2020北京城区高三英语一模七选五汇总精校版

2020西城一模FashionandIdentityForhundredsofyearspeoplehaveputsomemessageinthetypeofclothingtheywore.Longagopeoplestartedwantingtostandoutfromthe“crowd"andbedifferentfromotherpeoplebymeansofchangingtheirclothing.Someexamplesofthese“standingput"becameverypopularandwerefollowedbymorepeople.46Nowadays,fashionhasbecomeanecessarypartofone'sselealizationandclothingisbasicallyacoveringdesignedtobewornonaperson'Thiscoveringisa“necessity”,whichbringsarietyontothelivesofpeopleandmakestheirimagemorecomplete.Thetypeofclothingcompletelydependsonthepersonwearingitandbecomesareflectionofpersonalidentity.Lately,alotisbeingheardaboutitsmeaninginthelifeofeverysinglepersonontheplanet.Thechoiceofclothingisasimportantasidentificationthroughthecolorofhair,skinandgender.Aseverypieceofclothingcarriesastrongmessageaboutitsowner,everyowner“nests"acertainvalueinitdependingonhismindsetortoday'smood.Therefore,theclothingpersonisameansofcommunicationwiththeoutsideworld.47Clotheshaveasignificantimpactontheunderstandingofthepeoplenearbyaswellasthepersonwearingthem.Forinstance,asuitcanmakeapersonfeelmoreconfidentandorganized,whichwouldeventuallychangeeventhegesturesoftheperson.48Sometimes,fashionmayplayavitalroleinaperson'slife,especiallywhenthepersonisapplyingforthejobhewants.Fashionalsocreatesamessagethatisrequiredbyasituationthepersonfindshimselfin.Thiscanbesimplyprovedbyanalyzingone'sreactiononpeoplewearingdifferenttypesofclothing.49Thus,eventhesmallestcompaniesmakewearingasuitoneoftherequirementsfortheiremployees.50Fashion,withallitssymbolismandfeatures,formanoutstandingbaseforpersonalandculturalidentification.Itisapartoftheself-realizationthatisrequiredforfindingaplaceinlifeandhasbecomeatoolforachievingharmonywiththeinnerworld.Themorediversethesocietyaroundus,themorefashion-trendwillappearandsurpriseus.Fashionhelpsusrealizeourdreams.Thiswasthemomentwhenfashionappeared.Fashionandidentityareinseparablecompanions.Clothingwasdesignedtoservepeopleintheirdailylife.Thepreferenceisalwaysgiventopeopledressedin“businessstyle”.Itisthewayoftellingpeopleaboutthe“state"andthe“status"ofitsowner.Wearingjeansafterasuitmaychangetheconductofapersontoaverycasualone2020延庆一模Wheredoyouthinktheworld'happiestpeoplelive?Somewherehotwithsandybeaches?Acountrywithatraditionofthefinefoodandculture?NotaccordingtoarecentstudybytheuniversityofLeicester.WhoarethehappiestpeopleonEarth?46Surprised?Wellyou'lbemoresurprisedwhenyouhearthattheDanespaysomeofthehighesttaxesintheworld.Sowhatisthesecretoftheirsuccess?Let'sstartwithallthattaxtheypay.TheDanishgovernmentprovidesitspeoplewithoneofthefinesteducationandhealthsystemsintheworld.Itspendsmoreonchildrenandelderlypeoplepercapital（人均）thanothercountry..47Becauseashopassistantfihassalaryisnotthatmuchlessthansomeonewhoworksinabank,forexample,Danesdon'tchoosetheircareersbasedonmoneyorstatusaspeopleinothercountriesdo.Theychoosethejobtheywanttodo.There'saphilosophyinDenmarkknownas“Jan-lov”,whichtranslatesas"you'renobetterthananybodyelseButworkers'inothercountriesarenotusedtolookingatlifeinthisway.Moneydoesn'tseemasimportantinDenmark.Ithasbeencalleda“postconsumerist”49Whatismoreimportantisthesenseofsocietyandit'snosurprisethatDanesareveryusedsocializing.92%ofDanesbelongtosomekindofsocialclubandtheseclubsareevenpaidforbythegovernment.50Theyalsoshowanamazingamountoftrustineachotherandtheirgovernment.Youcanseesighsofthisalloverthecountry.You'llfindvegetablestallswithnoassistant.Youtakewhatyouwantandleavethemoneyinabasket.perhapsthebikeisagoodsymbolforDenmark.TheDanescanaffordcarsbuttheychoosebikes-simple,econpaNkrtjihgnmachinesthatshownostatusandhelpkeeppeoplefit.Inalistrankingcountriesbythehappinessoftheircitizens,itputtropicalFiji50placesbelowfreezingIceland.Thestreetsweepercanholdhisheaduphighasheproudlydoeshisjob.Danishpeoplearen'tassuspiciousasmanyothernations.MostDanesareusedtoseeingbetween50-70%oftheirsalarygoingtothegovernment!Those5.5millionpeoplewhocallDenmarktheirhome.Peoplehavenicethingsintheirhouses,butthey'renotmadaboutshoppingandspending.Andthere'sanotheradvantagetothosehightaxes.2020门头沟一模HowtoAutomateNewHabitsSoThatYou'llKeeptoThemAnyonewho'striedtoaddsomethingnewtotheirroutineknowsonething:Buildingnewhabitsisn'teasy.46Thegoodnews:Thereasolution,andit'calledautomation.47Forexample:Ifyouwanttosavemorebutitseemsdifficulttoachieve,trytransferringfivedollarstoyoursavingsaccounteachtimeyoubuylunchduringtheweek.Ifyouwanttodomoresportsbutaren'tmotivatedtogototlgymeveryday,trydoing5pushupsaftereachtimeyouusetherestroom.Thatsoundseasy.48"Automationworkswellindevelopingnewbehaviorpatternsbecauseitinvolvestheuseofpositivereinforcement(强化),whichisoneofthemostpowerfultoolsforbehaviorchange,“KahinaLouis,apsychologist,tellsShine.“Asyou'rengagingingradualstepstowardyourgoals,youmayquicklystarttoexperiencefeelingsofaccomplishmentandpridethatyou'remakingthechangesyouwantedtomake,"s“Thosepositivefeelingsareformsofreinforcement,andyouaremorelikelytocontinuedoingthingsthatreinforceyou.”Alongwithitspositivereinforcement,automationemphasizestheimpactofsmallchangesinmakingabigdifference.Thoughwealllovethemajorsuccesses,thesmallchangesalongthewayarewhatgetusthereinthefirststep.49"Asyoushowyourselfeachsmallchangeyou'vemadgivingyourselfthemessagethatyouarecapableofaccomplishment,"Louissays."Thatfeelirself-beliefareextremelyhelpfultohaveasyoucontinuetowardcreatingnewbehaviorchange.50Takealookatwhatthingsyoukeepdoingthroughoutthedayorcourseoftheweektodecidewhentoaddnewautomation.Louissays,“Foiexample:Ifyouknowthatyou'ralwaysextremelytiredafterwork,thenyoumightconsiderpickinganautohabitthatoccursinyourmorningroutineratherthanintheevening.”Louisalsoexplainsthatalthoughyoushouldpickabehaviorthatoccursfrequentlyenoughtomaximizetheopportunitiestobuildtowardsyourgoal,trynottochooseanalreadyexistingbehaviorthatoccurstoooften—likecheckingyourphoneordrinkingofwater."Youmightnotevenrealizeyou'redoingit,andmaythenmissalotofchancestoperformthenewhabit,"shesays.Findyourautohabits.Ittakestimeandinsistence.Butitturnsouttobeefficientwhiletrying.Considerautohabitsthatoccurattimesorplaces.It'sthesmallstepsthatfuelyourmotivationandsbflief.Itiswhenyouaddwhatyou'dliketobeyournewhabitontoanexistinghabit.Buildinganewhabitrequiresstrongmindtohelptheprocessgoalongsmoothly.2020密云一模MysteryofEvolutionFollowingtheoutbreakofthenovelcoronaviruspneumonia(NCP),alsonamedCOVID-19byWHO,thereisageneralfearoftheunknownvirusasitsfulleffectsremaintobeseen.Fever,coughing,sorethroat,difficultybreathing-theNCP'ssymptomsaresimilartothecommoncoldortheflu.butit'spotentiallymoredangerous.Virusescouldbedeadly,likeHIVandEbola（埃博拉）.Butwhatareviruses?Howcantheycausesomuchtrouble?Virusesarenon-livingorganisms（有机体）approximatelyone-millionthofaninchlong.Unlikehumancellsorbacteria,theycan'treproduceontheirown.46Virusescaninfecteverylivingthing-fromplantsandanimalsdowntothesmallestbacteria.Forthisreason,theyalwayshavethepotentialtobedangeroustohumanlife.Sometimesaviruscancauseadiseasesoseriousthatitisfatal.Otherviralinfectionscausenonoticeablereaction.Virusesliearoundourenvironmentallofthetime,waitingforahostcelltocomealong.Theycaneaterourbodiesbythenose,mouth,eyesorbreaksintheskin.47Forexample,HIV,whichcausesAIDS.attackstheT-cellsoftheimmunesystem.Butthebasicquestionis,wheredidvirusesfirstcomefrom?48"Tracingtheoriginsofvirusesisdifficult."EdRybicki,avirologistattheUniversityofCapeTowninSouthAfrica,toldScientificAmerican,"becausevirusesdon'tleavefossils（化石）andbecauseofthetrickstheyusetomakecopiesofthemselveswithinthecellsthey'veinvaded."49First,virusesstartedasindependentorganisms,thenbecameparasites倚生者）.Second.virusesevolvedfrompiecesofDNAorRNAthat"escaped"fromlargerorganisms.Third,virusesco-evolvedwiththeirhostcells,whichmeanstheyexistedalongsidethesecells.Forthetimebeing,theseareonlytheories.Thetechnologyandevidencewehavetodaycannotbeusedtotestthesetheoriesandidentifythemostplausibleexplanation.50Orfuturestudiesmayrevealthattheanswerisevenmurkier（含糊不清的）thanitnowappears.Onceinside,theytrytofindahostcelltoinfect.Untilnow,noclearexplanationfortheiroriginexists.Continuingstudiesmayprovideuswithcleareranswers.There'sprettystrongevidencethatthisisabatorigincoronavirus.However,therearethreemainhypotheses（假说）toexplaintheoriginofviruses.Instead,theyinvadethecellsoflivingorganismstoreproduce,spreadandtakeover.Batisaflyingmammalwithalonglifespan,whosetemperatureishigh,similartoafever.2020平谷一模TheWorldWaterDayhasbeencelebratedannuallyon22Marchsince1992.Eachyearhasadifferenttheme,lookingatthingsliketheroleofcleanwaterintheworldofwork,waystostopwastingwater,findingwaystosupplywatertounderprivilegedgroupsandsoon.46Butitisalsovitalforsanitation（卫生）.Itisestimatedthatmorethan700childrenundertheageofsevendieeverydayfromillnesseslinkedtounsafewaterandpoorsanitation.Therighttowaterandsanitationwasrecognizedasahumanright.47Theseincluderuralcommunities,peoplewhohavebeendisplacedduetowarandlocalconflictsandareaswhereclimatechangeismakingwatermoreandmorescarcer.Apartfromtheobvioushealthissues,alackofaccessiblecleanwatermeansthatpeoplewomenandchildren-spendhourseverydaywalkingtoandfromdistantwatersupplies.Thismeanstheydon'thavetimetodedicatetowork,studiesandotherdomesticduties.48Andpeoplewhoarenotabletowalktogettheirownwaterareparticularlyvulnerable.Therearemanycharitiesworkingoncreatingsustainablesuppliesofcleanwaterfordifferentcommunitiesaroundtheworld.49Butthefundamentalproblemofincreasingdemandforalimitedresourcecanonlybeaddressedbymoreefficientuseofwater,especiallyinindustryandagriculture.Waste-waterrecycling,capturingrainwater,moreefficientirrigationtechniquesandreforestationareallexamplesofhowwatercanbeusedmoreefficiently.50Weshouldsupportcharities,raiseawareness,takepartintheWorldWaterDayeventsthatarehappeningallaroundtheworldand,ofcourse,becarefulwithhowweusewaterinourownlives.VisittheUNWorldWaterDaywebsitetofindoutaboutaneventnearus.Followworldwaterdayonsocialmediaandhelpspreadthewordaboutthisincrediblyimportantissue.Cleandrinkingwaterisfundamental.Asindividuals,whatcanwedotohelptheissue?Thesearchforwaterbecomestheirmainoccupation.Thisimportantworkneedstocontinueandtoexpand.Everylivingcellinthebodyneedswatertokeepfunctioning.Innormalconditions,thehumanbodycanonlysurvivethreeorfourdayswithoutwater.However,therearestillatleast2.1billionpeoplearoundtheworldlivingwithoutsafewater.2020石景山一模HowSmartphoneAddstoYourWeightUsingasmartphoneatmealtimescanleadtoanexpandingwaistline.Researchershavefoundthatmenandwomenconsumed15%morecalorieswhenlookingattheirphoneswhileeating.46Thegroundbreakingstudysuggeststhatstaringataphonescreenmaydistract（分心）dinnersfromhowmuchfoodandwhattheyareactuallyeating.“Itmaypreventthecorrectunderstandingofthebrainovertheamountoffoodingested,saidresearcherswhofilmed62volunteerseatingalone.Thevolunteers,aged18to28,weredividedintothreegroupsandinvitedtohelpthemselvestoachoiceoffood-rangingfromhealthyoptionstosoftdrinksandchocolate——untiltheyweresatisfied.47Onaverage,thevolunteersate535calorieswithoutthedistractionofasmartphonebut591whenusingamobile.Thoseinthesamplewhowereclassedasoverweightate616calorieswhileusingtheirphones.Wheninpossessionoftheirmobiles,thevolunteersalsoconsumed10percentmorefattyfoods.48“Smartphoneuseduringamealincreasedcalorieandfatintake,saidMarcioGilbertoZangeronimoa,aleadauthorofthestudy—carriedoutattheFederalUniversityofLavrasinBrazilandUniversityMedicalCenterUtrechtintheNetherlands.Headded:"Tabletsandsmartphoneshavebecomethemain'distracters'duringmeals,evenearlyinchildhoo49Adistracterpreventsthebraincorrectlyunderstandingtheamountoffoodaccepted.”50Amoredetailedanalysiscanbefoundinthejournal.Theyalsoeatmorefattyfood.Theyalsoatemorewhenreadingamagazine.Distractedorhurriedeatingcanaddtoweightgain.ThestudyispublishedinPhysiologyAndBehavior.Itisimportanttopayattentiontohowthismayimpactfoodintakes.Hungerisn'ttheonlythingthatinfluenceshowmuchweeatduringtheday.Theywererecordedeatingwithnodistractions,usingasmartphoneorreadingamagazine.2020高三适应性考试Aninterviewisadiscussionwithsomeoneinwhichyoutrytogetinformationfromthem.46Therearethreebasicsub-typesofinterview:structuredinterviews,unstructuredinterviewsandsemi-structuredinterviews.47Incidentally,“respondentandainformantarewordsthataresometimesusedinsteadofainterviewee".Agreatdealisprovidedbythispersonalcontact:youareanotherhumanbeing,andintervieweeswillrespondtoyou,inbodilypresence,inanentirelydifferentwayfromthewaythatthe