人教版英语选修七-Unit2-Robots-知识点及语法归纳

人教版英语选修七-Unit2-Robots-知识点及语法归纳人教版英语选修七-Unit2-Robots-知识点及语法归纳人教版英语选修七-Unit2-Robots-知识点及语法归纳资料仅供参考文件编号：2022年4月人教版英语选修七-Unit2-Robots-知识点及语法归纳版本号：A修改号：1页次：1.0审核：批准:发布日期：核心单词desiren.渴望vt.想要常用结构：desiresth.渴望得到某物desiretodosth.希望/渴望做某事desirethatsb.(should)do要求……haveadesireforsth./todosth.渴望得到某物/希望做某事atone’sdesire照某人的希望Wealldesirehappinessandhealth.我们都希望幸福健康。Everyonehasadesireforsuccess,butnoteveryonedesirestogetrich.每个人都渴望成功，但并非人人都渴望金钱。Hedesiresyoutogotoseehimatonce.=Hedesiresthatyoushouldgotoseehimatonce.他要求你马上去见他。翻译句子（原创）①他想接受大学教育。②他们要我快点回来。③我请他立即回信。④她要你立即见她。⑤她应邀演奏了一曲。解析：①Hedesiredacollegeeducation.②Theydesiremetoreturnsoon.③Idesireanimmediateanswerofhis.④Shedesiresthatyou(should)seeheratonce.⑤Sheplayedapieceatothers’desire/bydesire.alarmn.警报vt.使……惊恐Weweremuchalarmedbythefireintheforest.森林失火使我们大为惊慌。常用结构：give/raisethealarm发警报ringthealarm敲警钟soundthealarm发警报;吹警报号take(the)alarmat对……感到吃惊;因……而惊恐bealarmedat...被……吓一跳Assoonashesawthesmoke,hesoundedthealarm.一看见烟雾，他就鸣响了警报。翻译句子看到孩子们在返校时遭遇车祸的消息，家长们很害怕。看到大火，社区的居民发出警报。答案：①Theparentstook(the)alarmatthenewsthattheirchildrencaughtatrafficaccidentwhenreturningtheschool.②Theresidentsinthecommunityraisedthealarmwhenseeingthegreatfire.accompanyvt.陪伴常用结构：accompanysb.toaplace陪伴某人去某地accompanysth.with/bysth.与……同时存在Heaccompaniedhisoldfathertothehospitaltoseewhat’swrongwithhisstomach.他陪他的老父亲去医院查看胃部出了什么问题。Thundersaccompaniedbyheavyraininthisseasonareverycommon.这个季节，雷鸣常常伴有大雨。翻译句子总统出现了,被六个健壮的保镖护随着。回到家乡，他的老同学们陪着他参观了这个城市。答案：①Thepresidentappearedandwasaccompaniedbysixstrongbodyguards.②Whenreturninghometown,hewasshownaroundthecityaccompaniedbyhisoldclassmates.envyn.&vt.妒忌；羡慕常用结构：envysb.doing/forsth.忌妒或羡慕某人做某事withenvy羡慕地；忌妒地betheenvyof是令人羡慕/忌妒的事物outofenvy出于妒忌Ienvyyouhavingsuchagoodfriend!我羡慕你有这么一位好朋友！Theylookedathernewcarwithenvy.他们羡慕地看着她的新车。Hewasfilledwithenvyofmeatmysuccess.他十分羡慕我的成功。Theyonlysaysuchunkindthingsaboutyououtofenvy.他们纯粹出于忌妒才说你这些坏话。联想拓展enviousadj.羡慕的；妒忌的beenviousof妒忌……；羡慕……翻译句子①她出于忌妒说了关于你的这些话。②汤姆妒忌他哥哥事业上的成功。答案：①Shesaidthesewordsaboutyououtofenvy.②Tomwasenviousofhisbrother’ssuccessinbusiness.重点短语5.reachfor伸手碰到/去拿/够到……Hereachedforhisgunwhenheheardtheenemy’ssound.当他听到敌人的声音时就伸手去拿自己的枪。Hereachedintohispocketforhiskeys.他把手伸到口袋里找钥匙。联想拓展reachto达到；触到within/outof/beyondone’sreach在某人伸手可及/够不到的距离单项填空Ikeepmedicinesonthetopshelf,outofthechildren’s_______.（2010·01·江苏徐州检测）A.reachB.handC.holdD.place解析：选A。考查固定搭配。outofone’sreach意为“在某人伸手够不到的距离”；符合句意“孩子够不着”。6.testout考验；试验Thismodelhadbeentestedoutbeforeitwasputintoproduction.这个型号经过试验后才进行大批量生产。Beforethelecture,theprofessorisusedtotestingoutthewholeexperiment.上课前，这个教授习惯先将整个实验试验一番。联想拓展testonsb./sth.在……(身上)做实验/试验have/takeatestin参加……考试翻译句子①成千上万的人们将参加这周日的公务员考试。②那个咨询顾问总是先将新的政策在他自己的公司里进行实验。答案：①TensofthousandsofpeoplewilltakeanentrancetestforgovernmentofficersthisSunday.②Theconsultantalwaystestingthenewpolicyonhisowncompanyfirst.7.ringup打电话给……Onarrivingattheairport,heranguphismothertosayeverythingwasOK.一到达机场，他就打电话给母亲报平安。联想拓展ringback回电话ringoff挂断电话;停止讲话ringabell唤醒(经常是模糊的记忆)ringupthecurtain开始(一场演出，一个事件或一次行动)Ihavetoringoffnowbecausemyfriendiswaitingforme.我朋友在等我，我得挂电话了。翻译句子①今早他刚起床就有人给他打电话了。见到老板进来，他赶紧挂断电话假装在工作。答案：①Themomenthegotupthismorning,someoneranghimup.②Seeinghisbosscoming,hehurriedtoringoffandpretendedtobeworking.8.leave...alone不打扰Leavehimaloneandhewillproduce.别打扰他，他会写出来的。Youshouldn’thaveleftAndyaloneinthemountains,itwasverydangerous.你不该将安迪一个人留在山上，因为那样非常危险。联想拓展leavebehind留下,遗留leaveaside(把某事)搁置一边leavefor出发前往leaveout省去;遗漏;不考虑Hewasaskedtoleaveforanothercityin24hours.他被要求24小时内离开到另一个城市去。Theteacherrequiredustoleaveoutsomeunnecessarywordsinouressays.老师让我们将论文中一些不必要的词语省去。翻译句子①老板携款潜逃了，只留下一间空厂房。②听到警报，警察丢下家人冲出去看发生了什么事。答案：①Thebossescapedwithallhisfortuneandleftanemptyfactorybehind.②Hearingthealarm,thepolicemanlefthisfamilybehindandrushedouttoseewhathappened.9.setaside将……放到一边；节省或保留（钱或时间）；暂时不考虑Hesetalloffersaside.所有的提议他都置之不理。联想拓展setdown记下，写下setoff动身;爆炸setout出发；开始做……setup创立，建立；竖起Hesetoffforwork.他动身去上班。单项填空Tryto______atleastanhoureachdayforlearningnewvocabulary.（2010·01·山东烟台检测）A.setoffB.setoutC.setasideD.setdown解析：选C。句意为：争取每天至少抽出1小时时间学习新词汇。setaside为某种目的留出、拨出（金钱、时间）等，符合句意。10.turnaround转向Heheardavoicebutwhenheturnedaround,hesawnobody.他听到一个声音，但转身却没发现有人。Ashewalkedtowardsthehotel,hesuddenlyturnedaroundandfoundanoldladyfollowinghim.当他朝旅馆走去时，突然转身发现一个老妇人跟着他。联想拓展turnaway把(脸)转过去turnagainst背叛；反抗turnon/off打开/关掉turnup出现;调大(音量)turndown拒绝;调小(音量)turnout结果是;证明是翻译句子那个年轻的女士无法想像要是她的丈夫背叛她的话会是怎么样。虽然贫穷，但是女孩毅然地拒绝了别人的帮助。答案：①Theyoungladycan’timaginewhatifherhusbandturnsagainsther.②Thoughpoor,thegirlturneddownothers’helpfirmly.重点句型11.Clairedidn’twanttherobotinherhouse,especiallyasherhusbandwouldbeabsentforthreeweeks,butLarrypersuadedherthattherobotwouldn’tharmherorallowhertobeharmed.克莱尔并不想把机器人留在家里，特别是在她丈夫离别三周的这个期间。但是，克莱尔被拉里说服了。他说，机器人不会伤害她，也不会让别人来伤害她。tobeharmed为动词不定式的被动语态。AllthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediatelysoastobereceivedintimeforChristmas.所有的这些礼物必须马上邮寄，以便在圣诞节时及时收到。ItremainstobeseenwhetherJim’llbefitenoughtoplayinthefinals.吉姆最后是否适合演出仍将拭目以待。翻译句子①小汤姆假装被射中了哭喊着要糖吃。②此药得一日三次，饭后服用。答案：LittleTompretendedtobeshotandcriedforacandy.②Themedicineisrequiredtobetakenthreetimesadayaftermeals.12.Assheturnedaround,therestoodGladysClaffern.当她转过身时，（她发现）Gladys站在那儿。therestoodGladysClaffern为倒装句。在谓语为动词go,come,run,stand,live等表示位置转移的动词及be动词的句子中,为了强调句子中一些副词there,here,up,down,in,out,away等，可将副词置于句首，若这时主语是名词，句子用全倒装；若是代词，则不用倒装。Therecomestheteacherandherstudents.老师和她的学生们来了。Outrushedtheboys.男孩们冲了出去。翻译句子年轻的母亲抱着怀里两个月大的婴儿跑开了。(用倒装结构)生气的老板和他的秘书走了进来。答案：Awayrantheyoungmotherwithatwo-month-oldbabyinherarms.Incametheangrybossandhissecretary.Period3GrammarTeachingaims1Revisethepassivevoice(includingtheinfinitive)andknowtheexactmeaningofthestructure.2Beabletousetheusefulwordsexpressionsandstructurescorrectly.TeachingproceduresStep1RevisionAskstudentstoanswerthefollowingquestionswithoutreferringtothetextbook.1WhatwasgoingtobetestedoutbyLarry'swifeClaire

2HowdidLarryBelmontfinallypersuadehiswifetoaccepttheexperiment

3HowdidClairefeelwhenshewasofferedsympathybyarobot

4WhatdidTonyexpecttodoaboutthehousebeforehewastoleaveandLarrywastoreturn

5HowdidClairefeelwhenshewasenviedbythosewomen

6WhathappenedtoTonyatlast

Suggestedanswers1TherobotwasgoingtobetestedoutbyLarry'swifeClaire.2Larrypersuadedherthattherobotwouldn'tharmherorallowhertobeharmed.3Shethoughtitwasridiculoustobeofferedsympathybyarobot.4Tonyexpectedthehousetobecompletelytransformed.5Shefeltitasweetvictorytobeenviedbythosewomen.6Tonyhadtoberebuilt.Step2Grammarlearning1不定式的被动形式当不定式与逻辑主语之间是被动关系时即不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示动作的承受者不定式一般要用被动形式。其被动式可以分为两种一般式和完成式。一般式tobedone表示不定式动作在谓语动词之后或者同时发生。Itisagreathonor_to_be_invited_tospeakhere.很荣幸被邀请在这里讲话。Thenovelissaid_to_be_published_nextmonth.据说这本小说下月要出版。完成式tohavebeendone表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前。Thebookissaidto_have_been_translated_intosixlanguages.这本书据说已经被翻译成六种语言。Thebosspreferred_to_have_been_given_moreworktodo.老板宁愿被分给更多的工作做。被动一般式tobedone完成式tohavebeendone2.不定式被动形式的作用(1)作主语It'sanhonorto_be_invitedtotheceremony.很荣幸被邀请赴宴。It'sapityto_be_keptinthehouseinsuchfineweather.在这样好的天气被关在家里真是遗憾。(2)作表语Theletteris_to_be_sent_byairmail.这封信笺要空邮。作宾语Shedidn'tliketo_be_treatedasachild.她不喜欢被当成孩子。Theboyaskedto_be_givenanopportunitytotryagain.那男孩要求给他再试一次的机会。(4)作宾语补足语I'dlikemybedroomto_be_cleaned.我想整理一下我的卧室。(5)作定语Hewasthelastone_to_be_askedtospeakatthemeeting.他是最后一个在会上被邀请发言的人。(6)作状语Hismotherleftthesmallvillagenever_to_be_seenagain.他母亲离开了那个小山村再也没有人见过她。3不定式有些要注意的地方感官动词和一些使役动词的不定式的主动形式要省去to但在变成被动语态后需要加上to能这样用的动词或动词词组有makehaveletseehearnoticelistentowatch等。如Weoftenseehimactlikethat.Heisoftenseentoactlikethat.我们常常看到他那样做。(2)在can'thelpbuthavenothingtodobut结构中介词but后的不定式省去to。如Ican't_help_butsuspecthismotive.我不禁怀疑起他的动机。Ihave_nothing_to_do_but_watchTV.我没什么事情可做除了看电视。(3)不定式有时要用主动形式表示被动意义①形容词以及含有形容词的名词后的不定式一般用主动形式表示被动意义其中形容词常见的有easydifficultimportantimpossible等。如Theworkisimpossible_to_finishintwodays.工作不可能两天之内完成。Englishisnotsoeasy_to_learn.英语并不好学。一些固定用法如“挨骂受责备受批评”用betoblame“(东西等)出租”用tolet。Heistoblameforwhathehasdone.他应为他所做的受责备。Thehouseistolet.房子要出租。Step3Exercises1ThecrowdcheeredwildlyatthesightofLiuXiangwhowasreported______theworldrecordinthe110meterhurdlerace.AbreakingBhavingbrokenCtohavebrokenDtobreak2Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood______.AtobebreathedBtobreatheCbreathingDbeingbreathed3______theprojectasplannedwe'llhavetoworktwomorehoursaday.ACompletingBCompleteCCompletedDTocomplete4Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouplebutitremains______whethertheywillenjoyit.AtoseeBtobeseenCseeingDseen5Ihurriedtothemeetinghallonly______thatthemeetinghadbeenputoff.AtotellBtobetoldCtellingDtold6Doletyourmotherknowallthetruthsheappears______everything.AtotellBtobetoldCtobetellingDtohavebeentold7LittleTomshouldlove______tothetheaterthisevening.AtobetakenBtotakeCbeingtakenDtaking8Itissaidthatplasticscanbeusedto______manythings.Nowpeopleareusedto______plasticsproducts.AmakeusingBmakingusingCmakinguseDmakeuse9Withalotofproblems______thenewlyelectedpresidentishavingahardtime.AsettledBsettlingCtosettleDbeingsettledKeys15CBDBB69DAACStep4DrillingAskstudentstodoExercise1onPage14andthenchecktheanswerstogether.KeysExercise1betestedoutbeharmedbeofferedwasamazedwasnotallowedbediscoveredbecompletelytransformedwereimpressedbeenviedberebuiltAskstudentstodoExercise2andthenchecktheanswerstogether.KeysExercise21tobedesigned2.toberebuilt3.tobeaccompanied4.tobeknownas5.tobefilledwith6.tobetestedout7.tobeenvied8.tobesetasideStep5Using