人教版英语八年级上册Unit2

人教版英语八年级上册Unit2人教版英语八年级上册Unit2人教版英语八年级上册Unit2资料仅供参考文件编号：2022年4月人教版英语八年级上册Unit2版本号：A修改号：1页次：1.0审核：批准:发布日期：Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise?一、重点短语helpwithhousework帮助做家务onweekends在周末howoften多久一次hardlyever几乎从不onceaweek每周一次twiceamonth每月两次befree有空gotothemovies去看电影usetheInternet用互联网swingdance摇摆舞playtennis打网球stayuplate熬夜；睡得很晚gotobedearly早点睡觉playsports进行体育活动begoodfor对……有好处gocamping去野营not…atall一点儿也不……inone’sfreetime在某人的业余时间themostpopular最受欢迎的suchas比如；诸如oldhabitsdiehard积习难改gotothedentist去看牙医morethan多于；超过lessthan少于atleast至少havedanceandpianolessons上舞蹈课和钢琴课二、句型荟萃helpsb.withsth.帮助某人做某事Howabout…......怎么样/……好不好wantsb.todosth.想让某人做某事Howmany+可数名词复数+一般疑问句…有多少…

主+find+that从句.……发现……spendtimewithsb.和某人一起度过时光It’s+adj.+todosth.做某事是……的。asksb.aboutsth.向某人询问某事bydoingsth.通过做某事What’syourfavorite……你最喜爱的…是什么

thebestwaytodosth.做某事的最好方式SectionA知识讲解一.helpwithhousework帮助做家务1.helpwithsth.意为“帮助做某事”2.helpsb.withsth.=helpsb._______sth.帮助某人做某事Eg:Ioftenhelphim______hisEnglish.=Ioftenhelphim__________English.我经常帮他学习英语。【拓展】1.helponeselfto…请随便吃/喝···Pleasehelpyourselftosomecakes.2.can’thelpdoingsth情不自禁做某事Ican’thelpfallinginlovewiththatgirl.我情不自禁爱上那个女孩。二．housework意为“家务劳动”。不可数名词。1.Theyhavehouseworktodo.A.manyB.much三.sometimes有时辨析：sometimes，sometimes，sometime，sometimesometimes有时候。=attimes=fromtimetotime也是“有时”的意思。sometimes几次。time作可数名词时可作“次数”解；表示“时间”时是不可数名词。sometime某个时候。可指过去或将来的某个时候。sometime一段时间。常与for连用。对它提问用howlong。口诀记忆：分开“一段时间”；相聚“某个时候”。练习：①WeplantostayinHainanfor.我们打算在海南呆一段时间。②Iamsurethatwehavemetbefore.我肯定我们之前见过几次了。③Ihavelettersfromhim.有时我会收到他的来信。四.hardlyever几乎不比较：hard、hardly和hardlyever①hard作形容词时，意为“困难的；硬的；勤奋的；严厉的；苛刻的”。hard作副词时常用来表示程度，意为“努力地；猛烈地；剧烈地”，位于动词之后。Thisgroundistoohardtodig.这块地太硬，挖不动。Theytriedhardtosucceed.他们努力工作，以求得成功。②Hardly副词，意为“几乎不”，表示否定意义，位于实义动词之前，系动词、助动词、或情态动词之后，不表示频率。常用来修饰表示能力的词，如can,could等。Hecanhardlyplayfootball.他几乎不会打篮球。Thereishardlyanycoffeeleft.几乎没有剩余的咖啡了③hardlyever是表频率的副词，意为“几乎不；几乎没有”，相当于almostnot,seldom。练习：Thereis____________foodleft.几乎没有食物剩下。He____________.他几乎不工作。He____________.他工作努力。五．What’syourfavorite...=What...doyoulikebest你最喜欢的......是什么？

1.What’syourfavoriteanimal你最喜欢的动物是什么

=__________________________________________六.free意为“空闲的，有空的”反义词busy。befree意为“闲着，有空”eg:：Heisfreenow.他现在有空。拓展：free还可译为“免费的”Eg：Theticketsarefree.票是免费的。七．quitefull很忙，相当忙.1.adj.full还可译为“满的，充满的”。反义词是empty，意为“空的”。Eg：Thebuswasfullwhentheygotthere.翻译________________________________________.拓展：AbefullofB.=AbefillwithB;A中充满了B。Theroomisfullofstudents.Thebusisfullofpeople.Thehallis_______people.A.fillwithB.fullwithC.filledofD.filledwith2.fulladj.“饱的”。其反义词是hungry，意为“饥饿的”。Areyouhungryorfull你饿了还是饱了

Eg：Ican’teatanymore，Iamquitefull.我不能再吃了，我相当饱了。八．maybe“也许，大概，可能”，常位于句首。Eg：MaybeheknowsTom.也许他认识Tom。辨析：maybe和maybemaybe“也许，大概，可能”。（一般放句首）Maybeyouareright.也许你是对的。maybe“可能是，也许是”。为“情态动词+be动词”结构。（位于句中）Youmayberight.你也许是对的。LilyanEnglishteacher.Lily可能是一名英语老师。=________________________________________九.atleast意为“至少”。其反义词为atmost“最多”。Eg：Thereareatleast1,500studentsinourschool._____________________________________。十.howoften意为“多久一次”，常用于对时间频率的提问。回答可用once/twice/threetimesaday(一天一/两/三次)，sometimes(有时)，never(从不)，veryoften(经常)等。HowoftendoyouwatchTV你多久看一次电视

【拓展】词语词义用法答语特征howlong多久询问时间多久for/about+一段时间howoften多久一次询问动作的频率often,twiceaweek等howsoon多快，过多久询问时间多快in+一段时间howfar多远询问距离多远tenminutes’walkhowmany多少询问可数名词数量数词+可数名词复数howmuch多少询问不可数名词数量数词+表示量的词+不可数名词多少钱询问价格数词+钱十一.look、see、watch和read辨析：look为不及物动词，后接宾语时须用介词at，着重_______。see着重_______，即“看到，看见”。read多指“看书、报”，这里的“看”实为“读”。watch着重_______也常用于“看电视，看比赛”等短语中,还表示“注视，观看，监视”之意。sectionB一．wantsb.todosth.的否定形式为wantsb._____todosth.Eg：Shewantsmetobringhimsomepens.否定：Shewantsme__________________himsomepens.拓展：1.wantsth.想要某物2.wanttodosth.想要做某事3.want(sb.)todosth.=wouldlike/love(sb.)todosth.二．begoodfor意为“对……有益”。反义词为bebadfor“对……有害”。Eg:Vegetablesaregoodforyou.蔬菜对你有好处。【拓展】1.begoodto“对…好”，其反义短语为bebadto“对…不好”。2.begoodat“在…方面擅长”，at后面常接名词、代词或动词-ing形式，同义短语为dowellin。SheisgoodatEnglishandChinese.=ShedoeswellinEnglishandChinese.她擅长英语和汉语。Iamgoodat__________________（play）basketball.3.begoodwith“和…相处得好；擅于和…相处”。Areyougoodwithchildren你和孩子们相处得好吗

三.Herearetheresults.这是（调查）结果。here位于句首，句子要倒装。Hereis+单数名词。Hereare+复数名词.Eg：这是你的夹克___________________。四.1.百分数由percent来表示，构成：基数词+percent，常用“数词＋percentof＋名词”这一结构作主语时，谓语的单复数要看percentof后跟的名词，如果是可数名词复数，谓语应该用复数，如果是不可数名词，谓语应该用单数Thirtypercentofthestudents______(like)watchinggameshows.70percentofwater_______(be)saltywater(盐水)。五．surprised惊奇的，感到意外的1.besurprisedatsb./sth./doingsth.对…感到惊奇，Wearesurprisedatthenews.2.besurprisedtodosth.对做某事感到惊讶。I’mverysurprisedtomeetyouhere.3.besurprisedthat+从句.因…而感到惊讶。I’msurprisedthathecamehereontime.【拓展】surprising令人惊讶的toone’ssurprise令某人惊讶的是insurprise惊讶地；吃惊地六．theanswerstoquestions问题的答案thewaytosp去某地的路七.moststudents=mostofthestudents大多数学生1.most+复数名词.Mostbirdscanfly.大多数鸟儿会飞.__________大部分时间2.mostof+限定词+复数名词mostofthegirls,mostofmyfriends3.mostof+人称代词宾格mostofthem/us______thestudentslikereadingthestory.A.MostB.Mostof4.the+most+多音节形容词，表示最高级，意为“最”。Thisisthemostbeautifulflower.这是最漂亮的花。如果most前有不定冠词a，则表示“非常；很”，相当于very。Sheisamostbeautifulgirl.她是个非常漂亮的姑娘。八.although“虽然，尽管”。but意为“但是”。英语中，although与but不能同时使用。1.________itrained，theboysstillplayedoutside.=Itrained，___________theboysstillplayedoutside.2.AlthoughIgetupearly,Ican’tcatchtheearlybus.=Igetupearly,butIcan’tcatchtheearlybus.Mycousinknowsalotaboutgeography，heisonlyfouryearsold.A.becauseB.soC.although*However,shehassomebadhabits,too.然而她也有一些坏习惯。（教材第15页）however意为“然而，不过”。可以位于句首、句中、句末。但要用逗号与句子的其他部分隔开。Eg:Shewasill.However,shestillwenttowork.她病了，然而她依然去上班。辨析：but和howeverbut并列连词“然而，但是”。可直接连接前后两个句子，表转折关系。However副词“然而，但是”。不能直接连接句子，必须用逗号与句子隔开。Eg:1.Itbegantorain,,wewentouttolookfortheboy.天开始下雨了，但我们还是出去寻找那个男孩了。2.Itasunnymorning，verycold.这是个晴朗的早晨，但是却很冷。九.It’s+adj+（forsb.）+todosth.意为“（对某人来说）做某事是……的”。Eg：It’sveryimportanttolistencarefullyinclass.上课认真听讲很重要。It’seasyforustoswim.对我们来说游泳很容易。It’sveryhardforhimtostudyEnglish._____________________________________练习1.Itisveryimportantforus_______Englishwell.2.it’sverynice___you_______myparentsyourbestwishes.3.—Ioftenhavehamburgersforlunch.—You’dbetternot.It’sbadforyou________toomuchjunkfood.十.by+交通工具乘….by+时间到…..时（为止）by+地点在…..旁边【拓展】through和by的区别、through后常加名词表示手段媒介，throughexercise通过锻炼by后常加工具或v-ing,byworkinghard(bydoingsth.通过做某事)十一.suchas例如；像…这样。后面跟名称、代词、动词的ing形式Eg:Ihavealotofhobbies,suchas__________and___________.我有许多爱好，比如读书和唱歌。拓展：suchadj.&pron.这样的；那样的；类似的；作形容词时，其后修饰名词。Tomlivesinsuchalargehouse.汤姆住在一所这么大的房子里。such和so二者都有“如此；这样”的意思，但具体用法相异。such用来修饰名词，so用来修饰形容词或副词。①such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.(单数)②such＋adj.＋n.(复数/不可数名词)③so＋adj./adv.④so＋adj.＋a/an＋n.(单数)＝such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.(单数)⑤so＋many/few/much/little＋n.(复数/不可数名词)Heissuchacleverboy.＝Heissocleveraboy.It'ssuchfineweathertoday.Theydidn'thavesomuchtimetodotheirhomework.他们没有如此多的时间去做作业。十二.spend意为“度过”或“花费（时间、金钱）”。Eg:Comeandspendtheweekendwithus.来和我们一起度过周末吧。spendtime\moneyonsth.在...上花费时间或金钱.=spendtime\money（in）doingsth.花费时间或金钱做某事Hedidn’tspendmuchtimeonhishomework.=Hedidn’tspendmuchtime______________hishomework.Ispend200yuanonanewcoat.=Ispend200yuan________________anewcoat.Don’tspendtoomuchtimewatchingTV.=Don’tspendtoomuchtime_____TV.Healwaysspendhistimeplayingfootball.=Healwaysspendhistime______football.拓展比较：1.cost的主语是物sth.costssb.＋金钱/时间某物花了某人多少钱/时间。doingsth.costssb.＋时间做某事花了某人多少时间。2.take后面常跟双宾语，常见用法有以下几种：Ittakessb.＋时间/金钱＋todosth.做某事花了某人多少时间。例：Ittookthemthreeyearstobuildthisroad.他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。3.pay的基本用法是：(1)pay(sb.)moneyforsth.付钱（给某人）买……。例：Ihavetopaythem20poundsforthisroomeachmonth.我每个月要付20英磅的房租。(2)payforsth.付……的钱。例：Ihavetopayforthebooklost.我不得不赔丢失的书款。(3)paysb.付钱给某人。例:Theypayuseverymonth.他们每月给我们报酬。十三.throughprep.以；凭借；穿过Hebecamerichthroughhardworkandability.他凭借辛苦的工作和能力变得富有。Thesunlightwascominginthroughthewindow.through，across，overthrough意为“穿过”，指从物体的里面穿过。across意为“穿过”，指从物体的表面通过。over意为“越过；跨过”，指越过一个有高度的物体。Theywalkedthroughtheparkaftersupper.Iswamacrosstheriverandfeltverytired.Canyoujumpoverthetable?

十四.however“然而，不过”。可以位于句首、句中、句末。但要用逗号与句子的其他部分隔开。Eg:Shewasill.However,shestillwenttowork.她病了，然而她依然去上班。辨析：but和howeverbut直接连接前后两个句子，转折的意味比however强，特别表示非常明显的对比，。However“然而，但是”。不能直接连接句子，必须用逗号与句子隔开。Eg:1.Itbegantorain,___________,wewentouttolookfortheboy.2.Itasunnymorning，___________verycold.这是个晴朗的早晨，但是却很冷。十五.morethan相当于over。意为“超过，多余”。Therearemorethan2000books.十六.lessthansix.少于6小时。lessthan意为“不到，少于”。其反义词为morethan\over“多余，超过”Eg：Shesleepslessthansevenhourseverynight.他每晚的睡眠时间不到7小时。WeknowTomfor20years.我们认识Tom超过20年了。拓展：less是little的比较级，Shehaslessmilkthanme.十七.find+宾语+名词,发现：Wehavefoundhim(tobe)agoodboy.find+宾语+形容词，发现：Hefoundtheroomdirty.find+宾语+现在分词，发现：Ifoundherstandingatthedoor.find+it+形容词+todosth.Ifounditdifficulttoworkoutthismathproble.I．用所给词的适当形式填空1.Isherlifestylethesameasyoursor_________Whatarethe________（different)2.Eatingfruitcanhelpyou＿___(get)morevitamins.3.Mydadwantsme____(be)alawyer.4.Theboyisdoing____(exercise)onthepaper.5.Thegirlistaking___(exercise)tokeephealthy.6.Thelittleboyis_____(exercise).7.She____(say)it'sgoodforyou.8.Eatingvegetableseverydayisa____(health)lifestyle.9.Theoldmandoesn'thave___(many)money.10.1don'tknowifBillis____(health).二、单项选择选出句中相应空白处的最佳答。()1.—Wouldyoulikesome_____todrink—No,thanks.A.tomatoes B.coffeeC.potatoesD.chicken()2.Shewasaquietgirl,butsheisvery_____now.A.beautiful B.lazyC.friendly D.active()3.—Areyoutirednow,Kate?—Sure(当然).Ican_____walkon.A.hardly B.often C.usually D.always()4Ieat_____meatbecauseIdon’twanttobetooheavy.A.lotsof B.much C.more D.less()5.Herlifestyleisthesame_____herbrother’s.A.as B.for C.with D.to()6.Myparentsarenotathome,soIhaveto_____mylittlesister.A.lookat B.looklikeC.lookafter D.lookout()7.—_____hoursdoyouexerciseeveryday—Two.A.Howlong B.HowfarC.HowmuchD.Howmany()8.—Howoftendoesyourmothershop—_____.A.OnceaweekB.ThreetimesC.fiveandsixtimesaweek D.Foraweek()9._____morefruitsandvegetablesisgood_____ourhealth.

A.Eating;toB.Eats;forC.Eating;forD.Eat;for

()10.Alotofvegetables___youtokeepingoodhealth.

A.makeB.wantC.tryD.help

()11.Peteris_____becausehehardlyeverexercises.

A.tiredB.happyC.healthyD.unhealthy

()12.Heknowsalot______heisstill(仍然)achild.

A.soB.althoughC.butD.or

()13.Mydad______alawyer(律师)whenIgrowup.

A.wantsmetoB.wantsmetobeC.becameD.wanted

()14.Mymother________surfstheInternet,shelikeswatchingTV.A.doesn’thardlyeverB.hardlyeverC.isn’thardlyeverD.hardlynever

()15.—______doeshedoontheweekend?

--Heoftenhelpshismotherwithhousework..

A.HowB.HowoftenC.WhatD.Howsoon

()16.--What_____youusually_____onweekends?

--Iusually______guitar.

A.did;do;playtheB.do;do;playC.do;did;playD.do;do;playthe()17.--Areyoulateforclass--_______.A.Yes,neverB.Yes,sometimesC.No,everD.No,usually()18.____hewastired,______hedidn’tstoptorest

A.Although,but;B.Although,/;c.though;but;()19.Canyouhelpme______thehouse?

A.cleaningB.withcleanC.ofcleaningD.clean()20.Lisa______eighthourseverynight.Whataboutyou?

A.eatsB.drinksC.playsD.sleeps一.根据要求完成句子。1,__________Billusuallydo__________比尔周末通常做什么2_________doyou____theInternet______aweek.你多久上一次网每周两次。3.SheoftenreadsEnglishbooks.（改为一般疑问句）________sheoften________Englishbooks?4.Myparentswantmetobeadoctor.（对划线部分提问）________________yourparentswantyoutobe?5.MyfavoritemovieisMrBean.（对划线部分提问）________________yourfavoritemovie?6.Doyouliketodrinkmilk（作否定回答）________,I________.7.Mygrandpakeepsingoodhealth.（改为同义句）Mygrandpa________________.

8.Hegoestotheparkthreetimesaweek.(对划线部分提问)

_____________________doeshegotothepark

9_______I’m_________________unhealthy也许我有点不健康10.牛奶对健康有利Milk______________foryourhealth.二.单项填空1.—Howoftendoesheexercise—______________________.A.HeistwelveB.HeexercisesbybusC.TwiceaweekD.Aboutonehour.2.Myfatherwantsme_______________vegetableseveryday.A.toeatB.EatingC.eatD.eats3.80%studentslikethewatch.Whatdoes“80%”mean_____________.A.NoneofthestudentsB.AllthestudentsC.SomeofthestudentsD.Mostofthestudents4.HaveyoueverbeentoHaiNanNo,______________________.A.everB.neverC.sometimesD.usually5.Mikeisa_______________boy.Hedoesexerciseeveryday.A.healthB.unhealthyC.he