外科学总论练习题英文-肿瘤

ThemostusefulserummarkerfordetectingrecurrentdiseaseaftertreatmentofnonseminomatoustesticularcancerisCarcinoembryonicantigen(CEA)A-fetoprotein(Al'P)Prostate-specificantigen(PSA)CAI25P53oncogeneAnedentulous72-year-oldmanwitha50-yearhistoryofcigarettesmokingpresentswithanontender,hardmassinthelateralneck.ThesimplestwaytoestablishanaccuratehisologicaldiagnosisofaneckmasssuspectedtobecancerousisFineneedleaspirationcytologybBonemarrowbiopsyc・NasopharyngoscopyCTscanoftheheadandneckSinusx-ray3・Whichofthefollowingistrueregardingintravenousadministrationofchemotherapy?Subcutaneousextravasationofcarmustine(BCNU)or5-fluorouracil(5-FU)usuallycausesulcerationExtravasationofdoxorubicinrarelycausesseriousulcerationbecausetheagentbindsquicklytotissuenucleicacidSeriousandprogressiveulcerationcanbeexpectedfollowingextravasationofvincristineorvinblastineProblemsofwoundhealingshouldbeanticipated讦systemic5-FUtherpyisbegunlessthan2wkpostoperativelyAdministrationoffolinicacidpreventsmostofthetoxicityofmethotrexate,butdoesnothelptonormalizewoundhealingForwhichofthefollowingmalignanciesdoeshistologicgradebestcorrelatewithprognosis?LungcancerMelanomaColonicadenocellularcarcinomad・Hepatocellularcarcinomae.SofttissuesarcomaAmothernoticesanabdominalmassinher3-year-oldsonwhilegivinghimabathThereisnohistoryofanysymptoms,buttheboy'sbloodpressureis105/85mmHg.Metastaticworkupisnegativeandthepatientisexplored.Themassbelowisfoundwithintheleftkidney.Whichofthefollowingthefollowingstatementsconcerningthisdiseaseiscorrect?Thistumorisassociatedwithaniridia,hemihypertrophy,andcryptochidismThemajorityofpatientspresentwithanasymptomaticabdominalmassandhematuriaTreatmentwithsurgicalexcision,radiation,andchemotherapyresulitsinsurvivaloflessthan60%eveninhistologicallylow-gradetumorsSurgivcalexcisioniscurativeandnofurthertreatmentisordinarilyadvisedThistumoristhemostcommonmalignancyinchildhoodAn11-year-oldgirlpresentstoyourofficebecauseofafamilyhistoryofmedullarycarcinomaofthethyroid.Physicalexaminationisnormal.Whichofthefollowingtestswouldyouperform?a. Urinevanillylmandelicacid(VMA)bSeruminsulinlevelcSerumgastrinlevelSerumglucagonlevelSerumsomatostatinlevelRegardingtheriskofbreastcancer,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?BreastcanceroccursmorecommonlyamongwomenofthelowersocialclassesAhistoryofbreastcancerinafirst-degreefamilyrelativeisassociatedwithafourfoldincreaseinriskWomenwithafirstbirthafterage30yearshaveapproximatelytwicetheriskofthosewithafirstbirthbeforeage18d・Cigarettesmokingincreasestheriskofbreastcancere.HairdyeshavebeenshowntoincreasetheriskofbreastcancerWhatistheprimarytoxicityofdoxorubicin(Adriamycin)?CardiomyopathyPulmonaryfibrosisPeripheralneuropathyUricacidnephropathyHepaticdysfunctionWhatisthemostcommoncauseofcancerdeathamongwomen?Breastcancerb・Ovariancancerc・ColoncancerEndometrialcancerLungcancerWhichofthefollowingagentscauseshemorrhagiccystitis?a.Bleomycinb・5-fluorouracilc. Cisplatind・Vincristinee.Cyclophosphamide11・Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueregardingcarcinoembryonicantigen(CEA)?a.CEAisanaccuratescreeningtestforprimarycolorectalcancerb・CEAlevelshavenotbeenhelpfulinthediagnosisofrecurrentcolorectalcancerCEAlevels,whenelevated,arehighlyspecificforcoloncancerCEAispresentinnormalcolonicmucosaPostoperativeCEAassayis70%accurateinpredictingtheappearanceoflivermetastaseswithinIyear12.Foreachstageinthetreatmentofthepatientbelow,selecttheappropriatenextstep.LefthemicolectomyRighthemicolectomySubtotalcolectomyTotalcolectomyHepaticwedgeresectionExternalbeamirradiation5・fluorouracilandleucovorinExternalbeamirradiationandchemotherapyAbdominalMRINofurthertreatmentA65-year-oldmanisadmittedtothehospitalwithcomplaintsofintermittentconstipationandmicrocyticanemiaBariumenemarevealsanonobstructing"applecore^lesionoftheproximalsigmoidcolon.Colonoscopyconfirmsthelocationofthemassandrevealsnoothersynchronouslesions.(SELECT1STEP)aThepatientundergoessurgeryandrecoversuneventfully.PathologyoftheresectedisreportedasDukesCwithnegativesurgicalma