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2002年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题SectionIUseofEnglishReadthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CORDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)1.Aswasdiscussedbefore,itwasnot2the19thcenturythatthenewspaperbecamethedominantpre-electronic_3_,followinginthewakeofthepamphletandthebookandinthe4oftheperiodical.Itwasduringthesametimethatthecommunicationsrevolution5 leading6throughthetelegraph,thetelephone,radio,andmotionpictures7the20thcenturyworldofthemotorcarandtheairplane.NoteveryoneseesthatProcessin8.Itisimportanttodoso.early20thcentury,10bytheinventionoftheintegratedcircuitduringthe1960s,radicallychangedtheprocess,11itsimpactonthemediawasnotimmediately12.Astimewentby,computersbecamesmallerandmorepowerful,andtheybecame“personal”too,aswellas13,withdisplaybecomingsharperandstorage increasing.Theywerethoughtof,likepeople, generations,withthedistancebetweengenerationsmuch16.Itwaswithinthecomputeragethattheterm“informationsociety”begantobewidelyusedtodescribethe17withinwhichwenowlive.Thecommunicationsrevolutionhas18bothworkandleisureandhowwethinkandfeelbothaboutandculturalimplications.“Benefits”havebeenweighed outcomes.Andgeneralizationshaveproveddifficult.1.[A]between 2.[A]after 3.[A]means 4.[A]process 5.[A]gathered 6.[A]on 7.[A]of 8.[A]concept 9.[A]indeed [C]stimulated[D]characterized11.[A]unless 12.[A]apparent 13.[A]institutional[B]universal [C]fundamental[D]instrumental14.[A]ability 15.[A]bymeansof[B]intermsof[C]withregardto[D]inlinewith16.[A]deeper 17.[A]context 18.[A]regarded [C]influenced[D]effected19.[A]competitive[B]controversial[C]distracting[D]irrational20.[A]above SectionII ReadingComprehensionPartA[B],[C]or[D].MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)Ifyouintendusinghumorinyourtalktomakepeoplesmile,youmustknowhowtoidentifysharedexperiencesandproblems.Yourhumormustberelevanttothetheirsituationandareinsympathywiththeirpointofview.Dependingonwhomyouareaddressing,theproblemswillbedifferent.Ifyouaretalkingtoagroupofmanagers,youmayrefertothedisorganizedmethodsoftheirsecretaries;alternativelyifyouareaddressingsecretaries,youmaywanttocommentontheirHereisanexample,whichIheardatanurses’convention,ofastorywhichworkswellbecausetheaudienceallsharedthesameviewofdoctors.Amanarrivesbyamaninawhitecoat,whorushestotheheadoftheline,grabshisfoodand“Oh,that’sGod,”camethereply,“butsometimeshethinkshe’sadoctor.”toknowtheexperiencesandproblemswhicharecommontoallofyouand’itllbetheircanteenortheirchairman.YouwillbeonsafergroundifyousticktoscapegoatslikethePostOfficeorthetelephonesystem.Ifyoufeelawkwardbeinghumorous,youmustpracticesothatitbecomesmorenatural.Includeafewcasualandapparentlyoff-the-cuffremarkswhichyoucanaudiencetosmile,sospeakslowlyandrememberthataraisedeyebroworanunbelievinglookmayhelptoshowthatyouaremakingalight-heartedremark.Lookforthehumor.Itoftencomesfromtheunexpected.AtwistonafamiliarSearchforexaggerationandunderstatement.Lookatyourtalkandpickoutafewwordsorsentenceswhichyoucanturnaboutandinjectwithhumor.21.Tomakeyourhumorwork,youshould [A]takeadvantageofdifferentkindsofaudience[B]makefunofthedisorganizedpeople[C]addressdifferentproblemstodifferentpeople[D]showsympathyforyourlisteners22.Thejokeaboutdoctorsimpliesthat,intheeyesofnurses,theyare
[A]impolitetonewarrivals[B]veryconsciousoftheirgodlikerole[C]entitledtosomeprivileges[D]verybusyevenduringlunchhours23.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthatpublicservices
[A]havebenefitedmanypeople[B]arethefocusofpublicattention[C]areaninappropriatesubjectforhumor[D]haveoftenbeenthelaughingstock24.Toachievethedesiredresult,humorousstoriesshouldbedelivered
[A]inwell-wordedlanguage[B]asawkwardlyaspossible[C]inexaggeratedstatements[D]ascasuallyaspossible25.Thebesttitleforthetextmaybe
[A]UseHumorEffectively[B]VariousKindsofHumor[C]AddHumortoSpeech[D]DifferentHumorStrategiestocopewithworkthatisdangerous,boring,burdensome,orjustplainnasty.Thatcompulsionhasresultedinrobotics—thescienceofconferringvarioushumanofsciencefiction,theyhavebeguntocomeclose.Asaresult,themodernworldisincreasinglypopulatedbyintelligentgizmoslabor.Ourfactorieshumtotherhythmofrobotassemblyarms.Ourbankingisdoneatautomatedtellerterminalsthatthankuswithmechanicalpolitenessforthetothecontinualminiaturizationofelectronicsandmicro-mechanics,therearealreadyrobotsystemsthatcanperformsomekindsofbrainandbonesurgerywithsubmillimeteraccuracy—fargreaterprecisionthanhighlyskilledphysicianscanachievewiththeirhandsalone.“wecan'tyetgivearobotenough‘commonsense’toreliablyinteractwithaIndeedthequestfortrueartificialintelligencehasproducedverymixedthattransistorcircuitsandmicroprocessorsmightbeabletocopytheactionofthehumanbrainbytheyear2010,researcherslatelyhavebeguntoextendthatforecastbydecadesifnotcenturies.Whattheyfound,inattemptingtomodelthought,isthatthehumanbrain'sfarmorecomplicated—thanpreviouslyimagined.Theyhavebuiltrobotsthatcanfactoryenvironment.Butthehumanmindcanglimpsearapidlychangingsceneandimmediatelydisregardthe98percentthatisirrelevant,instantaneouslyfocusingonthemonkeyatthesideofawindingforestroadorthesinglesuspiciousfaceofability,andneuroscientistsstilldon’tknowquitehowwedoit.26.Humaningenuitywasinitiallydemonstratedin [A]theuseofmachinestoproducesciencefiction.[B]thewideuseofmachinesinmanufacturingindustry.[C]theinventionoftoolsfordifficultanddangerouswork.[D]theelite’scunningtacklingofdangerousandboringwork.27.Theword“gizmos”(line1,paragraph2)mostprobablymeans
[A]programs B]experts [C]devices [D]creatures28.Accordingtothetext,whatisbeyondman'sabilitynowistodesignarobotthatcan [A]fulfilldelicatetaskslikeperformingbrainsurgery.[B]interactwithhumanbeingsverbally.[C]havealittlecommonsense.[D]respondindependentlytoachangingworld.29.Besidesreducinghumanlabor,robotscanalso [A]makeafewdecisionsforthemselves.[B]dealwithsomeerrorswithhumanintervention.[C]improvefactoryenvironments.[D]cultivatehumancreativity.30.Theauthorusestheexampleofamonkeytoarguethatrobotsare
[A]expectedtocopyhumanbrainininternalstructure.[B]abletoperceiveabnormalitiesimmediately.[C]farlessablethanhumanbraininfocusingonrelevantinformation.[D]bestusedinacontrolledenvironment.tosupply-cutsinMarch,thepriceofcrudeoilhasjumpedtoalmost$26abarrel,memoriesofthe1973oilshock,whenpricesquadrupled,and1979-1980,whentheyalsoalmosttripled.Bothpreviousshocksresultedindouble-digitinflationandglobaleconomicdecline.SowherearetheheadlineswarningofgloomanddoomthisStrengtheningeconomicgrowth,atthesametimeaswintergripsthenorthernhemisphere,couldpushthepricehigherstillintheshortterm.Yettherearegoodreasonstoexpecttheeconomicconsequencesnowtobelessseverethaninthe1970s.Inmostcountriesthecostofcrudeoilnowaccountsforasmallershareofthepriceofpetrolthanitdidinthe1970s.InEurope,taxespriceofcrudehaveamoremutedeffectonpumppricesthaninthepast.Richeconomiesarealsolessdependentonoilthantheywere,andsolesssensitivetoswingsintheoilprice.Energyconservation,ashifttootherfuelsOutlookthat,ifoilpricesaveraged$22abarrelforafullyear,comparedwith$13in1998,thiswouldincreasetheoilimportbillinricheconomiesbyonlyOntheotherhand,oil-importingemergingeconomies—towhichheavyindustryhasOnemorereasonnottolosesleepovertheriseinoilpricesisthat,unliketherisesinthe1970s,ithasnotoccurredagainstthebackgroundofgeneralisbroadlyunchangingfromayearago.In1973commoditypricesjumpedby70%,andin1979byalmost30%.31.Themainreasonforthelatestriseofoilpriceis_______[A]globalinflation. [B]reductioninsupply.[C]fastgrowthineconomy. [D]Iraq’ssuspensionofexports.32.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthattheretailpriceofpetrolwillgoup[A]priceofcruderises. [B]commoditypricesrise.[C]consumptionrises. [D]oiltaxesrise.33.TheestimatesinEconomicOutlookshowthatinrichcountries_______.[A]heavyindustrybecomesmoreenergy-intensive.[B]incomelossmainlyresultsfromfluctuatingcrudeoilprices.[C]manufacturingindustryhasbeenseriouslysqueezed.[D]oilpricechangeshavenosignificantimpactonGDP.34.Wecandrawaconclusionfromthetextthat_______.[A]oil-priceshocksarelessshockingnow.[B]inflationseemsirrelevanttooil-priceshocks.[C]energyconservationcankeepdowntheoilprices.[D]thepriceriseofcrudeleadstotheshrinkingofheavyindustry.35.Fromthetextwecanseethatthewriterseems__________.[A]optimistic.[B]sensitive.[C]gloomy.[D]scared.TheSupremeCourt’sdecisionsonphysician-assistedsuicidecarryimportantAlthoughitruledthatthereisnoconstitutionalrighttophysician-assistedacenturies-oldmoralprincipleholdingthatanactionhavingtwoeffects—agoodintendsonlythegoodeffect.Doctorshaveusedthatprincipleinrecentyearstojustifyusinghighdoseswilleventuallykillthepatient.that,aslongasadoctorprescribesadrugforalegitimatemedicalpurpose,thedoctorhasdonenothingillegalevenifthepatientusesthedrugtohastendeath.“It’slikesurgery,”hesays.“Wedon’tcallthosedeathshomicidesbecauseIfyou’reaphysician,youcanriskyourpatient’ssuicideaslongasyoudon’tintendtheirsuicide.”Onanotherlevel,manyinthemedicalcommunityacknowledgethatthemodernmedicinehasprolongedthephysicalagonyofdying.evendishonortheperiodofdying”asthetwinproblemsofend-of-lifecare.Theprofessionistakingstepstorequireyoungdoctorstotraininhospices,totestknowledgeofaggressivepainmanagementtherapies,todevelopaMedicarebillingcodeforhospital-basedcare,andtodevelopnewstandardsforassessingandtreatingpainattheendoflife.Annassayslawyerscanplayakeyroleininsistingthatthesewell-meaningtotheextentthatitconstitutes“systematicpatientabuse”.Hesaysmedicalthatareincompetentlymanagedandshouldresultinlicensesuspension”.36.Fromthefirstthreeparagraphs,welearnthat [A]doctorsusedtoincreasedrugdosagestocontroltheirpatients’pain[B]itisstillillegalfordoctorstohelpthedyingendtheirlives[C]theSupremeCourtstronglyopposesphysician-assistedsuicide[D]patientshavenoconstitutionalrighttocommitsuicide37.Whichofthefollowingstatementsitstrueaccordingtothetext?[A]Doctorswillbeheldguiltyiftheyrisktheirpatients’death.[C]TheCourtruledthathigh-dosagepain-relievingmedicationcanbe[D]Adoctor’smedicationisnolongerjustifiedbyhisintentions. [A]prolongedmedicalprocedures [B]inadequatetreatmentofpain[C]systematicdrugabuse [D]insufficienthospitalcare[A]Bold. [B]Harmful. [C]Careless.[D]Desperate [A]managetheirpatientsincompetently[B]givepatientsmoremedicinethanneeded[C]reducedrugdosagesfortheirpatients[D]prolongtheneedlesssufferingofthepatientsReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.(10byphysicalandbiologicaltechnologyalone.Whatisneededisatechnologyofhumannature,andsoon.Physicsandbiologyoncefollowedsimilarpracticesandtochangepartlybecausetheexplanatoryitemsoftenseemtobedirectlyobservedandpartlybecauseotherkindsofexplanationshavebeenhardtofind.Thepushorpull,itselects,andthisfunctionisdifficulttodiscoverandanalyze.thanahundredyearsago,andtheselectiveroleoftheenvironmentinshapingandmaintainingthebehavioroftheindividualisonlybeginningtoberecognizedandstudied.Astheinteractionbetweenorganismandenvironmenthascometobearebeginningtobetracedtoaccessibleconditions,andatechnologyofbehaviormaythereforebecomeavailable.Itwillnotsolveourproblems,however,untilitreplacestraditionalprescientificviews,andthesearestronglyentrenched.Freedomanddignityillustratethedifficulty.(44)Theyarethepossessionsoftheautonomous(self-governing)manoftraditionaltheory,andtheyareessentialwilluseatechnologyandtowhatends?(45)Untiltheseissuesareresolved,atechnologyofbehaviorwillcontinuetoberejected,andwithitpossiblytheonlywaytosolveourproblems.SectionIIIWritingStudythefollowingpicturecarefullyandwriteanessayentitled“CulturesNationalandInternational”.Intheessayyoushould1.describethepictureandinterpretitsmeaning,and2.giveyourcommentonthephenomenon.Youshouldwriteabout200wordsneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.(20points)AnAmericangirlintraditionalChinesecostume(服装)第一部分英语知识应用试题解析1.[A]between在…当中,在空间、位置或时间的中间[D]later后来,稍后,随后2.[A]after [B]by [C]during [D]until空格所在的句子是一个强调句型:itwas+时间状语+that。四个选项中能与notfirstmether.(强调地点状语);Itwasbecausethewaterhadrisenthattheycould3.[A]means方式,方法,手段 [B]method方法 本题相关部分是thenewspaperbecamethedominantpre-electronic_
3_,followinginthewakeofthepamphletandthebook,其中inthewakeof意为“紧代到来前主要的__3__”从句意来看,空格处填入的名词应概括newspaper、pamphlet理”,如:Todothis,scientistshavetodevisemethodsusingradarandunderwater4.[A](inthe)process(of)在……过程中[B](inthe)company(of)在……陪伴下,与……同时出现[C](inthe)light(of)按照,根据[D](inthe)form(of)以……的形式[解析]本题考核的知识点是:上下文语义+介词短语辨析。文章相关部分是newspaperbecamethedominantpre-electronicmedium,followinginthewakeofthepamphletandthebookandinthe4oftheperiodical,从结构上来看,现在分词结构followinginthewakeof和介词短语inthe4of是并行的部分,它们之间的关系是通过inthewakeof和inthe4of两个部分来体现的。5.[A]gathered(up)收集,蜷缩,概括[B]speeded(up)加速[C]worked(up)逐步建立,逐步发展,逐步引起,整理[D]picked(up)拾起,染上,学到,整理,收听到,好转“通信革命加速发展”。文中所在句子用了强调结构Itwasduringthesametimethat,例句补充:Thechildgathereduphistoysandputthemaway.(孩子把他的玩具6.[A](lead)on引导,率领……继续前进[D](lead)off(begin)开始[解析]本题考核的知识点是:短语动词搭配+副词词义辨析。割的两个部分。考生首先需判断选项中哪个副词可以与lead和through搭配。首先排除7.[A]of…的,属于…的;有关…的[B]for为了;代表;以…为目的地;因为[C]beyond超出(理解、范围、眼界)之上根据上一题的分析,句子空格处需要一个介词和前面的beginwith,leadonthrough8.[A]concept观念,概念[B]dimension长度,宽度,高度,尺寸,大小[解析]本题考核的知识点是:句内语义+介词短语搭配。本题要求考生判断哪个名词和介词in搭配构成副词短语。空格所在句子是Noteveryoneseesthatprocessin8(并不是每个人都…地看待这个过程)。首先排除havenoformalcontract,butheis,ineffect,hermanager.(他们之间没有正式合知识点补充:inperspective和inone’srightperspective都是固定搭配,都表all“并非都是,不是每个都是”的含义。如:Bothofthemarenotmybrothers.(他们两9.[A]indeed实际上,确实(表强调)[B]hence因此,所以,(表因果关系) recognizedthattheintroductionofthecomputerradicallychangedtheprocess。 However,noteverybodyagreed.②Thevisitorcametothedoor;however,itwastoolateforhim10.[A]brought带来[C]stimulated刺激,激励空格所在部分10bytheinventionoftheintegratedcircuitduringthe1960s12.[A]apparent明显的[解析]本题考核的知识点是:上下文语义+形容词词义辨析。空格所在句子是itsimpactonthemediawasnotimmediately
12,其中its[解析]本题考核的知识点是:句内语义+形容词词义辨析。接了两个并列句子,即上句的smallerandmorepowerful与下文的personalaswellas例句补充:Technicalinnovationisinstrumentalinimprovingthequalitiesof14.[A]ability [B]capability[C]capacity [D]facultybecomingsharper(现在分词结构)andstorage14(逻辑主语)increasing(现在分如:Thelittlegirlhasgreatcapabilityasasingerandshouldbetrained.(这15.[A]bymeansof用…,依靠…,通过…[B]intermsof按照,在…方面,从…角度[C]withregardto关于[D]inlinewith符合,和…一致空格所在句子是Theywerethoughtof,likepeople, 主语they指的仍然是computers,插入语意为“像人一样”,谓语是被动语态形式were措辞及它所传达的概念,如:Givetheanswerintermsofapercentage.(用百分比来B。isnotveryprofitableintermsofcash,butIamgettingvaluableexperiencefromThatisn’tinlinewithmyideasatall.(那和我的想法根本不一致)。16.[A]deeper [B]fewer[C]nearer [D]smaller17.[A]context(事情发生的)环境,背景空格所在句子是一个强调句型Itwaswithinthecomputeragethat…,其大意是:18.[A]regarded看待,把…作为,尊敬,涉及[B]impressed留下印象,盖印[C]influenced影响 [D]effected产生,招致,实现空格所在句子是Thecommunicationsrevolutionhas
bothworkandleisureandhowwethinkandfeelbothaboutplaceandtime,因此考生需判断哪个Thenewmanagereffectedseveralchangesinthecompany.(新来的经理在公司里促成19.[A]competitive竞争的 [B]controversial有争议的 20.[A]above在…上,超出 [B]upon在…上[C]against对照,对比,与…相反 [D]with和…,同…在一起第二部分阅读理解试题解析21.Tomakeyourhumorwork,you _。[A]takeadvantageofdifferentkindsof[A]利用不同类型的听众[B]makefunofthedisorganizedpeople
[C]addressdifferentproblemsto [D]showsympathyforyourlisteners
们的观点。作者在第三句得出结论,即“Dependingonwhomyouareaddressing,thetocommentontheirdisorganizedbosses。但这只是用来论证“听众不同问题不同”这22.Thejokeaboutdoctorsimpliesthat,22.从那个关于医生的笑话里推出护士对intheeyesofnurses,they [A]impolitetonewarrivals
[B]veryconsciousoftheirgodlikerole[B]非常在乎自己上帝般的角色[C]entitledtosomeprivileges [C]享有某些特权[D]verybusyevenduringlunchhours [D]用午餐时都很忙点。作者在第二段讲述了一则嘲笑医生的笑话。笑话中上帝的动作rushtograb和stomp23.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat23.从文中可以推出,公共服务____。publicservices [A]havebenefitedmanypeople
[B]arethefocusofpublicattention [B]是公众注意的焦点[C]areaninappropriatesubjectfor[C]不适合作为幽默的笑料[D]haveoftenbeenthelaughingstock
24.Toachievethedesiredresult,24.为了达到预期的效果,幽默故事应该以 [A]inwell-wordedlanguage
[B]asawkwardlyaspossible [B]尽可能地不自然;[C]inexaggeratedstatements [C]用夸张的词语;[D]ascasuallyaspossible [D]尽可能自然。 [A]UseHumorEffectively [B]VariousKindsofHumor [C]AddHumortoSpeech [D]DifferentHumorStrategies Atheirpointifview.本句主干是Yourhumormustbe...andshouldhelptoshow...,不定式toshow后是两个that引导的宾语从句:thatyouareoneofthethem以及thatyouunderstandtheirsituationandareinsympathywiththeirpointofview,中间用or连接。②Hereisanexample,whichIheardatanurses’convention,ofastorywhichworkswellbecausetheaudienceallsharedthesameviewofdoctors.pilltaketowork?安眠药要多长时间才起作用?toknowtheexperiencesandproblemswhicharecommontoallofyouandit’llbechairman’snotoriousbadtasteinties.if句充当主句的条件状语,主句由两个并列的分句构成:youwillbe...andit’llbebeinapositiontodosth.意思是“由于客观或主观条件”可能做某事。如:Heisinapositiontomarry.他有条件结婚。passing意思是:粗略的,随便的,仓促的。如:apassingmention顺便提及。④Withotheraudiencesyoumustn’tattempttocutinwithhumorastheywill①Dependingonwhomyouareaddressing,theproblemswillbedifferent.maywanttocommentontheirdisorganizedbosses.两个if条件从句的并列、talkingto和addressing、referto和commenton的替换26.Humaningenuitywasinitiallydemonstrated26.人类智慧最初表现在 [A]theuseofmachinestoproducescience
[B]thewideuseofmachinesinmanufacturing[B]制造业中机器的广泛使用[C]theinventionoftoolsfordifficultand[C]发明工具去处理困难和危险dangerouswork [D]theelite’scunningtacklingof dangerousandboringwork withworkthatisdangerous,boring,burdensome,orjustplainnasty对应,因此27.Theword“gizmos”(line1, paragraph2)mostprobablymeans. [A]programs 28.Accordingtothetext,whatis beyondman’sabilitynowistodesigna robotthatcan___.[A]fulfilldelicatetaskslikeperforming
brainsurgery [B]interactwithhumanbeingsverbally [C]havealittlecommonsense [D]respondindependentlytoachangingworld[D]独立地对变化的世界做出反应环境。D选项是对原句‘commonsense’toreliablyinteractwithadynamicworld的29.Besidesreducinghumanlabor,robotscan [A]makeafewdecisionsforthemselves [B]dealwithsomeerrorswithhumanintervention[B]在人的干预下处理一些错误[C]improvefactoryenvironments [D]cultivatehumancreativity BACD30.Theauthorusestheexampleofamonkeyto30.作者以猴子为例想要说明机arguethatrobotsare [A]expectedtocopyhumanbrainininternal[A]有望被用来复制人脑的内部结构[B]abletoperceiveabnormalitiesimmediately[B]能够立即感知不正常的现象[C]farlessablethanhumanbraininfocusing[C]在聚焦相关信息方面远不如人脑onrelevantinformation[D]bestusedinacontrolledenvironment Ctheyhavebeguntocomeclose.③Andthankstothecontinualminiaturizationofelectronicsandandbonesurgerywithsubmillimeteraccuracy—fargreaterprecisionthanhighlyskilledphysicianscanachievewiththeirhandsalone.④Butifrobotsaretoreachthenextstageoflaborsavingutility,theywillhavetooperatewithlesshumansupervisionandbeabletomakeatleastafewdecisionsforthemselves—goalsthatposearealchallenge.干是theywillhavetooperate...andbeabletomakedecisions...。破折号后是一Ifyouaretosucceedyoumustbepatientandpersistent.(要想成功,就必须有耐tobebackby10o’clock.)、禁止(Childrenarenottosmoke.)等。⑤Despiteaspellofinitialoptimisminthe1960sand1970swhenitappearedthattransistorcircuitsandmicroprocessorsmightbeabletocopytheactionofthehumanbrainbytheyear2010,researcherslatelyhavebeguntoextendthatforecastbydecadesifnotcenturies.farmorecomplicated—thanpreviouslyimagined.从句其实是两个句子的糅合,即nervecellsaremuchmoretalentedthanpreviously⑦Butthehumanmindcanglimpsearapidlychangingsceneandimmediatelyatthesideofawindingforestroadorthesinglesuspiciousfaceinabigcrowd.该句子关键要把握其结构上对几个动词的处理:thehumanmindcanglimpse...andfocuson变为分词结构做结果状语。glimpse接的宾语是由定语从句修饰的中心名词98Ourfactorieshumtotherhythmofrobotassemblyarms.Ourbankingisdoneatautomatedtellerterminalsthatthankuswithmechanicalpolitenessforthetransaction.Oursubwaytrainsarecontrolledbytirelessrobo-drivers.tellerterminalsthankuswithpoliteness,tirelessrobo-drivers。(sly(5)compulsion强迫,强制;难以抗拒的冲动,禁不住要做的事,如:Drinkingisa~withher.(她忍不住要喝酒)tochart流程图,latencytime等待时间等等。31.Themainreasonforthelatestrise31.最近石油价格上涨的主要原因是ofoilpriceis[A]globalinflation [A]全球性通货膨胀[B]reductioninsupply [B]石油供应量下降[C]fastgrowthineconomy [C]经济快速增长;[D]Iraq’ssuspensionofexports [D]伊拉克暂停石油出口。 theretailpriceofpetrolwillgoup油零售价格会大幅上涨?if[A]priceofcruderises
[B]commoditypricesrise [B]商品价格上涨[C]consumptionrises [C]消费上涨[D]oiltaxesrise [D]石油税上涨33.TheestimatesinEconomicOutlook showthatinrichcountries [A]heavyindustrybecomesmoreenergy[A]重工业消耗更多能源[B]incomelossmainlyresultsfrom
fluctuatingcrudeoilprices[C]manufacturingindustryhasbeen
[D]oilpricechangeshaveno significantimpactonGDP22GDPD34.Wecandrawaconclusionfromthetextthat34.从课文中,可以得出的结论是 [A]oilpriceshocksarelessshockingnow [B]inflationseemsirrelevanttooil-price [C]energyconservationcankeepdowntheoil
[D]thepriceriseofcrudeleadstothe
shrinkingofheavyindustry 35.Fromthetextwecanseethatthewriter35.作者对“油价上涨”所持的态度为
[B]sensitive [C]gloomy [C]悲伤[D]scared [D]害怕whenpricesquadrupled,and1979~1980,whentheyalsoalmosttripled.句子主干是Thisneartriplingofoilprices...callsup...memoriesofthe1973...and1979~1980...其中ofoilprices修饰前面的tripling,ofthe1973hemisphere,couldpushthepricehigherstillintheshortterm.$22abarrelforafullyear,comparedwith$13in1998,thiswouldincreasetheoilimportbillinricheconomiesbyonly0.25%~0.5%ofGDP.comparedwith$13in1998是一个状语。hasshifted—havebecomemoreenergyintensive,andsocouldbemoreseriously句子主干是oilimportingemergingeconomies...havebecome...andsocouldtherisesinthe1970s,ithasnotoccurredagainstthebackgroundofgeneralcommoditypriceinflationandglobalexcessdemand.句子主干是...reason...isthat...。nottolosesleepover…是reason的后it指的是前文提到的theriseinoilprices。Sowherearetheheadlineswarningofgloomanddoomthistime?20197336.Fromthefirstthreeparagraphs,we36.从前三段中,我们可以知道 learnthat [A]doctorsusedtoincreasedrug
[B]itisstillillegalfordoctorsto
helpthedyingendtheirlives[C]theSupremeCourtstronglyopposes
physician-assistedsuicide [D]patientshavenoconstitutional[D]病人没有法律赋予的权力去自杀righttocommitsuicide37.Whichofthefollowingstatements itstrueaccordingtothetext?[A]Doctorswillbeheldguiltyifthey[A]如果医生冒病人死亡的风险,他将被认risktheirpatients’death. [B]Modernmedicinehasassisted[B]现代医学一直在帮助那些临死病人进 [C]TheCourtruledthathigh-dosage
pain-relievingmedicationcanbe
justifiedbyhisintentions. Iholdtheparentsresponsiblefortheirchildren’sbehavior.第五段谈到,外科B oftheproblemsinend-of-lifecare [A]prolongedmedicalprocedures
[B]inadequatetreatmentofpain [B]对病痛处理不力[C]systematicdrugabuse [C]蓄意的药物滥用[D]insufficienthospitalcare [D]医院护理不足含义上和原文有出入。C项中的“systematic”意为“plannedinadvanceanddonewithtoruinone’sreputation(蓄意破坏某人的名誉)。39.Whichofthefollowingbestdefines39.第七段第二行出现的aggressive的含theword“aggressive”(line2, [A]Bold. [A]大胆的。[B]Harmful. [B]有害的。[C]Careless. [C]粗心的。[D]Desperate. [D]不顾一切的。40.GeorgeAnnaswouldprobablyagreethat40.乔治·安纳斯认为在以下哪一种情doctorsshouldbepunishedifthey [A]managetheirpatientsincompetently. [C]reducedrugdosagesfortheirpatients. [B]givepatientsmoremedicinethanneeded.[C]减少病人的药物剂量。[D]prolongtheneedlesssufferingofthe 在最后一段中安纳斯明确指出,painfuldeaths(病人痛苦的死亡)shouldresultinacenturies-oldmoralprincipleholdingthatanactionhavingtwoeffects—agoodintendsonlythegoodeffect.这是个一句话的段落,其中心结构是theCourtsupportedthemedicalprinciple,Although引导的分句与后面构成转折关系。acenturies-oldmoralprinciple...goodeffect是对themedicalprincipleof“doubleeffect”进行解释说明的同位语,其主干是principleholdingthatanaction...ispermissible。②NancyDubler,directorofMontefioreMedicalCenter,contendsthatthe③Itidentifiestheundertreatmentofpainandtheaggressiveuseofperiodofdying”asthetwinproblemsofend-of-lifecare.该句子的主干是Itidentifies...as...,identify接的宾语是由and连接的两个④“Largenumbersofphysiciansseemunconcernedwiththepaintheirpatientsareneedlesslyandpredictablysuffering,”totheextentthatitconstitutes“systematicpatientabuse”.①Onanotherlevel,manyinthemedicalcommunityacknowledgethatthemodernmedicinehasprolongedthephysicalagonyofdying.Onanotherlevel是全文的分界点,起着切换话题的作用。fueledinpartby运用暗totestknowledgeofaggressivepainmanagementtherapies,todevelopaMedicarebillingcodeforhospital-basedcare,andtodevelopnewstandardsforassessingandtreatingpainattheendoflife.assistedbyphysician(由医生协助的),类似的词有:weather-beaten饱经风霜的(的侵害),如:shieldhiseyesfromthesun(7)hospice(n.)收容所,济贫院题解析(41)Onedifficultyisthatalmostallofwhatiscalledbehavioralsciencenature,andsoon.[解析]本题考核的知识点是:词义选择、固定搭配trace…to…、表语从句。all由一个of引导名词性从句whatiscalledbehavioralscience修饰;谓语是continues;最后的statesofmind,feelings...andsoon都是做trace…to…中介词(42)Thebehavioralscienceshavebeenslowtochangepartlybecausetheofexplanationshavebeenhardtofind.这是一个主从复合句,句子主干为Thebehavioralscienceshavebeenslowto…partlybecause…andpartlybecause…。slowtochange是形容词带不定式,译成“发(43)Theroleofnaturalselectioninevolutionwasformulatedonlyalittleandmaintainingthebehavioroftheindividualisonlybeginningtoberecognized。therole…wasformulated…。therole由of...和in...两个介词短语修饰,onlya干为theselectiveroleof…in…isonly
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