不定代词用法及练习上课讲义

不定代词不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词,在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语。I.不定代词包括：all,both,every,each,either,neither,more,(a)little,(a)few,much,many,another,other,some,any,one以及some,something,anything,everything,somebody,someone,anybody,anyone,nothingnobody,noone,none,everybody,everyone.等。一般来讲，修饰不定代词的词要置于其后。n,不定代词用法为：不定彳^词+(of+限定词)+名词注意：of后一定要有限定词both,all可以直接接限定词the出.几组常用不定代词的区别：代词比较one,that和it。that和it表示特指。。that和it表示特指。that与所指名词为同类，但不是同一个，而it与所指名词为同一个Ican'tfindmyhat.IthinkImustbuyone.ThehatyouboughtisbiggerthanthatIbought.Ican'tfindmyhat.Idon'tknowwhereIputit.some与any的区别some多用于肯定句，表示“一些，几个”作形容词时，后面可以接①不可数名词+单数动词；②可数名词+复数动词。Look!Someofthestudentsarecleaningthelibrary.Somericeinthebaghasbeensoldout.any多用于疑问句、条件句和否定句中，表示“一些，任何”用作形容词时，后面可以接①不可数名词+单数动词；②可数名词+复数动词。Haveyougotanytea?Ifyouhaveanyquestions,pleaseaskme.Thereisn'tanyorangeinthebottle.any和some也可以作代词用，表示"一些"。any多用于疑问句或否定句中，some多用于肯定句中。---Howmanypeoplecanyouseeinthepicture?---Ican'tseeany.Ifyouhavenomoney,I'lllendyousome.注意：与some,any结合的词如something,somebody,someone,anything,anyone,anybody在肯定句、否定句、疑问句、条件句中的用法，大致和some,any的用法相同。注意：something,everything,nothing,anything,somebody,everybody,nobody(=noone),anybody,nonefew,afew,little,alittle在用法上的区别(a)few+可数名词,(a)little+不可数名词afew/alittle为肯定含义，还有一点few/little为否定含义，没有多少了。Hehasafewfriends.他有几个朋友。Hehasfewfriends.他几乎没有朋友。Westillhavealittletime.我们还有点时间。Thereislittletimeleft.几乎没剩下什么时间了。固定搭配：onlyafew(=few)notafew(=many)quiteafew(=many)manya(=many)Manybooksweresold.Manyabookwassold.alittle和little也可以用作副词，alittle表示“有点，稍微”,little表示“很少”I'malittlehungry.(修饰形容词hungry)Lethimsleepalittle.(修饰动词sleep)Mary,goalittlefaster,please.(修饰副词比较级)Shesleptverylittlelastnight.other,theother,another,others,theothers的区另U。用法代名词形容词单数复数单数复数不定anotherothersanother(boy)other(boys)另一个别人，其他人另一个（男孩）其他男孩特定theothertheotherstheother(boy)theother(boys)另一个其余那些人、物另一个男孩其余那些男孩other可以作形容词用，后面可以跟单数或复数名词，意思是“其他的、别的”。Wherearehisotherbooks?Ihaven'tanyotherbooksexceptthisone.other也可以用作代词，与冠词the连用构成"theother”,表示两个人或物中的“另一个”。常与one搭配构成“one...,theother...”句型。Hehastwobrothers.Oneis10yearsold,theotheris5yearsold.Sheheldarulerinonehandandanexercise-bookintheother.3)other作代词用时，可以有复数"others”,泛指“另外的人或物”。常与some搭配构成"some....,others...”句型。Somewenttothecinema,otherswentswimming.Thiscoatistoolarge.Showmesomeothers,please.“theothers”表示特指某范围内的“其他的人或物”。Wegothomeby4o'clock,buttheothersdidn'tgetbackuntil8o'clock.InourclassonlyTomisEnglish,theothersareChinese.another可以作形容词用，修饰后面的名词，意为“另一个”，还可以跟代词one.Youcanseeanothershipinthesea,can'tyou?Marydoesn'twanttobuythisskirt.Wouldyoupleaseshowheranotherone?another也可以作代词用，表示“另一个"。I'mstillhungryafterI'vehadthiscake.Pleasegivemeanother.every和each的用法every强调全体的概念，each强调个体概念。Everystudentinourschoolworkshard.Eachstudentmayhaveonebook..every指三个以上的人或物(含三个),each指两个以上的人或物(含两个)。every不可以作状语，each可作状语。every有反复重复的意思，如everytwoweeks等；each没有。every与not连用，表示部分否定；each和not连用表示全部否定。Everymanisnothonest.Eachmanisnothonest.all和both的用法。all和both都表示整体，但all者B,指三者以上。both者B,指两者。在句中都可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语和定语。AllofuslikeMr.Pope.我们都喜欢Pope先生。（作主语）=WealllikeMr.Pope.（作同位语）Allthewaterhasbeenusedup.（作主语）That'sallfortoday.（作表语）Whynoteatall（of）thefish?（作宾语）Alltheleadersarehere./Allknowledgecomesfrompractice.（作定语）neither和none。both和all加否定词是部分否定。如果表示全部否定，要分别用j"neither和none。I.Neitherofusisgoodatsinging.IAlloftheteachersarenotforeigners.Noneoftheteachersareforeigners..注意：all与none用法一样。跟单数名词，用单数动词；跟复数名词，用复数动词。Allofthestudentsarethere.All（of）themilkisthere.neither与nor的用法如前句是否定式从句，则主句用neither,而不用nor。Ifyoudon'tdoit,neithershouldI.如果你不干，我也不干。2)如后连续有几个否定句式，则用nor,不用neitheroHecan'tsing,nordance,norskate.neither和either的用法neither表示"两者都不"，neither-nor…意为"既不…又不…”。either表示“两者中的任何一个”,either…or…意为"或是,或是”Neitheroftheanswerisright.Ihaveneithertimenormoneytotakeatrip.Eithersentenceisright.Youcaneithergoorstay.many,much的用法Many,much都意为"许多"，many+可数名词，much+不可数名词。Howmanypeoplearethereatthemeeting?Manyoftheworkerswereatthemeeting..anyone/anyone;noone/none的用法anyone和anyoneanyone仅指人，anyone既可指人，也可指物。noone和nonenone后跟of短语，既可指人又可指物，而noone只单独使用，只指人。none作主语，谓语动词用单，复数均可，而noone作主语谓语动词只能是单数。Noneofyoucouldliftit.你们中没有人可举起它。----Didanyonecallmeupjustnow?--刚才有人打电话给我吗？—Noone.--没^后‘。11、代词it的用法：1）指代前面提到过的事物。如：Ofcourse,Ilovejunkfoodtoo,butItrytoeatitonlyonceaweek.2）用来代替指示代词this或that。如：---What'sthis?---It’sapencil.3）指婴儿或不明身份的人。如：Someoneisknockingatthedoor,pleasegoandseewhoitis.4）指时间和季节。如：---What'sthetimenow?---It'steno'clock.5）表天气。如：---What’stheweatherliketoday?---It’ssunny.6）表距离。如：Howfarisitfromyourhometoyourschool?7）用作形式主语，常用于下列句型中：Itisadj.+（forsb）todosth.如：Itisimportantforustoworkhard.It'stimetodo/for/that••如：It'timetogetup/forlunch/fthatwewenthome.Itseemsthat…Itseemsthatheisquitehappy.It'sone'sturntodo…It'yourturntoanswermyquestion.It'+adj.+that••如：It'necessarythatyoushouldbepresentatthemeeting.8)作形式宾语。如：Doyouthinkitnecessarytolearntowaitinline?9)引导强调句型Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分”。如：Itwasyesterdaythatwewenttoseeafilm.巩固练习：I.Choosethebestanswer()1.Thisisaveryoldsong,soyoungpeopleknowit.A:fewB:littlec:afewD:alittle()2.Thetwofishermensawintheskywhiletheywerefishingbyariver.A:somethingstrangeB:anythingstrangeC:strangesomethingD:strangeanything()3.Therearen'tmanyorangeshere,butyoucantakeifyouwantto.A:fewB:afewC:alittleD:little()4.Therearetwentyteachersinthisgrade.Eightofthemarewomenteachersandarementeachers.A:theotherB:theothersC:othersD:other()5.Mysportsshoesaretoosmall.Iwanttobuypair.A:theothersB:theotherC:otherD:another()6.Ididn'tlikethecrosstalk.oftheactorswasfunny.A:BothB:AllC:NeitherD:Either()7.ofushasreadthestory.A:SomeB:BothC:AllD:None()8.Studentsareusuallyinterestedinsports.Somelikerunning,somelikeswimming,likeballgames.A:theothersB:othersC:theotherD:other()9.Therearemanyhigh-risesonsideofHuaihaiRoad.Whatamagnificentview!A:eitherB:neitherC:bothD:all()10.ShanghaiWaihuantunnelisalreadyopentotraffic,soitwilltakeustimetogotoPudongInternationalAirport.A:afewB:fewerC:alittleD:less()11.Notlongago,ourcountrysetuparocketwithtwosmallsatellitesintospace.Oneweighed204kilosand25kilos.A:anotherB:otherC:othersD:theother\()12.Inordertokeephealthy,youshouldeatfastfood,freshvegetablesandtakeenoughexercise.A:fewer;fewerB:less;moreC:fewer;moreD:less;less()13.LiuXiangandYaoMingareworld-famoussportsstars.ofthemhavesetagoodexampletous.A:AllB:NeitherC:BothD:None()14.Mr.Smithisquitebusytoday.Hehasmeetingstoattend.A:littleB:alittleC:fewD:afew().15.Obeythetrafficrulesandlearntoprotectyourself.ismoreimportantthanlife.A:NothingB:SomethingC:EverythingD:Anything()16.Canwedoourworkbetterwithmoneyandpeople?A:less,fewB:less,fewerC:little;,lessD:few,less()17.HehastwoflatsinLondon.However,isnew.A:bothB:neitherC:allD:none()18.Thereiswithyourwatch.Itgetsslowereveryday.A:nothingwrongB:somethingwrongC:wrongsomethingD:wrongnothing()19.Itseemsthathehasgottoshowus.Let'sgoandenjoyit.A:somethinginterestingB:interestingsomethingC:nothingsomethingD:interestingnothing()20.ofyouranswerisright.Pleasetryathirdtime.A:NeitherB:NoneC:EitherD:Both()21.KathyAliceathomelastSunday.A:Neither,nor,wereB:Both,and,wasC:Either,or,wasD:Notonly,butalso,were()22.ofthewinnershasbeenawardedaprize.A:EveryB:everyoneC:EachD:Both()23.Thereisinkinmypen.Wouldyougiveme?A:little,alittleB:alittle,littleC:few,afewC:afew,few()24.Thedaysinwinterareshorterthaninsummer.A:thoseB:thatC:theseD:them()25.Theydon'tgotoEuropeforholiday,.A:neitherwillweB:neitherdoweC:sowillweD:sowewill()26.Itmustbeyourfirsttimetomeeteachother.Letmedotheintroduction.isMr.Smith.A:HeB:ThereC:ThisD:That()27.I'mhungry.Iwanttoeat.cando.A:something,SomethingB:anything,AnythingC:something,AnythingD:anything,Something()28.ofuslikesthissonginourclass.A:NoneB:NooneC:AllD:Both()29.Ihaveasisterandtwobrothers.ofthemarenowinJapan.A:BothB:EveryoneC:EitherD:All()30.Isthereanywaterinthebottle?No,.A:noneB:nothingC:notmanyD:quiteafew()31.Herworkisbetterthaninourclass.A:anyoneB:anyone'sC:anyone'selseD:anyoneelse's()32.Whichdoyouprefer,theredoneorthegreenone?A:NoneB:AnyC:EitherD:Every()33.isinterestedinsuchasillyplay.A:NooneB:NoneofusC:AllofusD:Wealln.RewritethesentencesasrequiredBothTomandTimaregoodatsports.(改为否定句)TomTimgoodatsports.Thisproblemissodifficultthatnobodycanworkitout.（保持原意）Thisproblemisdifficultfortoworkout.Allofthemareteachers.（改为否定句）ofthemateacher.Thisansweriswrong.Thatanswerisalsowrong.（保持句意）thisanswerthatoneisright.三、用some,any,no,every与thing,one,body构成的复合不定代词填空。Don'tworry.Thereiswrongwithyou.Ifyoudon'ttellaboutit,willknow.—Canyouhear?-Yes,butIcantsee'.Pleasegetreadyatonce.We'llgoatnineo'clock.Wouldyouliketoeat?Istherehere?Iwantsomehelp.Listen!iscoming.wasinterestedinthegame.历年中考真题回顾：-Wow!You'vegotsomanyclothes.--Butofthemareinfa