(新高考)高考英语二轮复习第四编考前要点再排查三高考常考词词性变化练习新人教版

---三、高考常考词词性变化名词(1)-ence,-ance结尾的名词existfexistence存在differfdifference不同referfreference参考occurfoccurrence发生prefer-preference优先权，偏好guidefguidance指导appearfappearance出现，夕卜表enterfentrance进入acceptfacceptance接受performfperformance履行resistfresistance抵制insurefinsurance保险assistfassistance帮助tolerateftolerance容忍-tion,-sion结尾的名词introducefintroduction 介绍describefdescription 描述interruptfinterruption 打断directfdirection方向，指导connectfconnection连接starvefstarvation挨饿realize一realization实现，领悟invitefinvitation邀请 producefproduction生产reducefreduction减少adopt-adoption采纳；收养preventfprevention 防止receivefreception接收；接待处suggestfsuggestion建议edit—edition 编辑，版本exhibitfexhibition 展览intendfintention打算，意图recognizefrecognition认出protectfprotection 保护instructfinstruction指令constructfconstruction建设rejectfrejection驳斥objectfobjection 反对collectfcollection收集selectfselection 挑选electfelection选举conservefconservation保护observefobservation观察organizeforganization组织examinefexamination 考试determinefdetermination 决定form一formation 形成inform一information通知imaginefimagination想象transportftransportation 运输expectfexpectation期待adapt-adaptation改编；适应preparefpreparation 准备explorefexploration 探索considerfconsideration考虑declarefdeclaration宣布decoratefdecoration装饰inspire-inspiration 激发，灵感relaxfrelaxation放松，休闲communicatefcommunication交流occupy-occupation 占用；职业satisfy一satisfaction 满足apply-application 申请，应用recommend^recommendation 推荐combinefcombination结合operatefoperation操作；手术hesitatefhesitation犹豫educatefeducation教育locateflocation定位indicatefindication指出participatefparticipation参力口appreciatefappreciation欣赏，感激associatefassociation 联想；协会separatefseparation分离investigatefinvestigation调查celebratefcelebration 庆祝congratulatefcongratulation祝贺translate-translation 翻译acceleratefacceleration 力口速donatefdonation捐赠 liberatefliberation解放motivatefmotivation动力concentratefconcentration集中contributefcontribution贡献distribute一distribution分发promotefpromotion 促进devotefdevotion致力frustrateffrustration 沮丧dividefdivision 分配decidefdecision决定discussfdiscussion 讨论 depressfdepression沮丧impressfimpression 象 expressfexpression 表达possessfpossession 拥有；财产expand—expansion 扩大 extendfextension 延伸admitfadmission 承认permitfpermission允许concludefconclusion 结论explodefexplosion爆炸confusefconfusion 迷惑-ment结尾的名词amazesamazement惊奇improvefimprovement改进achievefachievement完成agreefagreement 同意arrangefarrangement安排employfemployment 雇佣advertisefadvertisement广告astonishfastonishment吃惊announce-^announcement通告assessfassessment 评估 developfdevelopment发展disappointfdisappointment 失望encouragefencouragement鼓舞entertain-entertainment款待，娱乐equipfequipment 装备governfgovernment统治；政府manage^management管理punishfpunishment 惩罚requirefrequirement 要求settle-settlement协议；定居处state-statement 说明；陈述treat一treatment 对待；治疗accomplishfaccomplishment成就；完成(4)-ness结尾的名词eagerfeagerness渴望kind一kindness友好happyfhappiness幸福lonelyfloneliness孤独quietfquietnesscarelessfcarelessness 粗心awarefawareness意识bitterfbitterness苦blindfblindness盲目calm一calmness冷静cleverfcleverness聪明fairffairness公平foolishffoolishness愚蠢fitffitness适合；健康ill-illness疾病lazy-laziness 懒惰sad-sadness悲伤 sweetfsweetness 甜美thickfthickness 厚度tiredftiredness 累cold—coldness寒冷；冷淡nervousfnervousness惶恐不安homesickfhomesickness思乡helplessfhelplessness无助hopelessfhopelessness无望-age结尾的名词marryfmarriage 婚姻storefstorage 储存shortfshortage 短缺 packfpackage 包裹passfpassage通道-th结尾的名词warm-^warmth 温暖trueftruth 真理dead—death 死亡 growfgrowth 成长-ure结尾的名词pleasefpleasure 快乐fail一failure 失败mix-mixture混合pressfpressure压力departfdeparture 离开 exposefexposure 暴露signfsignature签名(8)-ce结尾的名词absentfabsence 缺席confidentfconfidence自信differentfdifference不同evidentfevidence证据patientfpatience 耐心' silentfsilence 沉默advisefadvice建议presentfpresence出席convenientfconvenience方便diligentfdiligence勤奋distantfdistance品巨离importantfimportance重要independentfindependence独立innocentfinnocence天真，无辜intelligentfintelligence智力violentfviolence暴力(9)-dom结尾的名词freeffreedom 自由wisefwisdom智慧(10)-hood结尾的名词child—childhood 孩童时期neighborfneighborhood邻里boy-boyhood少年时代(11)-ship结尾的名词friendffriendship 友谊leaderfleadership 领导才能ownerfownership 所有权relationfrelationship关系hardfhardship 艰(难(12)-ing结尾的名词trainftraining 训练 findfinding 发现sufferfsuffering痛苦greetfgreeting 问候paintfpainting 绘画 farm一farming 农业warm-^warming 变暖 mean^meaning 意思crossfcrossing 十字路口 belongfbelongings财产shoot-shooting 射击feel-feeling 情感；感觉2.变形容词(1)-y结尾的形容词sun—sunny阳光灿烂的 health—healthy健康的dirt—dirty 脏的 wealth—wealthy 富有的greedfgreedy 贪婪白勺 taste—tasty美味的

rainfrainy多雨的 windfwindy 有风的snow^snowy 被雪覆盖的stormfstormy 有暴风雨的fog—foggy多雾的ice-icy冰冷的mucRmuddy 泥泞的dustfdusty布满灰尘的smell-smelly 臭的salt-salty 咸的(2)-al,-ial结尾的形容词culture-cultural文化的agriculturefagricultural农业的practicefpractical实际的musicfmusical 音乐的globe—global 全球的conditionfconditional 有条件的environmentfenvironmental环境的chemistryfchemical 化学的medicinefmedical医学的originforiginal原始的politicsfpolitical政治的emotion—emotional 感情的；有感染力的nationfnational 国家的nature一natural自然的personfpersonal 个人的occasionfoccasional偶尔的mind一mental 精神上的physicsfphysical 身体上的accidentfaccidental偶然的accidentfaccidental偶然的education-educational教育的techniqueftechnicalracefracial种族的techniqueftechnicalracefracial种族的benefitfbeneficial技术上的typeftypical 典型的有益的 face一facial面部的industryfindustrial工业的finance—financial金融的industryfindustrial(3)-ful,-less结尾的形容词thank-thankful感激的 success-successful 成功的peace-peaceful 和平的beauty-beautiful美丽的

faith—faithful 忠实的 joy―joyful高兴的cheerfcheerful 高兴的use-useful-useless有用的/无用的painfpainfulfpainless 痛苦的/无痛的harm^harmful一harmless有害的/无害的powerfpowerfulfpowerless强有力的/无力的carefcarefulfcareless 小心'的/粗心的color—colorful—colorless多彩的/无色的hop—hopeful-hopeless 抱有希望的/无望的help—helpful—helpless有帮助的，愿意帮忙的/无助的meaningfmeaningfulfmeaningless 有意义的 /无意义的speechfspeechless 说不出话的end—endless 无休止的home^homeless 无家可归的job-jobless无业的selffselfless 无私的aim一aimless无目标的pricefpriceless 珍贵的，无价的breath-breathless 上气不接下气的-(i)ous结尾的形容词adventure-adventurous冒险的dangerfdangerous 危险的cautionfcautious 小心的poisonfpoisonous有毒的mountainfmountainous多山的ambitionfambitious有里予心的宗教的nervefnervous紧张的religion一religious宗教的-able,-(s)ible结尾的形容词avoidfavoidable 可避免的forget一forgettable可忘记的comfort-comfortable舒服的believef(un)believable(不)可信的可靠的令人愉快的有价值的 suit一可靠的令人愉快的有价值的 suit一suitable可忍受的合适的enjoyfenjoyablevaluefvaluablebearfbearableafford—affordable 支付得起的adapt-adaptable 适应力强的renewfrenewable 可更新的portfportable 便携的 change-^changeable 多变的reasonfreasonable合理的accessf(in)accessible(不)可接近的(6)-tive结尾的形容词create一creative 有创造力的attractfattractive 迷人的protectfprotective保护的talk—talkative 健谈的instructfinstructive 有教育意义的effectfeffective 有效的 producefproductive 多产的relatefrelative相关的compete-^competitive 有竞争力的(7)-tic，-fic结尾的形容词systemfsystematic 系统的 romance-^romantic 浪漫的sympathyfsympathetic 有同情心的energyfenergetic 精力充沛的sciencefscientific科学的(8)-en结尾的形容词woocRwooden木制的goldfgolden金色的woolfwoolen 羊毛的(9)-some结尾的形容词hand—handsome英俊的 awe-^awesome令人敬畏的troubleftroublesome令人烦恼的tireftiresome 烦人的(10)-ly结尾的形容词dead—deadly 致命的live一lively活跃的friend一friendly 友好的 monthsmonthly 每月的cost-costly 昂贵的order-orderly 有秩序的loveflovely 可爱的 yearfyearly 每年的weeQweekly 每周的3.变副词(1)形容词词尾直接加-ly变副词real—really 真正地helpful—helpfully 有帮助地careful—carefully 细心地hopeful—hopefully 有希望地slowfslowly 慢慢地 quick—quickly快速地quiet-quietly安静地 rude-rudely 无礼地polite—politely 有礼貌地 widefwidely 宽阔地fortunate-fortunately幸运地(2)以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词要变 y为i,然后再加-lybusy一busily 繁忙地angry-angrily生气地easy—easily 容易地healthy—healthily 健康地happyfhappily 高兴地 heavy-heavily 沉重地noisy一noisily 吵闹地(3)某些以辅音字母加不发音的字母 e结尾和以-ue结尾的形容词要先去掉 e,然后再加-y或-lyterrible-terribly可怕地true-truly真正地gentle-gently温柔地simple-simply简单地possible-possibly可能地comfortable-comfortably 舒服地4.变动词(1)-en结尾的动词dark-darken 变暗 quick-quicken 力口快sharpfsharpen肖ij尖loosefloosen 松开softfsoften软化worsefworsen恶化light—lighten减轻，变亮broad—broaden加宽weaCweaken 削弱tightftighten变紧bright—brighten 使更明亮black-blacken变黑short-shorten缩短adj.一n.一v.dee尸depthfdeepen 力口深longflengthflengthen力口长wide一width一widen 加宽highfheightfheighten 力口强，提高strongfstrengthfstrengthen力口强(2)en-前缀的动词ablefenable 使能够largefenlarge 使扩大dangerfendanger使 遭受危险surefensure保证(3)-e结尾的动词(注意发音变化)bath一bathe 洗澡breath-breathe呼吸cloth-clothe 给 穿衣5.变否定in-,im-/il-,ir-active-inactive不活跃的experiencedfinexperienced缺乏经验的complete一incomplete不完整的dependentfindependent独立的significantfinsignificant不重要的capablefincapable 无能力的proper-improper不合适的appropriatefinappropriate 不合适的accuratefinaccurate 不精确的correct一incorrect 不正确的expensivefinexpensive不贵的formal—informal 非正式的；随便的convenientfinconvenient 不方便的direct—indirect 间接的mature一immature不成熟的patient-impatient 不耐烦的perfectfimperfect 不完美的possiblefimpossible 不可能的polite—impolite不礼貌的logical—illogical 不合逻辑的legal