Extremelyexcitedbythediscovery,thesearchpartyquicklydugaholearoundonemetredeep.Whatdidtheyfind?Muchtotheirdisappointment,theyfoundnothingbutasmallgoldcoinwhichwasalmostvalueless.Ofcourse,theywouldn’teasilygiveup.Aftersearchingthewholecavethoroughly,theydidfindsomethingbigger.Whatwasthat?Itwasjustanemptytintrunk.Despitethis,thesetreasurehuntersarestilloptimisticthattheRevealercanrevealsomethingofenormousvaluefairlysoon.Perhapsthepleasureoftreasurehuntingliesmoreintheprocessofhuntingitselfthaninthediscoveryoftreasure.文化点评 海盗真的喜欢藏宝么？--Island的故事Aburiedtreasureisanimportantpartofthepopularbeliefssurroundingp