湖南省雅礼教育集团2023-2024学年高二上学期期末英语试卷 含解析

雅礼教育集团2023年下学期期末考试试卷高二英语时量：120分钟分值：150分选择题部分第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Collectsomeinformation.BDiscusswithsomestudents.C.Getthewomen’sopinion.2.Whyisthewomaninahurry?A.Toansweracall.B.Tosearchforastore.C.Tolookforawashroom.3.WhathappenedtoLarrylastnight?A.Hefellintowater.B.Hecouldn’tfindhishotel.C.Hewascaughtintherain.4.Wherewillthewomangotomorrownight?A.Totheman’shouse.B.Toacinema.C.Toarestaurant.5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman?A.Bad-tempered.B.Warm-hearted.C.Absent-minded.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatisthemanworriedabout?A.Hisfriend’svisit.B.Lossofhisfriend.C.Hispoorcooking.7.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Downloadanapp.B.Cookuniquecuisines.C.Gooutwithhisfriend.听下面一段对话，回答第8至第9三个小题。8.Whatdoesthewomanshowtheman?A.Hervisa.B.Herpassport.C.HerIDcard.9.Whatwillthewomandowithherluggage?A.Checkitin.B.Makeitlighter.C.Takeitwithher.听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。10.Whydoesthewomanfindthestudyhard?A.Thepoemsfocusonsomedifficulttopics.B.Shehastocomparepoemsacrosslanguages.C.Shelacksknowledgeaboutdifferentcultures.11.Whatdayisittoday?A.Sunday.B.Saturday.C.Monday.12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fatheranddaughter.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Husbandandwife.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。13.Wherewillthespeakersparktheirmotorhome?A.Attheirhome.B.Inthewoods.C.Onabeach.14.Whatdidthewomandointhemorning?A.Shestoredwaterinthevehicle.B.Shetookapictureofthevehicle.C.Shefilledthevehicleupwithgas.15.WhatseasonisitnowinScotland?A.Spring.B.Summer.C.Winter.16.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Takeashower.B.Turntheheaton.C.Checktheamountofgas.听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。17.Whenwilltheeventbeheld?A.FromJanuary12toFebruary10.B.FromJanuary10toFebruary12.C.FromJanuary12toFebruary12.18.Howmuchshouldacouplewithachildof8payfortheirentrance?A.$20.B.$10.C.$30.19.Whicheventisnewthisyear?A.Aflowershow.B.Afancydresscompetition.C.Awintersport.20.Wherewillthefoodshopsbe?A.Nexttotheentrance.B.Inthecenterofthesite.C.Besidetheamusementrides.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AAdvanceAfricaVolunteersinKenyaoffersopportunitiestointernationalvolunteersinschools,hospitalsandcommunitymedicalclinics.KenyaVolunteerProgramScheduleYoucanvolunteerforanydurationandstayaslongasyouwish.Youcanarriveatanytimeduringthemonthandthevolunteerworkstartsthefollowingday.Youwilltypicallyworkbetween9a.m.and4p.m.MondaytoFriday.Youwillspendyoursparetimeshopping,eatingout,seeingmovies,chattingwithothervolunteersorswimming.KenyaVolunteerProgramisopento:Weinviteindividuals,couples,families,students,researchers,andgroups(churches,colleges,andstudentassociations).VolunteeringinKenyaCostsCostfor2weeksorless$500.00Costfor1month$700.00Costfor6weeks$900.00Costfor2months$1,100.00$200moreforeveryextratwoweeks.Norefunds(退款)willbepaidtoanyvolunteerwhohasarrivedinthecountryandstartedontheirprogramduetoprogramchange,earlydeparturesetc.OurVolunteerinKenyaProgramOffersWehavevolunteersallyearround.Thisgivesyouplentyofcompanytoenjoyexcitingtraveladventures.Someofourvolunteertravelprojectsdonotrequirespecificskills.Everyonecanparticipateregardlessofageorgender.Otherprojectsrequireparticularskills,educationorinterest.ThevolunteerinKenyaprogramfeecoverscommunication,airportpick-up,localsupport,in-countryorientation,training,accommodationandtwomealsperday(threemealsovertheweekendsifyouareattheprovidedaccommodation).ThevolunteerinKenyacostsyouneedtomeetare:yourflighttoandfromthecountry,visafees,workpermits,travelinsurance,in-countrytransportandreturntriptotheairport.TypicalLivingArrangements:AdvanceAfricaVolunteers’houseandhome-stays.1.WhatcanweknowaboutKenyaVolunteerProgram?A.Ithasflexibleschedule. B.Itistargetedattheyouth.C.Itoffershotelaccommodation. D.Itneedspreviousexperience.2.Whatarethefeesfor10-weekvolunteering?A.$800.00. B.$1,000.00.C.$1,100.00. D.$1,300.00.3.WhatdoesKenyaVolunteerProgramoffer?A.Travelinsurance. B.Freetransport.C.Airportpick-upservice. D.Financialsupport.【答案】1.A2.D3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在肯尼亚的志愿者项目，包括费用、安排以及住宿等。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据KenyaVolunteerPro-gramSchedule部分中“Youcanvolunteerforanydurationandstayaslongasyouwish.Youcanarriveatanytimeduringthemonthandthevolunteerworkstartsthefollowingday.”（你可以做任何志愿者，想待多久就待多久。你可以在这个月的任何时间到达，志愿者工作第二天就开始了。）可知，志愿者项目的时间安排非常灵活。故选A。2.细节理解题。根据VolunteeringinKenyaCosts部分中“Costfor2months$1,100.00”（2个月费用$1100.00）以及“200moreforeveryextratwoweeks.”（每多两周就多200。）可知，每多两周费用将增加200美元，因此$1,100.00+$200.00=$1300.00。故选D。3.细节理解题。根据OurVolunteerinKenyaProgramOffers部分中“ThevolunteerinKenyaprogramfeecoverscommunication,airportpick-up”（肯尼亚志愿者项目费用包含通讯、接机）可知，这个志愿者项目提供接机服务。故选C。B17-year-oldTibetangirlCiglaisafreshmanatNagquNo.2SeniorHighSchoolinLhasa,whichsit3,650metersabovesealevel.Shenowplayspointguardfortheschool’s12-memberfemalebasketballteam.“Practicemakesperfect.Yougetusedtothealtitudewhenyoulovethesportandtrainhardenough,”saidthepotentialbasketballstar,whohasbeencrazyaboutthesportsincetakingitupthreeyearsago.Withoutstandingspeedandaccuratepasses,sheneverfailstoshineonthebasketballcourt,evenwhenshecompetesagainsttheboys.Thoughsheisafreshmaninhighschool,Ciglaalreadyhasaclearpictureofherfuture--enteringasportscollegetostudybasketball.IntheeyesofCila,whocomesfromapoorherder’s(牧民的)familyinnorthernTibet,studyinginLhasa,themostdevelopedcityinthisarea,hasmadeitmucheasierforhertorealizeherbasketballdream.Withanaveragealtitudeofover4,500meters.NagquisamongthemostuninhabitableplacesinTibet.Low-oxygenenvironmentsandextremeweatherhavelonginfluencedthehealthofNagqustudents,hamperingthedevelopmentofprimaryeducationinthearea.LikeCigla,manystudentsattheschoolarefrompoorfarmers’andherders’families.DawaDroma,aseniorstudentalsoontheschool’sfemalebasketballteam,recalled,“Ihadnevertouchedabasketballbeforethatgamebutjoinedtheclassteamanyway.WhenIscoredandheardmyclassmatescheerforme,Icouldn’tfeelmoreproud.That’showIfellinlovewithbasketballandwhyIneverlookedback.”Reflectingontheinfluenceofbasketballonherlife,DawaDromasaidthesporthadhelpedhergetfitandbuildupconfidenceovertheyears.“Meetingplayersfromdifferentschoolshascertainlymademeamoreoutgoingperson,”shesaid.4.WhatdoweknowaboutCiglafromthetext?A.Shelovesplayingbasketballbutdislikestraininghard.B.SheisinGradeOneataseniorhighschoolatahighaltitude.C.She’sbeencrazyaboutplayingbasketballsinceshewas12yearsold.D.She’sgotusedtothealtitudebecauseshehaslivedthereforyears.5.InCigla’sopinion,whatcanhelpherrealizeherbasketballdream?A.Herschool’slocation. B.Herclearplans.C.Herfamilybackground. D.Herenteringasportscollege.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hampering”inParagraph4mean?A.promoting. B.maintaining. C.interpreting. D.preventing.7.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.DawaDromabarelyfeelsproudwhenscoring.B.DawaDromahasbeenaffectedbybasketballgreatly.C.PlayingbasketballimprovesDawaDroma’ssenseoftouch.D.PlayersfromdifferentschoolshavebecomeDawaDroma’sfriends【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了在西藏纳木错海拔3650米的高中校园里，来自牧民家庭的两名女生Cigla和DawaDroma通过打篮球实现了自身的成长与梦想，并缓解了当地教育发展不平衡的状况。同时，文章也阐述了高海拔等恶劣环境对当地居民的健康和教育发展带来的影响。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“17-year-oldTibetangirlCiglaisafreshmanatNagquNo.2SeniorHighSchoolinLhasa,whichsit3,650metersabovesealevel.

(17岁的藏族女孩Cigla是拉萨那曲第二高级中学的一名新生，该校位于海拔3650米的地方。)”可知，Cigla是高海拔地区高中一年级的一名学生。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“IntheeyesofCila,whocomesfromapoorherder’s(牧民的)familyinnorthernTibet,studyinginLhasa,themostdevelopedcityinthisarea,hasmadeitmucheasierforhertorealizeherbasketballdream.(Cigla来自西藏北部一个贫穷的牧民家庭。在她看来，在西藏最发达的城市拉萨学习，让她更容易实现自己的篮球梦。)”可知，Cigla认为在西藏最发达的城市拉萨学习，让她更容易实现自己的篮球梦即学校的位置能够帮助她实现自己的篮球梦。故选A。【6题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词前面的内容“NagquisamongthemostuninhabitableplacesinTibet.Low-oxygenenvironmentsandextremeweatherhavelonginfluencedthehealthofNagqustudents(那曲是西藏最不宜居住的地方之一。低氧环境和极端天气长期影响那曲学生的健康)”以及后文的“thedevelopmentofprimaryeducationinthearea(该地区初等教育的发展)”可知，那曲低氧环境和极端天气长期影响那曲学生的健康并且阻碍了当地的教育事业的发展。故划线词与D选项“preventing.(阻碍)”为同义词。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Reflectingontheinfluenceofbasketballonherlife,DawaDromasaidthesporthadhelpedhergetfitandbuildupconfidenceovertheyears.“Meetingplayersfromdifferentschoolshascertainlymademeamoreoutgoingperson,”shesaid.(回想起篮球对她生活的影响，DawaDroma说，多年来，这项运动帮助她保持健康，建立自信。她说：“与来自不同学校的球员见面让我成为了一个更外向的人。)”可知，篮球运动让DawaDroma变得更健康更自信，同时也变得更外向，因此DawaDroma深受篮球运动的影响。故选B。CRecentlyturning25Amazonisundergoinggreatchanges.Onethingissure:Amazonhasbigplansforyou,yourmoneyandyourdata.ThemainsiteandshoppingexperienceareunlikelytochangemuchoverthenextfewyearsunlessthecompanyisforcedtobytheEUorUSauthorities.Instead,Amazonislookingtogetintothephysicalworld.However,therearestillsomethingsthatpeopleprefertotestinpersonratherthanbuyblindonline.Asidefromthemainsite,thefutureofretail(零售)forAmazonlookstobeusingabandoneddepartmentstores.AccordingtoTheWallStreetJournal,Amazonwillmakesomestoresintofulfilmentcentres(仓储中心)whileturningothersintoAmazonDepartmentStore.FooddeliveryisalsoanareathatAmazonisinterestedin,anditcurrentlyownsroughly16percentofthefooddeliverycompanyDeliveroo.Manyofitsstoreswillsoonbeginusingfingerprintscanstopayforgoods.IfanyonecancompetewithsupermarketsTesco,Sainsbury’sandWaitrose,it’sAmazon.ThelargestareaofinvestmentforAmazonisinthefieldofhealth,becauseit’soneofafewindustriesthatofferitthelargeamountsofmoneyneededwhenitcomestogrowth.Soontoofferservicesfromtelemedicinetoinsurancewidely,Amazonhasalreadyofferedsomemedicines.What’smore,fromcamerasoutsideyourhometokeylessentry,Amazonwantstodeliveritspackagesmoresecurelyanddirectly.TheseservicesmeanAmazonwillbeinchargeofmoreofyourhomethaneverbefore.Amazonisthinkingglobally,too,planningtosendseveralsatellitesintospacetosupplyfastandaffordablebroadbandservicestotensofmillionsofpeoplewhodonothavereliableInternet.ThenextfewyearsareimportantforAmazon’scontinuedsuccess.Thecompanyneedsyourmoneyanddatatomakethathappen.Whileitwasahugeforceduringthepandemic,Amazon’snextmovesseetheminnewfieldswheresuccessisimportantbutnotguaranteed.Timewilltellwhetheryou,andothers,trustAmazonwiththeirhealthandevenmoreaccesstotheirhomes.8.WhatdoesAmazonintendtodo,basedonparagraph2?A.Itwillmakebigchangestoitsmainsitelater. B.Itwillfocusonmakinguseofphysicalstores.C.ItwillbecontrolledbytheEUtoagreatextent. D.Itwillcontinuetofocusonthevirtualworld.9.WhyisAmazoninterestedinthehealthindustry?A.Fewenterpriseshavedevelopedinthisfield.B.Thecompanyhasrelatedindustrieswhichcanofferhelp.C.Itofferstheeconomicbenefitsrequiredforenterpriseexpansion.D.Offeringmedicationhasabrightfutureandcanbringinbigmoney.10.HowwillAmazonachieveitsglobalvision?A.ItwillsetupreliableInternetforonlineshopping.B.Itwillofferbroadbandforfreetopeopleinremoteareas.C.Itwillsupporttheaerospaceindustrybylaunchingsatellites.D.Itwillprovidevariousservicesincludingdoortodoordelivery.11.Whatistheauthor’sintentioninthelastparagraph?A.TomakeabriefsummaryofAmazon’splan.B.TosayAmazonneedspeople’strusttosucceed.C.TostatethesocialbackgroundthatAmazonfaces.D.TodescribetheimportantroleAmazonplaysindailylife.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍亚马逊未来的发展方向以及涉及到的领域。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Instead,Amazonislookingtogetintothephysicalworld.However,therearestillsomethingsthatpeopleprefertotestinpersonratherthanbuyblindonline.Asidefromthemainsite,thefutureofretail(零售)forAmazonlookstobeusingabandoneddepartmentstores.AccordingtoTheWallStreetJournal,Amazonwillmakesomestoresintofulfilmentcentres(仓储中心)whileturningothersintoAmazonDepartmentStore.(相反，亚马逊正在寻求进入实体世界。然而，仍有一些东西，人们更喜欢亲自测试，而不是在网上盲目购买。除了主站，亚马逊未来的零售业务似乎是利用废弃的百货商店。据《华尔街日报》报道，亚马逊将把一些商店变成配送中心，而把其他商店变成亚马逊百货商店)”可知，亚马逊打算将专注于利用实体店。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“ThelargestareaofinvestmentforAmazonisinthefieldofhealth,becauseit’soneofafewindustriesthatofferitthelargeamountsofmoneyneededwhenitcomestogrowth.(亚马逊最大的投资领域是健康领域，因为它是为数不多的几个能够为其提供大量增长所需资金的行业之一)”可知，亚马逊对健康产业感兴趣是因为提供企业扩张所需的经济效益。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Amazonisthinkingglobally,too,planningtosendseveralsatellitesintospacetosupplyfastandaffordablebroadbandservicestotensofmillionsofpeoplewhodonothavereliableInternet.(亚马逊也在放眼全球，计划向太空发射几颗卫星，为数千万没有可靠互联网的人提供快速、负担得起的宽带服务)”可知，亚马逊将为网上购物建立可靠的网络，来实现其全球愿景。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“ThenextfewyearsareimportantforAmazon’scontinuedsuccess.Thecompanyneedsyourmoneyanddatatomakethathappen.Whileitwasahugeforceduringthepandemic,Amazon’snextmovesseetheminnewfieldswheresuccessisimportantbutnotguaranteed.Timewilltellwhetheryou,andothers,trustAmazonwiththeirhealthandevenmoreaccesstotheirhomes.(未来几年对亚马逊的持续成功至关重要。公司需要你的钱和数据来实现这一目标。虽然它在疫情期间是一股巨大的力量，但亚马逊的下一步行动将使他们进入新的领域，这些领域的成功很重要，但不能保证成功。时间会告诉我们，你和其他人是否信任亚马逊，将他们的健康交给亚马逊，甚至让亚马逊为他们提供更多的家居服务)”可推知，作者在最后一段的意图是说明亚马逊需要人们的信任才能成功。故选B。DThespecificculturalvaluesofacountrymaydeterminewhetherconcernaboutenvironmentalissuesactuallyleadsindividualstoengageinenvironmentallyfriendlybehaviors,accordingtoresearchpublishedinPsychologicalScience.KiminEom,apsychologicalscientistoftheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara,wasinspiredtoinvestigatethelinksbetweenculture,environmentalconcern,andenvironmentalactionafternoticingthatbothpublicdiscussionandacademicresearchonenvironmentalbehaviortypicallyfocusonpeoplefromWesterncountries.ItisworthnoticingbecauseWesterncountriestendtohaveculturalvaluesthatprioritizeindividuals’ownattitudesandbeliefsandencourageexpressionofthem.“Thetheoryseemedtobethatonceindividualsareledtobelieveintheurgencyofenvironmentalissuesandhavestrongerconcernsaboutsustainability(持续性),theywillchangeandacttoaddresstheissues,”explainsEom.Butthisrelationshipmightnotholdforindividualslivinginmorecollectivistic(集体主义的)societies,whichplacemoreemphasisonsocialharmonyanduniformitythanonself-expression,Eomandhisteamassumed.Toexaminewhatdrivesenvironmentalactioninindividualisticandcollectivisticcultures,theresearchersconductedastudywithparticipantsfromtheUnitedStates(anindividualisticculture)andJapan(acollectivisticculture).Theyfoundenvironmentalconcernwascloselyconnectedwithenvironmentalbehavior—inthiscase,choosingenvironmentallyfriendlyproducts—butonlyamongAmericanparticipants.Ontheotherhand,believingthatalargepercentageofpeopleengageinenvironmentallyfriendlybehaviorswasassociatedwithmakingeco-friendlychoicesamongJapaneseparticipants,butnotAmericanparticipants.Thefindingssuggestthatpersonalconcernsaremorelikelytomotivatepeopletotakeenvironmentalactioniftheyliveinindividualisticcountries,whilesocialnorms(准则)aremorelikelytodrivepeopletoengageinenvironmentallyfriendlybehavioriftheyliveincollectivisticcountries.“Gettingcitizensactivelyengagediscriticaltoaddressingurgentsocialchallenges,suchasclimatechange,”saysEom.“Ourresearchsuggeststhatscientists,policymakers,andactivistsneedtounderstandhowcultureshapesthepsychologicalfactorsofactiontodeveloppolicies,campaigns,andinterventions(干预)thataddressimportantsocialissues.”12.WhatdoesEomfindaboutpreviousresearchonenvironmentalbehavior?A.Itsstudyparticipantsaretoolimited.B.Itsresultsneedawhiletobeachieved.C.Itprioritizesindividuals’attitudesandbeliefs.D.Itdrawsmuchevidencefrompublicdiscussion.13.UnderwhichconditionwillaJapanesemanmostlikelytakeenvironmentalaction?A.Ifheseesmanyothersdoso.B.Ifheisaffectedbycollectivisticvalues.C.Ifhemovestoanindividualisticcountry.D.Ifheworriesabouttheenvironmentpersonally.14.WhatdoesEomsayabouttheirresearchinthelastparagraph?A.Itfailstotakeparticipants’psychologicalfactorsintoaccount.B.Itencouragesscientistsandpolicymakerstomakejointefforts.C.Ithasafurtherstudydirectiontowardsurgentsocialchallenges.D.Itprovidesinsightsintopromotingpublicengagementinsocialissues.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.SocialNormsPlayaPartinAddressingPollutionB.EnvironmentalIssuesOriginatefromNationalCulturesC.MotivatingEco-FriendlyBehaviorsDependsonCulturalValuesD.MoreEnvironmentalConcernsUsuallyMeanMoreGreenAction【答案】12.A13.A14.D15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表示，一个国家的特定文化价值观可能决定人们对环境问题的关注是否会促使个人做出环保行为。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“KiminEom,apsychologicalscientistoftheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara,wasinspiredtoinvestigatethelinksbetweenculture,environmentalconcern,andenvironmentalactionafternoticingthatbothpublicdiscussionandacademicresearchonenvironmentalbehaviortypicallyfocusonpeoplefromWesterncountries.(加州大学圣芭芭拉分校的心理科学家KiminEom注意到，关于环境行为的公众讨论和学术研究通常都集中在西方国家的人身上，因此受到启发，开始调查文化、环境关注和环境行动之间的联系。)”可知，KiminEom注意到之前关于环境行为的公众讨论和学术研究通常都集中在西方国家的人身上，由此可推测出，这些研究的对象具有局限性。故选A。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Ontheotherhand,believingthatalargepercentageofpeopleengageinenvironmentallyfriendlybehaviorswasassociatedwithmakingeco-friendlychoicesamongJapaneseparticipants,butnotAmericanparticipants.(另一方面，在日本参与者中，相信很大一部分人进行环保行为与做出环保选择有关，但在美国参与者中则不然。)”可知，在日本参与者当中，当他们相信有很大一部分人做出了环保行为，他们也会做出环保选择。由此可推测出，当一个日本人看到许多其他人采取环保行动，那么他也会这么做。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Ourresearchsuggeststhatscientists,policymakers,andactivistsneedtounderstandhowcultureshapesthepsychologicalfactorsofactiontodeveloppolicies,campaigns,andinterventions(干预)thataddressimportantsocialissues.(我们的研究表明，科学家、政策制定者和活动家需要了解文化如何塑造行动的心理因素，以制定解决重要社会问题的政策、运动和干预措施。)”可推测出，该研究为促进公众参与解决社会问题提供了见解。故选D。【15题详解】标题归纳题。通读全文可知，第一段“Thespecificculturalvaluesofacountrymaydeterminewhetherconcernaboutenvironmentalissuesactuallyleadsindividualstoengageinenvironmentallyfriendlybehaviors,accordingtoresearchpublishedinPsychologicalScience.(根据发表在《心理科学》上的研究，一个国家的特定文化价值观可能决定对环境问题的关注是否真的会导致个人进行环保行为。)”引出主题，即一个国家的特定文化价值观可能决定人们对环境问题的关注是否真的会促使个人做出环保行动，所以C项“激励生态友好行为取决于文化价值观”最适合作本文标题。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Activelisteningisacommunicationskillthatinvolvesgoingbeyondsimplyhearingthewordsthatanotherpersonspeaksbutalsoseekingtounderstandthemeaningandintentionbehindthem.Theword“active”impliesthatyouaretakingsometypeofactionwhenlisteningtoothers.____16____BefullypresentActivelisteningrequiresbeingfullypresentintheconversation.Itenablesyoutoconcentrateonwhatisbeingsaid.Beingpresentinvolveslisteningwithallyoursensesandgivingyourfullattentiontothespeaker.Tousethisactivelisteningtechniqueeffectively,putawayyourcellphone,ignoredistractions,andshutdownyourinternaldialogue.____17____Andleteverythingelseslipaway.Payattentiontonon-verbalcues(非言语暗示)Asmuchas65%ofaperson’scommunicationisunspoken,____18____.Thisinvolvesnotfoldingyourarms,smilingwhilelistening,leaningin,andnoddingatkeypoints.Itcanalsobehelpfultopayattentiontoyourfacialexpressionswhenactivelisteningsothatyoudon’tconveyanytypeofnegativeresponse.KeepgoodeyecontactWhenengagedinactivelistening,makingeyecontactisespeciallyimportant.Thistellstheotherpersonthatyouarepresentandlisteningtowhatheorshesays.____19____Atthesametime,youdon’twanttousesomucheyecontactthattheconversationfeelsstrange.Tokeepthisfromhappening,followthe50/70rule.Thisinvolvesmaintainingeyecontactfor50%to70%ofthetimespentlistening,holdingthecontactforfourtofivesecondsbeforebrieflylookingaway.BepatientPatienceisanimportantactivelisteningtechniquebecauseitallowstheotherpersontospeakwithoutinterruption.Beingpatientinvolvesnottryingtofillperiodsofsilencewithyourownthoughtsorstories.Thisalsorequireslisteningtounderstand,nottorespond.____20____Also,don’tchangethesubjecttooabruptlyasthisconveysboredomandimpatience.A.Don’tprepareareplywhilelistening.B.Italsoshowsthatyouaren’tdistracted.C.Thisisn’thelpfulduringactivelistening.D.Souseopen,non-threateningbodylanguage.E.Don’tfocustoomuchoninsignificantdetails.F.Placeyourfocusonyourconversationpartner.G.Thisinvolvesusingcertainstrategiesortechniques.【答案】16.G17.F18.D19.B20.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是积极倾听，以及做到积极倾听的方法。【16题详解】上文“Theword“active”impliesthatyouaretakingsometypeofactionwhenlisteningtoothers.(“积极”这个词意味着你在倾听别人的时候正在采取某种行动)”提到了积极倾听，选项G中this是关键词，与上文构成顺承关系，所以G选项“这涉及到使用某些策略或技巧。”能承接上文，且能总领下文小标题中提到的技巧。故选G项。【17题详解】上文“Tousethisactivelisteningtechniqueeffectively,putawayyourcellphone,ignoredistractions,andshutdownyourinternaldialogue.(为了有效地使用这种积极倾听技巧，把你的手机收起来，忽略干扰，关闭你内心的对话)”提到了如何避免分散注意力，选项F中focus是关键词，与上文构成顺承关系，所以F选项“把你的注意力放在你的谈话对象身上。”符合语境。故选F项。【18题详解】上文“Asmuchas65%ofaperson’scommunicationisunspoken.(一个人多达65%的交流是无声的)”提到了无声的交流，选项D中bodylanguage是关键词，与上文的unspoken呼应，所以D选项“所以使用开放的，没有威胁的肢体语言。”承接上文，符合语境。故选D项。【19题详解】上文“Whenengagedinactivelistening,makingeyecontactisespeciallyimportant.

Thistellstheotherpersonthatyouarepresentandlisteningtowhatheorshesays.(在积极倾听时，眼神交流尤为重要。这告诉对方你在听他或她说什么)”提到了眼神交流的作用，B选项“这也表明你没有分心。”进一步说明了眼神交流的作用，和上文构成递进关系。故选B项。【20题详解】上文“Thisalsorequireslisteningtounderstand,nottorespond.(这也需要倾听去理解，而不是回应)”提到了倾听时不要回应，A选项“不要在听的时候准备回答。”承接上文，与本段小标题呼应。故选A项。第三部分语言运用（共三节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）I’llalwaysrememberalessonthatIlearnedasaboygrowingupinNewYorkCity.Oneday,whenIwasperhapssixyearsold,Iwaswalkingwithmyfatherona____21____street.Allofasudden,theflowofpedestriantrafficcametoastopaspeopletriedto____22____alargeobjectonthesidewalk.Tomyastonishment,theobject____23____tobeahumanbeing,amanlyingunconsciousagainstabuilding.Aswewalkedby,myfather—themodelofaloving,____24____gentleman—pointedtoabottleinapaperbagandtoldmethatthepoorsoulonthesidewalkjustneededtosleepitoff.Thenthedrunkenmanbegantomurmursenselessly.Myfather____25____menottogonear,saying“youneverknowhowhe’llreact.”YetmanyyearslaterIhadaverydifferentexperiencewhilevisitingamarketinRangoon.Ihadspenttheprevious12monthstravelingin____26____Asiancities,butevenbythosestandardsthiswasasceneofmisery(穷困).____27____desperatepovertyandstrongwindsblowingdust____28____,thelocalshadtoliveintheextremelyhotclimatewithridiculouslyhugecrowds.____29____amancarryingahugebagofpeanutscalledoutinpainand____30____totheground.Ithenwitnessedanastonishingscene.Halfadozen____31____ranfromtheirstandstohelp,leavingunattendedwhatmighthavebeenthetotalityoftheirpossessions.Oneputablanketundertheman’shead;anotheropenedhisshirt;thethirdone____32____himcarefullyaboutthepain;thefourthone____33____water;thefifthonekeptonlookersfromcrowdingaroundtooclosely;thesixthoneranforhelp.Withinminutesadoctorarrivedandtwootherlocalsjoinedintoassist.The____34____couldhavepassedforafinalexamatanursingschool.Icouldn’thelpwondering,whypeopleact____35____atthesimilarsituationhere?21.A.silent B.crowded C.new D.remote22.A.avoid B.identify C.observe D.approach23.A.brokeout B.stoodup C.turnedout D.grewup24.A.strong B.caring C.honest D.indifferent25.A.forced B.persuaded C.warned D.allowed26.A.poor B.wealthy C.fashionable D.dangerous27.A.Insteadof B.Inspiteof C.Incaseof D.Inadditionto28A.everywhere B.nowhere C.somewhere D.anywhere29.A.Gradually B.Absolutely C.Immediately D.Suddenly30.A.fell B.jumped C.rolled D.marched31.A.beggars B.judges C.sellers D.customers32.A.doubted B.named C.explained D.questioned33.A.drank B.saved C.removed D.fetched34.A.doctor B.onlookers C.performance D.discovery35.A.confidently B.differently C.independently D.cautiously【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.B25.C26.A27.D28.A29.D30.A31.C32.D33.D34.C35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者小时候跟随父亲上街，看到路边有一名醉酒的路人，然而没有施以援手；若干年后作者在亚洲旅行，却发现人们互帮互助，由此引发了作者对人生的思考。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大概六岁的时候，有一天，我和父亲走在一条拥挤的街上。A.silent安静的；B.crowded拥挤的；C.new新的；D.remote遥远的。根据下文“theflowofpedestriantraffic”可知，路上车水马龙，人来人往，这是一条拥挤的大街，故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，人流停了下来，人们试图避开人行道上的一个大型物体。A.avoid避开；B.identify确认；C.observe观察；D.approach接近。根据下文“amanlyingunconsciousagainstabuilding”以及“ Myfather___5__

menottogonear,”可知，此处表示人们都在避开他，故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：令我大吃一惊的是，那个物体竟然是一个人，一个不省人事地靠着一栋建筑物躺着的人。A.brokeout