高中英语2020届二轮复习语法专项连词教案

精选优质文档-----倾情为你奉上精选优质文档-----倾情为你奉上专心---专注---专业专心---专注---专业精选优质文档-----倾情为你奉上专心---专注---专业连词重难点分析连词是一种虚词，它不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接词与词、短语与短语以及句与句的作用。连词可以分为两类：并列连词和从属连词(引导各种从句的连词)。一、连词的用法归纳并列连词并列关系and,when(就在这时=andjustatthis/thattime),notonly…butalso,neither…nor,both…and转折关系but,while(而、尽管),yet,not…but选择关系or,either…or,otherwise,orelse(否则、要不然)因果关系for,so定语从句关系代词先行词是人who/that(主语),whom/that(宾语),whose(定语)注意：非限制性定语从句中不用that先行词是事或物which/that(主语或宾语),whose(定语)关系副词先行词是时间:when(状语)；先行词是地点:where(状语)；先行词是reason:why(状语)名词性从句连词that没有词义，不作句子成分，引导宾语从句时可省略；即句子的结构与意义完整时，填that连词if/whether意为“是否”，不作句子成分，引导宾语从句时，一般可互换，但在介词后或discuss后引导宾语从句时，只能用whether。但引导其他名词性从句时，一般也只能用whether连接代词有意义，作句子成分：who,whom,whose,which,what连接副词有词义，作句子成分：when,where,why,how状语从句时间状语when,while,as,before,after,once,till,until,since,everytime,themoment,hardly…when,nosooner…than,assoonas地点状语where,wherever(无论什么地方、不管哪里)条件状语if,unless(除非),as/solongas(只要),onconditionthat(如果),incase(如果、万一)原因状语because,since,as,nowthat(=since既然、由于)结果状语sothat(结果),so…that,such…that(如此……以至于……)目的状语sothat(为了、以便),inorderthat,incase(以防万一),forfearthat(以防、以免)让步状语although,though,as(状语或表语要提到as前，作表语的单数可数名词提前时，不用a),evenif,eventhough(即使),whether…or…(不管……还是),whoever(=nomatterwho),whatever(=nomatterwhat),whenever(=nomatterwhen),whichever(=nomatterwhich)比较状语than,as…as,notas…as,notso…as,thesame…as,such…as,themore…themore方式状语as(像、依照),asif,asthough(好像、仿佛)注意：定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句的详细讲解可见专题13、14、15。二、连词的使用难点与易错点归纳因为连词的种类非常多，有并列连词（连接并列句），有从属连词（引导复合句），而从属连词引导的从句又可分为三类：定语从句、状语从句和名词性从句。尤其应注意的是有些连词可引导不止一种从句，具有多重功能，这往往是学习的难点，也是易混点。难点回顾：1.as可引导多种从句，如时间状语从句、原因状语从句、让步状语从句、方式状语从句、比较状语从句以及定语从句。[误]Whichyoucansee,heisalwaysreadytohelpothers.[正]Asyoucansee,heisalwaysreadytohelpothers.解析：as引导非限制性定语从句，当“正像/正如”讲。[误]DolikeItoldyou.[正]DoasItoldyou.解析：like是介词；as是连词，在这里作“按照”讲，引导方式状语从句。[误]Hewasreadingthenhewaswalking.[正]Hewasreadingashewaswalking.解析：as强调两个动作同时进行，作“一边……一边……”讲。[误]Asheisyoung,heknowsalot.[正]Youngasheis,heknowsalot.解析：as引导的让步状语从句应用倒装语序，应把表语提前。2.that可引导多种从句，如定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句等。[误]Youdon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.[正]Thatyoudon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.解析：that引导主语从句，本身无实际意义，但不能省略。[误]Thethiefhandedeverythingwhichhehadstolentothepolice.[正]Thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolentothepolice.解析：everything是不定代词，因此后面的定语从句只能由that引导。[误]Iamhappyasyoupassedtheexam.[正]Iamhappythatyoupassedtheexam.解析：that在形容词后面引导宾语从句，不能用as。3.where可引导多种从句，如定语从句、状语从句以及名词性从句。[误]Gotofindyourwatch.It’stherewhereyouleftit.[正]Gotofindyourwatch.It’swhereyouleftit.解析：where引导表语从句，相当于attheplacewhere。[误]Theplacewherethereiswater,thereislife.[正]Wherethereiswater,thereislife.解析：where引导地点状语从句，可以放在主句的前面，也可以放在主句的后面。[误]Ican’trememberinwhichplaceImethim.[正]Ican’trememberwhereImethim.解析：where引导宾语从句，不能用inwhich。4.what可引导感叹句、特殊疑问句、名词性从句等。[误]Howaninterestingstoryhetoldus![正]Whataninterestingstoryhetoldus!解析：Whataninterestingstory！=Howinterestingastory！[误]Ican’trememberthethingwhathetoldme.[正]Ican’trememberwhathetoldme.解析：what引导宾语从句，相当于thethingthat。5.nomatter+what/who...与whatever/whoever...的区别：前者只能引导让步状语从句，而后者既可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。[误]Iwillmakefriendswithnomatterwhosharesmyinterest.[正]Iwillmakefriendswithwhoeversharesmyinterest.解析：引导名词性从句时只能用whoever。[误]Youmusthandinnomatterwhatyou’vefound.[正]Youmusthandinwhateveryou’vefound.解析：引导名词性从句时只能用whatever。6.whether和if的区别：两者引导名词性从句时都是从属连词，作“是否”讲，本身不作成分，此时句子中往往出现表示“不肯定”意义的一些短语，如notsure/certain,notknown/decided,...isstillquestion,dependon等。whether和if引导动词后的宾语从句时可互换，但下列情况一般只能用whether：(1)引导介词后的宾语从句；(2)引导主语从句；(3)引导表语从句；(4)引导同位语从句；(5)后面出现ornot。[误]Ifyoucanpasstheexamdependsonhowhardyouwork.[正]Whetheryoucanpasstheexamdependsonhowhardyouwork.解析：引导主语从句只能用whether。三、关联副词英语中有一类词，其作用和功能与连词有些类似，但又有区别，那就是关联副词。关联副词也是全国英语高考的考点之一，曾经出现过几次。这类题主要考虑前后逻辑意义的连贯，即重点考虑上下文意义的连贯，同时注意分析句中的时态等基础语法现象和相关词语的用法。做这类题，清楚地理解文章的来龙去脉和上下文意是最关键的！1.时间性副词由考查过的afewhourbefore/earlier可联想到，也许会考afewhoursago(几小时前),thenminuteslater(十分钟后),afterwards(后来),thedayafter(次日),thedaybefore(前一日),Ihadmethimbefore(在那之前我就见过他了),thanbefore(比以前),thanever(比以前),thaneverbefore(比以往任何时候),since(从那时以来),eversince(从那时起到现在),andthen(然后),tillthen(直到那时),bythen(到那时为止),justthen(就在那个时候),fromthenon(从那时期)等。2.逻辑性副词由考过的anyway(无论如何)可联想到，也许会考anyhow(=anyway无论如何、至少),however(然而),therefore(因此),thus(因此),besides(而且、还有、此外),though(可是、然而),too,also,instead等。考点练透一、完成句子在下列各句中填入一个适当的单词使句子完整通顺。1.ImetAlice,___________toldmethatshewaslearningChinese.2.Themanto___________ourheadmastertalkedjustnowisfromCanada.3.He___________hasamindtobeathisdogwilleasilyfindhisstick.4.Godhelpsthose___________helpthemselves.5.___________thereislifeonthemoonisaninterestingquestion.6.___________willwinthematchisstillunknown.7.Everythingdependson___________wehaveenoughmoney.8.Childrenwhoarenotactiveor___________dietishighinfactwillgainweightquickly.9.Hereareallmystory-books.Youcantake___________youlikebest.10.Shealwaysthinksof___________shecanservethecustomerswell.11.Hegotuptoolate.Thatis___________hecamelatetothemeeting.12.Anideacametohim___________hemightdotheexperimentinanotherway.13.Makeamark___________youhaveanydoubtsorquestions.14.Wordcame___________ourChinesewomenteamhadwonthegame.15.Heisnot___________hewasafewyearsago.16.Ourincomeisnowdouble___________itwastenyearsago.17.___________manyAmericansmovealot,theystillrecognizeeachother’sdialects.18.Shewaswalkingalongthestreet___________suddenlysomeonerobbedherofherhandbag.19.___________shehasmadeuphermind,nothingcanchangeit.20.Wewaited___________hefinishedhiswork.21.Nodecisionhasbeenmade,and___________thesituationremainsunclear.22.Carldidn’tstudylaw.___________,hedecidedtobecomeanactor.23.Itoldyoutoshutthedoor,youdidn’tshutis___________.24.Idon’tlikethiscoatand,___________,itcoststoomuch.25.Iunderstandyoursituationandtheproblemyouarefacingiscommonamongusteenagers.___________,itshouldbewisenottodoanythingthatmayhurtyourmother’sfeelings.二、语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheUnitedStates,asuperpowerwithashorthistorynomorethan200years,hasplayedandwillcontinuetoplayanactiveroleintheinternationalarena(舞台).Oneofthemostdistinguishingfeaturesofthiscountryisindependence.1theAmericanpeoplehavegreatvigor(活力)andenthusiasmwhileinthe2(pursue)offreedom.Theypridethemselvesontheirindependence,theirrighttomakeuptheirownminds.AlltheAmericanfolksarefirmlyconvincedthattheycouldn’tenjoylibertyforthemselves3theywerewillingtoshareitwitheveryoneelse4theyarecleartoknowtheirfreedomcouldn’tbetrulysafeunless5wereundertheprotectionofabodyoflawsthattreatedthem6(equal).TheAmericanpersonstendtobeego-centeredandtheyemphasizeontheirpersonalrights.Americanpeopleareapttospeakfranklyandtheyliketomakeeyecontact7(show)theyarelisteningcarefully.8theyarenotinfavorofanevent,theywillsay“no”absolutelyandiftheydon’tunderstandwhattheotherpeoplemean,theywillaskquestionsunlesstheyfigure9out.Whilesomeonecomplimentthem,theywillconsent(同意)10smilebysaying“thankyou”.助读词汇ego-centeredadj.自我为中心的folksn.人们featuren.特点pridevt.以……自豪libertyn.自由absolutelyadv.绝对地complimentvt.恭维distinguishingadj.显著的；有区别的abodyof大量的befirmlyconvincedthat坚定相信emphasizeon强调beaptto倾向于三、佳作欣赏下面是一篇摘自全国英语高考书面表达的范文，文中有许多精彩且灵活的语言表达，其中也包含有并列连词、从属连词和关联副词的使用，用心体会其用法。Toenrichthestudents’schoollife,ourschoolheldtheannualartweekinthefirstweekofDecember.Therewerevariousactivitiesincludingsinging,dancingonthestage,agameoftug-of-warontheplaygroundandsoon.Besides,thestudentsputwastepapertoartisticusebycoloringandcraftingsomethings,suchasflowers,cards,etc.ThemostattractivepartoftheartweekwasthatsomestudentsmadeamapofChinawithleaves.Therefore,thestudentsbenefitedalotfromtheseactivitiesassomeofthemshowedtheirhiddentalentsbysinging,dancing,drawing,madefriendsand,aboveall,theyfreedthemselvesfromendlesshomeworkandexams.参考答案考点练透一、单句填空1.who2.whom3.who