There-be-句型、简单句讲解专用课件

并列句、Therebe

句型Howmanyapplesarethere

onthetree?Therearetwentyapplesonthetree.Howmanyapplesarethere

onthetreenow?Therearethirteenapplesonthetreenow.概念结构用法Therebe句型表示“存在…”“有”，其中be动词有时态和单复数变化。Therebe+主语（人或物名词）+地点therethere是个近视眼。

Thereisacatunderthetree.Therearetwodogsunderthetree.Thereisacatandtwodogsunderthetree.Therearetwodogsandacatunderthetree.Therebe有特点，主语放在be后面，单数主语用is，复数主语要用are。变否定很简单，be后要把not添。变疑问也不难，把be提到there前。否定疑问any换，就近原则多多练。Therebe口诀

教室里有很多桌子和凳子。Therearesomedesksandchairsintheclassroom.

运动场上有很多学生在打篮球。Therearemanystudentsplayingontheplayground.

椅子下有个美女躺着。Thereisabeautylyingunderthechair.

昨晚，中山路有两个人挨打了。ThereweretwomenbeateninZhongshanroadlastnight.语法大练兵连词简单句：只有一个主语或并列主语和一个谓语或并列谓语的结构，而句子各个成分都只由单词或短语表示。复合句：复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子。复合句中的主句和从句都具有完整的主语和谓语。主句是复合句的主体，可以单独存在；从句常常需要有个连词来引导，用来说明主句，不能单独存在。爸爸给我买了一件礼物，我非常喜欢。Myfatherboughtmeapresent,andIlikeitverymuch.他不仅会说英语，而且会说法语。HecanspeaknotonlyEnglishbutalsoFrench.她既会弹钢琴，又会弹吉他。Shecanplayboththepianoandtheguitar.我没看过那部电影她也没看过。NeitherInorshehasseenthefilm.表示顺延、并列关系的连词及并列句。并列句：简单句+并列连词+简单句and,both…and…,aswellas…,notonly…butalso…,neither…nor…Icanswimaswellasmybrother.表示转折关系的连词及并列句but,yet“然而”，while“而”，however“然而”露西喜欢红色，然而莉莉喜欢白色。LucylikesredwhileLilylikeswhite.他们又一样，又不一样。Theyarethesame,yetnotthesame.我想帮你，可是我真的不知道该做些什么。Iwanttohelpyou,butreallydon’tknowwhattodo.开始她不想去，但后来她改变了主意。Atfirstshedidn’twanttogo.Later,however,shechangedhermind.Tonyisacleverboy,______heusuallyfailsinChineseexams.A.soB.butC.or--Wastheboysaved?--No,Thedoctorstriedtheirbest,____theyfailed.A.andB.soC.but表示选择关系的连词及并列句or…,either…or…,ratherthan不是汤姆就是我受责备。TomorIamtobeblamed.努力学习，否则你考试就会失败。Studyhard,oryou’llfailtheexam.你可以待在家，也可以去钓鱼。Youcaneitherstayathomeorgofishing.我们应该植树而不是砍树。Weshouldplanttreesratherthancutdowntrees.表示因果关系的连词及并列句so,for,because,as,since,therefore…

早晨到了，因为鸟叫了。Itismorning,forthebirdsaresinging.天色不早了，所以我就回家了。Itwaslate,soIwenthome.我不得不熬夜，因为我有许多作业要做。Ihavetostayuplate,forIhavelotsofhomeworktodo.状语从句状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等，状语从句由从属连词引导，与主句连接，位于句首时，常用逗号与主句分开，位于句末时，其前一般不用逗号。状语从句根据其用途可分为时间状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、方式状语从句、目的状语从句等。时间状语从句When/while/as，before，after,since,not…until,assoonas当我妈妈进来的时候，我正在写作业。Iwasdoingmyhomeworkwhenmymothercamein.直到爸爸回来他才去睡觉。Hedidnotgotobeduntilhisfathercameback.等他讲话一停，我们就去喝点咖啡。Assoonashestopstalking,let’sgetsomecoffee.1.while,when,as这三个连词都可引导时间状语从句，但用法有所不同。1)当某事正在进行的时候，又发生了另一件事。While,when,as都可用来引导表示“背景”的时间状语从句。例如：As/When/WhileIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Inoticedapolicecar.2)当两个长动作同时进行的时候，最常用的是while。例如：Whilemotherwascookinglunch,Iwasdoingmyhomework.3)当两个动作都表示发展变化的情况时，最常用的是as。例如：Aschildrengetolder,theybecomemoreandmoreinterestedinthingsaroundthem.4)当两个短动作同时发生时，或表示“一边…一边…”时，最常用as。例如：Justashecaughtthefly,hegavealoudcry.Shelookedbehindfromtimetotimeasshewent.5)当从句的动作先于主句的动作时，通常用when。例如：Whenhefinishedhiswork,hetookashortrest.6)当从句是瞬间动作，主句是延续性动作时，通常用when。例如：WhenJohnarrivedIwascookinglunch.2.当主句是一般将来时态或祈使句，表示将来的意义时，从句用一般现在时，简称“主将从现”。我一到北京就给你打。I’llringyouupassoonasIgettoBeijing.3.until/till引导的时间状语从句①主句的谓语动词是延续性动词时，主句用肯定形式，表示这一动作或状态一直延续到until/till所表示的时间为止。我会一直等到你来看我。

I’llwaitforyoutillyoucometoseeme.②主句的谓语动词是非延续性动词时，用否定形式表示主句的动作直到until所表示的时间才发生。构成not…until,有时不用not，而用其他如never,nothing等表否定意义的词。我直到完成作业才去睡觉。Ididn’tgotobeduntilIfinishedmyhomework.Since引导的时间状语从句，表示“自……以来”，主句用一般现在时或现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。结构为：Ithasbeen…since+从句/itis…since+从句从肇庆学院毕业以后,我就一直在这所学校工作IhaveworkedinthisschoolsinceIgraduatedfromZhaoqingUniversity.我学英语10年了。Itis10yearssinceIbegantostudyEnglish.主句为一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。如果明天不下雨，我将去长城。I’llvisittheGreatWallifitdoesn’traintomorrow.2.“祈使句+and/or引导的结果状语从句”中，祈使句在意义上相当于一个条件状语从句。动一下脑子，你会找到方法的。Useyourhead,andyou’llfindaway.=Ifyouuseyourhead,you’llfindaway.原因状语从句通常用because,since,as引导。这三个词所表示的语气由because到as逐渐减弱，由why提出的问题用because回答。Because,since,as,for这四个词都可表原因，但用法有区别。1)如果原因构成句子的最主要部分，一般用because。因此，because引导的从句往往放在句末。例如：Istayedathomebecauseitrained.---Whyaren’tyougoing?---BecauseIdon’twantto.2)如果原因已被人们所知，或不如句子的其它部分重要，就用as或since。Since比as稍微正式一点。As和since引导的从句一般放在句子的开头。例如：Ashewasn’tready,weleftwithouthim.SinceIhavenomoney,Ican’tbuyanyfood.3)for用来补充说明一种理由，因此，for引导的从句几乎可以放在括号里。For引导的句子不放在句子的开头。例如：Idecidedtostopandhavelunch----forIwasfeelingquitehungry.1.引导目的状语从句的连词有sothat,inorderthat等，谓语中常含有may,might,can,could,will,would等情态动词。他必须早点起床，以便赶上第一班车。Hemustgetupearlysothathecancatchthefirstbus.2.当从句主语与主句主语一致时，可用soasto,inorderto.他夜以继日地工作为的是取得成功。Heworkeddayandnightinordertosucceed.由so…that,such…that引导的结果状语从句。1)so…that中的so是个副词，其后只能跟形容词或副词，而such...that中的such是个形容词，后接名词或名词短语。例如：I’msotiredthatIcan’twalkanyfarther.Itwassuchawarmdaythathewentswimming.2)如果在名词之前有many,much,little,few时，用so,不用such。例如：Hehassolittleeducationthatheisunabletogetajob.IhavehadsomanyfallsthatIamblackandblueallover.让步状语从句Though/although（尽管、虽然）,evenif（即使），whatever（无论什么）,wherever,whenever.无论你去哪，我都跟着你。Whereveryougo,Iwillgowithyou.无论你什么时候来，我都会等你。Wheneveryoucome,Iwillwaitforyou.1.不仅他，我也是一个学生。_______he_______I___astudent.2.如果明天不下雨，我们就去野餐。

If____________tomorrow,we___goto______________.3.他和他父母都不打算下午去购物。_____he_____hisparents__________goshopping4.他太年轻了还不能去上学。Heis_______young______gotoschool.5.我一完成工作就去钓鱼。I______gofishing___________Ifinishmywork.Notonlybutalsoamitdoesn’trainwillhave

a

picnicwillassoonastootoNeithernoraregoingto一、单句填空：用适当的连词填空。并列句1.Ithoughtyou’dbelatefortheconcert,______weendedupgettingthereaheadoftime.(湖南)2.Standoverthere______you’llbeabletoseetheoilpaintingbetter.(全国Ⅱ)3.Hefounditincreasinglydifficulttoread,______hiseyesightwasbeginningtofail.(山东)4.Theartistwasbornpoor,______poorheremainedallhislife.(重庆)but

and

for

and

5.Insomeplaceswomenareexpectedtoearnmoney_________menworkathomeandraisetheirchildren.(四川)6.Youhavefailedtwotests.You’dbetterstartworkingharder,______youwon’tpassthecourse.(北京)7.Realityisnotthewayyouwishthingstobe,northewaytheyappeartobe,______thewaytheyactuallyare.(湖南)while

or

but

8.Betweenthetwogenerations,itisoftennottheirage,______theireducationthatcausesmisunderstanding.(全国I)9.Hewasabouthalfwaythroughhismeal

_________afamiliarvoicecametohisears.(辽宁)10.IgrewupinAfrica_______atleastIshouldsaythatIspentmuchofthefirsttenyearsofmylifethere.(辽宁)

but

when

or

名词性从句11.Thecompaniesareworkingtogethertocreate_________theyhopewillbethebestmeansoftransportinthe21stcentury.(北京)12.__________wasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.(山东)13.Somechildrenwanttochallengethemselvesbylearningalanguagedifferentfrom______theirparentsspeakathome.(浙江)what

What

what

14.TomorrowisTom’sbirthday.Haveyougotanyidea________thepartyistobeheld?(陕西)15.Thenews______ourathleteswonanothergoldmedalwasreportedinyesterday’snewspaper.(上海)16.Thelasttimewehadgreatfunwas______wewerevisitingtheWaterPark.(天津)17.____________wantstostayinahotelhastopaytheirownway.(浙江)where

that

when

Whoever

18.Havingcheckedthedoorswereclosed,and________allthelightswereoff,theboyopenedthedoortohisbedroom.(湖南)19.Theseasideheredrawsalotoftouristseverysummer.Warmsunshineandsoftsandsmake______itis.(天津)20.Whynottryyourluckdowntown,Bob?That’s_________thebestjobsare.(浙江)

that

how

where

定语从句21.TheScienceMuseum,_________wevisitedduringarecenttriptoBritain,isoneofLondon’stouristattractions.(江苏)22.Chan’srestaurantonBakerStreet,___________usedtobepoorlyrun,isnowasuccessfulbusiness.(浙江)23.Alltheneighborsadmirethisfamily,_________theparentsaretreatingtheirchildlikeafriend.(安徽)which

which

where

24.Thegrowingspeedofaplantisinfluencedbyanumberoffactors,mostof_________arebeyondourcontrol.(湖南)25.Themanpulledoutagoldwatch,thehandsof_______weremadeofsmalldiamonds.(陕西)26.Theroadconditionsthereturnedouttobeverygood,__________wasmorethanwecouldexpect.(全国Ⅱ)27.Weshouldn’tspendourmoneytestingsomanypeople,mostof________arehealthy.(北京)28.Occasionsarequiterare______Ihavethetimetospendadaywithanykids.(山东)which

which

which

whom

when

29.TheywillflytoWashington,________theyplantostayfortwoorthreedays.(重庆)30.Laterinthischaptercaseswillbeintroducedtoreaders_________consumercomplaintshaveresultedinchangesinthelaw.(江西)31.Thevillagehasdevelopedalot_________welearnedfarmingtwoyearsago.(福建)32.Aftergraduationshereachedapointinhercareer__________shehadtodecidewhattodo.(江西)

where

where

where

where

33.Thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivity__________sight(看到)mattersmorethanhearing.(天津)34.Lastweek,onlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse,neitherof_________wantedtobuyit.(安徽)35.Itisreportedthattwoschools,bothof__________arebeingbuiltinmyhometown,willopennextyear.(四川)

where

whom

which

状语从句36.Nancyenjoyedherselfsomuch______shevisitedherfriendsinSydneylastyear.(福建)37.I’msorryyou’vebeenwaitingsolong,butit’llstillbesometime__________Briangetsback.(北京)38.TheresearchwilltakeJoanandPaulaboutfivemonths;itwillbealongtime______wemeetthemagain.(安徽)39.--DidyoureturnFred’scall?--Ididn’tneedto__________I’llseehimtomorrow.(北京)

when

before

before

because

40.--Whydidn’tyoutellhimaboutthemeeting?--Herushedoutoftheroom__________Icouldsayaword.(四川)41.“Youcan’thavethisfootballback__________youpromisenottokickitatmycatagain,”theoldmansaidfirmly.(广东)42.You’dbetternotleavethemedicine_________kidscangetatit.(山东)43.Intimeofseriousaccidents,__________weknowsomebasicthingsaboutfirstaid,wecansavelives.(重庆)before

until

where

if

44.Inpeace,too,theRedCrossisexpectedtosendhelp____________thereishumansuffering.(江西)45.Asmallcarisbigenoughforafamilyofthree________youneedmorespaceforbaggage.(全国Ⅱ)46.______hehadnothurthisleg,Johnwouldhavewontherace.(全国II)47.Youwillbesuccessfulintheinterview___________youhaveconfidence.(福建)

wherever

unless

If

once/if

48.Hisplanwassuchagoodone__________weallagreedtoacceptit.(陕西)49.______________________________theInternetisofgreathelp,Idon’tthinkit’sagoodideatospendtoomuchtimeonit.(湖南)50.Manyofthemturnedadeafeartohisadvice,even_____________theyknewittobevaluable.(浙江)51._____________hungryIam,Ineverseemtobeabletofinishoffthisloafofbread.(辽宁)that

Although/Though/While

though/if

However

52.Thelawyerrare