专题17 必修3 Unit 5-2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测（练）（含答案解析）

2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测第17讲必修3Unit5——练.单词拼写（根据汉语提示，写出该单词的正确形式）Eachstudentmusttakea（测验）attheendofeachday.Whenthegovernmentcametopower,hewasnamed（部长）ofculture.ThismorningIwenttoarestaurantfamousforitsbrunch（自助餐）.Hetraveledaloneacrossthewhole（洲）ofAfricafromeasttowest.Checkyour（行李）inatthedesk.enjoya（闲聊）withahumorousfriend.Chancesfavor（多文化的）childrengrowingupinamulticulturalsociety.Smokewent（向上）fromthevalley.This（措施）issuitedtosomeplaces,butnottoothers.A（海港）isanareaoftheseaatthecoastwhichispartlyenclosedbylandorstrongwalls,sothatboatscanbelefttheresafely."All"（在上）isusedtotellpassengersofaship,bus,ortrainthattheymustgetonbecauseitwillleavesoon.Weshouldhavethetestresultsback（在之内）24hours.Tocrossthe（边界）,youwillneedavalidpassport.（城市的）meansbelongingto,orrelatingto,acityortown.Theenvironmentisapopular（话题）thesedays.Thegrassandtreeswerewhitewith（霜冻）.A（校友）isachildwhogoestothesameschoolasyou,especiallyonewhoisyourfriend.Danfoundworkononeofthefarms（在附近）.（市区）placesareinortowardthecentreofalargetownorcity,wherethestoresandplacesofbusinessare.（拂晓）referstothetimeatthebeginningofthedaywhenlightfirstappears.【答案】1.quiz2.minister3.buffet4.continent5.baggage/luggage6.chat7.multicultural8.upward9.measure10.harbo（u）r11.aboard12.within13.border14.Urban15.topic16.frost17.schoolmate18.nearby19.Downtown20.DawnThesecolderclimatesstronglyaffecttheecosystemsofmountains.Thusthecontinentalcrustisnormallymuchthickerundermountains.Thereforemountainrangestendtodividethepeopleoneithersideofthem.TheywereformedwhenaplatecarryingIndiastruckagainsttheAsianplate.【答案】1.A2.C3.G4.F5.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于山的一些知识，包括它的地貌、形成原因和作用等。根据上文“Mountainsarerarelyfoundalone.（山很少是单独存在的）"以及后文"Linesofrangesformmountainbelts.（连绵的山脉形成了山地带厂可知，上文提到山很少单独存在，说明山都是成群存在的，形成山脉，后文中ranges与A选项中ranges相对应。故A选项“山脉群被称为山脉”符合语境，故选A。根据上文“Somemountainswereformedbytheactivityofvolcanoes.Scientistsbelievethatmostvolcanicmountainsaremadeupofrockthatmelteddeepwithinearth.TherockrosethroughEarth'ssurface,orcrust.Itthenflowedontothesurfaceintheformoflava.（有些山是由火山活动形成的。科学家们认为，大多数的火山是由地球深处融化的岩石组成的。岩石穿过地球表面或地壳。然后它以熔岩的形式流到表面广以及后文"Volcanicmountainsaretypicallysteep.MountFujiinJapan,MountKilimanjaroinAfrica,andMountRainierintheUnitedStatesareexamplesofvolcanicmountains.（火山型山通常是陡峭的。日本的富士山、非洲的乞力马扎罗山和美国的雷尼尔山都是火山的例子）”可知，本段主要介绍的是山通过火山活动形成，本句应承接上文继续说明熔岩如何堆积成山的，上文中lava与C选项中Thelava相对应。故C选项“熔岩和火山灰一起堆积成山”符合语境，故选C。根据上文“0thermountainswerefbnnedbymovementswithinEarth'scrust.Thetheorycalledplatetectonicsexplainsthistypeofmountainbuilding.Earth'scrustisdividedintohugepiecescalledplates,whichmoveveryslowly.Thecontinentssitontopoftheplatesandmovewiththem.Attimestheplatesstrikeagainsteachother,forcingtherockupward.TheHimalayasofAsiaareanexampleofthistypeofmountainchain.（其他的ill脉是由地壳内部的运动形成的。板块构造理论解释了这种造山运动。地壳被分成巨大的板块，板块移动非常缓慢。大陆位于这些板块的顶部并随之移动。有时板块相互碰撞，迫使岩石向上。亚洲的喜马拉雅山就是这种山脉的一个例子户可知，本段说明的是由板块运动形成的山，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文进一步说明喜马拉雅山是如何通过板块运动形成的。G项中的They指代上文TheHimalayasofAsiao故G选项“它们是印度板块撞击亚洲板块时形成的”符合语境，故选G。根据上文“Mountainrangesarenaturalbarrierstotravel.Roadsaredifficulttobuildacrossthem.Railroadsneedexpensivetunnelstocrossevenlowmountains.（山脉是旅行的天然障碍。很难在它们上面修路。铁路甚至需要穿越低山修建昂贵的隧道）”以及后文“Theyoftenformbordersbetweencountries.（它们经常形成国家之间的边界）“可知，上文提到山脉是障碍，后文提到山脉是国家之间的边界，可知山脉可以用来区分地界，把两边的人们分开。故F选项“因此，山脉倾向于把人们分为两边”符合语境，故选F。根据上文“Lifbishardinmountainlands.Thehighplacesoftheworldarecoldandhavelittlesoil,makingfarmingdifficult4山区的生活很艰苦。世界上地势较高的地方气候寒冷，土壤稀少，这使得农业生产困难广以及后文“Skiingandclimbingarepopularmountainsports.（滑雪和爬山是很受欢迎的高山运动）”可知，本句与上文形成转折，说明山区虽然使农业生产困难，但有的地方也有很受欢迎的高山运动，可以供人们度假。故B选项“然而，许多山区是度假胜地”符合语境，故选B。X.书面表达（2021•天津高考真题）假设你是晨光中学的李津。我市为外国友人提供生活信息的某英文网站新增了《最美中华》栏目，请你给该栏目投稿，介绍一个国内你喜欢或去过的地方。内容包括：⑴该地方的基本情况（如名称、地理位置等）；（2）该地方的特色（如文化、景点等）；⑶你对该地方的印象和感受。注意：（1）词数不少于100；⑵可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。ABeautifulPlaceinChinaMarch19,2021ByLiJin【答案】ABeautifulPlaceinChinaMarch19,2021ByLiJinSichuanProvinceislocatedinsouthwesternpartofChina.Itenjoysmanyworld-famousplacesofinterest,suchasJiuzhaigouandDujiangyanIrrigationproject.JiuzhaigouNationalParkisanaturereserveinthenorthofSichuanProvince.Whatisthemostimpressiveisitsmanymulti-levelwaterfallsandcolorfullakes.Whafsmore,walkinginthenaturereserve,youhaveachancetoseerareanimalslikegiantpandas,goldenmonkeys.Therearealsomanyspeciesofrareplantsprotectedhere.AnotherfamousscenicspotisDujiangyanIrrigationProject.Itdatesfromover2,000yearsago.However,itisstillplayinganimportantpartinirrigationtoday.I'msurethevisitorswillbeamazedbythebeautifulsceneryinJiazhaigouaswellastheconstructionDujiangyanIrrigationProject.【解析】本篇书面表达属于说明文，要求给英文网站《最美中华》栏目投稿，介绍介绍一个国内你喜欢或去过的地方。第一步：审题体裁：说明文时态：一般现在时结构：总分法第一段是文章的总起段，说明四川省有很多著名的景点；第二段介绍景点九寨沟和都江堰灌溉工程，第三部分说明你对该地方的印象和感受。要求：.说明四川省有很多著名的景点①四川的地理位置：中国西南部②著名景点：九寨沟、都江堰灌溉工程.介绍景点九寨沟和都江堰灌溉工程①九寨沟是自然保护区②给人印象最深的层层叠叠的瀑布和五颜六色的湖泊，有很多珍稀动植物③都江堰灌溉工程始于2000多年前，现在仍然起着灌溉的作用.你对该地方的印象和感受：九寨沟的美景和都江堰灌溉工程的建造会让你惊叹第二步:列提纲(重点词组)belocatedin；world-famous；placesofinterest；anaturereserve；impressive；multi-levelwaterfalls；haveachancetodo...；rareanimals；scenicspot；datefrom；playanimportantpartin；beamazedby第三步：连词成句SichuanProvinceislocatedinsouthwesternpartofChina.Itenjoysmanyworld-famousplacesofinterest,suchasJiuzhaigouandDujiangyanIrrigationproject.(3)JiuzhaigouNationalParkisanaturereserveinthenorthofSichuanProvince.Whatisthemostimpressiveisitsmanymulti-levelwaterfallsandcolorfullakes.Walkinginthenaturereserve,youhaveachancetoseerareanimalssuchasgiantpandas,goldenmonkeys.Therearemanyspeciesofrareplantsprotectedhere.AnotherfamousscenicspotisDujiangyanIrrigationProject.Itdatesfromover2,000yearsago.Itisstillplayinganimportantpartinirrigationtoday.I'msurethevisitorswillbeamazedbyitsconstruction.根据提示及关键词(组)进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇.表递进关系：whatismore.表转折关系：however.表示列举：suchas,like【点睛】[高分句型1]Whatisthemostimpressiveisitsmanymulti-levelwaterfallsandcolorfullakes.(what引导的主语从句)[高分句型2]Walkinginthenaturereserve,youhaveachancetoseerareanimalssuchasgiantpandas,goldenmonkeys.(现在分词作状语)每每每日领券专享超低价周推送甄选教学资源清单月分享名校名师私享课程及课件不定期领取教辅图书及学科网独家试卷专属客服快一步获取服务扫一扫二维码关注学科网服务号一键获取所有服务，满足需求更快一步回复：教学模板领取35套教学ppt模板II.单句语法填空(在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)finditquiteboring(chat)withthosewhoarelackinginhumour.Ifapersonorthing(surround)bysomething,thatthingissituatedallaround.Doctorssayitistooearly(measure)theeffectivenessofthedrug.Ourgarden(border)byastream.Tiredofthecitylife,theoldmanleftthecity(locate)inasmallvillage.Theirmusicalstyle(mix)elementsofEasternculturewithWesternpop.Smith(confirm)astheclub'snewmanageryesterday.(broad)speaking,Iagreewithyou.Ourcountryiscallingforareturnto(tradition)festivalvalues.Ifsomething(terrify)you,itmakesyoufeelextremelyfrightened.Shedideverythingshecould(please)him.thinkwhat(impress)meabouthispaintingisthecoloursheuses.LiDaiyuandhercousinLiuQianwereonatriptoCanada(visit)theircousinsinMontrealontheAtlanticcoast.(go)eastward,you'llpassmountainsandthousandsoflakesandforestsaswellaswideriversandlargecities.Wecouldn'tdecidetogoeastwardorwestward.SkiingintheRockyMountainsand(sail)intheharbormakeVancouveroneoftheCanada'smostpopularcitiestolive.TheirnextstopwasCalgary,isfamousfortheCalgaryStampede.Cowboysfromalltheworldcome(compete)intheStampede.Thatnighttheyslept,thetrainrushedthetopofLakeSuperior,thegreatforestsandsouthwardtowardsToronto.Thenextmorningthebushesandmapletreesoutsidetheirwindowswerered,gold,andorange,andtherewasfrostontheground,(confirm)thatfallhadarrivedinCanada.】1.tochat2.issurrounded3.tomeasure4.isbordered5.tolocate6.mixes7.wasconfirmed8.Broadly9.traditional10.terrifies11.toplease12.impresses13.tovisit14.Going15.whether16.sailing;in17.which18.tocompete19.as;across;through20.confirmingIII.词性、词形转换(请用括号内所给词的正确形式填空)Thenew(govern)havetakenmeasurestomaketheaircleaner.A(continent)climateisdifferentfromanislandone.Theoldmanenjoyed(chat)withhisnewneighbour.Thehigherweclimbupthemountain,themorebeautifulthe(scene)becomesTheboywentoutofschoolandwandered(east).Heturnedonthelightandexaminedhis(surround).Anearthquake(measure)6.1ontheRichterscalestruckCaliforniayesterday.Ifyoustillfeelyourchildistruly(gift),askforanindividualIQtest.Therehasstillbeennoofficial(confirm)ofthereport.Eachstudentleamsina(slight)differentway.Thehouseis(locate)nexttotheriver.Shefeltastrange(mix)ofexcitementandfear.Heleftasapoorboyandreturnedasa(wealth)man.Hepaused,hiseyesgrowing(mist).1hungouttill(approximate)nineo'clock,andthenIcameback.Mark'ssmile(broaden)assoonashesawme.InEngland,turkeyis(traditional)eatenonChristmasDay.Hewas(terrify)tostayhomealone.wouldbeverymuch(please)ifyouwouldacceptthetriflingpresentfromme.20.WhatimpressedmewasMary'sfaultlessand(impress)performanceontheshow.【答案】1.government政府2.continental大陆性的3.chatting聊天4.scenery风景(总称)5.eastward东向6.surroundings周边环境7.measuring测量(主动表被动)8.gifted有天赋的9.confirmation证实10.slightly轻微地11.located坐落于12.mixture混合13.wealthy富裕的14.misty模糊的15.approximately近似地16.broadened扩大17.traditionally传统上18.terrified害怕19.pleased高兴的20.impressive给人以深刻印象的IV.短语练习(用所列短语的适当形式填空)atdawn;besurroundedby;beterrifiedby;catchsightof;goasfaras;haveagiftfor;inthedistance;managetodo;ratherthan;withinone'spower1.1prefertowalktheretakeabus.Hedideverything.(权限之内)Thoughthetaskwasdifficult,theytoaccomplishitintime.Inordertofindthelostboy,thevillagerswenttheseaside.Fromhiswindow,achurchcouldbeseen.Wemayevenapolarbearontheice.Somepeopleseemtolearninglanguages.Thisislandisbymanysafeandwideharbors.Thechildrenwerebythescreamcomingfromthebasement.Weshouldn'tsleeplate.Wemustgetup.【答案】1.hedistance6.catchsightof7.haveagiftfor8.surrounded9.terrified10.atdawnV.句式结构练习（根据汉语提示或者句式结构填空）Canadaissecondlargestcountryintheworld.Heispoorinmath,butwhenitcomestoEnglish,heistononeinhisclass.（首屈——指）Itissowettherethatthetreesareextremelytall,someover90meters.这里气候湿润，树木高大，个别树木测量高达九十多米。Atschool,theyhadlearnedmostCanadianslivewithinafewhundredkilometersoftheUSAborder,andCanada'spopulationisonlyslightlyoverthirtymillion,nowtheywereamazedtoseesuchanemptycountry.SomepeoplehavetheideayoucancrossCanadainlessthanfivedays,buttheyforgetthefactCanadais5500kilometersfromcoasttocoast.BecauseoftheGreatLakes,Canadahasmorefreshwaterthancountryintheworld.ChinaislargethancountryinAfrica.Ratherthantheaeroplanealltheway,theydecidedtoflytoVancouverandthentakethetrainfromwesttoeastacrossCanada.她们不想一路乘飞机，而决定先飞到温哥华，再从西海岸乘火车横穿加拿大到达东海岸。Hewaslyingsittinginthearmchair.他躺在扶手椅子里而不是坐在里面。Shepreferredtowalk（to）ride.她宁愿步行也不愿做车。【答案】1.the2.second3.measuring4.that;that;but5.that;that6.anyother7.any8.take9.ratherthan10.ratherthanVI.课文语法填空（阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式）MycousinandItravelled1Canadabytrain.WesawsomegreatsceneryandmanywildanimalsfromthetrainonthewaythroughtheRockyMountains.ThecityofThunderBayisaportinthe2(central)ofCanada.InToronto,wewentupthetallCNtowerandsawthemistycloudfromNiagaraFalls.Whenwe3(arrive)inMontreal,wesawmanysignsandadsinFrench.ThenwewenttoOldMontreal,4(sit)inatypicalcafebesidetheStLawrenceRiver.Montrealisacitywithwonderful5(restaurant)andclubs.Wespenttheafternoondoingsome6(shop)andvisitingtheartistsintheirworkplace.PeopletherespeakEnglish7thecityhasFrenchcultureandtraditions.Thatnightasthetrainwasspeeding8theStLawrenceRivertowardtheGulfofStLawrenceanddowntothedistanteastcoast,wedreamedofFrenchrestaurantsandredmaple9(leaf).Whatapleasanttripwehad!I10(real)learnedsomethingaboutCanada...9.10.【答案】1.across2.centre/centre3.arrived4.sitting5.restaurants6.shopping7.but8.along9.leaves10.reallyvn.【过关练】状语从句专练(2021•天津高三期末)Nearlythreemonthshadgonebytheseriouslyinjuredgirlshowedaslightsignofrecovery.A.untilB.beforeC.sinceD.after【答案】B【解析】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：将近3个月过去了，受伤严重的女孩才显示出一点轻微的恢复的迹象。A.until直到；B.before在前；C.since自从；D.after在后面。根据语境可知，在恢复前已经过去的三个月，应用连接词before。故选B。(2021•黑龙江牡丹江市•牡丹江一中高三期末)Hetriedhisbesttosolvetheproblem,difficultitwas.A.howeverB.nomatterC.whateverD.although【答案】A【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论问题有多么棘手，他都会竭尽全力去解决它。疑问词+ever既可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句，引导让步状语从句时相当于nomatter+疑问词。difficult是形容词，修饰形容词或副词应该用how或however,排除C；B项后缺少how,排除B；although后跟句子正常语序，排除D,故选A。（2021•黑龙江佳木斯市•佳木斯一中）一What'sthematterw汕you?—thewindow,myfingerwascutunexpectedly.A.CleaningB.TocleanC.WhilecleaningD.WhileIwascleaning【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：-你怎么了？--当我擦玻璃时，我的手指被意外割伤了。表示当擦玻璃时，用过去进行时。故选D。（2021•银川市第六中学高三三模）hehaslimitedtechnicalknowledge,theoldworkerhasalotofexperience.A.SinceB.UnlessC.AsD.Although【答案】D【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：尽管他的专业知识有限，但是这位老工人经验丰富。A.Since自从；B.Unless除非;C.As随着,因为；D.Although尽管。根据"theoldworkerhasalotofexperience.”可知，前后位转折关系，老工人虽专业知识有限，但经验丰富，填入although最为合适。故选D。（2021•天津高三期末）Idon'tbelievewe'vemetbefore,Imustsayyoudolookfamiliar.A.thereforeB.althoughC.sinceD.unless【答案】B【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：尽管我说你看起来很熟悉，但是我认为我们以前没有见过。Atherefore因此；Balthough尽管；Csince既然，自从；Dunless除非，如果…不…；"Idontbelieve”我认为没见过和“dolookfamiliar”的确眼熟是让步关系，故选B。（2021•黑龙江实验中学）Anumberofhighbuildingshavearisentherewasnothingayearagobutruins.A.whenB.whereC.beforeD.until【答案】B【解析】考查连词。句意：大量的建筑物在一年前除了废墟什么也没有的地方出现了。这是个地点状语从句，结合句意可知，用where引导。故选B。（2021•黑龙江佳木斯市•佳木斯一中）difficultthetaskmaybe,wemustfinishitontime,becausewecan'tmeetsuchapreciousopportunitywehaveexpected.A.Whatever;thatB.However;asC.However;thatD.Whatever;which【答案】B【解析】考查让步状语从句和定语从句。句意：无论任务有多难，我们必须按时完成，因为我们再也不能遇到我们能想象的如此宝贵的机会了。第一个空difficult是形容词，应该用副词修饰，排除A、D；第二个空such…as是固定搭配，先行词opportunity在定语从句中作宾语。故选B。.（2021•江苏高三）Somepeopleneverseemtoputonweightothersarealwaysonadiet.A.whileB.orC.sinceD.for【答案】A【解析】考查连词。句意：有些人似乎从不发胖，然而有些人总是节食。A.while当……的时候（从属连词，引导时间状语从句），然而（并列连词，表示前后语意上的对比或转折）；B.or或者，否则（并列连词）；C.since自从（从属连词，引导时间状语从句），既然（从属连词，引导原因状语从句）；D.for为了，由于。分析句子结构可知，设空前后是两个结构完整的句子，所以设空处要用连词；根据句意可知，此处意为“然而“，且前后两个分句语意上构成对比，所以要用while。故选A项。.（2021•天津河西区•高三二模）I'vebeenawayforonlythreeyears,Icanhardlyrecognizemyhometown.A.soB.orC.forD.yet【答案】D【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：（虽然）我只离开了三年，但是我基本认不出我的家乡了。A.so所以；B.or否则；C.for因为；D.yet但是。由语意可知，作者只离开了三年，但因为家乡变化太大，所以作者认不出自己的家乡。故选D项。（2021•山东）一CanItrytheshirton,mom?一Well,itreallylooksnice,Ithinkyoulookgoodinit.A.butB.andC.forD.or【答案】B【解析】考查连词，句意：——妈妈，我能试穿这件衬衫吗？——它看起来真的很好看，而且我认为你穿上它会看起来很不错。A.but但是；B.and并且；C.for因为；D.or或者。根据句意可知，前后两句是递进关系，要用表示递进承接关系的连词and。故选B项。VIII.语法填空：(2021.广东高三一模)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thousandsofyearsago,theWestLakeinHangzhouwasconnectedtothesea.TheQiantangRiver,notfarawayfromtheWestLake,1,(enter)theseaintheeasternpartofthisarea.Thesolidmaterialsuchassand,stonesandmudcarriedbytheriver2.(eventual)settledatthebottomandblockedtheconnectionbetweentheWestLakeandthesea,3.(make)itaninlandwater.SincetheninthcenturyAD,thebreathtakingsceneryoftheWestLakeinallseasons4.(appear)timeandagaininpoems,storiesandlegends.impressespeoplemostisthatthereareabout630legendsoftheWestLakealone.SuDongpowroteapoemtopraisetheWestLake62compareittoXizi,aChineselegendary7.(beautiful).Fromthenon,theWestLakegotanotherelegantname-XiziLake.In2011,WestLakeCulturalLandscapeofHangzhouwasincluded8,theWorldHeritageList.Itisnowvisitedbyanendlessstreamof9.(visitor)fromhomeandabroad.Perhapssomeofthemwilladd10.(they)ownstoriestoWestLake'swealthofliterature.【答案】1.entered2.eventually3.making4.hasappeared5.What6.and7.beauty8.on9.visitors10.their【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了杭州西湖的历史演变和文化积淀。.考查动词时态。句意：钱塘江在离西湖不远的东部入海。分析句子成分可知，所设空处作谓语，由上下文语境可知，讲述过去的历史，应用一般过去时态。故填entered。.考查副词。句意：河水携带的沙石泥等固体物质最终沉淀在湖底，堵塞了西湖与大海的连接，使之成为内陆水。分析句子成分可知，所设空处作状语，修饰句中谓语，意为“最终”，所以应用副词。故填eventuallyo.考查非谓语动词。句意：河水携带的沙石泥等固体物质最终沉淀在湖底，堵塞了西湖与大海的连接，使之成为内陆水。分析句子结构可知，“—3(make)itaninlandwater”作结果状语，所给词意为“造成，致使”，表主动，所以应用现在分词形式。故填making。.考查动词时态。句意：自公元九世纪以来，西湖四季宜人的美景多次出现在诗歌、故事和传说中。根据其前时间状语“SincetheninthcenturyAD(从公元九世纪开始)”可知，该句应使用现在完成时态，表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在，对现在造成的影响。故填hasappeared。.考查主语从句。句意：最让人印象深刻的是，仅西湖就有大约630个传说。分析句子结构可知，“_5—impressespeoplemost”为主语从句，在该从句中缺少主语成分，应用what引导，指代“最让人印象深刻的事/物”。故填What。.考查并列连词。句意：苏东坡写了一首诗赞美西湖，并把它比作中国传说中的美人西子。分析句子成分可知，所设空后“compareittoXizi”与其前的“praisetheWestLake”两个动作为并列关系，共用同一个不定式符号“to”，做目的状语，所以应用并列连词连接这两个动作。故填and。.考查名词