人教版高中英语选修八Unit1知识点梳理()

英语选修八U1“词汇。单词California加利福尼亚（州） >△Californian加利福尼亚（州）人illustratevt.说明；阐明说明性日♦anillustratedtextbook有插图的课本illustratesthwithsth♦Hislecturewas川ustratedwithphotostakenduringtheexpedition. 他在演讲中使用了探险时拍摄的照片。«★tomakethemeaningofsthclearerbyusingexamples,pictures,etc.（用示例、图画等）说明，解释”♦To川ustratemypoint,letmetellyoualittlestory.为了说明我的观点，让我来给你们讲个小故事。d♦Lastyear'ssalesfiguresareillustratedinFigure2.图2显示了去年的销售数字。日★illustratehow,what,etc …w♦Here'sanexampletoillustratewhatImean.这儿有个例子可以说明我的意思。q♦Theincident川ustratestheneedforbettersecuritymeasures.这次事件说明了加强安全措施的必要。c★illustratethat表明…真实；显示…存在（toshowthatsthistrueorthatasituationexists）«拓展k>Referringtoachart,graphortable描述图或表事■ThisbarchartILLUSTRATEShowmanyjourneyspeoplemadeonpublictransportoverathree-monthperiod.»这个柱状图显示三个月期间人们乘坐公共交通往来的次数。心■ThistableCOMPARESbus,train,andtaxiusebetweenAprilandJune.这个表比较了四月至六月公交车、火车和出租车的使用情况。"■TheresultsARESHOWNinthechartbelow.上结果显示在下面的图表中。■Inthispiechart,thesurveyresultsAREBROKENDOWNbyage.内在这个饼分图中，调查结果按年龄划分。♦■ThispiechartBREAKSDOWNthesurveyresultsbyage..这个饼分图按年龄对调查结果进行分类。海■ASCANBESEENFROMtheseresults,youngerpeopleusebusesmorethanolderpeople.油从结果可以看出，年轻人比老年人乘坐公交车的频率更高。海■ACCORDINGTOthesefigures,bustravelaccountsfor60%ofpublictransportuse.游从这些数字看，乘坐公交车出行占公共交通使用率的 60%。,■FROMthedataintheabovegraph,ITISAPPARENTTHATbusesarethemostwidelyusedformofpublictransport.沁从上图的数据明显看出：公交车是公共交通中使用最广泛的类型。distinctadj.清晰的；明显的；明确的 >distinctionn.差别；区分；卓著1.easilyorclearlyheard,seen,felt,etc.清晰的;清楚的;明白的；明显的e-erewasadistinctsmellofgas.，有一股明显的煤气味。底<Hisvoicewasquietbuteverywordwasdistinct.d他说话声音不大，但字字清晰。2.clearlydi?erentorofadi?erentkind截然不同的;有区别的；不同种类的d<Theresultsofthesurveyfellintotwodistinctgroups.日调查结果分为截然不同的两组。日★distinctfromsth**JamaicanreggaemusicisquitedistinctfromNorthAmericanjazzorblues.日牙买加的雷盖音乐完全不同于北美的爵士乐或布鲁斯音乐。e.ruralareas,asdistinctfrommajorcities届完全不同于大城市的农村地区3[onlybeforenoun]usedtoemphasizethatyouthinkanideaorsituationdefinitelyexistsandisimportant 确定无疑的；确实的；确切的8.BeingtallgaveTonyadistinctadvantage.，托尼个子高是个明显的优势。°♦hadthedistinctimpressionIwasbeingwatched.d我确实感到有人在监视我。&<Astrikeisnowadistinctpossibility.W目前罢工确有可能发生。?distinctly-d♦distinctlyheardsomeonecallingme. 我清楚地听到有人在叫我。&<adistinctlyAustralianaccent明显的澳大利亚口音d♦Hecouldremembereverythingverydistinctly. 他什么事都能记得清清楚楚。闻immigratevi.移入（外国定居） >immigrationn.移民；移居入境一 >immigrantn.（从外国移入的）移民d★immigrate。。 \（from…）*tocomeandlivepermanentlyinacountryaerleavingyourowncountry（从外地）移居；移民日比较安emigrate（from-\（to…）立toleaveyourowncountrytogoandlivepermanentlyinanothercountry移居国外；移民straitn.海峡，生义aaverydi?icultsituationespeciallybecauseoflackofmoney （尤指经济拮据弓I起的）困境，境况窘迫*<Thefactoryisindirestraits. 工厂岌岌可危。后♦Shefoundherselfindesperatefinancialstraits. 她发觉自己经济状况极为窘迫。闻/Bering白令海峡Arcticadj.北极的；北极区的刎闻theArctic北极meansn.手段；方法d★[countable]means（ofsth/ofdoingsth）1.anaction,anobjectorasystembywhicharesultisachieved;awayofachievingordoingsth方式；方法；途径d.Televisionisane?ectivemeansofcommunication.d电视是一种有效的传播途径。8，sthereanymeansofcontactinghim?日有没有什么办法和他取得联系？“<WeneededtogettoLondonbutwehadnomeansoftransport.，我们需要去伦敦，但却没有任何交通工具。&2[plural]themoneythatapersonhas贝才富；钱贝才°.Peopleshouldpayaccordingtotheirmeans.d人们应该按照各自的负担能力来消费。，<Hedoesn'thavethemeanstosupportawifeandchild.事他无钱养活妻小。**Privateschoolfeesarebeyondthemeansofmostpeople(=morethantheycana?ord)..私立学校的费用是大多数人无力支付的。日♦Arethemonthlyrepaymentswithinyourmeans(=canyoua?ordthem)?.这样按月还钱，你负担得了吗？♦Trytolivewithinyourmeans(=notspendmoremoneythanyouhave).B要尽可能量入为出。e♦amanofmeans(=arichman)有钱人IDIOMSd★by?allmeanswusedtosaythatyouareverywillingforsbtohavesthordosth可以；当然行；没问题♦?DoyoumindifIhavealook???Byallmeans.?d我看一眼行吗？”当然可以。”日★bymeansofsth((formal)withthehelpofsth借助••手段；依靠…方法*♦Theloadwasliedbymeansofacrane.日重物是用起重机吊起来的。b★bynomeans|notbyanymeansnnotatall决不；一点也不d♦Sheisbynomeansaninexperiencedteacher.日她绝不是个毫无经验的教师。8♦Wehaven'twonyet,notbyanymeans.，我们离成功还远着呢。&★ameanstoanendathingoractionthatisnotinterestingorimportantinitselfbutisawayofachievingsthelse (本身并不重要或有趣的) 达到目的的手段d♦Hedoesn'tparticularlyliketheworkbutheseesitasameanstoanend.s他不怎么喜欢这项工作，只是把它看作达到目的的手段而已。0△prehistoricadj.史前的rmajorityn.大多数；大半汁ministryn.(政府的)部；(全体)牧师；牧师的职责-Catholicadj.天主教的♦n.天主教徒色△Alaskan.阿拉斯加（州）汁ASanFranciscon.圣弗朗西斯科（也称旧金山）°△adventurern.冒险家4△despiteprep.尽管；不管usedtoshowthatsthhappenedoristruealthoughsthelsemighthavehappenedtopreventit即使；尽管w♦Hervoicewasshakingdespiteallhere?ortstocontrolit..尽管她竭尽全力控制自己，声音仍然在颤抖。日♦Despiteapplyingforhundredsofjobs,heisstilloutofwork.，尽管他申请了数百个工作，但仍然在失业中。d♦Shewasgoodatphysicsdespitethefactthatshefounditboring.日尽管她认为物理枯燥无味，她却学得很好。2despiteyourselfusedtoshowthatsbdidnotintendtodothethingmentioned尽管(自己)不愿意♦Hehadtolaughdespitehimself.#续写日他不想笑，但还是忍不住笑了出来。#续写，★inspiteofi；jhardshipn.苦难；困苦-electvt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人VERB1tochoosesbtodoaparticularjobbyvotingforthem选举；推选&♦anelectedassembly/leader/representative 选出的议会/领导人/代表d♦thenewlyelectedgovernment新选的政府e♦ShebecamethefirstblackwomantobeelectedtotheSenate.，她成为第一个被选进参议院的黑人妇女。&★electsb/sth日★electsbtosth，★electsb(as)sth|electsb+noun&♦Hewaselected(as)MPforOxfordEast.d他被选为牛津东区的议员。日2(formal)tochoosetodosth选择，决定(做某事)&★electtodosth*♦Increasingnumbersofpeopleelecttoworkfromhomenowadays.注现在越来越多的人选择在家工作。ADJECTIVE口1usedaernounstoshowthatsbhasbeenchosenforajob,butisnotyetdoingthatjob（用于名词后）当选而尚未就职的，候任的日♦thepresidentelect候任总统口federaladj.联邦制的；联邦政府的«railn.铁路；扶手；（护栏的）横条♦percentagen.百分比；百分率d△LosAngelesn.洛杉矶aItalyn.意大利-Italiann.意大利人；意大利语adj.意大利人的；意大利语的汁Denmarkn.丹麦（北欧国家）0△Hollywoodn.好莱坞；美国电影业-boomn.（人口、贸易的）繁荣vi.处于经济迅速发展时期NOUN日inbusiness/economy商业；经济asuddenincreaseintradeandeconomicactivity;aperiodofwealthandsuccess（贸易和经济活动的）激增，繁荣官♦Livingstandardsimprovedrapidlyduringthepost-warboom.日在战后那段繁荣昌盛的时期里，生活水平得到了迅速提高。与♦Businessisbooming!W生意兴隆！&★boominsthd♦aboomincarsales汽车销售额的巨增d♦aboomyear（fortrade,exports,etc.） （贸易、出口等）兴盛的一年*♦aproperty/housingboom房地产/住房的迅速发展注♦achaoticperiodofboomandbust，经济繁荣与经济萧条交替出现的混乱时期cn.?seealsobabyboom婴儿潮，2popularperiod风靡期w♦Theonlywaytosatisfythegolfboomwastobuildmorecourses.B满足这场高尔夫球热的唯一途径是增建球场。44[usuallysingular]alouddeepsound深沉的响声d♦thedistantboomoftheguns远处隆隆的炮声?seealsosonicboom音爆，声震VERB，1[intransitive]tomakealouddeepsound轰鸣；轰响e♦Outside,thunderboomedandcrashed.*外面雷声隆隆，霹雳炸响22[transitive,?intransitive]tosaysthinalouddeepvoice 以彳氐沉有力的声音说话+speech型♦?Getoutofmysight!?heboomed.别让我再见到你！ "#续及右他低沉而有力地说。#续写boom（out）#♦Avoiceboomedoutfromthedarkness.#续写&黑暗中传来低沉有力的嗓音。#续写d♦Hehadaboomingvoice.他的嗓音低沉洪亮。aaircran.飞行器；航空器；飞机0△Cambodiann.柬埔寨人；柬埔寨语汁Korean.韩国；朝鲜-Koreann.韩国/朝鲜人；朝鲜/韩语adj.韩国（人/语）的；朝鲜（人/语）的匹Pakistann.巴基斯坦dPakistaniadj.巴基斯坦（人）的n.巴基斯坦人aracialadj.人种的；种族的-crossingn.横渡；横越；十字路口；人行横道dvicen.&adj.代理；副职anephewn.侄子；外甥6polen.地极；电极；磁极applicantn.申请人0★applicantforsthapersonwhomakesaformalrequestforsth(=appliesforit),especiallyforajob,aplaceatacollegeoruniversity,etc.日申请人(尤指求职、进高等学校等)与♦Therewereover500applicantsforthejob.有500多人申请这份工作。汁customsn.海关;关税；进口税c★topaycustomsonsth为某物缴纳关d税*customsduty/duties进口税socialistn.社会主义者；社会党人adj.社会主义者的Aasocialismn.社会主义occurvi.发生；出现e1[intransitive](formal)tohappen发生；出现与♦Whenexactlydidtheincidentoccur?足这一事件究竟是什么时候发生的？"♦Somethingunexpectedoccurred.d发生了一件出乎意料的事。d2[intransitive]+adv./prep.toexistorbefoundsomewhere 存在于；出现在w♦Sugaroccursnaturallyinfruit.*水果天然含糖分。PHRASALVERB日★occurtosb（o（ofanideaorathought观念或想法）tocomeintoyourmind被想至U;出现在头脑中d♦Theideaoccurredtohiminadream.#续写立这个主意是他在梦中想到的。#续写e★occurtodosth，♦Itdidn'toccurtohertoaskforhelp.日她没想到请别人帮忙。闻cattlen.牛（总称）日aherdofcattle一群牛立twentyheadofcattle（=twentycows） 二十头“牛△Hispanicn.（美）讲西班牙语的美国人*indicatevt.指出；指示；表明；暗示e1[transitive,?intransitive]toshowthatsthistrueorexists表明；标示；显示d★indicatesthw♦Recordprofitsintheretailmarketindicateaboomintheeconomy.，零售市场上有史以来的最高利润显示出经济的突飞猛进。0★indicatethat…―♦Researchindicatesthateatinghabitsarechangingfast.W研究显示，饮食习惯正迅速改变。°♦Kingston-upon-Thames,asthenameindicates,issituatedonthebanksoftheThames.W泰晤士河畔金斯顿区，正如其名称所示，位于泰晤士河畔。，★indicatehow,whatetc …底♦Ourresultsindicatehowmisleadingitcouldbetorelyonthismethod.s我们的结果表明，依赖这种方法可能产生多么严重的误导。22[transitive]tobeasignofsth;toshowthatsthispossibleorlikely 象征；暗示e♦Aredskyatnightoenindicatesfineweatherthenextday.w夜空呈红色往往预兆第二天天气晴朗。5♦Earlyresultsindicatethatthegovernmentwillbereturnedtopower.日早期的结果预示这个政府将重新执政。33[transitive]tomentionsth,especiallyinanindirectway暗示；间接提及；示意d★indicatetosbthat …d♦Inhisletterheindicatedtous(that)hewaswillingtocooperate.*他在信中向我们透露他愿意合作。d★indicatesth(tosb)e♦Heindicatedhiswillingnesstocooperate.*他暗示愿意合作。底♦Hassheindicatedyetwhethershewouldliketobeinvolved?d她表明了她是否愿意参加吗？?synonymsatdeclare0[transitive]tostatesthfirmlyandclearly表明；宣称；断言4[transitive](formal)tomakesbnoticesb/sth,especiallybypointingormovingyourhead指示；指出，★indicatesb/sth(tosb)，♦Shetookoutamapandindicatedthequickestroutetous.』她拿出一张地图，给我们指出最快捷的路线。&★indicatewhere,which,etc …d♦Heindicatedwherethefurniturewastogo.*他指示了家具要如何摆放。55[transitive]indicatesth(formal)torepresentinformationwithoutusingwords显示(信息)；标示0.TheresultsareindicatedinTable2.♦结果列在表2中。&6[transitive](formal)togiveinformationinwriting写明；注出e♦Youareallowed20kgsofbaggageunlessindicatedotherwiseonyourticket.d除非票上另有注明，否则可携带行李为20公斤。底♦Pleaseindicateclearlywhichcolouryourequire.，请标明您要求的颜色。7[intransitive,?transitive](BrE)toshowthatyourvehicleisgoingtochangedirection,byusinglightsoryourarm8(用灯光或手臂)打行车转向信号d♦Alwaysindicatebeforemovingintoanotherlane.G开入其他车道前一定要打转向灯。e♦Heindicatedleandthenturnedright.*他打出的是左转信号，然后却向右转了。8[transitive,?usuallypassive]indicatesth(formal)tobenecessaryorrecommended有必要；被建议注♦Acourseofchemotherapywasindicated..建议进行化疗。刎luggagen.行李(<ft>baggage)❷shavevt.&vi.（shaved;shaved,shaven） 舌U；相剃△cablen.缆绳；绳索；电缆0△cablecar缆车；（美）有轨缆，车zXAndrewHallidie安德鲁海q利迪tramn.（有轨）电车Dapparentadj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的1[notusuallybeforenoun]easytoseeorunderstand显而易见；明白易懂；显然SYN >obviousw♦Theirdevotionwasapparent.d他们的忠诚显而易见。注♦Then,fornoapparentreason,thetrainsuddenlystopped.，接着，不知什么原因，火车突然停了下来。&★apparentfromsththat …a♦Itwasapparentfromherfacethatshewasreallyupset.W从面容上一眼就可以看出她确实心绪烦乱。e★apparenttosbthat …♦♦Itsoonbecameapparenttoeveryonethathecouldn'tsing.『很快大家就看出来他不会唱歌。d?synonyms >clear\illustrate2[usuallybeforenoun]thatseemstoberealortruebutmaynotbe 貌彳以的;表面上的；未必真实的SYN >seeming&♦Myparentswereconcernedatmyapparentlackofenthusiasmforschool.，我看来对上学不感兴趣，使父母担心。#apparentlyadv.显然地；显而易见地&braken.闸；刹车；制动器vi.&vt.杀U（车）；用制动器减速汁conductorn.（公车）售票员；列车员；（乐队）指挥-slipvi.滑动；滑行；滑跤n.滑动；滑倒[intransitive]slip（over）toslideashortdistancebyaccidentsothatyoufallornearlyfall滑倒；滑跤e♦Sheslippedoverontheiceandbrokeherleg.■她在冰上滑倒把腿摔断了。♦AsIranupthestairs,myfootslippedandIfell.*我跑上楼梯时失脚摔倒了。22[intransitive](+adv./prep.)toslideoutofpositionoroutofyourhand滑落；滑离；脱落e♦Hishathadslippedoveroneeye.,他的帽子滑下来遮住了一只眼睛。b4Thefishslippedoutofmyhand.，鱼从我手里溜掉了。44Thechildslippedfromhisgraspandrano?.◎他一把没抓牢，让那孩子跑掉了。♦figurative)Shewascarefulnottolethercontrolslip.#续写，她小心翼翼，不让自己失控。#续写dgo/putquickly快速地走/放置3[intransitive]+adv./prep.togosomewherequicklyandquietly,especiallywithoutbeingnoticed悄悄疾行；溜SYN >creep厘<Sheslippedoutofthehousebeforetheotherswereawake.#续写.她趁别人还没醒，溜出了房子。#续写b4Theshipslippedintotheharbouratnight.”船在夜间悄然进港。，♦figurative)Sheknewthattimewasslippingaway.。她知道时间在飞逝。w4★[transitive]toputsthsomewherequickly,quietlyorsecretly 迅速放置；悄悄塞；偷偷放e★slipsth+adv./prep.e4Annaslippedherhandintohis.”安娜悄悄把手伸过去，让他握住。"♦managedtoslipafewjokesintomyspeech.中我设法在讲话中穿插了几个笑话。日★ ★slipsbsth*4They'dslippedsomemoneytotheguards.c4They'dslippedtheguardssomemoney.中他们悄悄塞给卫兵一些钱。日5[intransitive]tofalltoalowerlevel;tobecomeworse下降；退步；变差口♦Hispopularityhasslippedrecently.口近来他已不如过去那样受欢迎。中.That'sthreetimesshe'sbeatenme—Imustbeslipping{adj. 〈美俚〉渐渐松驰的;渐渐不行了的，渐渐变懒的}!d她已经赢了我三回了，我一定是退步了！6[intransitive]+adv./prep.topassintoaparticularstateorsituation,especiallyadi?icultorunpleasantone陷入，进入（困难或不愉快的处境）e♦Hebegantoslipintodebt.d他开始欠债了。，4Thepatienthadslippedintoacoma.行病人陷入昏迷状态。♦4Weseemtohaveslippedbehindschedule.中我们好像已经赶不上日程安排了。7[intransitive,?transitive]toputclothesonortotakethemo?quicklyandeasily（迅速且容易地）穿上，脱下★slipinto/outof麻利地穿上/脱掉e★slipsth+adv./prep.&♦toslipyourshoeson/o?蹬上/脱了鞋*♦Heslippedacoatoverhissweatshirt.・他将一件外衣披在长袖套衫上。88[transitive]togetfree;tomakesth/sb/yourselffreefromsth摆脱；挣脱；松开；放走04Theshiphadslippeditsmooringsinthenight.*那艘船在夜间漂离了停泊处。.★slip（sth）+adj.e4Theanimalhadslippedfreeandescaped. 那头动物挣脱逃跑了。IDIOMSw★letslipsth&togivesbinformationthatissupposedtobesecret泄露；无意中说出*<Ihappenedtoletitslipthathehadgivenme £1?000forthecar.・我一不小心说出了他花1?000英镑买走我那辆车的事。15<Shetriednottoletslipwhatsheknew.*她尽量不把她所知道的事泄露出去。5★letsthslip（throughyourfingers），tomissorfailtouseanopportunity错过（机会）;失去（机会）a♦Don'tletthechancetoworkabroadslipthroughyourfingers.d这个出国工作的机会你可不要错过。♦★slipyourmind*ifsthslipsyourmind,youforgetitorforgettodoit被遗忘★sliponeoveronsbe(informal)totricksb欺骗；愚弄*<Wetriedtocontactallformerstudents,butoneortwoslippedthroughthenet.*我们试图同所有的校友取得联系，但有一两个未能找到。PHRASALVERBSd★slipawaytotostopexisting;todisappearordie 7肖失；7肖亡；死去04Theirsupportgraduallyslippedaway..他们逐渐失去支持。渐★slipout»whensthslipsout,yousayitwithoutreallyintendingto 无意中说出(或泄露)d，'msorryIsaidthat.Itjustslippedout..抱歉，我说了这样的话。这不过是无意中说出口的。w★slipupe(informal)tomakeacarelessmistake疏忽；不小心出差错♦4Wecan'ta?ordtoslipup..我们疏忽不得。?relatednounslip-up >n.不幸；错误NOUNi1asmallmistake,usuallymadebybeingcarelessornotpayingattention差错；疏漏；批漏•4Herecitedthewholepoemwithoutmakingasingleslip.立他一字不差地背诵了全诗。22asmallpieceofpaper,especiallyoneforwritingonorwithsthprintedonit2氏条；便条；小纸片*♦wroteitdownonaslipofpaper. 我把它记在一张纸条上。H♦abettingslip赌注单IDIOMS。★givesbtheslip((informal)toescapeorgetawayfromsbwhoisfollowingorchasingyou摆脱某人的追踪；甩掉某人的跟踪aslipofaboy,girl,etc.中(old-fashioned)asmallorthin,usuallyyoung,person小男孩(或女孩等)；瘦男孩(或女孩等)aslipofthepen/?tongueeasmallmistakeinsththatyouwriteorsay笔误；口误―♦DidIcallyouRichard?Sorry,Robert,justaslipofthetongue.d我刚才是不是叫你理查德了？对不起，罗伯特，我是一时 口误。-there'smanyasliptwixtcupandlip(saying)nothingiscompletelycertainuntilitreallyhappensbecausethingscaneasilygowrong.到嘴的鸭子也会飞走(指没有十拿九稳的事)小△wharfn.码头♦bakeryn.面包房；面包厂*ferryn.渡船；渡口vt.摆渡；渡运，AAngelIsland天使岛nhirevt.&n.租用；雇用小△fascinatingadj.迷人的；吸引人的。seagulln.海鸥闻anglen.角；角度“nowhereadv.无处；到处都无△miserableadj.痛苦的；悲惨的punishmentn.处罚；惩罚苹justicen.公正；公平朝IDIOMS★bringsbtojusticeatoarrestsbforacrimeandputthemontrialincourt（将某人）绳之以法，缉拿归案★dojusticetosb/sth;dosb/sthjusticetotreatorrepresentsb/sthfairly,especiallyinawaythatshowshowgood,attractive,etc.theyare 公平对待某人（或某事）；给以公正的评价中♦Thatphotodoesn'tdoyoujustice.&那张照片把你给照走样了。2todealwithsb/sthcorrectlyandcompletely 恰当处理某人（或某事）注♦Youcannotdojusticetosuchacomplexsituationinjustafewpages.足你不可能仅仅几页就将这么复杂的形势恰如其分地描述出来。★doyourselfjusticetodosthaswellasyoucaninordertoshowotherpeoplehowgoodyouare充分发挥自己的能力w♦Shedidn'tdoherselfjusticeintheexam.她在考试中没有充分发挥出自己的水平。“mournvt.&vi.哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛SYN >grievefor★mournsth♦Hewasstillmourninghisbrother'sdeath.市他仍然在为哥哥的去世而悲伤。w♦Theymournthepassingofasimplerwayoflife.d他们对逝去的较为淳朴的生活感到惋惜。出★mournforsb/sth审♦Todaywemournforallthosewhodiedintwoworldwars..今天，我们向所有在两次世界大战中死难的人表示 哀悼。e♦Shemournedforherlostchildhood..她为失去的童年而伤感。civiladj.公民的；国内的；民间的authorityn.权威；权力（pl）当局;官方♦★havesthongoodauthoritytobeabletobelievesthbecauseyoutrustthepersonwhogaveyoutheinformation有可靠的根据reformvt.&vi.改革；革新n.改革；改造；改良VERB[transitive]reformsthtoimproveasystem,anorganization,alaw,etc.bymakingchangestoit改革；改进；改良0♦proposalstoreformthesocialsecuritysystem 改革社会保险体制的建议♦♦Thelawneedstobereformed.♦法律需要进行改革。22[intransitive,?transitive]toimproveyourbehaviour;tomakesbdothis（使）改正，改造（行为）；（使）悔改w♦Hehaspromisedtoreform.时他许诺要改过自新。★reformsb♦Shethoughtshecouldreformhim.她觉得她可以使他洗心革面。w?reformed*♦areformedcharacter改过自新的人NOUN[uncountable,?countable]changethatismadetoasocialsystem,anorganization,etc.inordertoimproveorcorrectit改革；变革；改良；改善"♦economic/electoral/constitutional,etc.reform经济、选举、宪法等改革♦♦thereformoftheeducationalsystem教育体制的改革0♦reformsineducation教育改革♦far-reaching/major/sweepingreforms 意义深远的/重大的/彻底的变革♦graspvt.&n.抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会事★graspsb/sth«1totakeafirmho