医学英语词根

医学英语词根医学英语词根医学英语词根医学英语词根编制仅供参考审核批准生效日期地址：电话：传真:邮编:SuffixMeaningExample-acpertaining

to

属于，关于cardiac:

pertaining

to

the

heart心脏（病）的-alpertaining

to

medical:

pertaining

to

medicine-arpertaining

to

molecular:

pertaining

to

a

molecule

分子的-arypertaining

to

belonging

to

ciliary:

pertaining

to

the

cilia睫毛的,纤毛的,毛状的-aseenzyme

酶amylase:

any

enzyme

that

converts

starch

to

sugar

淀粉酶-clesmallness小,少,贫乏,小气follicle:

a

small

bodily

cavity

or

sac小囊,(头发的)毛囊-ean

instrument

仪器auriscope:

an

instrument

for

examining

the

ear

(检查耳朵用的)耳镜-ealpertaining

to

laryngeal:

pertaining

to

the

larynx喉的,

喉音的-iacondition;

quality

phobia:

abnormal

fear

恐惧，害怕-icpertaining

to

toxic:

pertaining

to

toxin有毒的；因中毒引起的-icsstudy

of;

name

of

a

sciencepaediatrics:

study

of

children,

their

development

and

diseases

儿科学-ine/insubstance

物质insulin：substance

(hormone)

produced

by

the

islets

of

Langerhans

in

the

pancreas

胰岛素-ismprocess

or

conditionalcoholism:

excessive

drinking

of

alcohol

which

becomes

addictive

酒精中毒-istone

who

specializes

in

精通于……的人pharmacologist:

a

doctor

who

specializes

in

the

study

of

drugs

药理专家-itisinflammation

refers

to

a

part

in……部位的炎症

rhinitis:

inflammation

of

the

nasal

passages鼻炎，鼻粘膜炎-(i)umrelation

to

a

whole;

related

to

与……相关endometrium:

inner

lining

of

the

uter子宫内膜-ivecharacterizes

by

antitussive:

a

drug

that

suppresses

coughing止咳药-lettiny;

smalldroplet:

a

tiny

drop

小滴-mentthe

result

or

product

of

an

actiondevelopment:

thing

which

develops

or

is

being

developed;

action

of

becoming

mature-oidresembling;

like像mucoid:

resembling

mucus粘液样的-olelittle;

smallcentriole:

the

small

dense

structure

in

the

middle

of

the

centrosome细胞中心粒；中心体-omatumor;

swelling

refers

to

a

doerdermatofibroma:

fibrous

tumor

of

the

skin皮肤纤维瘤-or/-ereither

a

person

or

thingreceptor:

a

sensory

nerve

ending

that

responds

to

various

stimuli感受器，受体-orycharacterized

by;

pertaining

to

suspensory:

which

is

hanging

down悬吊式，悬带-osesugarfructose:

fruits

sugar

found

in

honey

and

some

fruit

果糖-osisabnormal

condition

onychocryptosis:

abnormal

condition

of

a

hidden

nail

嵌甲-ouspertaining

to

poisonous:

pertaining

to

poison;

also

containing

poison

有毒的，分泌毒素的-somesbodiesribosome:

the

body

of

nucleic

acid核糖体-umstructure;

thing;

substance结构，物质magnesium:

a

white

metallic

chemical

substance

镁（金属元素）-ycondition;

act;

processdystrophy:

disorder

caused

by

defective

nutrition

or

metabolism

营养不良The

following

is

a

list

of

the

most

commonly

used

compound

suffixesSuffixMeaning

Example-algiapain;

painful;

conditionarthralgia:

pain

in

a

joint

关节痛--aseenzyme

protease:

digestive

enzyme

蛋白酶-blastembryo胚，胚胎，人类胚胎hemocytoblast:

blast

cell

血胚细胞，原始血细胞-carcinomamalignant

tumor

developing

from

connective

tissue

相关组织的恶性肿瘤adenocarcinoma:

malignant

tumor

developing

from

glandular

tissue

腺癌-celeprotrusion;

distention突出；膨胀，延伸esophagocele:

abnormal

distention

of

the

esophagus

食管突出-centesissurgical

puncture

手术穿孔paracentesis:

surgical

puncture

of

a

cavity

for

the

aspiration

of

fluid

穿刺术-capniacarbon

dioxide

二氧化碳acapnia:

absence

of

carbon

dioxide

血液二氧化碳缺乏-cidekillgermicide:

(substance)

which

can

kill

germs杀菌剂-clastcellphagocyte:cell,

especially

a

white

blood

cell,

which

can

surround

and

destroy

other

cells

噬菌细胞-dyniapainglossodynia:

pain

in

the

tongue

舌痛-ectasia/-ectasisexpansion;

dilation(膨胀，扩张)atelectasis:

incomplete

expansion

of

the

lungs

at

birth

肺不张-ectomysurgical

excision

or

removal

of

gastrectomy:

surgical

removal

of

the

stomach胃切除术-edemaexcessive

accumulation

of

serous

fluid

水肿myxoedema:

condition

caused

when

the

thyroid

gland

does

not

produce

enough

thyroid

hormone

粘液腺瘤病，粘液水肿-emiablood

conditionleukemia:

any

of

several

malignant

diseases

where

an

abnormal

number

of

leucocytes

form

in

the

blood

白血病-emesisvomiting

呕吐hematemesis:

the

vomiting

of

blood

咯血；吐血-gensomething

that

produced

or

prouducespathogen:

a

microorganism

or

agent

capable

of

producing

disease

病菌，病原体-genesisproduction

生产spermatogenesis:

formation

and

development

of

spermatozoa

in

the

testes精子发生-globinprotein蛋白质hemoglobin:

an

iron-containing

protein

produced

by

erythrocytes

血红素-gnosisknowledgediagnosis:

the

process

of

identifying

the

nature

or

presence

of

a

disease

through

knowledge

and

examination

-gramimage;

pictureelectrocardiogram:

a

graphic

record

of

the

electrical

activity

of

heart

muscle

or

heartbeat

used

in

the

diagnosis

of

heart

disease.Abbr.

ECG

and

EKG.

Syn.

cardiogram

心电图-graph(y)process

of

recording记录过程electocardiography:

the

process

of

making

or

recording

electrocardiograms.

Syn.

cardiography

心电图记录-iasiscondition;

state情况，状况cholelithiasis:

the

formation

of

gallstones

胆石症-iatry/-iatricshealing,

frequently

refers

to

a

branch

of

medicine

康复，常指医学的一个分支podiatry:

treatment

of

foot

disorders足部医疗-lithstonecholelith:

a

gallstone;

a

stone

formed

in

the

gallbladder

胆结石-logythe

study

of

cytology:

the

science

study

of

cells

细胞学-logistone

who

studies

and

treatsurologist:

a

physician

who

specializes

in

the

practice

of

urology

泌尿科医生-lysisbreakdown,

destructionhemolysis:

the

destruction

or

breakdown

of

red

blood

cells

with

release

of

hemoglobin溶血-malaciasofteningosteomalacia:

softening

of

bone

骨软化-maniaextreme

compulsion

or

preoccupation强迫症kleptomania:

a

morbid,

uncontrollable

compulsion

to

steal

盗窃癖-megalygiantacromegaly:

a

condition

in

which

there

is

an

enlargement

of

the

facial

bones

as

well

as

those

of

the

lungs

肢端肥大症-metry/-metermeasurementspirometry:

measurement

of

the

volume

of

air

inhaled

and

exhaled

or

the

air

capacity

of

the

lungs肺(活)量测定(法),呼吸量测定(法)-odyniapaincardiodynia:

pain

in

the

heart

region

心痛，胸痛-onehormone荷尔蒙，激素parathormone:

which

regulates

calcium

balance

among

the

blood,

bones,

and

teeth甲状旁腺激素-opiaa

defect

in

the

eye眼睛的毛病myopia:

being

short-sighted

近视-opsyto

viewbiopsy:

excision

of

live

tissue

for

microscopic

diagnosis活检-osismorbid

condition病态的sclerosis:

abnormal

hardening

硬化症-osmiasmellanosmia:

loss

of

the

sense

of

smell嗅觉丧失-ostomyprocess

of

making

an

opening

into

or

a

connection

between造瘘gastrostomy:

surgical

construction

of

an

opening

from

the

surface

of

the

abdomen

into

the

stomach胃造口术-oxialevel

of

oxygen氧水平hypoxia:

a

low

oxygen

level

or

a

lack

of

oxygen

in

body

tissues组织缺氧-pathydisease;

diseased

conditionophthalmopathy:

any

eye

disease眼病-peniadeficiencyleukopenia:

deficiency

of

leukocytes

in

the

blood.

Syn.

leukocytopenia白细胞减少症-pepsiadigestioneupepsia:

good

digestion

消化良好--pexya

fixing

or

setting

firmly

in

place

by

suturing

缝合固定hepatopexy:

surgical

fixation

of

a

displace

liver肝固定术-phagia/phagyeating;

swallowing

吃，吞咽dysphagia:

difficulty

in

swallowing吞咽困难-philattraction吸引，具有吸引力的事物

basophil:

type

of

leucocyte

or

white

blood

cell

which

contains

granules嗜碱性粒细胞-phobiafearxenophobia:

irrational

fear

of

strangers对外国人的恐惧，憎恶-plasiaformation;

developmenthyperplasia:

overdevelopment

or

enlargement

of

an

organ

or

tissue增生，数量型肥大-phoniavoicedysphonia:

difficulty

in

speaking发声困难-plasmformation;

growth

or

substance

of

formationcytoplasm:

jelly

substance

in

the

cell细胞浆-plastysurgical

repairosteoplasty:

surgical

repair

of

the

bone骨整形术，骨成形术--plegiastroke;

paralysis

中风thermoplegia:

heat

or

sunsrtoke热射病-pneabreathingeupnea:

normal

breathing呼吸正常，平静呼吸--ptosisa

falling,

the

dropping

or

sagging

of

an

organ器官下移hepatoptosis:

abnormally

low

position

of

the

liver肝下垂-ptysisspitting分散melanoptysis:

spitting

of

the

spleen黑色痰液;咳黑痰-poiesisproductionhemopoiesis:

production

of

blood

cells

造血作用，生血作用-rrhage/-rrhagiabursting

forth

of

blood

出血menorrhagia:

very

heavy

bleeding

during

menstruation

月经过多-rrhaphysurgical

sewing

or

suturing

splenorrhaphy:

suture

of

the

spleen脾修补术-rrheaoverflowhydrorrhea:

watery

discharge液溢-(o)rrhexissplitting

or

rupture

撕裂，破裂，疝气amniorrhexis:

rupture

of

the

amniotic

ac羊膜破裂-sarcomamalignant

tumor

developing

from

connective

tissue

liposarcoma:

malignant

tumor

containing

fat脂肪肉瘤-schesisa

holding

back;

suppression

of

discharge阻碍；抑制排放uroschesis:

suppression

of

urine闭尿，尿潴留-sclerosisa

hardeningdermatosclerosis:

hardening

of

the

skin硬皮病-scopeinstrument

for

viewingstethoscope:

an

instrument

for

performing

medicate

ausculation听诊器-scopyprocess

of

examining

visually

hepatoscopy:

examination

of

the

liver

肝检查-spasminvoluntary

contractionangiospasm:

sudden

contraction

of

the

muscles

in

a

blood

vessel血管痉挛-stasissuppression;

stoppage;

control;

arrest抑制，中止hemostasis:

the

arrest

of

bleeding止血，止血法-stenosisabnormal

narrowing

of

a

duct

or

canal管、道德异常狭窄laryngostenosis:

abnormal

narrowing

of

the

larynx

喉狭窄-stomysurgical

opening

to

the

outside

of

the

body造口colostomy:

surgical

operation

to

make

an

opening

from

the

colon结肠造口术-tentionpressurehypertention:

high

blood

pressure

高血压-therapytreatmentphysiotherapy:

treatment

of

disease

by

physical

means物理疗法--tionprocesshospitalization:

the

process

of

being

hosipitalized住院-tocialabor;

birth

生产embryotocia:

abortion

流产-tometool

for

incisionarthrotome:

instrument

for

cutting

a

joint关节刀-tomyprocess

of

cutting

into

gastrotomy:

incision

of

the

stomach

胃切开术-tropiaturning

转弯，变向esotropia:

turning

inward

of

the

eye内斜视-trophynourishment

or

development

of

an

organ器官的营养、发育dystrophy:

disorder

caused

by

defective

nutrition

or

metabolism营养不良-uriaa

condition

of

the

urine（小便）dysuria:

difficultly

in

passing

urine

排尿困难-versionturningeversion:

a

turning

outward外翻，翻转Here

is

a

table

of

the

most

commonly

used

prefixesPrefixMeaningExamplea-/an-without;

notaphasia:

the

inability

to

understand

written

or

spoken

words

or

to

speak

meaningfully失语症ab-away

fromabortion:

expulsion

from

the

uterus流产ad-to;

toward;

nearadnasal:

near

the

nose

近鼻的acro-a

point

or

tipacronyx:

growing

into

the

flesh嵌甲alb-whitealbino:

a

person

lacking

normal

pigmentation白发病者amb-/ambi-bothambisexual、bisexual:

(person)

who

is

sexually

attracted

to

both

males

and

famales

双性恋amphi-/ampho-both;

both

sides

amphicentric:

beginning

and

ending

in

the

same

vessel起止同源的血管ana-up;

back

againanabolism:

process

of

building

up

complex

chemical

substances

on

the

basis

of

simpler

ones

合成代谢Angio-a

blood

vessel

angioma:

benign

tumor

formed

of

blood

vessel血管瘤ante-beforeantenatal:

during

the

period

between

conception

and

childbirth

出生前的，怀孕期的anti-againstantidepressant:

(drug)

used

to

treat

depression抗抑郁剂audi-hearing;

soundaudiometry:

science

of

testing

hearing听力测定auto-selfautoantibody:

antibody

formed

to

attack

the

body’s

own

cells自身抗体

bi-two;

twicebicellular:

two

cells两室的bio-living

organisms生命体biochemistry:

chemistry

living

tissues生物化学brady-

slowbradycardia:

slow

rate

of

heart

contraction,

shown

by

a

slow

pulse

rate心动过缓carcin-carcinoma

or

cancer癌；瘤carcinogen:

a

cancer-causing

substance致癌物cata-downwards;

under;

against;

along

withcataract:

condition

where

the

lens

of

the

eye

gradually

becomes

hard

and

opaque白内障centi-one

hundredth百分之一centimeter:

unit

of

measurement

of

length(=one

hundredth

of

a

meter)厘米co(n)-with

or

together

consanguineous:

blood

relationship血亲的，血缘的，密切的contra-againstcontraception:

prevention

of

pregnancy

by

using

devices

or

drugs

避孕法，节育法de-removal

or

lossdecaffeinated:

(coffee)

with

the

caffeine

removed

脱去咖啡因的deca-tendecagram:

ten

grams

十克deci-tenthdeciliter:

unit

of

measurement

of

liquid(=one

tenth

of

a

little)1/10公升di-twodiglossia:

a

double

tongue使用两种语言dia-through;

between;

apart;

acrossdiathermy:

process

of

(treating)

through

heat透热疗法dis-reversal

or

separate

disintegrate:

to

come

to

pieces分解，破裂dys-bad;

difficult;

disordereddysarthrosis:

deformity

or

malformation

of

a

joint关节变形echo-soundechocardiography:

ultrasonography

of

the

heart心回波描记，超声心动描记术ect-/ecto-outside

or

outerecchondroma:

benign

tumor

on

the

surface

of

cartilage

or

bone外生软骨瘤en-in;

withinenostosis:

benign

growth

inside

a

bone内生骨疣endo-insideendocardium:

membrane

which

lines

the

heart心内膜epi-on;

overepidermis:

outer

layer

of

skin表皮ery-rederythrocyte:

mature

non-nucleated

red

blood

cell红细胞eso-inward;

within(向内)esotropia:

turning

inward

of

the

eye内斜视eu-good

eugenics:

study

of

how

to

improve

the

human

race

by

genetic

selection优生学ex-/

exo-out

of

exhale:

to

breath

out

呼出extra-outsideextracapsular:

outside

a

capsule囊外的hemi-halfhemiplegia:

severe

paralysis

affecting

one

side

of

the

body

偏瘫,半身麻痹,半身不遂hydro-waterhydrocele:

collection

of

watery

liquid

found

in

a

cavity

such

as

the

scrotum阴囊积水hyper-higher

or

too

muchhyperglycaemia:

excess

of

glucose

in

the

blood高血糖症hypo-less

or

too

littlehypokalaemia:

deficiency

of

potassium

in

the

blood

低血钾in-in

or

into

inbreeding:

breeding

between

a

closely

related

male

and

female

近亲交配in-notincoherent:

not

able

to

speak

in

a

way

which

makes

sense语无伦次infra-below

or

beneathinfrapatellar:

below

or

beneath

the

patella髌inter-between

interlobular:

between

lobules小叶间的intra-insideintramedullary:

inside

the

bone

marrow

or

spinal

cord

髓内itro-intointrovert:

person

who

thinks

only

about

himself

and

his

own

mental

state性格内向的人mal-bad

or

abnormalmalfunction:

abnormal

working

of

an

argan机器等运转失常；失灵；出现故障meta-changesmetaplasia:

change

of

one

tissue

to

another

化生，转化，组织变形micro-very

smallmicrocyte:

abnormally

small

red

blood

cell小红细胞mid-middlemidcarpal:

between

the

two

rows

of

carpal

bones腕骨间的milli-one

thousandthmilligram:

unit

of

measurement

of

weight

毫克mis-error

or

wrongmiscarriage:

spontaneous

abortion流产multi-manymultigravida:

a

woman

who

is

pregnant

and

has

been

pregnant

at

least

twice

before

经产孕妇noct-at

nightnocturia:

passing

abnormally

large

quantity

of

urine

when

asleep

in

bed

at

night夜尿症nona-nine

or

the

ninethnonagon:

flat

shape

which

has

nine

sides九边形octa-eightoctan:

every

eight

days八日热；每隔八日发一次的odont-teethodontology:

study

of

teeth

and

associated

structures,

and

their

disordersonco-tumoursoncology:

scientific

study

of

new

gowths肿瘤学oro-mouthorolingual:

pertaining

to

the

mouth

and

tongue口与舌的pachy-thickeningpachysomia:

condition

where

soft

tissues

of

the

body

become

abnormally

thick躯体肥厚pali-/palin-against;

pathologic

repetition病态的重复palindromic:

(disease)

which

recurs复发的，再发的pan-/pant-/panto-allpancytopenia:

abnormal

depression

of

all

the

cellular

elements

of

the

blodd全血细胞减少症para-similar

to

or

near;

changed

or

beyondparalyse

or

paralyze:

to

weaken

(muscles)

so

that

they

cannot

function使麻痹，使瘫痪pen-/penta-fivepentosuria:

excretion

of

pentoses

in

the

urine戊糖尿per-throughpercutaneous:

done

or

administered

through

the

skin经皮的，由皮的peri-around

pericystitis:

inflammation

of

tissue

around

the

bladder膀胱周炎pero-deformed

or

defective畸形有缺陷的peromelia:

congenital

deformity

of

the

limbs四肢不全pharmaco-drugspharmacology:

study

of

drugs

or

medicines,

and

their

action,

properties

and

characteristics药理学，药物学pleo-/pleio-too

manypleokaryocyte:

condition

where

a

greater

than

normal

number

of

cells

in

cerebrospinal

fluid多核细胞pluri-morepluriglandular:

pertaining

to

or

affecting

seve