【2022】高中英语必修五知识点总结

PAGEPAGE12Unit1scientist science scientificknowabout了解knowof听说过find/findout/discover/inventexplainsth.tosbbecharacteristicofsb/sthpasssth从„处传来,传passby 路,经过„passdown 把„传下去passon ,传授thewayofdoingsth=thewaytodo做某事的方法putforward 提出建议，推荐某人或者自己任职，提名；时钟往前拨bytheway顺便说bywayof loseone’sway 迷路noway没门，别想feelway摸索着走谨慎从事onwaytointhisway=bythismeans=withthismethod用这种方法putaway 抛弃;舍弃putdown写下来;记入名单puton 穿上;戴上;增加putoff 耽误;延期putout 熄灭(灯);扑灭(火putup 建立;建造putupwith„ 忍受„arriveat/cometo/drawreach aconclusionwin/beat/defeatwin“赢得,获胜”,后接奖品,奖金,名誉,财产beat“击败,战胜”,后接竞争队伍或者对手,敌人defeat “击败，战胜”,,敌人,(beat),疾病等。beexpertat/insth某方面的专家attend 注意；照看，照顾；参加attendance n. 照顾,出席attend school 上attend alecture 听讲座attendawedding 出席婚礼attendto处理,办理Ihavesomeimportantthingstoattendto.照顾,照料;Areyoubeingattendedto?先生,有人接待你吗？专心,注意Ifyoudon’tattendtotheteacher,you’lllearnanythiexposeAtoB使ABAbeexposedtoBA暴露于Bdie(v.)dead(adj.)deathdeadlyadj.致命的deadlyadv.very极度;非常;deadlyserious十分认真(2)likedeath死一般地deadlypale死一般苍白everytime每当每次（连词连接句子）注意:immediately,themoment,directly,instantly等与everytime一样,都可以用作连词引导时间状语从句,“一„..absorb„..into吸收，理解接受，吞并beabsorbedin„被„吸引;专心于;全神贯注于某事suggestdoingsth建议做某事suggestthat建议should+V暗示 该使用什么时态用什么severe严厉的;苛刻的;.剧痛的,剧烈的,严重的,难熬的beseverewith/onsth对„„严格。betoblame应该受到责备blamesbforsth因„„责备某人blamesthonsb sth归咎于某人lookinto向里看；调查，了解suspectsth怀疑某事suspectsbofdoingsth怀疑某人做某事suspectthat从句lookon 观看,,旁观,看待lookout 面朝,,照料lookover 从上面看,,检查lookaround 环顾,,察看lookthrough看穿,,浏览,lookupanddown,lookafter寻求,,关心atease舒适快活自由自在easeoff减轻痛苦，紧张状态，缓和，放松。connect…与…相联系，关系（抽象）connect与„„相连接cometoanend结束，终结，终止handlen.柄,把手v.A.操作;运用 B.经销;买卖 C.管理D.对待 E.应付F.控制;管理linkAtoB把„与„连接;联系belinkedto 连接link n.联系,关系announceannouncesth.(tosb.)announcethat+从句Itis/wasannouncedthat+从句据宣传announcement Nmakeanannouncement下通知instruct instructioncuresbofsth治好了某人的病cureforsth 治疗„„的方法havesbdosth=getsbtodosth让某人做某事havesbdoingsth=getsbdoingsth让某人一直做某事havesthdone=getsthdone叫别人做某事makemoney挣钱makeone’swayto一路前进,向前makesure 确保makefriends交朋makethebed 铺床makeroomformakeupone’smindanappointment约会makeagossip闲言碎语makeanapology道歉makeacontest竞争makeachoice选择bestrictwithsb.insth.prevent/stop/keep…fromdoingsth阻止某人做某事beabsorbedin 专心致志bedeterminedtodo决定做某事so„tha„如此„„以至于dieof/from死于attendto/takecareof/lookaftercuresbofone’sdisease/illnessputforward提出makesense 讲得通，有意44.belinkedto 和„„有联系45.beexposedto 暴露于lookinto 调查，向里看inadditionto 另外lead（led,led)to 导致，通向takeup 开始从事，继续，占据，接纳，吸收betoblamefor因„„应当受到责备apartfrom/exceptfor/besides/otherthan/but/except除„„之外takein收留，包括takeon雇佣，呈现，露出，承担takeover接任，接管，接收takeoff 脱掉衣物，飞机起飞，成功。takeback撤销，同意收回，回忆昔日workon 从事；继续工作；致力于„beenthusiasticabout 55.With的复合宾语结构独立复合结构(1)With+n./pron.+介词短语Hesattherewithasmileonhisface.With+n./pron.+副词WithMrSmithaway,we’vegotmoreroom.With+n./pron.+不定式Withsomuchworktodo,hecouldnotgohome.With+n./pron.+现在分词Thestreetwasquietwithnobusesrunning.With+n./pron.+过去分词Incameamanwithhishandstiedback.With+n./pron.+形容词Hewroteashirt,withtheneckopen,showinghisbarechest.becautiousabout/ofsb对„„小心谨慎的basesthon把„„建立在„„bebasedon基于cannever„„too再„„也不为过wouldhavedoneshouldhavedoneneedn’thavedoneoughttohavedoneonly+ 介词短语/副词/状语从句放在句首，要使用部分倒装onlythendidherealizethathemademistakes.onlyathomecanIhaveagoodsleep.

前不倒后倒knowabout了解beknownas作„„而出名beknownfor因„„而著名asfarasoneknows据某人所知divide„„into把„„分成separate….fromconsistof=bemadeupofconsistin存在于taketheplaceof =replace代替

Unit2=takesb’splace代替某人takeplace发生,举行inplaceof=insteadof 代替arrangev.(for连用)安,筹备,布置 arrangement n. 筹备,安排arrangetodosth. 安排做某事,预定arrangefor 安, 准备arrangeforsbtodosth安排某人去做某事fold n. 折叠,,合起来folder 纸夹foldaway a. 可折叠的unfold 打(反义词)foldback 折叠起;折回foldup 失败;倒闭clarifystand/position阐明某人的立场clarifymatters澄清真相puzzleover 苦思beinapuzzleabout人puzzled物puzzlingbein/comeintoconflictwith与„冲突/矛盾beunwillingtodosth不愿意做某事breakawayfrom摆脱，脱离„breakdown 坏（,出故障,身体跨了）breakinto 闯入,breakout (war/fire/disease)爆发breakoff 中断breaktherules 违反规则breaktherecords 打破记录toone’scredit值得赞扬forone’sconvenience=fortheconvenienceofsb 为了方便某人atone’sconvenience 在某人方便的时候Itisconvenienttosb.在sb方便的时候Itisconvenientforsb.todosth sb方便做sthattractsb. 吸引某人attractone’sattention吸引某人的注意力worktogether 合作workout 算出workon从事，继续工作；致力于lookaround参观，四处看Itisworthwhiletodosth. 值得做某事Itisworthwhiledoingsthbeworthytobedonebeworthyof beingbeworthn/pron/doingeg.Thebookisworthreading.Thebookisworthytoberead/ofbeingread.Itisworthwhiletoreadthebook.leaveout ,漏掉leaveAforB 离开A去Bleavealone不管;撇下„一个leaveaside 搁置leavebehind遗忘,遗留宾语+宾补(adj/v-ing/v-ed) ..sb.befamiliarwithsthsthbefamilartosb 熟悉某物whispertosb悄悄说pickup捡makealistof 列„清单delightn.toone’sdelight使某人高兴的是„vt.delightsbadj delighted be~edatsth,bedelightedtodosth物 delightingUnit3impression n(c)givesb.agoodimpression给某人以好印象make/have/leaveanimpressiononsb.给某人留下印象impress vt.使…impresssbwithsth主语impresssthonsb 给某人留下印象sbbeimpressedbysthsthimpresssbimpressive adj.印象深刻的Thegirlimpressedherfriendswithherbeauty.Hetookuphisbookandhurriedout.拿起Hetookupchallengewithcourage接受Hedecidedtotakeupphotographashiscareer开始从事I’mgoingtotakethismatterupwithmylawyer.着手处理Ittakesuptoomuchroom.占据(时间或空间）takeoff 脱下；起飞takein ,吸收;领会,理解;欺骗takeon呈现出；雇佣takeover接管takeiteasy! 别着急takeyourtime 慢慢takeadvantageof 利用previousto在„之前besurroundedby/with被„包围tolerate/bear/stand/putupwith忍受tolerancen. tolerantadjlackbelackingin/ lacksth.n.（be）lackofsth. forlackofsth Helackscourage=HeislackingincourageTheplantsdiedforlackofwateradjustmentn–adjustv.调整 adjusttopressv~sbtodosth 强迫某人做某事~one’swayto„ 挤n.thepress新闻界losesightof/outofsight看不见catchsightof/insight看见atthesightof一看 （连词作用）sweepup,打扫switchoff=turnoff 关(电灯或电器switchon=turnon 打开switchfromAtoB? A12.slideinto溜进（悄声地）Speedup加速ataspeedof„ 以„速度theinstant 一„就„(conj作用foraninstant一瞬间beovercomeby(anger,grief)被（感情）压倒remindsbof sth 使某人想起某事Vt.remindsbtodosth 提醒remindsbthat„ 使想起asaresult+结果（句子）asaresultof+原因（n/短语） 由于„resultin导致resultfrom由„引起Hiscarelessnessresultedinfailure.Asaresultoftherain,wecan’tgoout.sufferfrom遭受„患(病)besimilarto与…相似Keepsb.fromdoingsth. 阻止stop/preventsb.(from)doingsthprotectsb.fromsth/doingsth.保护某人免受„伤害bewell-knownfor/as /作为„而闻名sthbedifficulttodo (important,necessary)followsbtodosth跟着某人做某事innotime立刻atonetime曾经intime及时attimes有时ontime按时atatime一次atalltimes一直fromtimetotime不时的inalldirections=ineverydirection 四面八方inthedirectionof在„方向underthedirectionofsb 在某人的指导下showsbin/into领某人进入showsb.out/around领某人出去/showsb.sth.=showsthtosb向某人展示showoff炫耀showup出现showsb.theway指路showsbwhat/how/wheretodo教sb…showthat从句providesbwithsth=providesthfor…29.fallfastsleep熟睡considersbtohavedone认为某人做了某事inspace 在空间中up-to-date 最新的，日益更新的，33.disposeofsth/sthbedisposedof 处34.turninto转化成stareat盯着happento+n.发生happentodosth.碰巧做（无进行时）ithappens/happenedthat 碰巧programsbtodosth安排某人做某事performtasks/work履行职责/任务Unit4involve„.in/beinvolvedin牵涉photograph/photo(s)take~sofsb 给某人照相submitsth.tosb.向某人递交（文件）submit(that)主张submittosb/sth屈服于beeager(forsb.)todosth 渴望做某事beeagerfor/aboutsth.beeagerthatbeanxiousfor/aboutsth.担心,忧虑beanxioustodosth 渴望做某事concentrate(one’sattention,mind,efforts,thoughts)on(doing)sth.,致力于„„informsbof/aboutsth 通知某人某事informsb(that)inthemeanwhile/meantime与此同时,在此期间dependon 依靠，依赖；取决于Italldepends 视情况而定inthatcase如果那inanycase不管怎样innocase 绝不,放句首倒装incase（of）以防万一asisoftenthecasewithTakeyourumbrellaincaseitrains.accusesb.ofsth. 指控某人某事chargesb.withsth.指控blamesb.forsth. 责备ask/cure/rob/warn/remindsb.ofsth.soas(not)to=inorder(not)to 为了(不）做denydoingsth.拒接做某事beskepticalabout/ofsth.怀疑某事beinadilemma处于进退两难的境地begiftedinsth/doingsthhaveagiftforsth 在某方面有天赋approveofsb/sth. 赞成，认可approvesth. 批准processafilm/photos冲洗胶卷/照片in(the)processof„在„过程中makeanappointmentwithsb.与某人约会occupyvt占有；从事，忙于occupyoneselfin(doing)sth忙于做某事occupationby~/profession工作是supposevt假设（虚拟语气认为;料想,推断supposeyouwereajournalist.besupposedtodosth.本应该做某事benotsupposedtodo表示不允许sb.beofferedajob提供给某人工作offersb.sth21.assist(sb.)indoingassistsb in/withsth.,协助(help)22.表示将来的五种句型1.will/shalldo 2.begoingtodo3.bedoing 4.betodo 5.beabouttodogooutonastory 出去做新闻covervt.铺,覆盖;,涉及Hecoveredthetablewithapieceofcloth.Hisresearchcoveredawidefield.占有(时间,)Thecitycoverstensquaremiles.走完,走过

n.占有；工作；Theycovered20milesaday.看完(多少页书)Ihavecovered200pagesnow.(5)支付(开支)Thefirmbarelycoversitscoststakesth.withsb.随身带着某物find+n.adj.+todosth.发现做某事很„.youwillfindyourcolleaguesveryeagertoassistyou.haveanoseforsth.keepsth.inmind=remembermeet/missadeadline 如期/超过期限takenotes做笔记atrickofthetrade 行业诀窍case,situation,position,condition,stage,point 等抽象地点做先行词时,where引导,相当于inwhichgetthewrongendofthestick 得出错误结论Thisishowthestorygoes. 这就是事情的发展tellthetruth/tellalie 说实话/说谎lookforwardtosth./doingsth. 期盼做某事settowork=settledowntowork 开始工settledowntosth/doingsth. 着手做某事setaboutdoingsetouttodosth 开始做某事passsth（on）tosb 把„传给某人passsthdowntosb 把„传给下一代aboveallafterall毕竟,终究firstofall首先lastofallinall总计;concentrateon(doing)sth专心做某事concentrateone’sattentionon把注意力集中于„„上updatealaw修订法律updatesbonsth向某人提供最新的信息soas(not)to=inorder(not)to（不）为了做„„beguiltyof犯„„最beguiltyfor/aboutsth对sth感到内疚beinadilemma陷入进退两难的困境putsbintoa dilemma使某人处于进退两难的境地Unit5aid(用法同help)do/give/offer(some)firstaid进行急救fallill/sleep/awake/silent fall+adj.doaninjurytosb.=dosb.aninjury 伤害某人aninjuryto+身体部位（arm/le„)（胳膊/手/腿）„的伤getinjured/wounded/infected 受/感染 get+adj.bleedtodeath流血致死bleed-bled-bledbeessentialfor/tosb. 对某人是必要的Itisessentialforsb.todosth. 做某事是必要的Itisessential(should)+v原形 虚拟语气essentials必需品6.squeezeout 挤出7.overandoveragain反inplace适当，合适的位置outofplace不合适takeplace发生takeons’splace=taketheplaceofsb.=inplaceof 取代standon/withoutceremony拘泥于礼节/不拘小节Anumberofstudentsaresleeping.Thenumberofsleepingstudentsis60.putonedhon=findapplysthtosth. 把某物涂/applytosb.forsth.向某人申请某物applytosth适用于applypressureto„用力摁，压makea/some/nodifference有一些/没有什么区别save拯救（lif；节约（mone）saveup储蓄 save（on）sth 节约Ifpossible/necessary如果可能/必要的话actas作为be/get/standcloseto靠近avarietyof=varietiesof各种各样的affect sth.影响v beaffectedbyeffcctn. haveaneffectonsth.对„有影Ittakess