新人版小学英语常用介词用法总括

..英语介词用法总括1.in序号功能含义理解核心典型例句1表示时间在某段时间朝代、世纪、年、季、月、早、下午、晚上、过去等不具体的、模糊的时间段。

inTangdynasty;inthe19thcentury;in1980;inthisyear;inspring;inaweek;inamonth;inthemorning/afternoon；inJuly2表示位置在某个地方国家、区、省、市、区、太空、天空等…

<自然意义上的地方>inChina;inhubei;inBeijing;inthesky在某个场所车、教室、超市等

<注意和at的区别,at一般用在：家、角、店、站、口等可能有和露天接触的地方>inthetrain;intheclassroom;甲处于乙中…有全身在某种环境之中的含义。Weareintheclassroom;

Theyaresittingintheshadeofatree；

3表示将来在…以后用在一般将来时中,是从"现在时间点往后.."Theywillcomebackin10days.4语言

单位

材料/关于"材料",注意和with在这个用法上的区别。<with偏向"工具",in偏向"材料">IwroteanovelinRussian；

5状态

方面

服饰/状态：既可以指人的状态,也可指物的状态；方面：既可指具体,也可指抽象方面；服饰：尤以颜色和状态常考Hewasn’tingoodhealth,sotalkinlowvoice.

Ourcountryinrichinnaturalresources;

Heisinredshoestoday.2.on序号功能含义理解核心典型例句1表示时间在某天或一天内的某个时间段具体的某一天or某日的早、中、晚。〔时间前有定语修饰特指onSunday<Mon.Tues…>;onMay12th1998;onthenightofOct.29th;onWed.morning;onacoldnight;onChildren’sDay<核心提示：所有的阳历节日都是用on>2表示位置〔具体在……上面与物体表面相接触〔注意与above\over的区别Therearealotofbooksontheshelf;

onthefloor\playground\road\roof\onthefarm\onthemarket<常考>ontheface;onthehead;〔抽象在……上面收音机、电视、、网络、手机、问题、纸张

〔所有有形的,无形的"新闻媒体上"都是用ononTV;ontheradio;ontheinternet;onthephone在……〔边上左、右、两边ontheleft;ontheright;onbothsides;

thereisahotelonthelake.3表示状态处于…状态人或者物的目前状态;onduty;onshow;onfire;onstrike;onsale;onbusiness;onschedule;ontime;onthecountry；onscale;onsale4表示关系关于…文章or论著

〔高中阶段掌握on指专门论述〔注意和about相区别IwantabookonSouthAfrica.

Hewroteanarticleontheimportanceofbirthcontrol.靠……相当于dependon的含义Thepeopleinthesouthliveonrice;

Youcan'taffordtheexpensiveringonanincomeof1000yuanamonth;onfoot5特定时间一…就…

〔高中阶段掌握相当于assoonas+主语的含义onenteringtheroom,hefoundhisfriendsdancing；初中阶段应掌握

In的常见短语

介词短语Onthespot当场；立即；ontherun在逃跑中；ontheair在广播中；onfire着火；ontime准时；onduty值日；onstrike罢工；onsale上市；onthecountry相反地；onschedule按时间表,准时;onbusiness公事；ondisplay在展出；ontheonehand一方面；ontheotherhand另一方面；onone’swayto在…路上；onone’sown=byoneself;ontopof;andsoon等等；onpurpose故意,专门

特别注意：乘坐交通工具都用by,但onfoot步行；onhorse骑马；ondonkey骑驴动词短语bringon引起,导致；callon

号召,拜访；decideon决定;dependon依靠,取决于；geton上车；相处；进展;goon继续;getonwith进展,相处；lookon旁观,观望；lookon…as把……看/当作;lookdownon看不起,轻视；passon传递,传交；handon传递下去；puton

表演,上演；戴/穿上；假装；takeon呈现,具有；流行；承担,雇用；turnon打开〔灯,气,水,电器等；workon

继续工作,钻研〔学问或技术;carryon继续开展,坚持;hold

on继续；<>不挂断；抓牢,坚持;tryon试穿。3.at序号功能含义理解核心典型例句1表示时间在…时刻\岁时in是时间段,at是时间点,相对更精确atnoon;atnight;atmidnight;atdawn;atlunch;atbreakfast;atsupper;at

dinner;atthemoment;atthesametime;atonce;atthebeginningof;attheend

of;attheageof;atdaybreak；atsunrise;at

sunset;at7o’clock……at〔ontheweekend常考2表示地点在……位置或场所家、脚、角、店、站、口、底、中心、核心atthefootof;atthecornerof;atthecrossroads;atthegateof;atthebottomof;atthetopof;atthecenterof;atadistance;attheedgeof;athome;atthebarbar’s;attheairport;atthestation;at405VictoryRoad…3表示度速度以…速度Thecarranat120milesanhour;Atfullspeed温度在…度Waterusuallyboilsat100°;At10degreescentigrade价格按…价格Thepenwassoldatagoodprice;atlowcost4表示方向朝…,向…表示动作的方向aimat向..瞄准；shoutat向..大喊；throwat向..扔；smileat向..微笑；rushat向..冲去;fireat向..开火5表示原因由于〔高中阶段掌握一般用在系表结构中,对形容词的原因进行说明I

wassurprisedatthenews;

He

wasdiscouragedathisfailure6表示能力擅长于…固定考点：begoodat;bebadat;an

expertatHe

isgoodatdrawing<at后接名词或动名词>初中阶段应掌握

In的常见短语

介词短语at

first首先,开始时；atlast;atmost;atleast至少；atallevents无论如何；athome在家,无拘束；ataloss不知怎办；atanyrate不管怎样；atlength详细地；beathightide处于高潮期；atourinvitation应我们的邀请；atourrequest应我们的请求；atthenews听到这消息；attheriskof冒……危险；atagreatexpense以巨大费用；atintervalsof每隔；atthesightof一见到atthepointof接近,靠近；atthethoughtof一想到；atthespeedof以……速度；atthecost<price>of以……为代价；atleisure闲着、失业；atstake在危险中、在成败关头；atbottom实际上、本质上；atshortnotice一得到通知;atseeingus看到我们；atthepresentstage在现阶段；attheweekend周末；atalltimes永远；动词短语callat访问〔某地；comeat袭击,攻击;getat意指,本意是；理解；到达;knock

at敲打〔门窗,敲击;lookat看;workat从事,致力于,钻研;laughat嘲笑；glareat怒目而视；glanceat匆匆一瞥；pointat指向

4.about序号含义理解核心典型例句1关于、有关Thisisabookabouthowtostudyenglish2大约…,近于…表示时间或数量I

willbewithyouinabout3minutes;

Thereareabout30studentsintheclassroom.3到处,在…周围,附近相当于hereandthereHe

walkedaboutthestreet.4What

about…?<习惯用语>about为介词,所以后接动词ing形式What

abouttakingabreak?动词短语goabout着手,四处走走;setabout着手,开始;worryabout为…担心;comeabout发生;careabout关心、在意;bringabout引起,带来,导致;knockabout漫游；look

about四处看看,四处环顾；setaboutdoing着手做,开始；turnabout向后转；thinkabout考虑〔是否去做；argueabout争论;knowabout了解;hearabout听说;askabout询问;chatabout闲聊;quarrelabout争吵;speak／talkabout谈论;complainabout报怨5.above序号含义理解核心典型例句1高于,在…之上表示位置、地位、年龄、价格、量<重、数、度>、音调等The

mountainis2000metersabovethesealevel〔位置;

Iknowyou'reabovemesocially,butImustsayyouarerudeman<职位>

Theoldladyisaboveeighty〔年龄;

There

areabovefortygirlstudentsintheclass〔数量;

Ourprivatecarweighs1.8tons<重量>；

Anymoneyearnedoverthatlevelistaxed<度量>2非…能力所及,超出能力、行为、品质等Themathsproblemisaboveme;

Honestaboveeverythingelse;

Heisabovedoingsuchthings<他不至于做出那样的事情来>介词短语aboveall首先,最重要的是,最要紧的是；

Hewasaboveallagoodand

tirelesswriter;aboveall,wemustbehealth

6.across序号含义理解核心典型例句1横过、穿过表示动作的方向He

swamacrosstheriver;

The

policemanhelpedtheoldmanwalkacrossthestreet.2在对面,在那一边表示位置上的对应关系,在隔着的对面He

livesacrossthestreet;

Japan

liesacrossthepacificocean常见短语Comeacross偶遇；getacross横穿马路；能理解,被听懂；runacross偶遇,横跨；

7.against序号含义理解核心典型例句1撞到、紧靠表示动作的方向,有靠、撞击的意思I

havehitmyheadagainstawall;

She

stoodwithherbackagainstthetree;

The

rainbeatagainstthewindows2反、逆、违背反对〔赞成的反义

逆方向;

违背〔意愿等Are

youfororagainsttheplan?

There

were20votesforherand12againsther;

He

isswimmingagainstthiscurrent.

She

diditagainstherownwill3以防〔大学阶段掌握此用法They

savedmoneyagainstoldage.4表示陪衬<高中阶段掌握此用法>The

redflagisflutteringagainstthebluesky;

His

redclothesstookoutclearlyagainstthesnow.常见短语Goagainst违反、违背、反对；standagainst反对,不支持；turnagainst〔转而反对,背叛；runagainst违反,偶然遇到；fightagainst与……斗争；

overagainst正对着,在……对面

〔fe:helivedoveragainsttheschool

8.after序号含义理解核心典型例句1〔时间、顺序、位置在…之后表时间时,后面跟的是个时间点Afterbreakfastheorderedataxi.

Afteryou,please.

2探求、追求、追寻、找与be动词或其它动词合用时,有此含义A

policeisrunningafterathief;

Heisafterajobatourplace;

3按照、仿照、依照、效仿相当于accordingto的含义Makesentenceaftertheexample

Theynamedthebuildingafterthescientist.4由于,尽管高级用法,高中阶段掌握Afterallhisefforts,Johnhasfailed.常见短语介词短语dayafterday日复一日；yearafteryear年复一年；oneafteranother一个接一个地,相继；afteralittle/moment/while过了一会；afterall毕竟,终究；动词短语Lookafter照顾,照看；

9.along序号含义理解核心典型例句1顺着,沿着表具体：沿着具体物体的边缘Wewalkedalongthestreet.2顺着,沿着表抽象：沿着抽象事物的方向发展

〔该用法为along的副词用法Mylifeisgoingalong

nicely常见短语1.alongwith与…一起<Thebaby'smotherescapedfromthefirealongwithtwootherchildren>；

2.allalong一直〔I've

beenfoolingmyselfallalong

3.bringalong把…带来,领来;使发展〔Didyoubringalongsomebooks?

4.comealong

出现；沿着……过来；加油；进展

5.geton/along〔with..进展；相处10.among序号含义理解核心典型例句1在…之中；在..中间表具体：三者或者三者以上之中Ifoundhimamongthecrowd

Please

dividethecakeamongyoufour表抽象Mostimportantamongthecountry’sproblemsisthelackofhealthfacilities.2……之一相当于oneof的功能Einsteinisamongthegreatestscientists备注-among与between的区别：三者与两者之间的区别。但在下列情况,between可用于三者：<1>当两个以上的人或物用

and连接时：betweenA,BandC在A、B、C之间；<2>涉及事物之间的区别或各国之间的关系时：thedifferencebetweenthe

threeofthem他们三者之间的区别therelationsbetweenvarious

countries各国之间的关系；<3>表示"由于…合作的结果"时：Betweenthemtheylandedthefish.他们协力把鱼拖上了岸。<4>在divide,

share等表示"分享"之类的动词之后,若接一个表示三者或三者以上的复数名词时,用amongbetween均可：Hedividedhismoneyamong[between]his

fivesons.他把钱分给了5个儿子。11.as序号含义理解核心典型例句1作为,当作注意和asfor的区别

<asfor为至于,关于>Don’t

treatmeasachild;

Ispeaknowasafriend,notasateacher.

Asforme,Idon’tmindgoingtherebytrain;2当…时候,在…同时as当"连词"时的用法The

playstartedasIgotthere;

As

Iwasachild,Ilikedsingingverymuch3正如,就像As

youcansee,wearestillworking.因为,由于We

haveaverywonderfulTV,butwe

hardly

watchit

aswehavesomuchhousework

todo.注1.

As….as像….一样〔thelittlegirlovertherelooksas

beautifulasmydaughter2.aslongas只要<fe:Aslongasyoucankeepaway

fromthem,you'resafe>

3.asamatteroffactadv.事实上〔fe:I'mleavingforBeijing

tomorrow,asamatteroffact.

4.asawholeadv.总体上<fe:Wemustconsiderthesematters

asawhole>

5.asfarasadv.远到,直到,至于<

6.asif好象……似的仿佛……一样

7.aswellasadv.也,又

8.aswell也〔fe:Wateriscolourless,airas

well

9.notsomuch...as...与其说...不如说是...<fe:Heis

notsomuchawriterasareporter>

10.

suchas像,例如；譬如；诸如〔fe:Manybasicfoodstuffs,suchas

breadandmilk,aretax-free

11.

lookon….as把….看作….12.

before序号含义理解核心典型例句1在…以前；

在…前面；

在…之前表示时间Wehavetofinishtheworkbefore10o’clock.

Hemadeaspeechbeforealotofaudience.Hearrivedbeforeme.表示位置表示顺序2以前,以往〔此时Before做副词ShehadneverbeentoItalybefore3在…以前〔此时before做连词IwanttothinkitoverbeforeIdecideaboutit常用短语beforelong不久；Ihopetoseeyouagainbeforelong

longbefore很久以前

We'veseenthatfilmlongbefore13.behind序号含义理解核心典型例句1比…晚；迟于…表示时间Your

ideasarebehindthetimes;

He

arrivedtenminutesbehindtime.2在…后面表示位置He

hidehimselfbehindthetree.

There

issomeonebehindyou.3落后于,低于,不如表抽象：表示力量、能力等I

amfarbehindyouinEnglish

John’s

behindtherestoftheclassinreading.4支持；作为…的后盾此时相当于support的作用He

hadhismotherbehindhim.常用短语1.behind

schedule不准时

2.behind

thetimes过时的

3.behind

thecurtain在幕后

4.far

behind在后面很远,把…远远的甩在身后

5.left

behind遗留,留下〔被动语句中更常用14.below序号含义理解核心典型例句1在…以下具体：表示位置

〔below含某个水平线或水平面以下的意思,而under是某个物体以下Don’t

writeyouranswerbelowthisline;

Fish

wereswimmingbelowthesurfaceofthewater.2低于,在..以下表示年龄He

can’tbebelowfifty.3表示能力、级别、价值、程度、数量等He

isbelowmeintheclass;

His

incomeisbelowtheaverageincomeinthearea；

During

thenight,temperaturesdroppedbelowzero.15.beside序号含义理解核心典型例句1在…旁边；在..附近表具体位置：表示地点He

satbesideherallnight;

I

wanttobuyabeautifulbesidetheriver.2和…相比引申用法<大学阶段掌握>Beside

his,mytroubleisnothing;

My

workconditionlookspoorbesidehers短语Bebesideoneself<withsth>

因…而忘形,失去控制Iwasbesidemyselfwithjoy.16.besides序号含义理解核心典型例句1除..以外〔还有注意和except的区别

〔except用来引出陈述中唯一不适用的事物、情形、人或想法,是从整体中除去；而besides只是特别强调而已Besides

English,wehavetostudymath,Chineseandsoon.

Besides

cancer,smokingcanleadotherdiseases

She

isanicegirlexceptabitugly.

There

wasn'tanythingintheboxexceptafewdirtyclothes2另外,再说〔此时当副词I

don'tlikethatnewdictionary,besides,it'stooexpensive17.between序号含义理解核心典型例句1在…之间〔两者

<常和and常用>具体：表示时间、位置、数量Thelunchhourisbetween11and

13pm;

Shanxiprovinceisbetweenhenan

andgansu

Thetemperatureisbetween25

degreeand30allweek2抽象：表示比较、分配、关系、性质等What’sthedifferencdebetween

womenandman?

Theysharedthechocolatebetween

thetwoofthem;

Therelationsbetweenteachersand

studentsareexcellent

Myjobisbetweenasecretaryand

apersonalassistant.18.beyond序号含义理解核心典型例句1在…的那边；

在…以外；表示具体位置：在某物体的范围之外Theairportis20milesbeyondthe

town;

Whatliesbeyondthemountains?2超出,高于表示抽象的范围、限度等Thisbookisbeyondme;

Heislivingbeyondhisincome;

ThebeautyofWestLakeiabeyondwords;

Thewatchisdamagedbeyondrepair3