人教版高中英语必修一unit1语法讲练

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高中英语学习资料

madeofjingetieji

GrammarI.

DirectSpeechandIndirectSpeech

主句动词的变化

一般来说，主句谓语动词常为saidorsaidto,变成间接引语时，当直

接引语是陈说句时，said-变said(that),butsaidto–toldsb.。

当直接引语是一般疑问句时，则变成asked/askedsb.+if/whether

当直接引语是特别疑问句时，则变成askedsb.+what等特别疑问词指引

的句子（疑问词后的句子为陈说句式）

1.Mr.Blacksaid,“I’mbusy.”

Mr.Blacksaidthathewasbusy.

2.“I’llgotoyourfarmtomorrow,”hesaidtoher.3.Hesaid,“Areyouready?”Heasked(us)ifwewereready.4.Hesaid,“Whatdoyouwanttodo?”HeaskedwhatIwantedtodo.如何变句型：

直接引语假如是陈说句，间接引语应改为由that指引的宾语从句。

E.g..Shesaid,"Ourbuswillarriveinfiveminutes."

Shesaidthattheirbuswouldarriveinfiveminutes.

直接引语假如是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if指引的宾语从句.

g.Hesaid,"Canyouswim,John?"

HeaskedJohnifhecouldswim.

"Youhavefinishedthehomework,haven‘tyou?"mymotherasked.

MymotheraskedmewhetherIhadfinishedthehomework."Doyougotoschoolbybusorbybike?"

→HeaskedmeifIwenttoschoolbybusorbybike.

直接引语假如是特别问句，间接引语应当改为由疑问代词或疑问副词指引的宾语从句（宾语从句必然用陈说句语序）。

Sheaskedme,"Whendotheyhavetheirdinner?"

Sheaskedmewhentheyhadtheirdinner.

④直接引语假如是祈使句，间接引语应改为"tell(ask,order,advise,invite

等)sb(not)todosth."句型。

e.g.."Don’tmakeanynoise,"shesaidtothechildren.

Shetold(ordered)thechildrennottomakeanynoise."Bringmeacupoftea,please,"saidshe.

Sheaskedhimtobringheracupoftea.

⑤直接引语假如是以“Let‘开s头”的祈使句，变成间接引语时，平时用“suggest+动句词（或从句）。”

e.g..Hesaid,"Let’sgotothefilm."

Hesuggestedgoingtothefilm.

或Hesuggestedthattheyshouldgotoseethefilm.

如何变人称

由直接引语变间接引语时，从句的主语人称要依据一主、二宾、三不

变的原则。①直接引语的主语是第一人称变成间接引语时要和主句的主

语保持一致。

②假如直接引语的主语是第二人称变成间接引语时要与主句的宾语保持

一致。

③假如直接引语的主语是第三人称变成间接引语时，人称不变。

Theysaidtheywouldgotherebybus.

②Shesaidtome,“Areyouinterestedinscience?”

SheaskedmeifIwasinterestedinscience.

③Hismothersaidtome,“Hecan'tgotoschool.”

Hismothertoldmethathecouldn'tgotoschool.

如何变时态：

(1.)直接引语变成间接引语时，假如主句中的谓语动词是一般此刻时或

一般未来时，则间接引语从句的时态保持不变。E.g..1.Hesays,“Ihavefinishedmyhomework.”→Hesaysthathehasfinishedhishomework.2.Shewillsay,“I'lldoittomorrow.”→Shewillsaythatshe'lldoitthenextday.(2.)假如主句的时态是一般过去时，从句的时态则应是与主句时态相应的过去时态。

直接引语间接引语各种此刻时一般此刻时一般过去时此刻进行时过去进行时此刻完成时过去完成时各种过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去进行时过去完成进行时（或不变）过去完成时过去完成时（不变）未来时一般未来时过去未来时Is(are)+不定式Was(were)+不定式E.g..1.Thegirlsaid,“I'msorryforbeinglateforclass.”Thegirlsaidthatshewassorryforbeinglateforclass.

2.Hesaidtome,“Iamwritingaletter.”

Hetoldmethathewaswritingaletter.

(3).直接引语假如是客观事实或真谛，变成间接引语时，从句时态不变。

E.g..Theteachersaid,“Theearthmovesaroundthesun.”

Theteachersaidthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.四、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化DirectspeechIndirectspeech指示代词thisthatthesethose时间状语NowThenTodaythatdayThismorning(week,thatmorning(week,month,month,etc)etc)YesterdaythedaybeforeThreedaysagothreedays________ThedaybeforeyesterdaytwodaysbeforeLastweek(month,year)theweek(month,year)beforeTomorrowthenext(following)dayThedayaftertomorrowtwodaysafter(intwodays’time)Nextweek(month,year)thenext/followingweek(month,year)地点状语herethere动词ComeGoBringTakeNote:表中这些变化，要依据详尽时间和详尽地点的状况而定，不能够机械照

搬。假如就在当地转述，here就不用改为there,come也不用改为go,

果就在当日转述，yesterdayortomorrow等时间状语也不用改变。

E.g..Shesaid,“I’llwaitforyouheretonight,Jane.”

ShetoldJanethatshewouldwaitforhimheretonight.

E.g..(1)Hesaid,“Nowitisyourturn.”

Hesaidthatthenitwasmyturn.

(2)Hesaid,“Ishallcomebacknextweek.”

Hesaidthathewouldcomebackthenextweek.

(3)Shesaid,“Iwillcomeherethisafternoon.”

Shesaidthatshewouldgotherethatafternoon.

如

ExerciseforDirectSpeechandIndirectSpeech(I)(

(

(

)1.TomaskedJack______________.

A.whyhewassoexcitedB.whywashesoexcited

C.whyishesoexcitedD.whyheissoexcited

)2.“Haveyouseenthefilm?”heasked→Hemeasked.me_______.

A.hadIseenthefilmB.haveIseenthefilm

C.ifIhaveseenthefilmD.whetherIhadseenthefilm

)3.“Pleaseclosethewindow,”hesaidtome.

He______me_____thewindow.

(

(

A.saidto;tocloseB.toldto;closing

C.asked;tocloseD.saidto;pleaseclose

)4.“Iamateacher,”Jack→saidHesaid._________.A.thatIamateacherB.Iwasateacher

C.thatheisateacherD.hewasateacher

)5.Hesaid,“Mother,boyisverynaughty.”

→He_____verynaughty.

A.saidhismotherthattheboywasB.saidtohismotherthattheboyis

C.toldhismotherthattheboywasD.spoketohismotherthattheboywas

( )6.“You’vealreadygotwell,haven’tyou?”sheasked.

Sheasked________.

A.ifIhavealreadygotwell,hadn’tyou

B.whetherIhadalreadygotwell

C.haveIalreadygotwell

D.hadIalreadygotwell.

( )7.Heasked,“AreyouaPartymemberoraLeaguemember?”

Heaskedme_________.

A.amIaPartymemberoraLeaguemember

B.wasIaPartymemberoraLeaguemember

C.ifIwasaPartymemberoraLeaguemember

D.whetherwasIaPartymemberoraLeaguemember.

( )8.Heasked,“Howareyougettingalong?”→Heasked_______.

A.howamIgettingalongB.howareyougettingalong

C.howIwasgettingalongD.howwasIgettingalong

( )9.Heaskedme________withme.

A.whatthematterisB.whatthematerwas

C.what’sthematterD.whatwasthematter

( )10.Hesaid,“Don’tdothatagain.”

He_____me_______thatagain.

A.saidtome;nottodoB.saidtome;don’tdo

C.toldme;don’tdoD.toldme;nottodo

( )11.Whenwillhegofishing?

Doyouknow_______?

A.whenwillhegofishingB.whenhegofishing

C.whenhewillgofishingD.whendoeshegofishing

( )12.Theteacheraskedme____________.

A.thatIhadfinishedmyhomeworkB.thathadIfinishedmy