届往年高考英语(外研版)一轮复习练习必修4-1-Module1知能演练轻松闯关-Word版含解析

Ⅰ阅读理解A(2018·成都诊疗)Whatareyourretirementplans?Keepworking?Getmoreexercise?Orlearnsomethingnew?Youmayput__them__on__hold.There’sachancethat,soonerorlater,youmighthavetomovefurtherthanyouwerethinking,asfarasMars(火星)．OnThursday,NationalGeographicwillshowthefirsteverMarsshowhome,givingearthlingsanideaofwhattheirlifecouldlooklikeontheRedPlanet.Setinthenot-so-distantyearof2037,theigloo-shapedstructurecouldbethehomeofyourfuture.ItshowsahousebuiltusingrecycledspacecraftpartsandMartiansoil,calledregolith,whichhasbeenmicrowavedintobricks.Somepartsofthehomearerecognisable—kitchen,bedroom—buttherearefundamentaldifferencesthatarevitalforhumansurvival.AstheMartianatmosphereisaroundonehundredthasthickastheEarth’s,peoplewillneedpermanentshelterfromthesunandsocietywillmovelargelyindoors.Mostbuildingswillbeconnectedbyundergroundpassagesandthehouseswon’thavewindows.Thehomeswillhavesimulatedsolarlighting,ornaturallightthathasbeenbentseveraltimes.Wallswillneedtobe10to12feetthick,toprotectpeoplefromdangerousraysthatcanpassthroughsixfeetofsteel,andadoubleair-lockedentrancetokeepthehomeunderproperpressure.“Wedon’tthinkofourhousesasthingsthatkeepusalive,butonMarsyourhousewillbeasurvivalcentre，”saysStephenPetranek,authorofHowWe’llLiveonMars.Thisisnotjustthestuffofsci-fi.“TentotwentyyearsfromnowtherewillcertainlybepeopleonMars，”Petraneksays.“We’vehadthetechnologyfor30yearstolandpeopleonMars,butwehaven’thadthewill，”Petraneksays.“Buttwomainfactorshavecompletelyswungpublicattitudes”.Theprivatecompanies’participationhasforcedgovernmentagenciestouptheirgame,andinfluentialfilmssuchasGravityandTheMartianhavecaughtsociety’seye.【解题导语】本文主要对人类未来在火星上居住作了相关介绍。1．Whatcanweknowabouttheshowhomefromthetext?A．Ithasnowindowsordoorsduetosecurityconcern.B．Itsdesignpresentstheideaofenvironmentalprotection.C．Ithasthickwallskeepingthehomeunderproperpressure.D．Itsundergroundpassagesconnectallthebuildingstogether.解析：推理判断题。依照第三段的第一句可推知，火星样板房的设计采用了可回收的宇宙飞船上的一些部件，表现了环保意识，应选B。2．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“putthemonhold”inParagraph1probablymean?A．Putthemoff.C．Carrythemthrough.

B．Givethemaway.D．Takethemseriously.解析：词义猜想题。依照第一段的最后一句可推知，从前的列举都可能被搁置下来，而去火星居住早晚会成为可能，应选A。3．AccordingtoPetranek,whathasspeduptheprocessofsendingpeopletoMars?A．ThegreatinfluenceofMarsshowhome.B．Thedevelopmentofrelatedtechnology.C．Thecompetitionfromprivatecompanies.D．ThepopularityofinfluentialbooksonMars.C解析：细节理解题。依照最后一段的“Theprivatecompanies’participationhasforcedgovernmentagenciestouptheirgame”可知，Petranek认为一些个人企业的参加促进了送人类去火星居住这一设想的进度，应选C。4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．LivingonMars:PossibleorNotB．SendingPeopletoMars:YesorNoC．FirstEverShowHome:HowIsItMade?D．FutureHomeonMars:WhatWillItBelike?解析：标题归纳题。依照全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要对人类未来在火星上居住作了相关介绍，应选B

D。(2018·广州高三综合测试)Manypeoplewouldlovetoleavetheirjobsbehindandhavealife-changingadventureoverseas.Theyimaginelyingunderpalmtreesasthesungoesdown.However，lifeoverseasisnotalwayseasy，andmanyarenotpreparedfortheshockoflivinginanalienculture.ThehoneymoonperiodAtfirst，forthosewhoactuallydecidetomoveabroad，lifeisanexcitingadventure.Theyenjoyexploringtheirnewsurroundings，andlifeseemslikeanextendedholiday.Theydon’tmindtryingthelocalcuisineanddiscoveringthelocalculture.Theycanevenaffordtopractisetheirforeign-languageskillswithoutfearofmakingmistakes.TroubleinparadiseInmanycases，whenpeopleconsidermovingtoanothercountry，theyoftenfailtorealizehowdifferentlifewillbe.Astimegoesby，theybecomefrustratedwhenlanguageandculturalmisunderstandingsbecomeadailyheadache.Inthisstage，thevisitorsbegintowithdrawfromlifeinthehostcountryandavoidspendingtimewithlocalpeopleinfavourofmixingwithothersfromtheirownculturalbackground.TheroadtorecoveryGradually，mostvisitorsrealizetheymustacceptthedifferencesandnotfightagainstthem.Thischangeencouragesthemtoimprovetheirlanguageskillsandslowlytheymanagetodothethingstheycouldeasilydoathome，suchasopeningabankaccount.Thisnew-foundconfidenceenablesthemtoseeasideoflifewhichveryfewtouristsgettowitness.Adjustingtolifeabroadcanoftenbearealproblem.Thesecrettoovercomeitistostoptryingtochangeyourhostcountry.Ifnot，yourisklosingyourdreamandhavingtoreturntotheoldlifeyouwantedtoleavebehind.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。好多人因为喜欢冒险和研究，因此移居外国生活，但文化的差异和语言的不同样又使得他们很沮丧，因此作者建议移居外国的人最好能够学好当地语言以适应该地生活。5．Whydopeoplemovingabroadfeelexcitedatfirst?A．Theyfindforeignlivingmucheasier.B．Theyhavethenecessarylanguageskills.C．Theylovetheadventureandexploration.D．Theyenjoymeetingpeoplefromdifferentcultures.解析：细节理解题。该题问的是移居外国的人最初感到愉悦的原因。依照Thehoneymoonperiod部分第一、二句可知，因为他们喜欢冒险和研究，因此会感觉愉悦。应选C。6．Accordingtotheauthor，whatisthemainproblemmanypeoplemovingabroadface?A．Homesickness.B．Cultureshock.C．Healthproblems.D．Lackofemployment.解析：细节理解题。依照Troubleinparadise部分第二句以及联系本段内容可知，好多移居外国的人面对的主要问题是文化冲击。应选B。7．Whatwouldtheauthorsuggestpeoplemovingabroaddo?A．Studythelocallanguage.B．Goonholidaysfrequently.C．Learnhowtoopenabankaccount.D．Seekoutpeoplefromtheirhomecountry.解析：推理判断题。依照Theroadtorecovery部分第二句以及最后一段可知，作者建议移居外国的人学习当地的语言，这样才能够适应外国的生活。应选A。Ⅱ完形填空(2018·南昌十校模拟)WhenIwasyoung,likeyou,Ihadadream.Butmydreamwasn’tlikethatofan__1__kid.Itwastobethebesttennisplayer__2__simplythebest“female”oneintheworld.__3__，Ihadafamilyencouragingmetofollowmydream.Ilearnedhowimportantitisto__4__adreamandtodreambig.MyfightbeganwhenIwasthreeandIhaven’ttakena__5__since.Buttoooften,mostwomenarenotsupportedorare__6__fromchoosingtheirpath.Ihopeitcouldbechanged.Forme,itwasa__7__ofresilience(刚毅)．Whatothersmarkedas__8__aboutme—myrace,mygender—Iacceptedasfuelformysuccess.Ineverletanythingoranyone__9__me.Icontrolledmyfuture.Whenitcomestoequalpay,itfrustratesme__10__Iknowfirst-handthatgenderdifferencesexist.Iwould__11__wantmydaughtertobepaidlessthanmysonforthesamework.Womenhaveto__12__manybarrierstosuccess.Oneisthatweareconstantly__13__wearenotmen.Peoplecallmeoneofthe“world’sgreatestfemaleathletes”Why．don’ttheysayLeBronisoneoftheworld’sbestmaleathletes?Weshouldneverletthisgo__14__．Weshouldbejudgedbyourachievementsbutnot__15__．ForeverythingIhaveachieved，Iam__16__tohaveexperiencedthehighsandlowsthatcome__17__success.Ihopemystorywillbea(n)__18__forwomentofightfortheirdreams.Wemust__19__todreambig,andindoingso,weenablethenextgenerationofwomentobe__20__intheirpursuit.【解题导语】本文是一篇记述文。作者以自己的事为例呼吁全体女性勇敢追求成功，为争取性别同样而不懈努力。1．A.ambitious

B．excellentC．average

D．energeticC解析：依照“

Itwastobethebesttennisplayer

”以文内容特别是“Peoplecallme...Whydon’ttheysayLeBronisoneoftheworld’sbestmaleathletes？”可知，此处指作者说自己小时候的理想与一般孩子的是不同样的，

应选

average

“普通的，一般的

”。

ambitious

有“野心的，

有壮心的

”；excellent

“优秀的”；

energetic

“精力充分的”。2．A.insteadof

B．regardlessofC．otherthan

D．morethanA解析：结合本文主旨以及下文中的“

Peoplecallmeoneofthe

‘

world

’sgreatestfemaleathletes

’Why．don

’ttheysayLeBronisoneoftheworld’sbestmaleathletes？”可知，作者希望男女同样，因此作者在此重申的是自己的理想是做世界上最好的网球运动员，而不是最好的女网球运动员。insteadof“而不是”；regardlessof“无论，无论”；otherthan“除了”；morethan

“多于，超出”。3．A.Hopefully

B．FortunatelyC．Obviously

D．Generally解析：好运的是(Fortunately)，作者有激励她搜寻自己梦想的家人。此处亦与下文中的“Buttoooften,mostwomenarenotsupported...”形成比较。hopefully“有希望地”；obviously“明显地”；generally“宽泛地”。4．A.makeup

B．setupC．carefor

D．pushforD解析：依照下文中的“

Myfightbeganwhen...“

fight

”fortheirdreams”这可里知指，作者知道了为梦想而努力是多么重要。pushfor“为而努力，力争”。makeup“捏造，构成”；setup“成立，成立”；carefor“照顾”。5．A.riskB．leaveC．breakD．chance解析：作者从三岁时就开始为理想奋斗，自此从未中断。break“暂停，中断”，吻合语境。6．A.defendedB．excusedC．discouragedD．dismissed解析：但是平时，大多数女性不被支持，也许被阻拦去选择自己的道路。discourage“阻拦，阻挡”，吻合语境。defend“保卫，保护”；excuse“赞成免除”；dismiss“去除，摒除”。7．A.thoughtB．questionC．momentD．bonus解析：作者希望这种情况能够改变，在作者看来，这是相关“刚毅”的问题(question)。thought“想法”；moment“时刻”；bonus“不测收获，奖金”。8．A.disadvantagesB．concernsC．qualificationsD．personalities解析：依照下文中的“myrace,mygender”“Iacceptedasfuelformysuccess”可知，此处指被别人列为作者的劣势(disadvantages)的东西，比方她的种族，她的性别，作者将它们视为追求成功的动力。concern“担忧”；qualification“资格”；

personality“个性”。9．A.ignore

B．attackC．comfort

D．limitD解析：依照下文中的

“

Icontrolledmyfuture.

”可知，作者从不让任何事或任何人来限制自己，而是自己主宰自己的未来。limit“限制”，吻合语境。10．A.althoughB．becauseC．unlessD．if解析：当谈起同工同酬问题时，作者感觉烦忧，因为她自己亲身体验到性别差其他存在。解析句子结构可知，前后句之间是因果关系，且前面是果，后边是因。故用because。11．A.ever

B．evenC．never

D．just解析：依照语境可知，作者永远不希望看到干了同样的工作，女儿获取的酬金却比儿子的少。never“从不，绝不”。12．A.breakdown

B．takeafterC．layaside

D．putaway解析：为了获取成功，女性不得不打破好多阻拦。breakdown“打破，除掉”，吻合语境。takeafter“追赶，追踪”；layaside“保留备用，把放在一边”；putaway“猛吃，储存，把收起来”。13．A.informedB．remindedC．assuredD．criticized解析：其中一个阻拦就是总有人提示我们不是男性。remind“提示，使想起”，吻合语境。inform“通知，见告”；assure“使确信”；criticize“责备”。14．A.unchallengedB．unpunishedC．uncompletedD．uncontroll