2020-2021最新高考英语阅读理解复习题(及答案)

2020-2021最新高考英语阅读理解复习题 （及答案 ）一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解ToensureanexcellentexperienceduringyourtouroftheMarkTwainHouse,herearesomeguidelinesandgeneralinformation:TheHouseisShownOnlybyGuidedTour.Toensureanoptimum（最佳）experience,housetoursarelimitedto14people,first-come,first-served.Ifyourgrouphasmorethan10people,call（860）280-3130toreserveadiscountedgrouptourinadvanceofyourvisit.Ifyouhaveapartyoffewerthan10peoplefeelfreetopurchaseticketsonline:WewillholdthematWillCall.Thetourscheduleisusuallyonlineaboutamonthinadvance.OursiteismadeupofthreebuildingsTheWebsterBankMuseumCenterattheMarkTwainHouse&Museumisalwaysyourfirstandlaststopasithousesourticketcounter,museumstore,film,exhibitsandcafe.AlltoursgatherinthemuseumcenterbeforeheadingovertoMarkTwain'shistoric1874home.MarkTwain'shistoriccarriagehouseisthethirdbuildingonourproperty,butisgenerallynotopentothepublic.Thehayloft（干草棚）hasbeenrepurposedintoofficesandthemainfloorofthebarnisaspaceavailableforrentforpartiesandmeetings.Coupons&DiscountsTheMarkTwainHouseoffersonlyafewcouponsanddiscounts.ThepriceyoupayforadmissionhelpsusmaintainthebeautyofthisiconofAmericanarchitecture.Ifyouareluckyenoughtofindoneofthosespecialoffersonlineoratyourlocallibrary,keepinmindtheyaregoodonlyforthegeneralMarkTwainHouseTours.Nopassesordiscountsmaybeappliedtoourspecialtytours.（1）Whatkindoftourbookedbeforehandenjoysadiscount?A.Specialtytour.B.GuidedtourC.Grouptourwith9people.D.Grouptourwith13people.（2）Whichplaceisnotavailabletotourists?A.TheWebsterBankMuseumCenter.B.MarkTwain'shistoriccarriagehouse.C.Thehayloft.D.MarkTwain'shistoric1874home.（3）Whatisthepurposeofchargingadmissionfees?A.Toearnmoremoney.B.Towellpreservethehouse.C.TosupportMarkTwain'sfamily.D.Toofferpartiesandmeetings.【答案】（1）DBB【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了参观马克 吐温故居的指南和信息。1）考查推理判断。根据 TheHouseisShownOnlybyGuidedTour.部分中的"Ifyourgrouphasmorethan10people,call（860）280-3130toreserveadiscountedgrouptourinadvanceofyourvisit."可知，如果您的团体人数超过 10人，请在您参观之前致电（860）280-3130预订折扣的团体游，可知，13人旅行团提前预定可以享受折扣，故选D。2）考查细节理解。根据 Oursiteismadeupofthreebuildings部分中的"MarkTwain'shistoriccarriagehouseisthethirdbuildingonourproperty,butisgenerallynotopentothepublic."可知，马克吐温的马车屋是不对游客开放的，故选 B。3）考查细节理解。根据 Coupons&Discounts部分中的"ThepriceyoupayforadmissionhelpsusmaintainthebeautyofthisiconofAmericanarchitecture."可知，你们的入场费用帮助我们保持这个美国标志性建筑 ——马克吐温故居的美丽，可知，收取入场费的目的是保护好马克吐温故居，故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。2．阅读理解GarbagesortinghasbecomeahotissuearoundChina,especiallyafterShanghaibegancarryingoutaregulationonJuly1.Beijing,asaforerunnerinenvironmentalprotection,hasthusbeenexpectedtofollowsuit.Thecapitalofthecountryhaslongbeencampaigningforsortingandrecyclinghouseholdwaste,aspartofitsenvironmentaldriveforsustainablegrowth,localmediareported.Thecurrentregulationgivesgarbagesortingresponsibilitiestogovernmentdepartments,propertymanagementgroupsandotherorganizations.Italsogivesrulesforcompanies,outlininghowthey'reresponsibleforwastecollection,transportationandtreatment.Onlyindividualsarenotsubjecttoresponsibilities.Thelong-awaitedrevisionwillsoonchangethesituation,"Takingoutthetrashwithoutsortingitproperlywillbeillegal,"saidSunXinjun,directoroftheBeijingCommissionofUrbanManagement.InShanghai,violatorsarenowfinedupto200yuan（$30）fortrash-sortingviolations.ThemaximumfineinBeijingwillnotbelessthanthat,hesaid.TheBeijingcitygovernmentfirstsetouttopromotegarbagesortingin2009.Authoritieshavesincecalledoncitizenstosorttheirhouseholdwasteintofourtypes-recyclablewaste,kitchentrash,dangerouswasteandothers-andleaveitinacorrespondingdustbinortrashcan.Bluecoloreddustbinssignifyitemswithinarerecyclable,greenrepresentskitchentrash,redcorrespondstodangerousmaterialsandgreytootherwaste.Topromotetheawarenessofgarbagesortingandexpandthebaseofparticipants,authoritieshaveemployedworkerstohelpresidentsonthespot.Withintelligentdevices,thosewhothrowinrecyclablewasteatgivensiteswillberewardedwithbonuspoints,whichcanbeusedtobuydailygoods.Atsomecommunities,therearenocolor-codeddustbins.Instead,ascheduledgarbagecollectionserviceisofferedtohelpimprovetheenvironment.Inothercommunities,workersofferadoor-to-doorservicetocollectrecyclablesorkitchenwaste.BeijingEnvironmentalSanitationEngineeringGrouphasbeenpromotingnewgarbagesortingfacilitiessuchasrecyclingcabinetsandsmartkitchenwastetrashcanssince2016,XinhuaNewsAgencyreported.Nearly26,000metrictonsofhouseholdwasteisgeneratedacrossBeijingonadailybasisand29terminalgarbagedisposalfacilitiesareworkingatfullcapacity.Nearly9.3milliontonsofhouseholdwastewasprocessedinthecitylastyear.Accordingtothepassage,whichdustbinsshouldsomeusedcokecansbethrowninto?A.Grey-coloreddustbins. B.Red-coloreddustbins.C.Green-coloreddustbins. D.Blue-coloreddustbins.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.newtechnologyhasbeenappliedtohelpdealwithgarbageBeijingcarriedoutamoresevereruleongarbagesortingthanShanghaithechangeofthecurrentregulationhasarousedobjectionamongcitizenstheamountofhouseholdwasteinBeijingisfarfromsomethingdisturbingWhatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowtoSortGarbageinChinaB.TheCurrentRegulationinBeijingC.GarbageCollectioninBeijingD.WasteRecyclingProjectCountsThepassagecanbesortedas.A.abookreviewB.atravelbrochureC.anenvironmentreportD.ageographyessay【答案】(1)D⑵ACC【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了垃圾分类在北京的实施情况。(1)考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的 "Bluecoloreddustbinssignifyitemswithinarerecyclable,可知，蓝色垃圾箱装的是可回收垃圾，而用过的可乐罐属于可回收垃圾，应投入蓝色垃圾箱内，故选Do(2)考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的 "Withintelligentdevices,thosewhothrowinrecyclablewasteatgivensiteswillberewardedwithbonuspoints可知，有了智能设备；那些将垃圾投入到指定垃圾箱的市民将获得奖励积分，由此可知，新技术已应用于帮助处理垃圾，故选Ao(3)考查主题大意。通读全文，特别是根据第二段中的 "Beijing,asaforerunnerinenvironmentalprotection,hasthusbeenexpectedtofollowsuit.可知，本文主要介绍了垃圾分类在北京的实施情况，故选C(4)考查推理判断。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍的是垃圾分类在北京的实施情况，这属于环保话题，因此文章可能是一份环境报告，故选Co【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。3.阅读理解Thenewsocialrobots,includingJibo,Cozmo,KuriandMeccanoM.A.X.,bearsomeresemblancetoassistantslikeApple'sSiri,buttheserobotscomewithsomethingmore.Theyaredesignedtowinusovernotwiththeirsmartsbutwiththeirpersonality.Theyaresoldascompanionsthatdomorethantalktous.Timemagazinehailed（称赞）therobotsthat"couldfundamentallyreshapehowweinteractwithmachines."Butisreshapinghowweinteractwithmachinesagoodthing,especiallyforchildren?Someresearchersinfavoroftherobotsdon'tseeaproblemwiththis.Peoplehaverelationshipswithmanykindsofthings.Somesayrobotsarejustanotherthingwithwhichwecanhaverelationships.Tosupporttheirargument,roboticistssometimespointtohowchildrendealwithtoydolls.Childrenanimate（赋予••生命）dollsandturnthemintoimaginaryfriends.Jibo,inasense,willbeonemoreimaginaryfriend,andarguablyamoreintelligentandfunone.Gettingattachedtodollsandsociablemachinesisdifferent,though.Today'srobotstellchildrenthattheyhaveemotions,friendships,evendreamstoshare.Inreality,thewholegoaloftherobotsisemotionaltrickery.Forinstance,Cozmotherobotneedstobefed,repairedandplayedwith.BorisSofman,thechiefexecutiveofAnki,thecompanybehindCozmo,saysthattheideaistocreate"adeeperanddeeperemotionalconnection...Andifyouneglecthim,youfeelthepainofthat."Whatisthepointofthis,exactly?Whatdoesitmeantofeelthepainofneglectingsomethingthatfeelsnopainatbeingneglected,ortofeelangeratbeingneglectedbysomethingthatdoesn'tevenknowitisneglectingyou?Thisshouldnotbeouronlyconcern.Itistroublingthattheserobotstrytoempathizewithchildren.Empathyallowsustoputourselvesintheplaceofothers,toknowwhattheyarefeeling.Robots,however,havenoemotionstoshare,andtheycannotputthemselvesinourplace.Nomatterwhatroboticcreatures"say"orsqueak,theydon'tunderstandouremotionallives.Theypresentthemselvesasempathymachines,buttheyaremissingtheessentialequipment.Theyhavenotbeenborn,theydon'tknowpain,ordeath,orfear.Robotthinkingmaybethinking,butrobotfeelingisneverfeeling,androbotloveisneverlove.Whatisalsotroublingisthatchildrentakerobots'behaviortoindicatefeelings.Whentherobotsinteractwiththem,childrentakethisasevidencethattherobotslikethem,andwhenrobotsdon'tworkwhenneeded,childrenalsotakeitpersonally.Theirrelationshipswiththerobotsaffecttheirself-esteem（自尊）.Inonestudy,an8-year-oldboyconcludedthattherobotstoppedtalkingtohimbecausetherobotlikedhisbrothersbetter.Forsolong,wedreamedofartificialintelligenceofferingusnotonlysimplehelpbutconversationandcare.Nowthatourdreamisbecomingreal,itistimetodealwiththeemotionaldownsideoflivingwithrobotsthat"feel."（1）HowarethenewsocialrobotsdifferentfromSiri?Theyareintendedtoteachchildrenhowtotalk.Theyaredesignedtoattractpeoplewiththeirsmarts.Theirmainfunctionistoevaluatechildren'spersonality.Theyhaveanewwaytocommunicatewithhumanbeings.InParagraph3Cozmoisusedasanexampletoshowthatthesocialrobots.aredeeplyconnectedwithhumanbeingsareunabletobuildarealrelationshipwithchildrenaresoadvancedthattheycanfeelthepainofhumanbeingsarenotgoodenoughtocarryouttheinstructionsofchildrenTheunderlinedphrase"essentialequipment"inParagraph4refersto.A.emotion B.pain C.fear D.thinkingWhichofthefollowingshowsthedevelopmentofideasinthepassage?IntroductionP:PointSp:Sub-point(次要点)C:ConclusionC. D.【答案】(1)D⑵BAB【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇议论文，新的社交机器人与以往机器人不同，他们不仅比我们聪明还有他们的个性。时代周刊称它彻底改变了我们与机器互动的方式。但是对这种改变有的科学家赞同而有很多人也很担忧。(1)考查推理判断。根据第一段中 的‘Thenewsocialrobots,includingJibo,Cozmo,KuriandMeccanoM.A.X.,bearsomeresemblancetoassistantslikeApple'sSiri,buttheserobotscomewithsomethingmore.”可知，新的社交机器人与像苹果的 Siri这样的助理有相同之处，但比它们有更多功能；再根据第一段中的 "Timemagazinehailed(称赞)therobotsthat"couldfundamentallyreshapehowweinteractwithmachines.可知：社交机器人彻底改变了我们与机器互动的方式，可以推知以一种新的方式与人们交流互动。故选Do(2)考查推理判断。 Cozmo是第三段的举例，举例肯定是用来证明本段或者其前边的观点的。本段的中心是"Gettingattachedtodollsandsociablemachinesisdifferent,though.与洋娃娃相处与与社交机器相处是不同的；再根据第三段中的 "Whatdoesitmeantofeelthepainofneglectingsomethingthatfeelsnopainatbeingneglected,ortofeelangeratbeingneglectedbysomethingthatdoesn'tevenknowitisneglectingyou? 你觉得忽略了机器人而难受，但是机器人并不会感觉被忽略，或者你感觉机器人冷落了你而难受但是机器人根本不知道它冷落了你，这些意味着什么呢？可知，社交机器人并不能真的跟小朋友建立感情。故选 Bo(3)考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的 "Theyhavenotbeenborn,theydon'tknowpain,ordeath,orfear.Robotthinkingmaybethinking,butrobotfeelingisneverfeeling,androbotloveisneverlove.可知，社交机器人不知道疼，死亡或害怕。社交机器人的思维可能是在想，但是他们的感觉从来不是感觉，他们的爱也从来不是爱。这句话是证明划线单词所在句子的论点的，他们是会同情的机器，但是他们缺少感情，导致他们所谓的感情是假的。所以划线单词词意为f#感。故选A。(4)考查篇章结构。分析文章内容，第一段提出观点：社交机器人改变了我们与机器互动的方式。第二段提出一些支持这一改变的专家的想法，第三段提出一些人对这一改变的担忧，并且第三段后半部分以及第四段、第五段分别是这些人的三点担忧。最后一段总结这一趋势面临的现状。所以文章提出观点后，分为支持和反对两个观点，反对方面又列出了三点担忧，最后一段总结。故选Bo【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和篇章结构三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。4.阅读理解Theterm"smilingdepression"—appearinghappytootherswhileactuallysufferingdepressivesymptoms—hasbecomeincreasinglypopular.Infact,manypeoplewhoexperiencealowmoodandalossofpleasureinactivitiesmanagetohidetheirconditioninthisway.Andthesepeoplemightbeparticularlyeasytosuicide.Whilesmilingdepressionisnotatechnicaltermthatpsychologistsuse,itiscertaintobedepressedandmanagetosuccessfullymaskthesymptoms.Theclosesttechnicaltermforthisconditionis"atypicaldepression:Itcanbeveryhardtospotpeoplesufferingdepressionbecausetheymayseemliketheydon'thaveareasontobesad-theyhaveajob,anapartmentandmaybeevenchildrenorapartner.Theysmilewhenyougreetthemandcancarrypleasantconversations.Inshort,theyoftenputonamasktotheoutsideworldwhileleadingseeminglynormalandactivelives.Inside,however,theyoftenfeelhopelessanddown,sometimesevenhavingthoughtsaboutendingitall.Peoplewithsmilingdepressionputonahappyfacetotheoutsideworld,buttheycanexperiencealiftintheirmoodasaresultofpositiveoccurrencesintheirlives.Othersymptomsofthisconditionincludeovereating,feelingasenseofheavinessinthearmsandlegsandbeingeasilyhurtbycriticismorrejection.Theyarealsomorelikelytofeeldepressedintheeveningandfeeltheneedtosleeplongerthanusual.Withotherformsofdepression,however,yourmoodmightbeworseinthemorningandyoumightfeeltheneedforlesssleepthanyouarenormallyusedto.Sohowcantheybreakthiscircle?Astartingpointneedstobeknownthatthisconditionactuallyexistsandthatit'sserious.Onlywhenwestopignoringourproblemsbecausewethinkthey'renotseriousenoughcanwestartmakinganactualdifference.Thenwecanfindpurposebytakingtheattentionawayfromourselvesandplacingitontosomethingelse.Feelingthatourlivesmatterisfinallywhatgivesuspurposeandmeaning-andthiscanmakeasignificantdifferenceforourmentalhealthandwell-being.Whatdoweknowaboutpeoplesufferingsmilingdepression?A.Theyarewearingmasksallday. B.Theyaredifficulttogetalongwith.C.Theyleadanabnormallifeactually. D.Mostofthemcommitsuicide.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"atypical"inparagraph2mean?A.representative B.common C.hidden D.formalComparedwithsmilingdepression,peoplesufferingotherdepressions.A.mayfeelsleeplessB.feelmoredepressedintheeveningC.aretiredofheavinessinthearmsD.mayeatmorefoodWhatcanwedotoovercomesmilingdepression?A.Nevertalkaboutsmilingdepressionandignoreitsexistence.B.Admittheconditionandpayattentiontoourselves.C.Valuetheimportanceofourlifeandenjoyit.D.Findouttheproblemandplaceitontosomebodyelse.【答案】(1)CCAC【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了 微笑抑郁”这个名字的来历，相关的症状，以及克服这种抑郁症的方法。(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的 "Inshort,theyoftenputonamasktotheoutsideworldwhileleadingseeminglynormalandactivelives.Inside,however,theyoftenfeelhopelessanddown,sometimesevenhavingthoughtsaboutendingitall. 可知有这种症状的人总是表现出正常的一面，而事实上他们的内心很失落和绝望，有时甚至想要结束生命。故选 Co(2)考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的 "Itcanbeveryhardtospotpeoplesufferingdepressionbecausetheymayseemliketheydon'thaveareasontobesad-theyhaveajob,anapartmentandmaybeevenchildrenorapartner.可知这种症状很难被发现，因为患者表面上过着正常的生活，故推测划线部分的意思事 难以发现的/隐藏的"。故选Co(3)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的 "Withotherformsofdepression,however,yourmoodmightbeworseinthemorningandyoumightfeeltheneedforlesssleepthanyouarenormallyusedto.可知有其它抑郁症状的人会在早上感觉情绪低落，和平时相比睡觉更少。故选 Ao(4)考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的 "Feelingthatourlivesmatterisfinallywhatgivesuspurposeandmeaning-andthiscanmakeasignificantdifferenceforourmentalhealthandwell-being.可知感觉我们的生活的重要性，这最终给了我们目标和意义一一这对我们的心理健康和幸福感会产生重大影响。故选 C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和词义猜测和两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。5.阅读理解In1963,atage65,mygrandfather,Erwin,decidedtobuildanewhouse.Hewasn'tquitesurewhattodowiththeoldhousesinceitsatwherethenewhousewouldbe.Hefinallyhiredapowerfulvehicletopushitfaroutintoasmallgroupoftrees.Thatoldhousesitstheretothisveryday.Erwinandhiswife,Elida,passedaway,andIpurchasedthefarmfromtheirestate.MywifeandIraisedoursonsonthisplaceandhavelivedhereformorethan30years.Whenwefirstmovedin,mywifetookonelookatthedesertedhouseanddeclareditahiddendanger.Iagreedandplannedonalargebonfire.ButIthoughtitappropriatetocheckoutthehousefirst,justincasesomethingofworthhadbeenleftbehind.Iwalkedthroughthetallgrassinthemeadowwheretheoldhousesat.Timehadwornitout.Theentrancefloorhadfallendownonitselfandmostofthewindowsweregone.Weenteredthroughanopenwindow. (T)_Herelaytheremindersofmygrandparents'lives:abrokenchair,someoldclothes...Butthethingthatdrewmyeyewasacardboardboxstuffedwithpapers.Idugthroughitscontentsandwasinstantlytransportedbackintime.Therewasataxreturnfrom1957.Greetingcardsfromoldfriendsandrelatives,nowalldeadandgone.Anuncle'sthird-gradespellingbook.Sosweetwerethememoriesthatthe01dhousewassparedthetorch.Aswehurriedthroughourlives,myvisitsgrewinfrequent.Imightcatchaglimpseofthehousethroughthetreesandrememberedhow,asachild,Iwouldstruggletowalkinmyfather'sfootprints.Eventhen,Icouldimaginenonoblercallingthanfarming,justlikeDad.Then,oneAprilmorning,myfatherwasfelledbyamassiveheartattack,atage68.Theentirefamilywasshockedbyhispassing,nonemorethanme.WhyIvisitedthatoldhouseonadayshortlyaftermyfather'sfuneralisstillbeyondme.Itwasasthoughitwerecalling;eventhetreesseemedtowhisperaninvitationtocome,tovisit,tostayawhile.②AsIstoodonceagainonthatancientfloor,myeyewasdrawntoapileofpapersonthefloor.Anenvelope,yellowedwithage,layontop.Abluestampontheenveloperead"PassedbyNavalCensor"HowcouldIhavemissedthistreasure?MyfatherhadservedaboardtheUSSWashingtonduringWorldWarIIandhadwrittenhomewheneverhecould.Mygrandmothersavedallofhisletters.Iremovedonelettercarefullyfromitsenvelope. 蓟ItwasdatedSeptember1944.MyfatherwouldhavebeensomewhereintheSouthPacificatthattimeandallof18yearsold.Tstudiedthefamiliarhandwriting.Dadwonderedhowthecomharvesthadbeen.Hesupposedthathisyoungestbrotherwasstartingfirstgradeandimaginedthathewasbecomingquitethelittleman.Heaskedhismothertogreeteveryoneandsaidthathemissedthemall.Itwasn'thardtoreadbetweenthelines.Herewasahomesickyoungman,akidreally,whohadspenthisentirelifelivinguponaseaofflatlandgrass.Nowhewasonadifferentkindofsea,anoceanthatwasbeingdisturbedbythethunderandthelightningofaworldatwar.Atthebottomofthepage,myfatherhadpassedononelastmessage.TearsburnedmyeyesasIreadthosewordshehadsocarefullyemphasized:"Alliswellhere.Pleasedon'tworry.Iamdoingfine."AsIlefttheoldhousethatday,Itookonelastglancebackatitovermyshoulder.Idon'tcarewhatanyonethinks,Idecided.Thatoldhousegetstostaythereuntilitrotsintotheearth.Whydidthewritervisitthelongforgottenhouse?A.Hehadtoensurehisfamily'ssafety. B.Thereweresomeantiquesinside.C.Hewantedtosortvaluablestuff. D.Hiswifeaskedhimtocheckitout.TheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3impliesthat .A.theshabbyhouseprovedofgreatuse B.thehouseheldhischildhoodmemoriesC.thewritercouldnoterasegrandpa'spast D.thewriterfinallygaveuptheinitialplanWheredoesthefollowingsentencefitinbest?"IfeltasthoughIhadsteppedintoatimecapsule."A.① B.② C.③ D.④WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph4?A.Father'sdeathcausedadisastertothewriter'sfamily.Fatherhadastronginfluenceonthewriter'schildhood.C.ThewriterwantedtofindFather'slettersintheoldhouse.D.Thehousewastotallyforgottenbythewriter'sfamily.⑸DuringhisservingintheUSNavy,thewriter'sfathercouldbedescribedasA.ambitiousandenergetic B.proudandpatientconsiderateandhomesick D.confidentandhelpful(6)Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.SavingGrandpa'sHome B.TreasuringOldStuffC.Grandpa,FatherandI D.LettersFromFather【答案】(1)C⑵DAB⑸C(6)A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者本来要烧毁祖父的老房子，但却在老房子里找到了父亲在外打仗期间写给家人的信，信里讲述了作者父亲对家人的关心以及流露出来的思乡之情，最后作者放弃了烧毁房子的计划。(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的 "ButIthoughtitappropriatetocheckoutthehouseTOC\o"1-5"\h\zfirst,justincasesomethingofworthhadbeenleftbehind.作者想要先去房子里看看还有什么值钱的留下来，故选 Co(2)考查句义猜测。第三段提到了许多与这个老房子相关的记忆；再根据第二段中的 ”Iagreedandplannedonalargebonfire. 作者在来老房子之前想要烧掉老房子，而在看过老房子之后才发现，老房子承载着美好的回忆，于是作者放弃了烧毁它的计划。故选 Do（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的 ”Weenteredthroughanopenwindow.表明作者进入“了房子；以及 ”Herelaytheremindersofmygrandparents'lives，房子里都是有关爷爷的东“西，感觉一下就把作者从现在拉回到了过去，就像是进入了时空舱一样，故选A。（4）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的 “Theentirefamilywasshockedbyhispassing,nonemorethanme”，作者父亲在六十八岁时因为心脏病去世，整个家庭都非常的震惊，但谁也没有作者那么难过，说明作者与父亲之间的感情非常的深厚。故选 B。5）考查细节理解。根据第六段中的 “Heaskedhismothertogreeteveryoneandsaidthathemissedthemall.；以及第七段中的” ”Herewasahomesickyoungman,”和“hehadsocarefullyemphasized:"Alliswellhere.Pleasedon'tworry.Iamdoingfine."作者父亲在信中关心了自己的弟弟，叫妈妈代自己向大家问好，字里行间都让家人不要担心自己，由此可见父亲信中对家人的关心以及流露出来的思乡之情。故选 C。6）考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的 “Iagreedandplannedonalargebonfire.作者本来准 ”备要把老房子烧掉的，但在老房子中发现了父亲对这个家浓浓的爱，由此产生了深刻的羁绊；再根据最后一段中的“Thatoldhousegetstostaythereuntilitrotsintotheearth.要让老房子一直待在那里，直到与世界交融在一起，说明作者最后是保留了老房子，即拯救了老房子。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。．阅读理解ChinaandIndiaareleadersinimprovingglobal（全球的）treecover,anewstudybasedonNASAresearchshowed.Theytooka31.8%parttogetherofthetotalglobalnewleafareabetween2000and2017.Chinaplayedamajorrole,adding25%tothisincrease,andIndiaadded6.8%,followedbyCanadaandRussia.ThestudyintheNatureSustainabilityjournalshowsthatmorethan5.5millionsquarekilometersofgreenleafareawasaddedglobally.Since2000,therehasbeenafive-percentincreaseinglobalgreencover,itsaid."ThegreeningoverthelasttwentyyearsshowsanincreaseinleafareaonplantsandtreeswhichisaslargeastheareaoftheentireAmazonrainforest,"ChiChen,aBostonUniversityresearcherandleadofthestudytoldNatureSustainability.LargeplantationactivitiestoprotectforestsinChinacontributednearly42%tothecountry'sgreencover,andagricultureaddedanother32%.InIndia,82%oftheincreaseinleafareawasbecauseofagriculture."ChinaandIndiatakeupone-thirdofthegreening,butholdonlyninepercentoftheplanet'slandareacoveredingreenplants,"ChiChentoldNASAEarthObservatory."Thatisasurprisingfinding,consideringthelanddegradation（退化）incountrieswithlargepopulations."BostonUniversity'sresearchteamfirstdetectedanincreaseinglobalgreencoverinthe1990sbutwereunsureaboutwhatcontributedtotheincrease.Finally,withthehelpofNASA'sTerraandAquasatellitesresearch,theymanagedtofindouttheincreaseinleafcoverfromdifferentareasandplaces.Whichcountryincreasedthelargestpartofthenewleafarea?A.India B.China C.Canada D.RussiaForwhatpurposedidtheauthormentiontheAmazonrainforest?A.Toshowhowgreattheachievementwas. B.Toshowtheimportanceofrainforest.C.Toexplainwhatdifficultieswehavenow. D.Toexplainthereasonforincreasingforests.Accordingtoparagraphfour,thefollowingstatementsaretrueEXCEPT.ChinaandIndiahavelargepopulationsandlanddegradationproblemabout9%oftheplanet'sgreeningisinChinaandIndiaChinaandIndiaareleadingintheglobalgreencoverincreasetheleafcoverareainChinaandIndiaisstilllimitedifviewedglobally【答案】(1)B⑵A(3)B【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一项新研究显示，中国和印度在改善全球树木覆盖方面处于领先地位。同时中国和印度占了地球绿化面积的三分之一，但却只占地球陆地面积的9%。考虑到人口众多国家的土地退化，这是一个令人惊讶的发现。(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的 "Chinaplayedamajorrole,adding25%tothisincrease,andIndiaadded6.8%,followedbyCanadaandRussia.中'国扮演了主要的角色，增加了 25%,印度增加了6.8%,加拿大和俄罗斯紧随其后。可知中国新增的森林面积最大。故选 Bo(2)考查推理判断。根据第三段中的 "'ThegreeningoverthelasttwentyyearsshowsanincreaseinleafareaonplantsandtreeswhichisaslargeastheareaoftheentireAmazonrainforest,ChiChen,aBostonUniversityresearcherandleadofthestudytoldNatureSustainability.过去20年的绿化表明，植物和树木的叶子面积增加了，相当于整个亚马逊雨林的面积，"波士顿大学研究员、该研究的负责人陈驰告诉《自然 可持续性》杂志。可知作者提到了亚马逊雨林，以表明这一成就是多么伟大。故选 Ao(3)考查细节理解。根据第四段中的 "'ChinaandIndiatakeuponehirdofthegreening,butholdonlyninepercentoftheplanet'slandareacoveredingreenplants,ChiChentoldNASAEarthObservatory.陈驰告诉美国国家航空航天局地球观测站 ："中国和印度占了地球绿化面积的三分之一，但却只占地球陆地面积的 9%。"可知B选项"大约9%的地球绿化发生在中国和印度"错误，故选Bo【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。.阅读理解Itstartedduringayogaclass.Shefeltastrangepullonherneck,afeelingcompletelyforeigntoher.Herfriendsuggestedsherushtotheemergencyroom.Itturnedoutthatshewashavingaheartattack.Shedidn'tsharesimilarsymptomswithsomeonewhowaslikelytohaveaheartattack.Sheexercised,watchedherplateanddidnotsmoke.Butonreviewinghermedicalhistory,Ifoundthathercholesterol(胆固醇)levelwassky-high.Shehadbeenprescribedacholesterol-loweringstatin（他汀）medication,butsheneverpickeduptheprescriptionbecauseofthescarythingsshehadreadaboutstatinsontheInternet.Shewasthevictimoffakemedicalnews.Whilemisinformationhasbeentheobjectofgreatattentioninpolitics,medicalmisinformationmightleadtoanincreaseindeaths.Asistruewithfakenewsingeneral,medicalliestendtospreadfurtherthantruthsontheInternet—andtheyhaveveryrealbadconsequences.Falsemedicalinformationcanalsoleadtopatientsexperiencinggreatersideeffectsthroughthe"noceboeffect（反安慰齐U效应）".Sometimespatientsbenefitfromanintervention（干预）simplybecausetheybelievetheywill—that'stheplaceboeffect（安慰剂效应）.Thenoceboeffectistheopposite.Patientscanexperienceharmfuleffectsbecausetheyanticipatethem.Thisisverytrueofstatins.Inblindedtrials,patientswhogetstatinsarenomorelikelytoreportfeelingmuscleachesthanpatientswhogetaplacebo.Yet,inclinicalpractice,accordingtoonestudy,almostafifthofpatientstakingstatinsreportsideeffects,leadingmanytodiscontinuethedrugs.Whatelseisonthefakenewshitlist?Asalways,vaccines（疫苗）.Fals