气、血和津液双语医学课件

Qi,BloodandBodyfluid气、血和津液DepartmentofTraditionalChineseMedicineQi,BloodandBodyfluid气、血气第二节一彭丹凤Partoneqi气第二节一彭丹凤PartoneqiQI（气）

Concept（概念）Formation（生成）Function（功能）Movement（运动）

Types（分类）QI（气）Concept（概念）Concept（概念）Philosophicalconcept：Qireferstoallthetinysubstancesinexistenceintheuniversewhichisexercisingcontinuouslyandimmaterial,itisthesamefountainheadintheuniverse.哲学概念：指存在与宇宙之中的不断运动且无形可见的极细微物质，是宇宙万物的共同构成本源。Concept（概念）PhilosophicalconcConcept（概念）Medicinalconcept：Qireferstotheverysmallsubstanceinexistenceinthehumanbodywhichexercisescontinuouslyandbefullofenergy,itisoneofthefundamentalsubstancesconstitutingthehumanbodyandmaintainingitslifeactivities.

医学概念：是人体内活力很强、运行不息的极精微物质，是构成人体和维持人体生命活动的基本物质之一。Concept（概念）Medicinalconcept：Qcongenitalqi（先天之精气）

freshairinhaledfromthenaturalworld（自然界的清气）

cerealessence（水谷之精气）

QiinthehumanbodyFormation（生成）kidneyslungspleencongenitalqifreshairinhaledFunction（功能）A.PromotingActionofQi（推动功能）Qi,asasortofrefinedsubstancefullofvigour,playsapromotingandactivatingroleinthegrowthanddevelopmentofthehumanbody,thephysiologicalactivitiesofthezang-fuorgansandmeridians,theproductionandcirculationofblood,aswellastheproduction,distributionandexcretionofbodyfluid.B.WarmingActionofQi（温煦功能）

Whetherman'sbodytemperatureisnormalornotdependsonthewarmingactionofqi.Onlythroughthewarmingactionofqicanallzang-fuorgans，meridiansandotherstructuresperformtheirnormalfunctionalactivities,andcansuchliquidsubstancesasbloodandbodyfluidcirculatenormally.Function（功能）A.PromotingActioFunctionC.DefendingActionofQi（防御功能）

Qihasdefendingfunctiontodefendthebodysurfaceagainsttheexogenouspathogensandtocombatwiththeinvadedexogenouspathogenstodrivethemoutofthebody.D.ControllingActionofQi

（固摄功能）

a:Keepingthebloodflowingwithinthevesselstopreventitfromextravasatingwithoutreason.

b:Controllingandregulatingthesecretionandexcretionofsweat,urine,sperm,saliva,gastrointestinaljuices,etc,tomaintainarelativebalanceofwatermetabolism.c:Firmingtheinternalorgansintheirnormalpositionswithoutprolapse.FunctionC.DefendingActionofFunctionE.ActionofQiTransformation（气化功能）

Qitransformationmaybedefinedasvariouskindsofchangesbroughtaboutbythemovementofqi.Concretelyspeaking,itreferstotherespectivemetabolismofessence,qi,bloodandbodyfluidandtheirreciprocaltransformation.

Forinstance,foodistransformedintoqi,bloodandbodyfluid;bodyfluidareconvertedintosweatandurinebymetabolizing,andtheresiduesoffood,afterdigestionandabsorption,areturnedintofecestobedischargedfromthebody.

Alltheseprocessesareallthespecificmanifestationsoftheactionofqitransformation.Toputitbriefly,qitransformationisactuallytheprocessinwhichthesubstancesinthebodyaremetabolizedandintertransformed.FunctionE.ActionofQiTransfMovement（运动）Conceptof“qiji”

：

TheMovementofQiisknownas“qiji”

气机的概念：气的运动称为气机B.

Qihasfourbasicmovementforms:

ascending（升）

descending（降）

exiting

（出）

entering（入）Movement（运动）Conceptof“qiji”Theascending,descending,exitingandenteringofqiaremainlyembodiedinthephysiologicalactivitiesofthezang-fuorgans,meridiansandotherprocessesofmetabolism.Movement（运动）Forexample,thelunggovernsrespiration,exhalingpertainstoexiting,inhalingtoentering;anddispersingpertainstoascending,loweringtodescending.Thespleensendstheclearupwardandthestomachpassestheturbiddownward.Soallkindsofphysiologicalactivitiesinthehumanbody,essentially,arereflectedinthefourmovementsofqi.

Theascending,descendcongenitalqi（先天之精气）primordialqi(元气)

pectoralqi(宗气)defensiveqi(卫气)

nutritiveqi(营气)QiinthehumanbodyTypes（分类）freshairinhaledfromthenaturalworld（自然界之清气）cerealessence（水谷之精气）congenitalqiprimordialqipectprimordialqi（元气）Itistheprimarymotiveforceoflifeactivities.Primordialqiderivesfromthecongenitalessencestoredinthekidney,anddependsontheacquiredessenceregeneratedbythespleenandstomach.B.pectoralqi（宗气）

Itisaccumulatedinchest.Pectoralqiperformstwomainfunctions.Oneistravelingthroughtherespiratorytracttopromoterespirationandthesufficiencyorinsufficiencyofpectoralqiinfluencestheconditionsofthevoice、speechorbreathandsoon.Theotherisrunningthroughtheheart-meridianstopromotethecirculationofqiandblood.Distributionandfunction（分布与功能）primordialqiItistheprimaryD.defensiveqi（卫气）Defensiveqirunsoutsidethebloodvessels.Ithasthefollowingfunctions:protectingthebodysurfaceagainstexogenouspathogens,controllingtheopeningandclosingofthepores,adjustingtheexcretionofsweat,warmingandnourishingthezang-fuorgans,musclesandtheskinwithhairs,etc,maintainingarelativelyconstantbodytemperature.C.nutritiveqi（营气）Nutritiveqiistheqithatcirculatestogetherwithbloodinthevessels.Itoriginatesfromthepurepartofcerealessencetransformedbythespleenandstomachandbearsresponsibilityforthebloodproductionandthenutritionofthewholebody.Distributionandfunction（分布与功能）D.defensiveqiDefensiveqiru血第二节二彭丹凤Parttwoblood血第二节二彭丹凤ParttwobloodBLOOD（血）Concept（概念）Formation（生成）Function（功能）Movement（运动）BLOOD（血）Concept（概念）Concept（概念）redliquid（红色液体）circulatinginthevessels（循行于脉中）blood（血）richinnutrient（富有营养）oneoftheindispensablesubstancesthatconstitutethehumanbodyandmaintainitslifeactivities.是构成人体和维持人体生命活动的基本物质之一

血是循行于脉中的富有营养的红色液态样物质，是构成和维持人体生命活动的基本物质之一。Concept（概念）redliquidcirculatiFormation（生成）materialbasis

（物质基础）cerealessence-nutritiveqiandbodyfluid水谷之精——营气和津液kidneyessence肾精Formation（生成）materialbasisce

Sketchmapofbloodformation（血液化生示意图）foodstuff（饮食水谷）cerealessence（水谷精微）qiofspleenandstomach（脾胃之气）nutritiveqi（营气）

bodyfluid（津液）

kidneyessence（肾精）liver（肝）heart-vessel（心脉）blood（血）freshairinhaledfromthenaturalworld（自然界清气）lung-qi（肺气）Kidney-qi（肾气）marrow（髓）heart-qi（心气）

thekidneystoresessence,andessenceproducesmarrow,theyallpromotethefunctionofspleenandstomach,andhelptothebloodformation.

theliver,besidesitsfunctionofstoringblood,adjuststhevolumeofbloodflowandmaintainthenormalflowofqiandblood.Thespleenisviewedasthesourcefortheproductionandtransformationofqiandblood.

Theheart-qiisthefundamentalmotivepowertopropelbloodcirculation.Thelungisinchargeofqiofthewholebody.Sketchmapofbloodformation1、nourishandmoisten（营养和滋润）

Thebloodincludestherichnutrients，circulatesceaselesslyLikearingwithoutendtonourishandmoistenalltheorgansandtissues.Inthis,normalphysiologicalactivitiesaremaintained.

Function（功能）1、nourishandmoisten（营养和滋润）F2、materialbasisofmentalactivities（神志活动的物质基础）

Bloodisalsothematerialbasisofmentalactivities.Soundmentalactivityresultsfromnormalcirculationandasufficientsupplyofblood.Soanybloodtrouble,whateverthecausesmaybe,willbringaboutsymptomsofmentalactivitiesvaryingindegrees.Function（功能）2、materialbasisofmentalact

Bloodcirculateswithinthevessels,bywhichitiscarriedtothezang-fuorgansinternallyandtotheskin,muscles,tendonsandbonesexternally.Itcirculatesceaselesslylikearingwithoutendtonourishandmoistenalltheorgansandtissues.

血在血管中循行，内至脏腑，外达皮肉筋骨，如环无端，运行不息，营养滋润所有脏腑组织。

Movement（运动）Bloodcirculateswithinth

Heart

controlling

blood

circulation（心主血脉）：Theheart-qiisthefundamentalmotivepowertopropelbloodcirculation.心气推动血液在脉中运行。

Convergenceofvesselsinlung（肺朝百脉）：

Lungcontrollingdispersingoutwardandinwards,adjustingthe“qiji”

肺主宣发肃降，调节气机。

Spleen

governing

blood(脾主统血):Keepingbloodflowingwithinthevesselsandpreventitfromextravasating.

控制血在脉中运行，防止血溢脉外。

Liver

storing

blood(肝藏血):Adjustingthevolumeofbloodflowandmaintainingthenormalflowofqiandblood.

调节血量，维持血液循环及流量的平衡。Movement（运动）Heart

controlling

blood

circu液津第二节三彭丹凤Partthreebodyfluid液津第二节三彭丹凤Partthreebodyfluidconcept（概念）formationdistributionandexcretion

（生成、输布与排泄）

function（功能）Bodyfluid（津液）

concept（概念）Bodyfluid（津液）

BodyfluidiscalledjinyeinTCM,includingallkindsoffluidsintheorgansandtissuesandtheirsecretions,suchasgastricjuice,intestinaljuice,nasaldischarge,tears,sweat,urineandsoon.Justlikeqiandblood,bodyfluidisalsooneoftheessentialsubstancesconstitutingthehumanbodyandmaintainingitslife.Concept（概念）体液在中医称为津液，包括存在于脏腑组织和它们之间间隙的各种液体如胆汁、肠液、鼻涕、眼泪、汗液、尿液等等。与气血一样，津液也是构成人体和维持生命活动的必要物质之一。BodyfluidiscalledjinBodyfluid津液Jin（津）

ye

（液）jinisthefluidwhichisclearandthinandflowseasily.Itisdistributedintheskin,musclesandorifices,furthermore,itpermeatesthebloodvesselstokeepthemmoistened.

Yeisthickfluidwithflowinglesseasily.Itisdistributedinthejoints,brain,marrowandinternalorganstonourishthem.

Concept（概念）BodyfluidJin（津）ye（液）jinisFormationdistributionandexcretion生成、输布与排泄

Theformation,distributionandexcretionofbodyfluidarethecomplexphysiologicalprocessinwhichtheyareaccomplishedbythejointactionofmanyorgans.

津液的生成、输布和排泄是一个由许多脏腑组织共同完成的复杂过程。

FormationdistributionandexcFormationdistributionandexcretion生成、输布与排泄Bodyfluidisformedfromfoodandwaterbydigestionandabsorptionofthestomach,separatingtheclarityfromtheturbidityofthesmallintestineandtramformationofthespleen.（津液由胃中消化吸收、小肠进行分清别浊、脾运化的水谷中形成。）

Thedistributionandexcretionofbodyfluidareaccomplishedbythejointactionofmanyzang-fuorgan,suchasthetransformingfunctionofthespleen,thedispersinganddescendingfunctionofthelung,thesteamingandascendingfunctionofthekidney.(津液的分布和排泄由许多脏腑组织共同完成，如脾的运化功能、肺的宣发肃降功能、肾的蒸发沉降功能。)Bodyfluidtakestripleenergizerasitspassagewayfordistributionandexcretion.(津液以三焦为通道进行分布和排泄。)FormationdistributionandexcFunction（功能）

moisteningandnourishing滋润和濡养作用

producingblood化生血液

adjustingyinandyangofthehumanbody调节人体的阴阳平衡excretingmetabolite排泄代谢产物deliveringqiofthewholebody运载全身之气Function（功能）moisteningandno气血津液之间的关系第二节四彭丹凤QI,BLOODANDBODYFLUIDOFMUTUALCAUSALITY

气血津液之间的关系第二节四彭丹凤QI,BLOODAND1、Qiandblood（气和血）qiisthe“commander”ofblood气为血之帅

Qiisthemotivepowerforbloodformation,orrather,itproducesblood.Bloodisformedfromnutritiveqiandbodyfluid,bothofwhichcomefromfoodandwater.Allthesecannotbeseparatedfromthefunctionsofqi.Bloodcirculationdependsonthepropellingfunctionofheart-qi.Foranother,qicontrolsbloodandkeepitflowinginthebloodvesselswithoutextravasation.bloodisthe"mother"ofqi.血为气之母Bloodisreferredtoasthemotherofqibecause,ontheonehand,bloodisacarrierofqi;andontheother,bloodprovidesadequatenutrientsforqi.Therefore,itisimpossibleforqitoexistwithoutits"mother",blood.1、Qiandblood（气和血）qiisthe2、Qiandbodyfluid（气和津液）Qiproducesbodyfluid.（气能生津）Theformation,distributionandexcretionofbodyfluiddependuponallthemovementsofqianditswarming,promotingandcontrollingfunctions.Theexistenceofqiinthebodynotonlydependsuponblood,butonbodyfluidwhichisformedfromfoodessencebythefunctionsofthestomachandspleen.So,whetherbodyfluidisadequateorinadequatedependsupontheconditionsofspleen-qiandstomach-qi.

津液的形成、分布和排泄依赖气的运动和温煦、推动和固摄功能。人体气的存在不仅依赖血，也依赖脾运化的水谷精微所形成的津液。因此，津液的充足与否依赖脾胃之气的状态。

2、Qiandbodyfluid（气和津液）Qipr2、Qiandbodyfluid（气和津液）Qipromotesthetransportationofbodyfluid.（气能行津）Themovementsofqiarethemotivityforthetransportation,anddistributionofbodyfluid,andtheexcretionofsweatandurine.Therefore,Incaseofdeficiencyofqiordysfunctionofqi,disturbanceofbodyfluidintransportation,distributionandexcretionwilloccur.Therebyleadingtothestagnationofbodyfluid.

气的运动是津液运行分布和汗尿液排泄的原动力。因此气虚或气的功能失常，就会发生津液运行、分布和排泄的紊乱，使津液停滞。

2、Qiandbodyfluid（气和津液）QiprC.Qicontrolsbodyfluid.（气能摄津）Qimaycontroltheexcretionofbodyfluidandmaintainthebalanceofthemetabolismofbodyfluid,Incaseqifailstocontroltheexcretionofbodyfluidsomeofbodyfluidwillrunoff.气可以控制津液的排泄，维持体液代谢平衡。如气无法控制津液的排泄，便会导致津液的横溢。

2、Qiandbodyfluid（气和津液）C.Qicontrolsbodyfluid.（气能D.Bodyfluidisacarrierofqi.（津能载气）Qiresidesinbodyfluid,Bodyfluidservesasacarrierofqi.Thatis,bodyfluidcarriesqi.Qicannotexistwithoutbodyfluid.Thisisthereasonwhythelossofbodyfluidoftendamagesqi.Ifqifailstoattachtobodyfluid,qi-deficiencyandevenqiprostrationwillensue.津液是气的载体。这就是津能载气。如果没有津液，气就无法存在。这就是为什么伤津就会耗气。如气无法依托于津液，则气虚甚则气陷就会随之发生。

2、Qiandbodyfluid（气和津液）D.Bodyfluidisacarrierof3、BloodandBodyfluid（血和津液）commonsource（来源相同）transformingmutually（相互化生）blood（血）bodyfluid（津液）

3、BloodandBodyfluid（血和津液）co

Bloodandbodyfluidareliquidsand,what'smore,theybothperformthenourishingandmoisteningfunctions.Bodyfluidwillbecomeandimportantcomponentofbloodwheninfiltratingintothebloodvessels.Asbloodandjinyeoriginatefromtheessenceoffoodandwater,theyareknownas“bodyfluidandbloodarederivedfromacommonsource."

血和津液都是液体，而且它们都有滋养功能。津液进入脉中就会成为血液的重要组成部分。因为血和津液都源于水谷津液，因此被称为“津血同源”。

3、BloodandbodyfluidBloodandbodyfluidare

Recurrentorseverebleedingmaydodamagetobodyfluid,resultinginthirst,scantyurineanddryskin.Andsevereconsumptionorlossofjinyewillaffectthesourceofblood,leadingtotheexhaustionofbothbloodandjinye.Forthisreason,itisnotadvisabletousediaphoreticsforhaemorrhagepatients,andthemethodsofbreakingbloodorprickingbloodshouldbeavoidedintreatingpatientswiththeinadequateofjinyeandhidrosis.

周期或严重出血会损伤津液导致口渴、尿少和皮肤干燥。严重的津液耗损和丢失会影响血源，导致津液和血液的枯竭。因此，对于出血的患者不宜用汗法，破血或活血法不宜用于津液不足或汗证的患者。

3、BloodandbodyfulidRecurrentorseverebleedQuestionWhataboutthefunctionofqi?Whatisthebasicmovementformsofqi?Howaboutthemutualcausalitybetweenqiandblood?Whatisthedifferenceofjinandye?QuestionWhataboutthefunctiQi,BloodandBodyfluid气、血和津液DepartmentofTraditionalChineseMedicineQi,BloodandBodyfluid气、血气第二节一彭丹凤Partoneqi气第二节一彭丹凤PartoneqiQI（气）

Concept（概念）Formation（生成）Function（功能）Movement（运动）

Types（分类）QI（气）Concept（概念）Concept（概念）Philosophicalconcept：Qireferstoallthetinysubstancesinexistenceintheuniversewhichisexercisingcontinuouslyandimmaterial,itisthesamefountainheadintheuniverse.哲学概念：指存在与宇宙之中的不断运动且无形可见的极细微物质，是宇宙万物的共同构成本源。Concept（概念）PhilosophicalconcConcept（概念）Medicinalconcept：Qireferstotheverysmallsubstanceinexistenceinthehumanbodywhichexercisescontinuouslyandbefullofenergy,itisoneofthefundamentalsubstancesconstitutingthehumanbodyandmaintainingitslifeactivities.

医学概念：是人体内活力很强、运行不息的极精微物质，是构成人体和维持人体生命活动的基本物质之一。Concept（概念）Medicinalconcept：Qcongenitalqi（先天之精气）

freshairinhaledfromthenaturalworld（自然界的清气）

cerealessence（水谷之精气）

QiinthehumanbodyFormation（生成）kidneyslungspleencongenitalqifreshairinhaledFunction（功能）A.PromotingActionofQi（推动功能）Qi,asasortofrefinedsubstancefullofvigour,playsapromotingandactivatingroleinthegrowthanddevelopmentofthehumanbody,thephysiologicalactivitiesofthezang-fuorgansandmeridians,theproductionandcirculationofblood,aswellastheproduction,distributionandexcretionofbodyfluid.B.WarmingActionofQi（温煦功能）

Whetherman'sbodytemperatureisnormalornotdependsonthewarmingactionofqi.Onlythroughthewarmingactionofqicanallzang-fuorgans，meridiansandotherstructuresperformtheirnormalfunctionalactivities,andcansuchliquidsubstancesasbloodandbodyfluidcirculatenormally.Function（功能）A.PromotingActioFunctionC.DefendingActionofQi（防御功能）

Qihasdefendingfunctiontodefendthebodysurfaceagainsttheexogenouspathogensandtocombatwiththeinvadedexogenouspathogenstodrivethemoutofthebody.D.ControllingActionofQi

（固摄功能）

a:Keepingthebloodflowingwithinthevesselstopreventitfromextravasatingwithoutreason.

b:Controllingandregulatingthesecretionandexcretionofsweat,urine,sperm,saliva,gastrointestinaljuices,etc,tomaintainarelativebalanceofwatermetabolism.c:Firmingtheinternalorgansintheirnormalpositionswithoutprolapse.FunctionC.DefendingActionofFunctionE.ActionofQiTransformation（气化功能）

Qitransformationmaybedefinedasvariouskindsofchangesbroughtaboutbythemovementofqi.Concretelyspeaking,itreferstotherespectivemetabolismofessence,qi,bloodandbodyfluidandtheirreciprocaltransformation.

Forinstance,foodistransformedintoqi,bloodandbodyfluid;bodyfluidareconvertedintosweatandurinebymetabolizing,andtheresiduesoffood,afterdigestionandabsorption,areturnedintofecestobedischargedfromthebody.

Alltheseprocessesareallthespecificmanifestationsoftheactionofqitransformation.Toputitbriefly,qitransformationisactuallytheprocessinwhichthesubstancesinthebodyaremetabolizedandintertransformed.FunctionE.ActionofQiTransfMovement（运动）Conceptof“qiji”

：

TheMovementofQiisknownas“qiji”

气机的概念：气的运动称为气机B.

Qihasfourbasicmovementforms:

ascending（升）

descending（降）

exiting

（出）

entering（入）Movement（运动）Conceptof“qiji”Theascending,descending,exitingandenteringofqiaremainlyembodiedinthephysiologicalactivitiesofthezang-fuorgans,meridiansandotherprocessesofmetabolism.Movement（运动）Forexample,thelunggovernsrespiration,exhalingpertainstoexiting,inhalingtoentering;anddispersingpertainstoascending,loweringtodescending.Thespleensendstheclearupwardandthestomachpassestheturbiddownward.Soallkindsofphysiologicalactivitiesinthehumanbody,essentially,arereflectedinthefourmovementsofqi.

Theascending,descendcongenitalqi（先天之精气）primordialqi(元气)

pectoralqi(宗气)defensiveqi(卫气)

nutritiveqi(营气)QiinthehumanbodyTypes（分类）freshairinhaledfromthenaturalworld（自然界之清气）cerealessence（水谷之精气）congenitalqiprimordialqipectprimordialqi（元气）Itistheprimarymotiveforceoflifeactivities.Primordialqiderivesfromthecongenitalessencestoredinthekidney,anddependsontheacquiredessenceregeneratedbythespleenandstomach.B.pectoralqi（宗气）

Itisaccumulatedinchest.Pectoralqiperformstwomainfunctions.Oneistravelingthroughtherespiratorytracttopromoterespirationandthesufficiencyorinsufficiencyofpectoralqiinfluencestheconditionsofthevoice、speechorbreathandsoon.Theotherisrunningthroughtheheart-meridianstopromotethecirculationofqiandblood.Distributionandfunction（分布与功能）primordialqiItistheprimaryD.defensiveqi（卫气）Defensiveqirunsoutsidethebloodvessels.Ithasthefollowingfunctions:protectingthebodysurfaceagainstexogenouspathogens,controllingtheopeningandclosingofthepores,adjustingtheexcretionofsweat,warmingandnourishingthezang-fuorgans,musclesandtheskinwithhairs,etc,maintainingarelativelyconstantbodytemperature.C.nutritiveqi（营气）Nutritiveqiistheqithatcirculatestogetherwithbloodinthevessels.Itoriginatesfromthepurepartofcerealessencetransformedbythespleenandstomachandbearsresponsibilityforthebloodproductionandthenutritionofthewholebody.Distributionandfunction（分布与功能）D.defensiveqiDefensiveqiru血第二节二彭丹凤Parttwoblood血第二节二彭丹凤ParttwobloodBLOOD（血）Concept（概念）Formation（生成）Function（功能）Movement（运动）BLOOD（血）Concept（概念）Concept（概念）redliquid（红色液体）circulatinginthevessels（循行于脉中）blood（血）richinnutrient（富有营养）oneoftheindispensablesubstancesthatconstitutethehumanbodyandmaintainitslifeactivities.是构成人体和维持人体生命活动的基本物质之一

血是循行于脉中的富有营养的红色液态样物质，是构成和维持人体生命活动的基本物质之一。Concept（概念）redliquidcirculatiFormation（生成）materialbasis

（物质基础）cerealessence-nutritiveqiandbodyfluid水谷之精——营气和津液kidneyessence肾精Formation（生成）materialbasisce

Sketchmapofbloodformation（血液化生示意图）foodstuff（饮食水谷）cerealessence（水谷精微）qiofspleenandstomach（脾胃之气）nutritiveqi（营气）

bodyfluid（津液）

kidneyessence（肾精）liver（肝）heart-vessel（心脉）blood（血）freshairinhaledfromthenaturalworld（自然界清气）lung-qi（肺气）Kidney-qi（肾气）marrow（髓）heart-qi（心气）

thekidneystoresessence,andessenceproducesmarrow,theyallpromotethefunctionofspleenandstomach,andhelptothebloodformation.

theliver,besidesitsfunctionofstoringblood,adjuststhevolumeofbloodflowandmaintainthenormalflowofqiandblood.Thespleenisviewedasthesourcefortheproductionandtransformationofqiandblood.

Theheart-qiisthefundamentalmotivepowertopropelbloodcirculation.Thelungisinchargeofqiofthewholebody.Sketchmapofbloodformation1、nourishandmoisten（营养和滋润）

Thebloodincludestherichnutrients，circulatesceaselesslyLikearingwithoutendtonourishandmoistenalltheorgansandtissues.Inthis,normalphysiologicalactivitiesaremaintained.

Function（功能）1、nourishandmoisten（营养和滋润）F2、materialbasisofmentalactivities（神志活动的物质基础）

Bloodisalsothematerialbasisofmentalactivities.Soundmentalactivityresultsfromnormalcirculationandasufficientsupplyofblood.Soanybloodtrouble,whateverthecausesmaybe,willbringaboutsymptomsofmentalactivitiesvaryingindegrees.Function（功能）2、materialbasisofmentalact

Bloodcirculateswithinthevessels,bywhichitiscarriedtothezang-fuorgansinternallyandtotheskin,muscles,tendonsandbonesexternally.Itcirculatesceaselesslylikearingwithoutendtonourishandmoistenalltheorgansandtissues.

血在血管中循行，内至脏腑，外达皮肉筋骨，如环无端，运行不息，营养滋润所有脏腑组织。

Movement（运动）Bloodcirculateswithinth

Heart

controlling

blood

circulation（心主血脉）：Theheart-qiisthefundamentalmotivepowertopropelbloodcirculation.心气推动血液在脉中运行。

Convergenceofvesselsinlung（肺朝百脉）：

Lungcontrollingdispersingoutwardandinwards,adjustingthe“qiji”

肺主宣发肃降，调节气机。

Spleen

governing

blood(脾主统血):Keepingbloodflowingwithinthevesselsandpreventitfromextravasating.

控制血在脉中运行，防止血溢脉外。

Liver

storing

blood(肝藏血):Adjustingthevolumeofbloodflowandmaintainingthenormalflowofqiandblood.

调节血量，维持血液循环及流量的平衡。Movement（运动）Heart

controlling

blood

circu液津第二节三彭丹凤Partthreebodyfluid液津第二节三彭丹凤Partthreebodyfluidconcept（概念）formationdistributionandexcretion

（生成、输布与排泄）

function（功能）Bodyfluid（津液）

concept（概念）Bodyfluid（津液）

BodyfluidiscalledjinyeinTCM,includingallkindsoffluidsintheorgansandtissuesandtheirsecretions,suchasgastricjuice,intestinaljuice,nasaldischarge,tears,sweat,urineandsoon.Justlikeqiandblood,bodyfluidisalsooneoftheessentialsubstancesconstitutingthehumanbodyandmaintainingitslife.Concept（概念）体液在中医称为津液，包括存在于脏腑组织和它们之间间隙的各种液体如胆汁、肠液、鼻涕、眼泪、汗液、尿液等等。与气血一样，津液也是构成人体和维持生命活动的必要物质之一。BodyfluidiscalledjinBodyfluid津液Jin（津）

ye

（液）jinisthefluidwhichisclearandthinandflowseasily.Itisdistributedintheskin,musclesandorifices,furthermore,itpermeatesthebloodvesselstokeepthemmoistened.

Yeisthickfluidwithflowinglesseasily.Itisdistributedinthejoints,brain,marrowandinternalorganstonourishthem.

Concept（概念）BodyfluidJin（津）ye（液）jinisFormationdistributionandexcretion生成、输布与排泄

Theformation,distributionandexcretionofbodyfluidarethecomplexphysiologicalprocessinwhichtheyareaccomplishedbythejointactionofmanyorgans.

津液的生成、输布和排泄是一个由许多脏腑组织共同完成的复杂过程。

FormationdistributionandexcFormationdistributionandexcretion生成、输布与排泄Bodyfluidisformedfromfoodandwaterbydigestionandabsorptionofthestomach,separatingtheclarityfromtheturbidityofthesmallintestineandtramformationofthespleen.（津液由胃中消化吸收、小肠进行分清别浊、脾运化的水谷中形成。）

Thedistributionandexcretionofbodyfluidareaccomplishedbythejointactionofmanyzang-fuorgan,suchasthetransformingfunctionofthespleen,thedispersinganddescendingfunctionofthelung,thesteamingandascendingfunctionofthekidney.(津液的分布和排泄由许多脏腑组织共同完成，如脾的运化功能、肺的宣发肃降功能、肾的蒸发沉降功能。)Bodyfluidtakestripleenergizerasitspassagewayfordistributionandexcretion.(津液以三焦为通道进行分布和排泄。)FormationdistributionandexcFunction（功能）

moisteningandnourishing滋润和濡养作用

producingblood化生血液

adjustingyinandyangofthehumanbody调节人体的阴阳平衡excretingmetabolite排泄代谢产物deliveringqiofthewholebody运载全身之气Function（功能）moisteningandno气血津液之间的关系第二节四彭丹凤QI,BLOODANDBODYFLUIDOFMUTUALCAUSALITY

气血津液之间的关系第二节四彭丹凤QI,BLOODAND1、Qiandblood（气和血）qiisthe“commander”ofblood气为血之帅

Qiisthemotivepowerforbloodformation,orrather,itproducesblood.Bloodisformedfromnutritiveqiandbodyfluid,bothofwhichcomefromfoodandwater.Allthesecannotbeseparatedfromthefunctionsofqi.Bloodcirculationdependsonthepropellingfunctionofheart-qi.Foranoth