新东方赵丽老师的词汇笔记词语大辨析

新东方赵丽老师的词汇笔记词语大辨析新东方赵丽老师的词汇笔记词语大辨析新东方赵丽老师的词汇笔记词语大辨析资料仅供参考文件编号：2022年4月新东方赵丽老师的词汇笔记词语大辨析版本号：A修改号：1页次：1.0审核：批准:发布日期：

◣词语大辨析◥-§①

abandon，desert，forsake，quit都含有一定的"放弃"之意

abandon指完全、永远地放弃,尤指对之负有责任或义务者,放弃一个项目或计划

desert强调故意违背自己的义务、责任或誓言等(擅离职守)

forsake指遗弃以前所爱的人或事物,着重于断绝情感上的依恋one'swifeandchildren遗弃妻儿;forsakebadhabits摈弃坏习惯

quit指突然或出其不意地放弃,现一般指"停止"work停止工作exercises(choosethebestanswer&translateeverysentences):

presenceofmindnever__him.

somedifficulties,they'renotgoingto__theplan.

itout!

up

Schwarzeneggerhas__thetheaterforpolitics.

presenceofmindneverdesertedhim.他从不失去镇静.

somedifficulties,they'renotgoingtoabandontheplan.尽管他们遇到了一些困难,但并不打算放弃这个计划.

itout!住嘴./住手.

Schwarzeneggerhasforsookthetheaterforpolitics.阿诺德•施瓦辛格弃艺从政了◣词语大辨析◥-§②

accessory，decoration，ornament都含有一定的"装饰品"之意

accessory[常作pl.]指(女性的)装饰品,(手提包,些,手套,帽子,项链,耳环等)

decoration指为了装饰某物所使用的艳丽好看的装饰品

ornament指一般装饰品(ornament在作动词时常可和decorate互换)hallis___withflowersandflags.

Christmastreewasdecoratedwithshinning___suchascoloredlightsandglassballs.

woreagreenwoolsuitwithmatching___.

youhelpmeto___afishwithslicesoflemon.

hallisdecoratedwithflowersandflags.大厅里装饰着鲜花和旗帜.(此句也能用ornament替换.)

Christmastreewasdecoratedwithshinningornamentssuchascoloredlightsandglassballs.圣诞树被一些闪亮的装饰物点缀着,如彩灯和玻璃球.

woreagreenwoolsuitwithmatchingaccessories.她穿了一件绿色的羊毛套装,佩戴着得体的首饰.

youhelpmetogarnishafishwithslicesoflemon.你能帮我在鱼上加配柠檬片吗(garnish多用于对烹饪、菜式的装饰,如加调味料,加配材料等)◣词语大辨析◥-§③:

accomplish，complete，end，finish都含有"完成"之意

accomplish指成功地完成预期的计划或达到预期的目的或成果

complete指完成一件指派或预定的任务，或完善、完整未完成的部分

end指一个动作或一件事情的结束或终止

finish指把一件事或一个动作做完，强调事情的了结、终止triedtosettlethearguementbut___nothing.

termwill___earlyinJuly.

buildingwas___in1962..

willtheworkbe___.

5.比较:Ihavefinishedthebook.和Ihavecompletedabook.分别释为何意呢triedtosettlethearguementbutaccomplishednothing.我们试图解决争端,但未成功.

termwillendearlyinJuly.学期将在七月初结束.

buildingwasfinishedin1962.大厦建成于1962年.

willtheworkbecompleted.工作什么时候完结？

havefinishedthebook.我读完了那本书.

Ihavecompletedabook.我写完了一本书.

◤词语大辨析◢-§.④

accurate，correct，delicate，exact，precise都含有一定的"正确,精确"之意

accurate准确的，精确的，指某人或某事不仅不出错，而且与事实无出入，强调准确性

correct正确的，指某人或某事合乎事实或公认的标准或规则，没有错误

delicate精美、精细的、雅致的

exact确切的、精确的,语气较accurate强,指某人或某事数量或质量完全符合事实或标准,而且在细致末节上也丝毫不差

precise精密的,指具有高度的精确性和准确性,强调范围界限的鲜明性或细节的精密,有时略带"吹毛求疵"的贬义paintingisa/an___copyoftheoriginal.

technologyhasenhancedthe___ofmanysurgicalprocedures.

hopetobecomemore___inpredictingearthquakes.

’sthe___thingtodo.

ofhiseyeswasinjuredinanaccident,butaftera___operation,hequicklyrecoveredhissight.

A.precisepaintingisa/anexactcopyoftheoriginal.他的画是与原作丝毫不差的临摹作品.

technologyhasenhancedtheprecisionofmanysurgicalprocedures.激光技术已大大提高了外科手术的精确度.

hopetobecomemoreaccurateinpredictingearthquakes.我们希望能更准确地预测地震.(beaccuratein…在…方面很精确)

’sthecorrectthingtodo.正应如此.

ofhiseyeswasinjuredinanaccident,butafteradelicateoperation,hequicklyrecoveredhissight.他的一只眼睛在事故中受伤,但经过精细的手术以后很快恢复了视力.◤词语大辨析◢-§.⑤

accuse，charge，indict都含有一定的"指控,控告"之意

accuseaccusesb.ofdoingsth.为…指责某人,控告某人

chargechargesb.withdoingsth.指控某人…

indict具体用法见练习3、4、5句soldierwas___ofrunningawaywhentheenemyattacked.

___mewithnegligenceofduty.

police___himasarioter.

company___himforsabotage.

was___onachargeofmurder.

soldierwasaccusedofrunningawaywhentheenemyattacked.这个士兵被指控为临阵逃脱.

2.Hechargedmewithnegligenceofduty.他指控我玩忽职守.

policeindictedhimasarioter.警察指控他为扰乱治安者.(indictsb.as…指控某人为…)

companyindictedhimforsabotage他公司告发他的破坏行为.(indictsbforsth.告发某人…)

wasindictedonachargeofmurder.他因犯杀人罪被起诉.(sb.beindictedonachargeof…因犯…被告发)◤词语大辨析◢-§.⑥

achieve,acquire,attain,gain,obtain都含有一定的"获得,达到"之意

achieve强调由于极大的努力,克服困难后达到目标

acquire指经过不懈努力才获得的技术,知识等抽象的东西,也指养成习惯等

attain正式用语,指经过艰苦努力才使人达到完美境地

gain指需要做出比obtain更大的努力,往往指通过竞争获得某些有价值的东西

obtain指经过努力或付出代价或经过很长时间儿得到所需要的东西somanyyearsofhardwork,hefinally___success.

has___someveryunpleasanthabitsrecently.

typhoon,winds___aspeedgreaterthan120kmperhour.

thesecondexperimentthey___averyclearresult.

___withoutpains.

___agoodknowledgeofEnglishfromMr.Chen'slectures.

somanyyearsofhardwork,hefinallyachievedsuccess.经过这么多年努力,他终于获得了成功.

hasacquiredsomeveryunpleasanthabitsrecently.她最近养成了一些不良的习惯.

typhoon,windsattainaspeedgreaterthan120kmperhour.发生台风时,风速每小时高达120公里.

thesecondexperimenttheyobtainedaveryclearresult.在第二次试验中他们的到了一个非常清楚的结果.

gainswithoutpains.不劳则无获.

acquiredagoodknowledgeofEnglishfromMr.Chen'slectures.他从陈教授的讲座中学到很多英语知识.◤词语大辨析◢-§.⑦

acknowledge,admit,concede,confess,recognize都含有一定的"承认"之意

acknowledge着重”公开承认”,常用来指过去曾隐瞒或否认的事

admit是指在压力下不得不承认已经证实或难以否认的事实,供认(事实,错误等)

concede(不情愿地)承认,(在结果确定前)承认失败

confess着重承认自己的过错或罪恶

recognize指正式承认主权、权利等___thatthestatementwastrueinanargument.

___havingbeenatfault.

newlawwasgenerallyadmitted___difficulttoenforce.

beingbehave

theyhadsufferedheavylosses,theyrefusedto___defeat.

hehasto___himselfguilty.

was___asthelegitimaterepresentative.

concededthatthestatementwastrueinanargument.他在辩论中承认对方的说法是正确的.(有点不情愿的承认)

acknowledgedhavingbeenatfault.他承认自己曾犯过错误.

newlawwasgenerallyadmittedtobedifficulttoenforce.大家普遍认为,新的法律很难实施.(admit后面可跟名词或动名词作宾语,不根不定式作宾语,但可接不定式作宾补.此句中admit为被动结构,所以用tobedifficulttoenforce作主语补语.)

theyhadsufferedheavylosses,theyrefusedtoconcededefeat.虽然他们已遭受惨重损失,但还是不肯认输.

hehastoconfesshimselfguilty.最终他不得不认罪.(confessoneself认罪)

wasrecognizedasthelegitimaterepresentativeofthecompany.张先生背城认为公司的合法代表.◤词语大辨析◢-§⑧

affirm，assert，allege，claim都含有一定的"宣称，断言"之意

affirm断言,肯定,指根据事实坚定不移地宣称,有无可争辩之意

assert宣称,坚持,指不管事实如何,主观自信地宣称

allege宣称,断定,指在无真实凭据情况下宣称,硬说

claim声称,主张,往往表示说话者反对或不同意某一观点moreoften___theirdesireforretirementthanshowthattheyreallymeanit.

suspect___thathehadnotbeenintheneighbourhood.

___hisbeliefthatshewasinnocent.

___thatthiscouldbedone.

’t___toknowwhatyoudon’tknow.

moreoftenaffirmtheirdesireforretirementthanshowthattheyreallymeanit.政治家经常声称他们想退休,但未必是真的.

suspectallegedthathehadnotbeenintheneighbourhood.嫌疑犯生成案发时他并不在现场.

assertedhisbeliefthatshewasinnocent.他坚持自己的想法,她是无辜的.

assertedthatthiscouldbedone..他宣称这是可行的.

'tclaimtoknowwhatyoudon'tknow.不要强不知以为知.◤词语大辨析◢-§⑨

alarm,dread,fear,fright,horror,panic,terror都含有一定的"惊恐"之意

alarm惊恐,忧虑,指突然遇到危险产生的紧张,害怕,惊慌失措的心理状态,也可指一般的担心忧虑(take/feelalarmat…因…而惊恐)

dread担忧,惧怕,多指因预料有危险和不愉快的事面临而产生的不安心情,比fear更为强烈的恐惧

fear表示恐惧最普通的用语,指遇到危险或灾难内心感到不安或发慌

fright指突然的惊恐

horror令人毛骨悚然,使人极其厌恶的恐怖(常用于强调表现出恐怖的现象或行为,而不强调引起恐怖的原因)

panic恐慌(指吃惊以后随之而来的不知所措,神经几乎失控的状态)

terror恐怖(指个人安全受到严重威胁时所产生的巨大恐惧及惊骇)isnothingtoget___about.

hadalwaysbeenin___ofmeetingwithanaccident.

cat___dogs.

don't___easily.

watchwith___asthetightropewalkerstruggledtoremainhisbalance.

theresidentsofthetown___whentherewasabigfireinthesupermarket.

was___outofhersenses.

isnothingtogetalarmedabout.没什么可大惊小怪的.

hadalwaysbeenindreadofmeetingwithanaccident.他总是担心遇上意外事故.

catfearsdogs.我们家的猫怕狗.

don'tfrighteneasily.我不会轻易受惊的.

watchwithhorrorasthetightropewalkerstruggledtoremainhisbalance.他们心惊肉跳得看着走钢丝绳的演员摇摇晃晃地在恢复平衡.

theresidentsofthetownpanickedwhentherewasabigfireinthesupermarket.超市的一场大火震惊了全镇居民.(panic的过去式为panicked)

wasterrifiedoutofhersenses.她吓得魂不附体.◤词语大辨析◢-§⑩

alter,change,convert,modify,shift,transform,vary都含有一定的"改变"之意

alter改变,变更,指衣服等表面或局部做部分变动,而没有变成另一种事物

change改变,变更,指位置,性质,外表,形式或是数量与质量等改变.常与into连用.

convert使转变,变化,一般只表示事物的外表及用途等方面发生的次要变化,而不是本质上的巨大变化,也可用于改变某人的政治观点、信仰.这个词义是其他词所没有的

modify修改,变更,较正式,常用以表示意见,计划或形式,质量方面不大的变化

shift指位置或方向的移动,改变

transform指外形或面貌的改变,彻底改变性格,性质等

vary改变,不同,有区别,变化yourcoatistoolong,thetailorcan___ittofityou.

___havetakenplacesinceheleft.

usedtobeaChristian,butheisnow___toBuddhism.

that___withthequality.

windhas___fromnorthtosouth.

militaryfactorieshavebeen___intocivilonesinordertomeettheneedsofthecountry.

inventor___hisoriginaldesigninordertoincreasethemachine’seffiency.

yourcoatistoolong,thetailorcanalterittofityou.如果你的衣服太大,裁缝会给你改的合身.

havetakenplacesinceheleft.他走后变化很大.

3HeusedtobeaChristian,butheistoBuddhism.他过去是一个基督教徒,现在改信佛教.

thatvarywiththequality.价格随质量不同而变化.(varywith…随…而变化)

windhasshiftedfromnorthtosouth.风向从北转到了南.

militaryfactorieshavebeentransformedintocivilonesinordertomeettheneedsofthecountry.为了适应国情的需要,我们把很多军用工厂改成了民用工厂.

inventormodifiedhisoriginaldesigninordertoincreasethemachine’sefficiency.发明者改变原来的设计目的是提高机器的效率.◤词语大辨析◢-§⑾

alternative,choose,pick,select都含有一定的"选择"之意

alternativeadj.n.供选择的,抉择,供选择的东西.指在两者之间进行选择,两者选一的

choose适用范围最广,指从众多的对象中挑选,这中挑选常取决于个人的意志与判断,不强调客观标准.它所选择的对象可以是不同种类的,可以是有形的或无形的.还常带有最终选定的含义,即表示选定候不再变化.

pick口头用语,指仔细地,精心地选择,含有挑剔的意思.一般指挑选有形的东西

select语气比choose重,多用于正式场合.指仔细地,审慎地精选,强调客观性,而不是主观性.所挑选的对象可以是有形或无形的,但一定是同种类的.___anappropriatebirthdaycardforhismother.

shouldn't___food.

off

___MissLilyforhiswife.

traveling,youareadvisedtotaketravelers'checks,whichprovideasecure___tocarryingyourmoneyincash.

'mto___afewgoodbookstosendtomyfriend.

upoutselectedanappropriatebirthdaycardforhismother.他给母亲精心挑选了一张合适的生日卡.

shouldn’tpickfood.孩子不应该挑食.(pickoff摘去,采取)

3HechoseMissLilyforhiswife.他选择了莉丽小姐作为他的妻子.(从本句可以看出"choose常带有最终选定的含义"这一点)

traveling,youareadvisedtotaketravelers'checks,whichprovideasecurealternativetocarryingyourmoneyincash.建议你旅游时带旅行支票,那样要比带现金安全.

'mtopickoutafewgoodbookstosendtomyfriend.我要挑选几本好书给我的朋友.(pickup收拾整理,用车接人pickout挑选,拣出pickat吃一点点,无食欲地吃)◤词语大辨析◢-§⑿

altitude,aptitude,attitude,latitude都非常形近

altitude高度,海拔(analtitudeof20,000metresabovesealevel海拔20,000米)

aptitude才能,智力,倾向,习性

attitude态度,看法

latitude纬度(longitude经度)havean___forbuildingdams.

takesthe___thatChildrenshouldbeallowedtolearnattheirownpace.

hasan___forlanguages.

'syour___towardsthisquestion？

islocatedatdegreeseastlongitudeand25degreesnorth___.

pilotisexercisingthe___flight.

haveanaptitudeforbuildingdams.水獭有筑坝的习性.

takestheattitudethatChildrenshouldbeallowedtolearnattheirownpace.她采取的态度就是应该允许孩子们按照自己的节奏学习.

3Hehasanaptitudeforlanguages.他有学语言的才能.

'syourattitudetowardsthisquestion你对这个问题有什么看法

islocatedatdegreeseastlongitudeand25degreesnorthlatitude.台北位于东经度,北纬25度.

pilotisexercisingthealtitudeflight.飞行员正在练习高空飞行.◤词语大辨析◢-§⒀

announce,declare,proclaim都含有一定的"宣布"之意

announce指对公众或特定的一群关心的人进行宣布，常指大家感兴趣的事，如国家大事、商品信息、生死病婚、开会等新闻

declare指在庄严场合，官方权威人士公开郑重宣布，有时指在公共场合对某事表明态度

proclaim指官方事务中当局对大众所作的重要宣布

其实,三个词之间有时也可经常互换使用.wassilentashe___thewinnerofthecompetition.

government___waronthedrugdealers.

___himamodelworker.

chairman___theexhibitionopen.

CongressoftheCommunistPartyofChinawas___tomeetinthepaper.

wassilentasheannouncedthewinnerofthecompetition.当他宣布竞赛的获胜者时,大家都静静地倾听.

governmentdeclaredwaronthedrugdealers.政府向毒品贩子宣战.(declarewaron/against…向…宣战;proclaimwar宣战)

proclaimedhimamodelworker..它们宣布他为劳动模范.

chairmandeclaredtheexhibitionopen.主席宣布展览会开幕.(本句感觉也可用announced,你认为呢)

CongressoftheCommunistPartyofChinawasannouncedtomee◤词语大辨析◢-§⒁

ample,adequate,plentiful,sufficient都含有一定的"足够,丰富"之意

ample指不仅能达到应有的程度,满足需要,而且还有余,一般不修饰数量不定的名词(ampletime充裕的时间;anamplebasketoffruit满满一篮水果;amplespace宽敞的空间)

adequate足够的,充分的,指数量和质量上复合一个特定的标准或不太高的要求

plentiful丰富的,很多的,富裕的

sufficient尤指程度上多到能满足或达到某种特殊需要,特别是精神上的需要is___evidencetosuggestthatthelawyerinquestionknewexactlywhatshewasdoing.

law,whenonemakesalargepurchase,heshouldhave___opportunitytochangehismind.

supplyisnot___tothedemand.

hasacquired___proficiencytoreadChineseliteraryworks.

___harvestisinsight.

isampleevidencetosuggestthatthelawyerinquestionknewexactlywhatshewasdoing.有充分证据表明那个正在提问的律师确实知道她在做什么.(ampleevidence充分证据)

law,whenonemakesalargepurchase,heshouldhaveadequateopportunitytochangehismind.根据法律,当一个人进行大宗购买时,他应该有充分的机会改变自己的注意.

supplyisnotadequatetothedemand.供不应求.

hasacquiredsufficientproficiencytoreadChineseliteraryworks.他已获得足够能力阅读中国文学著作.

plentifulharvestisinsight.丰收在望.(plentiful/goodharvest丰收)◤词语大辨析◢-§⒂

amplify,enhance,enlarge,expand,magnify都含有一定的"扩大,提高"之意

amplify放大,扩大,增强,指放大,增强(信号等)

enhance提高,增强,指(价格,力量,吸引力,声望)等的增加,提高.

enlarge指体积,大小,范围,能力等方面的增加

expand既可指数量上或体积上的增加,也可用来之前后左右上下任何方向的扩大,也指知识的增长,生意的扩大

magnify指放大,扩大(声音,照片等)knowledgehasgreatly___inthelast30yearswhichenablespeopletoachievemoreandlivemorecomfortably.

___aradiosignal.

republicationofthepoet’smostrecentworkswillcertainly___hisnationalreputation.

oftenusealoudspeakerto___thevoice.

must___ourviewsbyreading.

bossisgoingto___retailoperations.

askedsomeoneto___thekitchen.

.Humanknowledgehasgreatlyexpandedinthelast30yearswhichenablespeopletoachievemoreandlivemorecomfortably.过去30年人类的知识已经有了很大的增长,这就使得人们能够取得更大的成就,生活也更舒适了.

2.Pleaseamplifyaradiosignal.请放大无线电信号.

3.Therepublicationofthepoet’smostrecentworkswillcertainlyenhancehisnationalreputation.这位诗人最新作品的再版毋庸置疑地会提高他在国内的声望.

4.Peopleoftenusealoudspeakertomagnifythevoice.人们常用扩音器来放大声音.

5.Wemustenlargeourviewsbyreading.我们必须以读书来增长见识.

bossisgoingtoexpandretailoperations.老板正打算扩大零售业务.

askedsomeonetoenlargethekitchen.妈妈找人来扩大了厨房.◤词语大辨析◢-§⒃

annoy,furious,indignant,irritate,provoke都含有一定的"恼怒"之意

annoy指有余被迫忍受某种不愉快甚至讨厌的事情而失去耐心或沉着(beannoyedat/bysth.beannoyedwithsb.对某人/某事很生气)

furious狂怒的(befuriouswithsb.befuriousat/aboutsth对某人/某事大发雷霆)

indignant强调的是愤怒,愤慨,愤愤不平

irritate指一再打扰某人,终于使其失去耐心而发怒.

provoke激怒(人,动物),使生气(provokesb.todo/intodoing...刺激某人做某事)___methatshejustassumeswe'llallfitinwithherplans.

managerwas___byconsumer'sinsolence.

was___withPeterabouthismistake.

___MarytoangersothatMarywasdivorcedfromMike.

is___againstBobbecauseheisnotobedient.

unfairtrestmentarousespopular___.

__C__methatshejustassumeswe'llallfitinwithherplans.她想当然地认为我们都适合她的计划,这使我非常恼怒.

managerwas__A__byconsumer'sinsolence.经理被消费者的蛮横态度弄得恼火.

was__C__withPeterabouthismistake.父亲对彼得犯的错误大发雷霆.

__D__MarytoangersothatMarywasdivorcedfromMike.麦克激怒了玛丽以至于玛丽跟麦克离婚了.(provokesb.toanger激怒某人;叫某人生气)

is__A__againstBobbecauseheisnotobedient.妈妈对鲍伯的不听话很生气.(irritateagainstsb.对某人生气)

unfairtrestmentarousespopular__C__.这种不公待遇引起了公愤.

◤词语大辨析◢-§⒄

apparatus,appliance,equipment,facility,instrument都含有一定的"器具"之意

apparatus指"一套仪器,一套器械,装置"

appliance通常指需要动力才能操作的家用电器和装置等

equipment指"设备,装备"

facility(pl.)"设备,设施",只是工作生活便利的工具和环境

instrument指精密的或科学的和艺术上使用的器具等,houseworkhasbeenmademucheasierbyelectrical___.

complete___ofthenewlibrarywilltakeanotheryear.

schoolofferusthe___forstudy.

hospitalimportedmanysurgical___fromabroad.

Brownsarealwaysverycoldinwinterbecausetheyhavenotaheating___.

,houseworkhasbeenmademucheasierbyelectrical__B__.现在,家用电器使得家务活轻松多了.

complete__D___ofthenewlibrarywilltakeanotheryear.新图书馆的全套设备还要花一年时间才能完成.

schoolofferusthe__A__forstudy.学校为我们提供了便利学习的设施.

hospitalimportedmanysurgical__C__fromabroad.医院从国外进口了许多外科器械.

Brownsarealwaysverycoldinwinterbecausetheyhavenotaheating__D__.布朗一家每到冬天就很冷,因为他们没有暖气设备.

◤词语大辨析◢-§⒅

answer,reply,respond都含有一定的"回答"之意

answer用的最广,几乎可指口头,书面乃至行动所表示的一切

reply指较为正式或经过考虑的答复,除了后面接直接宾语或以that开始的句子外,一般只用作不及物动词,后面连用to,表示回答旁人的问题(话语,信件,祝贺,攻击等)

respond一般指对紧急问题或请求作出答复,或用行动对所说或所做的事情做出反应car___welltothecontrols.

electricianwentatoncein___tothephonecall.

___nothingaboutthis.

___atyourearliestconvenience.

illnessquickly___topropertreatment.

car__A__welltothecontrols.这辆汽车操纵灵敏.(respongtosth.对某事物反映灵敏,起反应,回答,响应;corrspondto相当于,与...对应;replyto回信,对...做出反应)

electricianwentatoncein__D__tothephonecall.电工一接到电话马上就去了.(inanswerto作为对...的回答,响应,反击等)

__B__nothingaboutthis.对此他没有回答.

__C__atyourearliestconvenience.请尽早答复.

illnessquickly__D__topropertreatment.疾病经适当治疗后很快好转.◤词语大辨析◢-§⒆

apparent,clear,evident,obvious,visible都含有一定的"明显"之意

apparent显然明白的,表面上的;常用来修饰容易看见或认识的事物

clear普通用语,凡听清、看清或易于理解的东西都可以用

evident指以事实为根据,加以推理就很明显,多用于抽象事物和推理,如事实、错误、成功等

obvious指极为明显,一目了然,不用多说就能清楚的东西

visible显著的,明显的,可看见的

以上词语,在某些时候可以互换,并无非常明显的界限.presentranoutforno____reason.

is(quite)____thathetookthewrongpath.

wasnowherein____.

is____thattwoandtwomakefour.

talkedtothecustomerwith____impatience.

is____(that)youhavebeencheated.

presentranoutforno__A__reason.在场的每个人都莫名其妙地跑掉了.

is(quite)__B__thathetookthewrongpath.很显然,他走错了道.(本题选用obvious也是可以的嘛!Itis(quite)evidentthat...很显然...)

wasnowherein__B__.到处都看不到汤姆.(inevidence明显的,显眼的,显而易见的,可看见的)

is__C__thattwoandtwomakefour.二加二等于四,那是明明白白的.(Itisboviousthat...)

talkedtothecustomerwith__D__impatience.他和顾客谈话时显然不耐烦的样子.(本题选用apparent或obvious也没什么不可以.但evident和clear就有点勉强了.)

is__A__(that)youhavebeencheated.明白得很,你已受骗了.(Itisclearthat...)◤词语大辨析◢-§(20)

关于people的四个词,可能大家很早就听说过了吧,但我不知道是否都弄清楚了,所以在这里再提一下.

apeople,peoples,people,thepeople有何区别你分清了嘛？

apeople指一个国家或地区的"民族、人民".

peoples为apeople的复数形式,指许多国家或地区的不同的"民族、人民".

people泛指"人们",是集合名词,不能指一人.以单数形式表示复数意义,谓语动词要用复数

thepeople指"人民",可指某个国家的人民,也可指全世界的人民.它表示复数概念.若thepeople作为主语,它的谓语动词要用复数形式.Chineseareahard-working____.

peoplepeople

willlaughatyou.

peoplepeople

arethemakersofhistory.

peoplepeople

hundred____haveattendedtheopenairconcert.

peoplepeople

ofthetwocountriesaredeterminedtounitestillmoreclosely.

peoplepeoplePeoples

whowerewaitingattheentrancehavenowgoneinside.

peoplepeopleChineseareahard-working__A__.中国是个勤劳的民族.(a(adj.)people)

peoplepeople

willlaughatyou.人们会嘲笑你的.

peoplepeople

arethemakersofhistory.人民是历史的创造者.

peoplepeople

hundred__A__haveattendedtheopenairconcert.五百人参与了露天音乐会.

peoplepeople

ofthetwocountriesaredeterminedtounitestillmoreclosely.两国人民决心团结得更加紧密.

peoplepeoplepeoples

whowerewaitingattheentrancehavenowgoneinside.刚才等在入口处的人们现在都进去了.

peoplepeople◣词语大辨析◢-§(21)"争论,争吵"

argue,debate,discuss,dispute,quarrel都含有一定的"争论"之意

argue指一方坚持自己的意见,立场和观点,通过争论企图说服对方(arguewithsb.about/oversth.)

debate多指公开,正式场合进行的辩论或严肃的争论,双方各自陈述理由,"交锋""往返"的意味较强

discuss指为了解决问题或弄清对方的观点而进行的讨论,磋商

dispute指持续,激烈的争论,语气较强,有”相持不下,未得解决”的意思(indispute在争论中)

quarrel争吵,争论,含与人发生口角的意思____withmyflat-mateaboutwhoshoulddothehousework.

weare____aboutisnotsurvivalbutthequalityoflife.

are____overforeignpolicy.

holdafierce____astowhethertheircompanyshouldrestorethetraderelationshipwhichwasbrokenyearsago.

hesaidjustnowhadlittletodowiththequestionunder____.

casewasfully____beforeagreementwasreached.

__D__withmyflat-mateaboutwhoshoulddothehousework.我和我同住一个单元的人关于谁应做家务吵了一架.(quarrelwithsb.aboutsth.与某人发生口角)

weare__A__aboutisnotsurvivalbutthequalityoflife.我们所争论的不是生存问题而是生活质量问题.

are__C__overforeignpolicy.他们正就外交政策进行辩论.(arguewithsb.about/oversth.)

holdafierce__A__astowhethertheircompanyshouldrestorethetraderelationshipwhichwasbrokenyearsago.他们就公司是否应当恢复几年前中断了的贸易关系进行了一场激烈的争论.

hesaidjustnowhadlittletodowiththequestionunder__B__.他刚才所见讲的与讨论的问题关系不大.(underdiscussion在讨论中)

casewasfully__B__beforeagreementwasreached.这案件在达成一致意见前进行了充分争论.◤词语大辨析◥-§22.

arise,arouse,raise,rise四个形近词,你分清了吗？

arisevi.突然出现;起床

arousevt.引起,唤醒,激起

raisevt.举起,提高,较多地被用于具体的场合,如举手,举杯,升旗等;有时也用于提高工资,提高工作效率等

risevi.上升,升高,上涨等,大多用于抽象或比喻的场合,如太阳,蒸汽,产量的上升,有时也用于具体场合,如人的起立,河水的上涨等windis____.

wageshavebeen____recently.

newproblemhas____.

____hermotheringinstincts.

____at6:30.asusual.

river____bytwofeetaftertheheavyrains.

windis__A__.起风了.

wageshavebeen__B__recently.最近我们的工资提高了.

newproblemhas__D__.出现了一个新问题.

__C__hermotheringinstincts.他激起了她的母爱本能.

__D__at6:30.asusual.他像平常一样早晨6点半起床.

river__A__bytwofeetaftertheheavyrains.暴雨使河水水位升高两英尺.

◤

词语大辨析◥―§(23)

sometime,sometimes,sometime,sometimes,someday,theotherday

sometimen."相当长的一段时间"adv."某个时候,某一天"=sometime

sometimesadv."数次"

sometimeadv."某个时候,某一天"(可指过去,也可指将来),可用sometime代替

sometimesadv."有时,间或"=nowandthen/fromtimetotime

someday"有朝一日,有一天"(只指将来的一天),常与表示将来的时态连用,也可写成someday

theotherday"那一天,前几天"(只指过去的某一天),仅用于过去时态中I'mgoingtomakeajourneyroundtheworld.

otherdaytimesday

____havelettersfromher.

timetimes

sawher____inJuly.

daytimes

,asIwaswalkinguptotown,Isawastrangeman.

dayotherdaytime

stayedinBelgiumfor____.

timetimes

metyoureldersisterinthemuseum____.

timesI'mgoingtomakeajourneyroundtheworld.有朝一日我要环游世界.

otherday(只用于过去时)timesday(用于将来时)

__D__havelettersfromher.我们有时收到她的来信.

timetimes

sawher__B__inJuly.我在七月的某一天见到过她.

day(用于将来时)(也可用sometime)times

,asIwaswalkinguptotown,Isawastrangeman.在我走去镇上的那一天,我看见一个奇怪的人.

day(用于将来时)(概念较模糊,不清楚哪天)otherday(用于过去时,特指那一天)time

stayedinBelgiumfor__A__.马克思在比利时待了一段时间.

timetimes

metyoureldersisterinthemuseum__C__.我好几次在博物馆碰见你姐姐.

timestime◣词语大辨析◥--§(24)

"假的"

artificial,fake,false都含有一定"假的"之意.

artificial人造的,假的,矫揉造作的,不自然的artificiallake人工湖;artificialsmile做作的微笑/假笑;anartificialearthsatellite人造地球卫星

fakeadj.假的,伪造的,冒充的n.假货,赝品(theantiqueisafake那古董是件赝品)

false假的,不真实的,带有欺骗性的假象goods假冒商品weresome___flowersonthetable.

criminalswereptinting____dollarbillsuntiltheywerearrested.

shouted"Fire!"butitwasa____alarmandtherewasnodanger.

wastoonervoustomakean____manner.

plusthreeisor___

friendsplayedhim___.

weresome__A__flowersonthetable.桌上放着一些假花.

criminalswereptinting__B__dollarbillsuntiltheywerearrested.有些罪犯在被逮捕前一直印假美钞.

(体面的)(专利的)(可疑的)

shouted"Fire!"butitwasa__B__alarmandtherewasnodanger.有人喊"失火了",可那只是一场虚惊并无危险.(falsealarm虚假的警报)

wastoonervoustomakean__D__manner.她太紧张了,做出了不自然的举止.

plusthreeisor__C__三加三等于七.对还是错？

friendsplayedhim__C__.他的朋友欺骗了他.(playsb.false对某人不忠实,欺骗某人)

◣词语大辨析◢-§25.

"

归因于..."

ascribe,attribute,contribute,owe

ascribe和attribute差别不大,都可以解释为"(中性)把...归因于,(褒义)把...归功于,(贬义)把...归咎于",也可以解释为"把...归属于,认为...归属于...",基本可以互换

contribute(to)有助于,促成...

owe(to)把...归功于(褒义)researchhasshownthatthewidespreaduseofcigarettes____totheincreaseofcancers.

Li____hissuccesstohismother.

____Edison'ssuccesstohisintelligenceandhardwork.

discoverofAmericaisusually____toColumbus.

shouldnot____one'serrortoobjectiveconditions.

___ittoyouthatIfinishedmyworkintime.

exchangeofgoodwillmissionsgreatly____toabetterunderstandingbetweenthetwocountries.

poemis____toHomer.

researchhasshownthatthewidespreaduseofcigarettes__C__totheincreaseofcancers.医学研究表明人们普遍吸烟导致癌症患者人数增加.

Li__C__hissuccesstohismother.李教授把他的成功归功于他母亲.

(破坏)ascribe/attribute(吼叫)

__B__Edison'ssuccesstohisintelligenceandhardwork.我们把爱迪生的成就归因于他的聪明才智和辛勤工作.

to服从ascribeto由于to参阅,涉及

discoverofAmericaisusually__A__toColumbus.美洲大陆的发现通常被归功于哥伦布.

attributed/owed

shouldnot__D__one'serrortoobjectiveconditions.一个人不应把自己的错误归咎于客观条件.

to运用,申请attribute

__A__ittoyouthatIfinishedmyworkintime.亏得有你帮忙,我才及时完成了工作.

...to...把...归功于...

exchangeofgoodwillmissionsgreatly__C__toabetterunderstandingbetweenthetwocountries.互派友好代表团大大促进了两国之间的相互了解.

poemis__B__toHomer.这首诗被认定为荷马所作.

...to...(认为...归属于...)(没有被动语态)

◣词语大辨析◢-§26.

"聚集,收集..."

assemble,accumulate,collect,gather

assemblevt.收集,调集forces调集兵力;assembleevidence收集证据)vi.聚集(人或事为某种共同目的聚集在一起,为特定计划而统一行动等)

accumulate指知识财富的"累积,积聚"

collectvi.聚集,在集中以某一点或组成一组的意义上可与gather互换;vt.收集,仔细地/有选择的收集(集邮,搜集银币等都是一种有选择的收集)

gathervt.指把分布广泛零散的东西聚集在一起或人们走到一起汇集成一群sometimes____oneparticulartypeofobject,forexamplestampsorcoins,asahobby.

kindergartener____thechildrenroundher.

____inthehallwheretheywerewelcomedbythesecretary.

youdon'tsortoutthepapersonyourdeskonaregularbasistheyjustkeepon____.

wenttoseverallibrariesto____informationaboutthescheme.

sometimes__C__oneparticulartypeofobject,forexamplestampsorcoins,asahobby..人们有时收集一些特殊的物品,如邮票或硬币,作为一种业余爱好.

kindergartener__C__thechildrenroundher..幼儿园阿姨把孩子们聚集在她周围.

__B__inthehallwheretheywerewelcomedbythesecretary.大家都聚集在大厅,在那里受到书记的接见.

(vi.)堆积(接连)

youdon'tsortoutthepapersonyourdeskonaregularbasistheyjustkeepon__A__.如果你不定时整理桌上的文件,那它们只能堆得越来越多.(sortout"整理")

(keepondoing...)

wenttoseverallibrariesto__D__informationaboutthescheme.我去了几家图书馆搜集了有关这个计划的信息.

"指把分布广泛分散的东西聚集在一起"◣词语大辨析◢-§(27)"估计..."

assess,estimate,evaluate,value,都含有一定的"估计"之意

assess指对财产,收入,损失等做出评估(makeanassessment)

estimate对某物的性质,数量最大概的推断,指无法清算或数清时做出估计

value→evaluate指对物的价值给与评定arenottheonlymeansof____someone'sability.

____thatthehallwouldholdonethousandpeople.

____thehouseat$200,000.

hestartedwork,Iaskedthebuildertogivemean____ofthecostofrepairingtheroof.

◣词语大辨析◢-§(28)

assure,ensure,guarantee,insure,warrant都含有一定的"保证"之意

assure表示向某人保证某事一定会发生(内含有让某人放心之意)assuresb.ofsth/assuresb.that...

ensure"确定,保证"确保某种行为一定会发生ensuresth./ensurethat...

guarantee对某事物的品质或人的行为"提出担保",对事物、商品等无质量,性能等方面的欺诈行为做出保证

insure"保险..."(纯粹经济意义)

warrant"担保,保证"

directorgavemehis____thathewoulddoublemypayifIdidmyjobwell.

patienthasbeen____ofthesafetyoftheoperation.

must____thatthetelegramarrivesintime.

'dliketo____ourcustomersofthebestpossibleservice.

has____hishouseagainstfire.

camerawesellco