人教版英语选修六第四单元知识点

人教版英语选修六第四单元知识点人教版英语选修六第四单元知识点人教版英语选修六第四单元知识点资料仅供参考文件编号：2022年4月人教版英语选修六第四单元知识点版本号：A修改号：1页次：1.0审核：批准:发布日期：人教版英语选修六第四单元知识点U4(选修六)Languagepoints-reading11.dependon/upon+n依靠,依赖,确(坚)信Youcan’tdependonyourparentsforever.dependon/upon+sb.+todo指望某人做……Youcan’tdependonhimtocomeontime.dependon/upon+it+that….指望…..Youmaydependonitthathewillcome.dependon/upon+wh-从句

Whetheryoucanpasstheexamdependsonhow

hardyouwork.That(all)depends./italldepends.(口语)视情况而定，Imayhelpyou.Butthat/itdepends.2.light1)n.光,线,灯2)v.照亮,点燃Helitamatch.他划着了一根火柴。Asmileoftriumphlitupherface.她的脸上闪耀着胜利的微笑。Thematchlightseasily.这火柴容易划着3)adjThesuitcaseisverylight.（轻的）Therewasalightrainfalling.Heisalightsleeper.他睡不沉。（易醒的）3.heatv./heatup是某物变热或变暖heatedadj.热的激烈的heateddebate,heateddiscussionheatedlyadv.愤怒地激昂地heater加热器发热器4.consumev.----consumer

(n.).1消耗,花费;耗尽Sheconsumedmostofhertimeinreading.2吃完,喝光

Thekidssoonconsumedallthefoodonthetable.孩子们一会儿功夫便把桌上的食品全部吃光。3使全神贯注,使着迷+with

Theboywasconsumedwithcuriosity.那男孩充满好奇心。5.as…asonecan=as…aspossiblePleasecomehereassoonaspossible.=Pleasecomehereassoonasyoucan..asmanyas多达aslongas长达,只要asfaras远至,就…而论aswellas和…一样好,也,和asearlyas早在6.对比：Ourfoodsupplyhasgivenout.Hismoneysoonranout.Wearerunningoutofourtime.Ihaverunoutofmyoil.Allhissavingshavebeenusedup.7.Trapvt./n.挡住圈套Sandandleavestrappedthewaterinthestream.Theyfinallytrappedthemouseinacage.最后，他们用笼子把老鼠逮着了。Thepolicesetatrapforthethieves.Shewastrappedintheburninghouse.8.keep….from….

stop….(from)….

prevent…(from)….Youshouldcleanyourroomtokeepitfromgettingdirty.你应该打扫房间以保持干净。Keepdoing继续keepout挡住使进不去keepupwith跟上9Whatdoyouthinkgreenhousegasesdo你认为温室气体有什么作用呢

▲本句中think后接了一个由what引导的宾语从句。但应注意的是：特殊宾语从句即当一般疑问句主句的谓语动词是think,believe，suppose，consider,imagine，guess和suggest等时，表疑问的词要放在主句前即句首。例如：[正]Whodoyouthinkwillwininthegame?[误]Doyouthinkwhowillwininthegame?当然一般情况下宾语从句的疑问词应放在主句之后，例如：[误]Whydoyouknowwecan'tcutdownthebigtree?[正]Doyouknowwhywecan'tcutdownthebigtree?whencomparedtoothernaturalchanges是一个省略的时间状语从句，其完整的形式应该是Whenitiscomparedto…;

在时间、地点、条件、方式或让步状语从句中，如果从句和主句为同一主语，或者从句的主语是it,而且从句中的谓语动词时动词be或含有助动词be，可省略主语和be如：If(itis)so,youmustgetbackandgetit.Although(hewas)criticized,hestillworkedhard.Hehurthislegsbadlywhen(hewas)playingparecompareto/with:与…相比Comparedto/withmanywomen,shewasindeedverypareAwithB：相比（不同）Ifyoucompareherworkwithhis,youwillfindhersismuchpareAtoB：把A比作BPoetshavecomparedsleeptodeath.Ateacher'sworkisoftencomparedtoacandle.Thepoetcompareshislovertoaroseinhispoems.Comparedtotenyearsago,thecarbondioxidecontentoverthisdecadehasgoneuprapidly.Carbondioxideintheatmosphereiscomparedtotheglassofgreenhouse.ComparedwithissimilartoPeopleoftencompareteacherstogardeners.人们经常把老师比做园丁。Thatprobablydoesn’tsoundverymuchtoyouormebutitisarapidincrease.

comparedtomostnaturalchanges

与大多数的自然变化相比11.comeabout:发生=happen(无被动）1Thissituationshouldneverhavecomeout.2Howdiditcomeaboutthathehadhisleghurt他的腿伤着了，这是怎么发生的3Thishasnotcomeaboutovernight.冰冻三尺，非一日之寒Takeplace事件的发生有某种原因或事先的安排：TheOlympicGamesof2008tookplaceinBeijing.Happen偶然或突发性事件：whathappenedtoyou?Ihappenedtoseehimonmywayhome=IthappenedthatIsawhimonmywayhome.Occur发生或想到，突然想起，意为发生时=happen:whathasoccurred?Ioccurredtomethatshedidn’tknowIhadmovedintothenewhouse.Comeabout事情发生了，但还不知道为什么。常用于否定和疑问Whenmotherwokeup,shedidn’tknowwhathadcomeabout.Breakout常指战争灾难疾病争吵事件的发生comeintobeing形成Comeintopower/office当权/当职Comeintoforce/effect开始生效Comeout出版,结果…comeacross偶遇

cometo共计，苏醒Whenitcomesto涉及Comeupwith提出Comeup在空中出现，Comealong,进展，跟随cometrue

…成真12.Thereisnodoubtthat….毫无疑问….Thereisnodoubtthathecancomeontime.doubt的宾语从句,肯定句whether/if/that否定句thatHedoubtedwhethertheywouldbeabletohelp.Heneverdoubtedthattheywouldwinthegame.beyond/withoutdoubt无疑地Itishumanactivitythat…原句：Myteacherdidtheexperimentinthelabyesterdaymorningwithme.强调主语：Itwasmyteacherthatdidtheexperimentinthelabyesterdaymorningwithme.强调宾语Itwastheexperimentthatmyteacherdidinthelabyesterdaymorningwithme.强调时间状语Itwasyesterdaymorningthatmyteacherdidtheexperimentinthelabwithme.强调地点状语Itwasinthelabthatmyteacherdidtheexperimentyesterdaymorningwithme.强调方式状语Itwaswithmethatmyteacherdidtheexperimentinthelabyesterdaymorning.not…until…Ididn’trealizeshewasafamousfilmstaruntilshetookoffherdarkglasses.ItwasuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIdidn’trealizeshewasafamousfilmstar.(错)ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.(对)强调句的一般疑问句句型：Is/Was+被强大的部分+that/who/whom+句子的其他部分？特殊疑问句强调句句型的构成：特殊疑问词+be+it+that+句子的其他部分（用陈述语序）例如：DidhehelpyouwithyourEnglishstudylastweek?WasithethathelpedyouwithyourEnglishstudylastweek?Whendidyoureceivethegift?Whenwasitthatyoureceivedthegift?

13random随意的胡乱的随机的/randomlyatrandom任意地随便地14.phenomenon(sing.)phenomena(pl.)thephenomenaofnature自然现象asocialphenomenon社会现象15.Subscribevi.Vt.Subscribeto同意赞同，支持订阅签名Isubscribetoyouropinioncompletely.(同意赞同)Isubscribetoaweeklywomen’smagazine（订阅报纸杂志）Shesubscribestoasocietywhichhelpstoprotectanimals(定期捐款）16．Withoutthe‘greenhouseeffect’，theearthwouldbeaboutthirty-threedegreesCelsiuscoolerthanitis.如果没有温室效应，地球会比现在冷33▲这是一个含蓄虚拟条件句

=Iftherewereno“greenhouseeffect”,theearthwouldbeaboutthirty-threedegreesCelsiuscoolerthanitis.Butforelectricity(=Iftherewerenoelectricity)，therewouldbenomodemindustry．要是没有电，就不会有现代工业。Hewashavingameetingwithhisstudents；otherwisehewouldhavecome.他当时正与他的学生进行讨论，否则的话他就来帮我们了。

Hefeltverytiredyesterday,orhewouldhaveattendedtheparty．他昨天很累,不然他就参加那个聚会了。17.addv.addup加起来addupto合计达addto增加Ifyouadd4to3,youget7Addupthesefigures,please.18.quantity1)Helikesreadingandalwaysbuysbooksinquantity.他喜欢阅读,总是成批地买书。2)Heprefersqualitytoquantitywhenfoodisconcerned.在吃的方面，他重质而不重量3Alargequantityofair-conditionershasbeensoldsincethetemperaturebegantorise.自从气温升高，大量的空调已经被卖出去了。alargequantityof/largequantitiesof;大量的…，许多的…inquantity;成批地，大量地alargequantityof/largequantitiesof之后接可数或不可数名词。注意:alargequantityof…作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。largequantitiesof…作主语，谓语动词都用复数Quantitiesoffoodwereonthetable.HugequantitiesofCO2areaddedtotheatmosphere.Hugequantitiesoffossilfuelsareburnedtoproduceenergy.Asaresultofburningfossilfuels,alarge

ofcarbondioxide___addedtotheatmosphere.

A.number;is

B.quantity;is

C.number;are

D.quantity;are19.Itmeansthatmoreheatenergytendstobetrappedintheatmospherecausingtheglobaltemperaturetogoup.这就意味着更多的热量被困在大气层中，从而引起全球气温上升。

causing现在分词短语置于句尾，通常和句子隔开，作结果状语。现在分词作结果状语时，表示正常的结果Hisfatherdied,leavinghimalotofmoneyandabigcompany.不定式短语也可以置于句尾，有时前面加only,在句子中作结果状语，但往往表示出乎意料之外的或事与愿违的结果例如：Hehurriedtothestation,onlytofindthatthtrainhadleftalready.20.Tend-tendencyvt.照顾，护理Sheistending(to)averysickpatient.（她在护理一位重病人。）Thereisafarmertendinghissheep.vi.tendto易于，往往会；倾向于WhenI’mtired,Itendtomakemistakes.Hetendstogetangrywhenpeopleopposehisopinion.Shewentup(toCambridge)in1977.(英)上大学Cigarettesaregoingup(inprice).上涨Newofficeblocksaregoingupeverywhere.建造起盖起Thewholebuildingwentupinflames.被烧(炸)毁WhenareyounextgoinguptoScotland?北上苏格兰Unemploymenthasgoneupagain.增加Thecurtaingoesuponasuburbanliving-room.(舞台幕布)拉起We‘regoinguptoLondonnextweekend.

进城goupinsmoke化为乌有goby经过goinfor参加gothrough经历，遭到goon前进22.resultin导致,造成=leadtoTheaccidentresultedinthreepeoplebeingkilled.Theaccident______thedeathoftwopassengers.

A.resultedfrom

B.resultedin

C.resultedof

D.resultedwithresultfrom:起因于，因为…

23.Mostcitizensopposedthenewtax.大部分市民反对新税。★2)Themotheropposedherdaughter’sgoingtherealone.这位母亲反对她女儿一个人去那儿3)I’mstronglyopposedtoyourplan.我坚决反对你的计划。4)Hisdaughterisveryathletic,asopposedtohisson,whoisveryclever.他的女儿擅长运动，他的儿子却擅长动脑，两人形成鲜明的对比。opposesth反对某事；opposedoingsth反对干某事beopposedtosth./doingsth.反对…asopposedto(介词)与…对照下表示“反对”的短语：saynoto…对…说不，拒绝，反对；beagainst反对，不同意；objectto(doing)sth.反对，讨厌；objectthat…对…提出异议。例如：Canyouexplainwhyyousaidnotomyoffer你能否解释一下为什么拒绝我的帮助

Theyobjectedthattheschedulewastootight.它们对工作进度表太紧提出异议。24.1)Theriseinlungcancerswasaconsequenceofcigarettesmoking.肺癌的增长是吸烟造成的结果。2)——I’mafraidyou’reill.你恐怕是病了吧

——It’sofnoconsequence.不要紧★3）Asaconsequenceofagreatfirethehousewascompletelydestroyed.由于大火，房子被彻底毁坏了。4)Whoshouldanswerfortheconsequenceoftheaccident.谁应该为这起事故负责？beofno/little/great/much+consequence不/非常重要asaconsequence(of…)=inconsequence(of…)结果（是…），由于…taketheconsequenceof承担责任answerfortheconsequences对…后果负责。句子改写1)Hehadn’tenoughmoneytopayourbusfare,sotheyhadtowalkthere.=Hehadn’tenoughmoneytopayourbusfare,andin____________theyhadtowalkthere.2)Istheexperimentveryimportanttoyou?=Istheexperiment______________________toyouinconsequenceof

dadj.

1)温和的,温柔的

Heisthemildestmanalive.他是世上最和善的人了。2)温暖的,暖和的

It'sbeenamildwinterthisyear.今年的冬天一直很暖和。3)味淡的,不浓烈的

Pleasemakemydrinkamildone.请把我的酒调得淡一点。4)轻微的,不重的;宽大的

Hewasgivenamildpunishment.他被从轻发落。26.state-statementThewitnessstatedthatshehadneverseenMr.Smith陈述;声明;说明Iceisthesolidstateofwater.形态Inchina,therailwayareownedbythestate.国家,政府Thereare50statesinAmericaEverythingwasinastateofdisorder.状态Thepresidenthasmadeanimportantstatementaboutthematter.state是常用词，只人或物所处的外表、心理、健康及所处的情形等方面的情况，但不如condition具体，只用作单数形式。Thehousewasinadirtystate.condition是常用词，eq\o\ac(○,)用作单数形式，表示人或物目前所处的真实具体状态，尤指内在状态，可与state替用；eg.beinpoor/goodconditioneq\o\ac(○,)用作复数形式时，笼统地表示一般状态。eg.poorworkingconditionssituation是一般用词，尤指处于某时期的状况，处境，局面，形势。指各种具体情况综合起来的状态，多指危急或重大的事态，强调外部因素对该事态的影响，常用作单数形式。eg.findoneselfinanembarrassingsituationpositioneq\o\ac(○,)有利的状况（如竞争中或战争中的）eq\o\ac(○,)(尤作单数)处境，情势（尤指影响某人行为的能力）eg.Iamnotinapositiontohelpyou.我帮不了你。27.range1)排列,将...排成行Thecardswererangedinalphabeticalorder.2)(在一定范围内)变化thefrontierrangesfromthenorthernhillstothesoutherncoastThepricesofthepensrangefrom$5-$100.3)It’sbeyondtherangeofmyability.4)Icamewithinmyrangeofvision.5)hehasawiderangeofknowledge.beyondtherangeof超出…范围withintherangeof在…范围内rangefromAtoB

范围从A到B28.1)Thecloudsarebuildingup.云彩在聚集2)Youneedmoreproteintobuildyouup.增强体质,强身健体。3)She’sbuiltupaverysuccessfulbusiness.逐步建立4)Thesingerhasbeenbuiltupintoagoodsuccess.吹捧，赞扬5)I‘mverygladtoseethatyourvocabularyisgraduallybuildingup.逐渐增长6)Hardworkingconditionsbuildupcharacter.(喻)能磨练人的性格29.evenif/thoughIwouldn'ttellyouevenifIknew.Evenifshesurvives,she'llneverfullyrecover.Eventhoughhe's24now,he'sstilllikealittlechild.Icanstillremember,eventhoughitwassolongago.30.steady-steadily平稳的，持续的，可靠地，稳固的HehasmadeasteadydecisionTherehasbeenasteadyincreaseincarproductioninthepast6months.ZhangFengisasteadyyoungman.Pleasekeeptheladdersteady.We

droveatasteadyspeed.Asteadyjob/income稳定的工作/收入Asteadyworker可靠的工人Steadyrain连绵的雨31.tendency倾向趋势Shehasartistictendencies.她有艺术气质。Thereisagrowingtendencyforpeopletoworkathomeinsteadofinoffices.Maryisnicebutshehasatendencytotalktoomuch.有…倾向;+to/towardHehasatendencytowardspessimism.他有悲观的倾向。Bobhasatendencytoexaggeratethings.鲍勃有爱夸张的倾向。Trend

tendency

current:这些名词均含“趋势，倾向”之意。

trend:指事物发展总的方向、倾向或趋势。A

recenttrendinliterature,fashiontrendtendency:指固有或习得的倾向性，强调没有外来的影响或干扰。

current:指向某一方面发展或在确趋向中行动32.widespread分布广的，普遍的Theforestsarewidespreadinourcountry.

我们的国家森林分布很广。Thenewlawsgainedwidespreadacceptance.

Theirsuggestionmetwithwidespreaddisagreement普遍的Therewasawidespreadbeliefinhisinnocence33.onthewhole总的来说；从总体上看Onthewhole,heisagoodboy.Theweatherthismonthhasbeencoldonthewhole.Onthewhole,I’minfavoroftheidea.Thepaperiswellwrittenonthewhole.34.averageabovetheaverage在一般水平以上,中上;在平均数以上belowtheaverage在一般水平以下,中下;在平均数以下onaverage平均,按平均数计算;一般地说onanaverage平均,按平均数计算;一般地说Theaverageof4,8,and60is24.(N)4、8和60的平均数是24。平均；平均水平adjWhatistheaveragerainfallforAugustinyourcountry?Theaverageageofthestudentsinthisclassis9.Hisaverageresult(ofthisthreesubjects)is96.Hisresultsistheaverage.他成绩平平I’dsayhewasofaverageheight.中等个头Tomisgoodatmaths---wellaboveaverage.远远高于平均水平Onaverage,babiesstartwalkingatayearold.Languagepoints-reading21.onbehalfof代表……一方Myhusbandcouldnotbeheretonight,butlwanttothankyouonhisbehalf.

Weattendedtheglobalconferenceonbehalfofourcountry.I’mgreatlyhonoredtoputonperformancehereonbehalfofmyschool.Thehero’swifeacceptedthemedalonbehalfofherdeadhusband.2.advocatev.提倡主张拥护鼓吹/n.提倡者Headvocatesbuildingmoreschools.Thepublicadvocatedpassingthemitment--commitv.犯罪犯错误,使承担义务,为某人作出保证commitacrime3.makeadifference:有关系，有影响，有重要性makenodifference：没有关系，没有重要性Itwon'tmakemuchdifferencewhetheryougotodayortomorrow.你今天去或明天去没有多大关系.

Itmakenodifferenceifyoulightalampinthesunshine.白天点灯多此一举。4.putupwith忍受;忍耐;受苦Wecan’tputupwithhisendlesscomplaint.I'mafraidyou'llhavetoputupwithhisbadtemper.Thatwoman,asahousewife,hasalottoputupwith.Noiseiscomingtothepointwherewecan’tputupwithit.与stand,bear同义Wehavetobearwithhisbadtemperbecauseheisabitfrustratedthesedays.Icannotstandwaitinganylonger.Modernplasticscan_______veryhighandverylowtemperature.（山东）A．standB.holdC.carryD.supportKey:Aputaside节省(钱、时间);储蓄;把……放在一边putaway收拾起来;储存(钱)putback放回原处;拖延putdown写下;记下;控制putforward提出(意见、建议);推荐putoff延期;推迟putout熄灭;扑灭putup举起;张开(伞);张贴;为……提供食宿Matchthephraseswiththecorrectmeaning5.solongas/aslongas

只要，如果Aslongasyoudon'tbetrayme,I'lldowhateveryouaskmeto(do).Youcangoout,as/solongasyoupromisetobebackbefore11o'clock.Aslongasyoudrivecarefully,youwillbeverysafe.Youmayborrowthisbooksolongasyoupromisetogiveitback.IwillstayaslongasIcan.onconditionthat…在……的条