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英语导游词:客家土楼英语导游词:客家土楼英语导游词:客家土楼xxx公司英语导游词:客家土楼文件编号:文件日期:修订次数:第1.0次更改批准审核制定方案设计,管理制度Wondersontheearth倚山偎翠,方圆错落,似古堡巍峨苍朴,如现代体育馆气势恢弘,像地下冒出的“蘑菇”绚丽多彩,赛从天而降的“飞碟”壮观神奇,这就是永定客家土楼——独一无二的世界民居。以生土夯筑,却巧夺天工。安全坚固,防风抗震,冬暖夏凉,阴阳调和,处处洋溢着客家人的聪明才智。雕刻、楹联、书法、乡土气息浓郁的民俗风情,土楼的每一幅画卷,都令人流连驻足,生发无限遐思。
InthemountainousareasinthewesternpartofFujian,therearenumbersofearthbuildings,eitherroundorsquare.Thearchitecturalstructure,carvings,pillarcoupletsofthesedwellinghousesreflectthewisdomandcreativenessoftheHakkas.Whenyouvisittheuniquebuildingsoftheworld,youcanhardlytearyourselfawayfromthem.
TheHakkaswerepeoplewhosettledinFujianfromtheCentralPlainsofChina.Aftermorethan1,000yearsofstruggletheyformedtheiroriginalfolkcustomsintheirresidentialbuildingssuchastheirfood,drink,dressing,educationandreligion.ThesearethemaincomponentsofHakkasculture,ofwhichthemostuniqueistheearthbuildings.
TheearthbuildingswerebuiltwiththecombinationofgoodpointsofvariouskindsofChineseresidentialbuildingsaswellasthewisdomandcreativenessoftheancestorsoftheHakkassettlersinYongding.Theyarelikebrilliantpearlsamongstthearchitecturalbeautiesintheworld.Accordingtotheearlysettlers’philosophyofheavenandearth,whichheldthattheheavenwasroundandtheearthwassquare,earthbuildingsinYongdingincludevarietiesofsquareandroundhousescombinedtogether.ThousandsofthesebuildingswerebuiltintheQingDynasty,withthickwalls,ingeniousstructuresandvariousfunctionssuchasprotectionagainsthighwinds,earthquakesandhotandcoldweather.Theyalsoservedasaguardagainstenemies.Allthesebuildingswerefurnishedforliving,storageandcookingandcanaccommodateaclanofhundredsoffamilymemberstoliveahappylifetogether.
Withinthebuildings,thereareseveralpillarcouplets,carvings,examplesofancientcalligraphy,andotherculturaltreasures,whichreflecttheHakkasspiritofhardwork,thrift,creativenessandtheiremphasisoneducationanddeeppatriotism.
ZhenchengBuilding—themostmagnificentroundbuilding
振成楼—最富丽堂皇的圆楼
Amongalltheearthbuildings,ZhenchengBuildingisthemostmagnificent.Withthecombinationofvariousroundbuildingsintoone,itisregardedasamiraculouswonderbythousandsofexperts,scholarsandtouristswhohavebeenenchantedbyitsbeauty.
Builtin1912,atthecostof80,000silverdollars,theoveralldesignofthebuildingisacombinationofthetraditionalstyleoflocalresidentialbuildingsandthatoftypicalBeijingandWesternarchitecture.
CentralhallofZhenchengBuilding
Themainbuildingiscomposedofaninsideroundbuilding,anoutsideroundbuildingandacentralhall.Theoutsideringhasfourstories,whicharedividedintoeightcomponentsaccordingtoChina’straditionalEightDiagrams(八卦),witheachdiagramformingaseparatecourtyard.Variouscourtyardsareconnectedbycorridors,buteachdiagramisseparatedbyafirewall.
Onbothsidesofthemainbuilding,therearetwotwo-storiedhousesintheshapeofacrescent.Onewasusedasaschoolandtheotherwasresidedbyodd-jobmen.Theoverallexternalshapeofthebuildinglookslikeablackgauzecap(乌纱帽)wornbyfeudalofficialsinancienttimes,whichimpliesthattheownerhopedthathisoffspringcouldbesoremarkableastobecomeofficials.
ChengqiBuilding—thekingofroundbuildings
承启楼—土楼之王
Likeacitywithmanyringroads,thefour-storiedChengqiBuildinghasfourringsof400houses.Itenjoysahistoryofmorethan300years.Thepopulationofthebuildingoncereachedover600atthemost.NearlyonehundredfamilieslivedandworkedtogetherinthebuildingandformedahistoryofthedevelopmentoftheHakkassettlersinYongding.Itwasacclaimedasthepeakofperfectionbytouristsbothathomeandabroad.In1981,itwasenlistedinChina’sDictionaryofHistoricalsites.In1986,astampentitled“Fujian'sResidentialBuildings”,withitsdesignbasedonthisbuilding,waschosenasoneofthebeststampsintheworld.AnindoorsceneofHuanjiBuilding
HuanjiBuilding—themostmysteriousroundbuilding
环极楼—最神秘的土楼
HuanjiBuildingwasbuiltintheyearofthereinofGuangxu,QingDynasty.In1940,thewallofthebuildingwastornabout20×300cmapartbyasevereearthquake,whichdestroyedmanysquareearthbuildings.ButHuanjiBuildingremainedthereandthecrackwasrenovatedgraduallyaftertheearthquake.Allyoucanseenowareonlysomesmallcracks.
YijingBuilding—thetallestsquarebuilding
遗经楼—最高大的方楼
YijingBuilding,whichisfivestoriesand17metershigh,isthetallestearthbuildinginYongding.Coveringanareaof5hectares,ithas267rooms.Accordingtothelocalresidents,ifonebeginstoopenthewindowsatsunrise,havearestatlunchtimeandstarttoclosethewindowsafterwards,itwouldbesunsetwhenthelastwindowisfinal
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