人教版高中英语必修5Unit2知识点详解

人教版高中英语必修5Unit2知识点详解人教版高中英语必修5Unit2知识点详解人教版高中英语必修5Unit2知识点详解人教版高中英语必修5Unit2知识点详解编制仅供参考审核批准生效日期地址：电话：传真:邮编:Unit2TheUnitedKingdomPart1.Warmingup1.DothisquizandfindouthowmuchyouknowabouttheUK.knowabout=knowof了解beknownas…作为…而出名beknownfor…因。。。而出名Kateiswell-knownasapoet,butnorforspeeches.asfarasoneknows据某人所知makeoneselfknowntosb.自我介绍2.HowmanycountriesdoestheUKconsistof?

consistvi.组成；在于；一致consistentadj.一致的；调和的consistence=consistency一致性consistof=bemadeof由……组成注意consistof没有被动语态和进行时态。consistin...存在于……；在于……consistwith...与……一致beconsistentwith...与……一致运用完成句子(1)这个俱乐部由大约50名会员组成。Thisclub____________about50members.(2)理论应与实践相一致。Theoryshould______________________________practice.(3)这个计划妙就妙在简明扼要。Thebeautyoftheplan_______________itssimplicity(4)你的行为和你所说的不一致。Yourconductisnot_______________whatyousay.consistsofconsistwith/beconsistentwithconsistsinconsistentwith3.WhorulestheUK..rule（1）v.统治，管辖；控制，支配；判定，裁定rule(over)sb./sth.统治者ruleonsth.对。。。判定，裁定rule+n.控制，支配Alexandriaruled(over)alargeempire.亚历山大大帝统治着一个庞大的帝国。Don’tletthedesireformoneyruleyourlife.不要让追求金钱的欲望控制了你的生活。Heletshisheartrulehishead.他感情用事。Itisuptothecourttoruleonthismatter.这件事由法院来裁定。（2）n.(官方的或公认的)规则，章程，规章，条例It’sagainsttheruletohandletheballinfootball.用手触球在足球比赛中是违反规则的。Part2.Pre-reading,readingandcomprehending1.Englandcanbedividedintothreemaino把……分成dividesth.(out/up)between/amongsb.把某物分配给某人divideAbyBA除以B辨析o/separate...from(1)o是把一个整体分割成若干部分。(2)separate...fromseparate指把原来连在一起或靠近的人或物分离开来，常与from连用。运用完成句子(1)我们分成几个小组吧。Let's________________________severalgroups.(2)孩子们，你们把这个蛋糕分了吃吧。Children,________thecakeupbetween/amongyou.(3)如果你把二十除以四，那么商是五。Ifyou________20________4,theansweris5.(4)台湾海峡把台湾岛和福建省分隔开。TheTaiwanStrait_____________Taiwandivideourselvesintodividedivideyseparatesfrom2.YoucanclarifythisquestionifyoustudyBritishhistory.如果你学习了英国历史,就能弄清楚这个问题。词语归纳clarifyvt.阐明;解释vi.变得清晰clarification(n.)阐明，解释，澄清clarifyone’sposition/stand澄清某人的立场3.NowwhenpeoplerefertoEnglandyoufindWalesincludedaswell.这是“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的结构。有此用法的还有keep。find+宾语+过去分词/现在分词/副词/介词短语/形容词/名词Wefoundagroupofchildrenplayingontheplayground.(doing作宾补)Wehavefoundhimadishonestperson.(名词作宾补)I'msogladtofindyouin.(副词作宾补)Wefoundtheshopclosed.(done作宾补)根据中文提示完成句子(1)Ifound___________(钱包被偷了)whenIgottothecinema.(2)Whenthelittleboywokeup,hefound________(自己躺在医院里)．mywalletstolenhimselflyinginthehospital4.HappilythiswasaccomplishedwithoutconflictwhenKingJamesofScotlandbecameKingofEnglandandWalesaswell.高兴的是当苏格兰的James国王成为英格兰和威尔士的国王时，这三个国家和平地实现了联合。阅读下列句子,注意accomplish的意思。Thedelegateaccomplishedtheirmissionsuccessfullyandreceivedawarmwelcomeathome.代表团顺利地完成了使命，回国受到了热烈的欢迎。（vt.完成）Theydidn，taccomplishthepurposedesired.（vt.实现,达到）他们没有达到预期的目的。Shehasaccomplished95yearsofherlife.（vt.走完,度过）她已达九十五高龄。阅读下列句子,注意conflict的意思。TheconflictbetweentheemployerandtheworkersdrewtheattentionoftheBoardofTrade.(n.冲突，冲突)劳资纠纷引起了贸易委员会的重视。Youraccountofthemineaccidentconflictswiththereality.(vi.与……相反，抵触)你对矿难的报道和事实相反。5.However,thesouthernpartofIrelandwasunwillingandbrokeawaytoformitsowngovernment.然而，爱尔兰南部并不愿意,因此脱离出去建立了自己的政府。◆词语归纳breakawayfrom逃脱，摆脱，破除，改掉breakdown崩溃，身体垮了，（计划）失败，（机器等）坏了breakinto强行闯入breakin插话breakup破碎,破裂,（会议）结束，学期结束breakoff中断,断绝breakout爆发，突然发生用break短语的适当形式填空Thepoormanwassounlucky.Amonthago,somestrangers(1)_________hishouseandtookhimontoatruck.Hedidn'tknowwhotheywereandwheretheywouldgo.Alltheconnectionwithhisfamilywas(2)_________.Aftersomedays'drive,thetrucksuddenly(3)___________.Andhecaughtthechanceto(4)___________________thestrangers.brokeintobrokenoffbrokedownbreakawayfrom6.Totheircreditthefourcountriesdoworktogetherinsomeareas(e.g.Thecurrencyandinternationalrelations),..值得赞扬的是，虽然这四个国家的确在一些方面共同合作，例如在货币和国际关系上，……do/did/does+动词原形结构用来加强谓语动词的语气，相当于“的确；真的；务必”Docomeearlynexttime.Hedidgotherewithhisbrotheryesterday.即时强化练习：翻译下面句子务必记住带一束花来。.【答案】Doremembertobringabunchofflowers.2)那药对病人真的有效果。.【答案】Themedicinedoeshavesomeeffectonthepatient.短语toone'scredit值得表扬的是oncredit赊购；赊账dosomeonecredit(或docredittosomeone)为某人增光；给某人带来荣誉Theworkdidcredittoallofus.那项工作为我们所有人带来荣誉。根据语境猜词义(1)Doyouplaceanycreditinthegovernment'sstory?(2)Hehasn'tenoughcreditstogethisdegree.(3)Theyestablishedacreditfor100,000dollarsinfavourofme.(4)Althoughtheinventionwasmine,Iwasgivennocreditforit.根据语义找匹配A.信任B.借款；贷款C.赞扬，荣誉，功劳D.学分7.Englandisthelargestofthefourcountries,andforconvenienceitisdividedroughlyintothreezones.在这四个国家中,英格兰最大,为了方便起见,它大致被划分为三个地区。（1）conveniencen.方便,便利的事物,方便的时候,便利品convenientadj.方便的,便利的inconvenientadj.不方便的注意：convenient做表语时，主语不能是人。itisconvenientforsb.todosth.方便某人做某事atone’sconvenience在……方便的时候fortheconvenienceof为……方便起见beconvenienttosb.对某人方便for(thesakeof)convenience为了方便起见makeaconvenienceofsb.(乘机)利用某人ifitsuitsone’sconvenience如果对某人方便conveniencefood/store方便食品/便利店◆即学即练根据括号内的汉语提示完成句子。(1)Comeandseemewhenever____________.（你方便的时候）(2)Ikeepmyreferencebooksnearmydesk___________.(以求方便)(3)Gasisoneofthe_____________(现代化便利设施)thenewly-builtapartmentbuildingprovides.(4)Youmaycomeandgetit_____________.(你方便时)答案：(1)itisconvenienttoyou(2)forconvenience(3)modernconveniences(4)atyourconvenience翻译句子①你如果方便就来看看我。②你明天方便开始工作吗

①Comeandseemeifitisconvenienttoyou.②Willitbeconvenientforyoutostartworktomorrow?

（2）根据语境猜词义(1)Theroughwavesrolledtheshipalong.(2)Theclothfeelsrough.(3)Don'tbesoroughwithher.(4)Themigrantworkershavehadaroughlife.(5)Thisisjustaroughplan.根据语义找匹配A．粗略的；大概的B．狂暴的；颠簸的；波涛汹涌的C．粗野的；粗暴的；厉害的D．粗糙的；高低不平的E．艰苦的答案(1)B(2)D(3)C(4)E(5)AIt’sapitythattheindustrialcitiesbuiltinthenineteenthcenturydonotattractvisitors.It’sapitythat....it作形式主语根据语境猜词义(1)Itriedtoattractherattention,butfailed.(2)Veniceisoneofthegreattouristattractionsoftheworld.根据语义找匹配A.具有吸引力的事物B.吸引链接attractionn.吸引；吸引力；吸引人的东西attractiveadj.有吸引力的attractone'sattention吸引某人的注意力用attract的正确形式填空InBeijing,therearemany(1)_________,liketheGreatWall,theSummerPalace,theTian'anmenSquare.Butwhat(2)________memostistheGreatWall,whichisalso(3)________totheforeigners.Moreandmoreforeignersare(4)________bythebeautyandcometoattractionsattractsattractiveattracted9.Youfindmostofthepopulationsettledinthesouth.....settlev.安家，安居；解决settlern.定居者settledadj.固定（下来）的，安定的settlementn.定居reachasettlement和解settledown定居下来settlein(使）熟悉或习惯于（新居、工作等）settleaquestion=solveaquestion解决问题It’ssettledthat....=It’snowdecided(that)....已决定10.Whichcountryisleftout?

leaveout遗漏；不提及；不包括leave…alone不管；别惹；撇下。。。一个人leaveaside搁置一边leavefor动身去leaveoff停止某事leaveout删去，省去leavesth.behind留下；遗忘(没拿)；遗留leavesb.doingsth.让某人一直做某事leaveword留下话（口信）用leave短语的适当形式填空IwasworkingbusilywhenIgotmywife'scallthattherewassomethingwrongwithmyson.SoIhadto(1)______thework______.Justthen,mysecretarycamein,tellingmesomethingaboutthetomorrow'smeeting.Ishoutedather,‘Don'ttalktome.(2)_______me______.”ThenIwrotealettertomymanagerfor3days'off.Afterthat,I(3)_____myoffice____myhometown.leaveasideLeavealoneleftfor11.Forexample,NorthernIreland,EnglandandScotlandhavedifferenteducationalandlegalsystemsaswellasdifferentfootballteamsforcompetitionsliketheWorldCup!例如，北爱尔兰、英格兰、和苏格兰在教育体制和立法体制上都着不同。在参加世界杯之类的比赛时，他们有着各自的足球队！复习aswellas用法12.YoumustkeepyoureyesopenifyouaregoingtomakeyourtriptotheUnitedKingdomenjoyableandworthwhile.如果你想要使你的英语之旅令人愉快又不虚此行的话，你就必须留心观察。复习keep,worthwhile及worth,worthy的区别be(well)worthdoingbeworthyofbeingdonebeworthytobedoneIt’sworthwhiletodosth.It’sworthwhiledoingsth.Part3.LearningaboutLanguagetaketheplaceof代替，取代takeplace发生；举行（不及物动词词组，无被动语态）takeone’splace取代某人的职务inplaceof=insteadof代替，取代inplace在适当的位置；在原处inthefirstplace最初，首先，第一.用place的短语填空：(1)Weinstructedhertoleaveeverything________________，justasshefoundit.(2)MrSmithwillgotoBeijingnextmonth，whenanewEnglishteacherwillteachus__________him.(3)Sendinge­mailhasalmost________________writingletters.(4)Canyoutellmewhatchangeshave____________sincethetelephonewasinvented?答案：(1)inplace(2)inplaceof(3)takentheplaceof(4)takenplacepickup（1）拾起，捡起Jack

turned

over

the

wallet

he

had

picked

up

in

the

street

to

the

police.

杰克把在街上捡到的钱包交给了警察｡

He

picked

up

the

dictionary

at

hand

and

began

to

look

up

the

new

word

in

it.

他拿起手边的词典开始查找这个生词｡

（2）中途搭载乘客，接人The

train

stopped

several

times

to

pick

up

passengers.

火车沿途停了好几次,让乘客上车｡

Wait

here

and

I’ll

pick

you

up

at

two

o’clock.

在这儿等着,两点钟我来接你｡

（3）

意外发现，学到，获得Looking

through

the

evening

paper

last

night,I

picked

up

a

wonderful

poem.

昨晚在浏览晚报时,我意外发现了一首好诗｡

While

working

in

the

factory,the

students

picked

up

a

great

deal

of

imformation

on

machinery.

在工厂劳动期间,学生们学到了许多关于机械方面的知识｡

（4）收拾，整理The

teacher

told

the

students

to

pick

up

everything

on

the

floor

and

get

the

room

tidy

before

they

went

out.

老师告诉学生们在出去之前把地上的东西收拾起来,把房间整理干净｡

（5）重提(话题)，重新开始，继续She

picked

up

the

story

where

she

had

left

it

yesterday.

她接着昨天没有讲完的故事往下讲｡

He

left

for

two

years

and

then

came

back

expecting

to

pick

up

where

they

had

left

off.

他离开(她)两年后又回来了,希望重新开始他们的关系｡

（6）(从电台､收音机)收听，接收I

managed

to

pick

up

an

American

news

broadcast.

我设法收听到一家美国电台的新闻广播｡

It

is

necessary

to

use

a

long

wave

radio

to

pick

up

the

“Follow

Me”

program.

必须用一台长波收音机才能收听到“跟我学”这个节目｡

Theyhadnotimetoarrangetheirownwedding....arrangev.安排；排列；协商常用结构：arrangefor(sth)安排,准备arrangesth.forsb.为某人安排某事It’snotnecessaryforparentstoarrangeeverythingfortheirchildren.父母没有必要为孩子安排好一切。arrangetodosth.安排做某事arrangeforsb.todosth.安排某人做某事arrangewithsb.aboutsth.与某人商定某事arrangethat+(should)dosth.安排Hearrangedthatthemeeting(should)beputoffforaweek.=Hearrangedforthemeetingtobeputoffforaweek.他已安排好将会议延期一周。语境活用Noweverythingfortheconferencetobeheldtomorrow（已准备就绪）.Ihave(安排Tom开车去接)theexpertsattheairport.I’mto(安排接见)Mr.Wangafterthat.答案：hasbeenarrangedarrangedforTomtopickuparrangetomeet语法精讲过去分词作宾补作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语之间的关系1.及物动词（短语）的过去分词用作宾语补足语时，宾语即是过去分词的逻辑宾语，宾语和过去分词之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。例如：Iwanttheletterposted.我想把这封信寄出去。2.少数不及物动词如go,change,fall等的过去分词作宾语补足语时，仅表示动作完成。因此，宾语与过去分词之间不存在逻辑上的被动关系。例如：Shefoundhernecklacegoneonherwayhome.在回家的路上，她发现项链不见了。3.动词seat,hide,dress,lose,devote等的过去分词作宾语补足语一般表示状语而不表示被动的意义，因此，虽然宾语与它们存在逻辑上的主动关系，但也只能用它们的过去分词作宾语补足语。例如：WhenIcamein,Ifoundastrangegirlseatedinthecorner.我进来时，发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。需用过去分词作宾语补足语的情况1.使役动词get,have,make,keep，leave等后，可用过去分词做宾语补足语，表：“致使某人或某事被…”Weshouldkeeptheminformedofwhatisgoingonhere.Janegotherbadtoothpulledoutatthedentist’s.2.感官动词feel,find,hear,notice,see,watch等表示感觉和心理状态的动词之后，表：“感受到某人或某事被做”。IwassleepingwhenIheardmynamecalled.Hewasdisappointedtofindhissuggestionsturneddown.Isawhimbeatenbyhismother.3.表示“意欲；命令”的动词如：like,order,want,wish,相当于过去分词短语前省略了tobe，表示“希望/要求某人或某事被做”Iwishtheseletters(tobe)typedassoonaspossibleHedidn’twantsuchquestiondiscussedatthemeeting.Thefatherwantshisdaughtertaughtthepiano.使役keep,leave,get,have,make看watch,notice,see,lookat,observecatch听hear,listento,感feel闻smell发现find情感want,wish,like+Sth./sb.done4.有时过去分词作宾补可以变为被动语态，这时过去分词改作主语补足语，说明主语所处的状态.Thedoorwasfoundbroken.5.“with＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，过去分词用作介词with的宾语补足语。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。例如：Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishandstiedbehindhisback.凶手被带进来了，他的双手被绑在背后。（表方式）Withwaterheated,wecanseethesteam.水一被加热，我们就会看到水蒸气。（表条件）Withthemattersettled,weallwenthome.事情得到解决，我们都回家了。（表原因）注意：在这一结构中，当宾语为某一身体部位，且作宾补的动词是及物动词时，身体部位通常是过去分词的逻辑宾语，因而过去分词不可换用现在分词。Shestoodinfrontofhim,withhereyesfixedonhisface.她站在他面前，眼睛注视着他（fixone’seyeson为固定短语，因此，不可将句中fixed换为fixing）Hestoodforaninstantwithhishandstillraised.他仍然举着手站了一会儿。用某些不及物动词的分词形式作身体部位的宾补时，用现在分词的形式。Shefeltherheartbeatingfast.她觉得心跳很快。（beat意为“心跳”，是不及物动词）掌握“使役动词have+宾语＋过去分词”的几种含义在“have＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，过去分词作宾语补足语，have也可用get.这一结构具有以下几种含义：1.意为“主语请别人做某事”。例如：Hewantstohavehiseyesexaminedtomorrow.他明天想去检查眼睛。（“检查”的动作由医生来进行）2.意为“主语遭遇、遭受某一不愉快、不测的事情”。例如：Becareful,oryou'llhaveyourhandshurt.当心，否则会弄伤手的。3.意为“使完成某事”，事情既可以是别人做完，也可以由主语参与完成。例如：Hehadthewallspaintedthismorning.他今早把墙漆了。（主语自己可能参与）4..过去分词与不定式,现在分词作宾补的区别:三者与宾语逻辑上都是主谓关系，但过去分词强调他们之间的被动关系，不定式强调动作发生的全过程，现在分词强调他们之间的主动关系，正在进行。Isawhertakenoutoftheclassroom.Isawhercomeintotheclassroom.Isawhercomingintotheclassroom.省略to的情况：1）情态动词(除ought外，oughtto)：2）使役动词let,have,make：3）感官动词see,watch,lookat,notice,observe,hear,listento,smell,feel,find等后作宾补，省略to。注意：在被动语态中则to不能省掉。Isawhimdance.=Hewasseentodance.Thebossmadethemworkthewholenight.=Theyweremadetoworkthewholenight.语法专练1．LiHuahopesthathisEnglishteacherwillsuggestagoodwaytohavehisEnglish________inashortperiodoftime.A．improved B．improvingC．toimprove D．improve解析：句意为：李华希望他的英语老师提出一个好方法，能使他的英语可以在短时间内得以提高。本题考查havesth.done这一短语的使用。因English与动词improve之间是被动关系，故选A项。B、D项表主动关系，故排除。答案：A2．(2011·厦门市质量检查)Whentheministercametothesnow­strickenarea，hewashappytoseethedisastervictimswell________.A．takecareof B．tookcareofC．takencareof D．takingcareof解析：考查非谓语动词。从句子的结构和语意可以看出victims与takecareof存在逻辑上的动宾关系，因此使用被动形式，在句中充当宾语补足语。答案：C3．(2010·上海卷)Lucyhasagreatsenseofhumourandalwayskeepshercolleagues________withherstories.A．amused B．amusingC．toamuseD．tobeamused解析：句意为：Lucy很有幽默感，总是讲故事让她的同事消遣。考查非谓语动词作宾补。首先排除C、D，因为keep后不用不定式作宾补。amused觉得好笑的；amusing逗人笑的，令人觉得好笑的。答案：A4．(2011·西安质量检测)Thegirlglancedoverhershoulderandfoundherself________byayoungmaninblack.A．wasfollowed B．followedC．following D．hadbeenfollowed解析：考查非谓语动词。根据语意可知，follow和herself之间是动宾关系，因此用动词的过去分词形式作宾语补足语。注意：found后不是句子，A、D两项可直接排除。答案：B5．Televisionhassomanyadvantages.Itkeepsus________aboutthe________news，anditalsoprovidesentertainmentinthehome.A．informed；latest B．toknow；laterC．learning；later D．tothink；latest解析：本题考查keepsb.done的结构以及形容词的最高级的用法。句意为“电视有如此多的好处，它使我们知道最新的消息，而且给我们在家里提供娱乐”。根据句意可知第一个空白处应用informed作us的宾语补足语，表示“我们被告知”，而thelatestnews则表示“最新消息”。答案：A6.(2012·浙江温州第一次适应性测试)Thebathroomlookslovely.Didyoudecorateityourselforgetsomeone__________it?

A．bedoing B．doneC．do D．todo解析：选D。该句考查getsb.todosth.结构，表示“让某人做某事”，所以这里选D项。7.(2012·哈师大附中，东北师大附中,辽宁省实验中学第一次联考)Mrs.Whitefoundherhusbandsurroundedbylettersandpapersand__________veryworried.A．look B．looksC．looking D．tolook解析：选C。句意：怀特夫人发现她的丈夫被信件和文件包围着，看起来非常担心。surroundedbylettersandpapers和lookingveryworried都是分词短语作宾语补足语，前者表示被动,后者表示主动。8.(2012·厦门市质量检查)WhentheMinistercametothesnowstrikenarea,hewashappytoseethedisastervictimswell________.A．takecareof B．tookcareofC．takencareofD．takingcareof解析：选C。考查非谓语动词。从句子的结构和句意可以看出victims与takecareof存在逻辑上的动宾关系，因此使用被动形式，在句中充当宾语补足语。9.(2012·陕西西安八校联考)“Oncepeoplethinkyouarealiar，it’shard________，nomatterwhatyou’llsay,”fatherwarnedhisson.A．foryoutomakeyourselfbelieveB．foryoutomakeyourselfbelievedC．ofyoutomakeyourselfbelievingD．ofyoutomakeyourselfbelieve解析：选B。考查句型Itishardforsb.todosth.和词组makeoneselfdone。句意为：父亲警告儿子说：“一旦人们认为你是个骗子，那么无论你说什么，都很难让人相信你。”10.(2012·陕西西安质检)—CanIhelpyou，sir?

—I’mafraidyoucannot.Ihavemystudents’papers________.A．tobegraded B．gradedC．tograde D．grade解析：选C。所填词作使役动词have的宾语补足语，逻辑主语是have的宾语mystudents’papers，两者是被动关系，用不定式的主动式表被动的意义,选C项。Part4.UsingLanguageWorriedaboutthetimeavailable.....(1)worriedabout...为过去分词短语作状语，表原因。①Well­knownforhisexpertadvice，hewasabletohelpagreatnumberofpeoplewiththeirpersonalaffairs.他的足智多谋广为人知，因此他能帮助很多人解决私事。②Deeplymovedbythestory，thechildrenbegantocry.被故事深深地感动，孩子们开始哭了起来。③WhenIopenedthedoor，Ifoundhimseatedinthechair，absorbedinhismagazine.当我打开门，发现他坐在椅子上，专心看杂志。(2)availableadj.可利用的；有用的；可用到的We’vealreadyusedupalltheavailablespace.所有可用的空间我们都用上了。可得到的TVsetsareavailableinanydepartmentstore.电视机在任何一家百货公司都能买到。有空的Thedoctorisnotavailablenow.那位医生现在没空。有效的Thisfilmticketisnolongeravailable.这张电影票不再有效。HerfirstdelightwasgoingtotheTower.delightn.快乐;高兴;喜悦vt.使高兴；使欣喜常用结构:take/find/havedelightin喜爱;以……为乐toone’sdelight令某人高兴的是……delightin(doing)sth.喜欢（做）某事delightsb.withsth.某物使某人高兴bedelightedatsth./todosth./that-clause对……感到高兴Sometimesanoldmoviecanstilldelightthepeoplewhohaveasweetmemoryfortheolddays.有时一部旧片仍能给怀念旧时光的人们带来喜悦。ThemovieXiYangyang&HuiTailanggavedelighttomillionsofchildren.电影《喜羊羊与灰太郎》使千万小朋友获得快乐。Hisparentsweredelightedatthenewsthathehadwonthefirstprize.Hetakesgreatdelightinprovingotherswrong.他以证实别人出错为一大快事。(1)单项填空,thebooksellergavehimsomethingelseasapresent.A.Totheboy’sdelightB.Totheboy’ssurprisingC.Totheboy’ssadnessD.Tomaketheboy’shappy（2）翻译句子①他的表演使观众感到满意。②唱歌是她的主要爱好。③年轻人喜欢旅行。解析：(1)选A。考查固定搭配。toone’sdelight意为“使某人高兴的是”，常用的名词有surprise,excitement,disappointment,joy等。(2)①Hedelightedtheaudiencewithhisperformance.②Singingisherchiefdelight.③Theyounghave/take/finddelightintravels.3.Thissolidstone,squaretowerhadremainedstandingforonethousandyears.这座坚实的用石头砌的方形塔已经屹立在那一千年了。remain的用法：用作联系动词，指某人或某事物仍保持某种状态，意为“仍然；依旧”，“留；呆；住；待”，后面可接名词、代词、形容词、介词短语、分词作表语。接名词作表语Itremainedasecret.这仍然是个秘密。接形容词作表语Whateverachievementsyou’vemade,youshouldremainmodest.无论你取得多么大的成就，你都该保持谦虚。接介词短语作表语Hehadtoremaininhospitaluntilhewasbetter.他不得不一直住院直到身体好些。接分词作表语接过去分词作表语,表示主语所处的状态或已经发生的被动动作；现在分词作表语，表示正在进行的主动动作。Theguestscamein,butsheremainedsittingatthedeskreading.客人们都来了，但她还坐在写字台旁读书。Asbefore,heremainedunmoved.他和以往一样无动于衷。用作不及物动词，意思是“剩下；剩余；遗留”，此时不能用进行时态，也没有被动语态。Afterthefire,verylittleremainedofhishouse.火灾过后，他的家所剩无几。Aftertheearthquake,verylittleremainedofthecityofTangshan.地震过后，唐山这座城市所剩无几。指某事“尚待、有待于以后被处置”，后面常接不定式的被动形式，表示主语是不定式的承受者。Manyproblemsremaintobesolved.有好多问题尚待解决。Itremainstobeseenwhetheryouareright.你是否正确，以后见分晓。remain作名词remain作名词时表示“剩余物”,一般用其复数形式。ThearcheologistsfoundsomeremainsoftheSongDynasty.考古学家发现了一些宋代遗迹。remaining的用法remaining是形容词,意为“剩余的”,常作前置定语；而left则只能作后置定语。Therearestillsomeapplesleft.还剩余一些苹果。Iboughtagiftforherwiththeremainingmoney.我用剩余的钱给她买了一件礼物。4.TherefollowedStPaul’sCathedralbuiltaftertheterriblefireofLondonin1666.接着参观的是圣保罗大教堂，它是公元1666年伦敦大火以后建造的。句式分析Therefollowed意为接着，随后，是倒装句型。当here,there位于句首时,主语是名词且没有宾语时,句子需要完全倒装,即整个谓语动词提到主语之前。与此用法相同的还有now,then,thus,in,out,away,down,up,off,back,over等。如:Awayflewtheplane.飞机起飞了。Outcamemyaunt.我姑姑出来了。句式仿写孩子们冲了出来。Outrushedthechildren.5.Itlookedsplendidwhenfirstbuilt!刚建成的时候，它看起来真是金碧辉煌！whenfirstbuilt相当于whenitwasfirstbuilt。在状语从句中，若前后主语一致，且从句中含有be动词，可以把从句中的主语和be动词省略。Whenfirstintroducedtothemarket,thegoodsenjoyedawonderfulsuccess.当首次引入市场时，这种产品就取得了巨大的成就。归纳拓展状语从句的省略除上述情况外，还有以下几种情形：(1)从属连词+形容词。如：①Thearticleisveryimportantthough(itis)short．那篇文章虽然短，但很重要。Cometomorrowif(itis)possible．可能的话就明天来吧。(2)从属连词+名词。常用的连词有when，till和until等。如：①Pleasestopmakingrepairstothetruckuntil(youget)furthernotice．请停止修理这辆卡车，等候进一步通知。②)While(hewas)yetayouth，hegainedmanyprizes．他年轻时就曾多次获奖。(3)从属连词+现在分词。如：shesattherealoneasif(shewere)thinkingofsomething．她独自坐在那儿，像是在想什么。(4)从属连词+副词。如：While(hewas)there，hemadeafewgoodfriends．在那里的那段时间他结交了几位好朋友。(5)从属连词+介词短语。如：①Whenever(youare)indifficulty，youcancometomeforhelp．你无论什么时候遇到困难，都可以找我帮忙。②Hecaughtacoldwhile(hewas)onvacation．他度假时患了感冒。6.Itcontainedstatuesinmemoryofdeadpoetsandwriters,suchasShakespeare.inmemoryof为了纪念词汇扩展：memoryn.记性；记忆力memorizev.记住，记忆（某事物）memorialn.纪念碑，纪念物memorableadj.值得纪念的，容易记住的7.TheseconddaythegirlvisitedGreenwichandsawitsoldshipsandfamousclockthatsetstheworldtime.第二天，(萍玉）姑娘参观了格林尼治天文台，看到了古老的轮船和那座著名的为世界定时的钟。set

相关短语①set

about

（doing)开始做(某事)

The

girl

attendant

has

set

about

cleaning

the

room.

那位女服务员已开始打扫房间。

②

set

apart

分开放,

隔离开

Set

the

fighting

boys

apart.

把打架的男孩拉开。

③

set

aside

把......放置一旁,

不理会

Setting

the

chair

aside,

he

sat

on

the

floor.

他把椅子搁到一旁,

坐在地板上。

I

warn

them

not

to

do

it,

but

my

objections

were

set

aside.

我警告他们不要那样做,

但他们没有理会。

④

set

down

记下

He

was

asked

to

set

down

the

facts

just

as

he

remembered

them.

他被要求根据记忆把事实写下来。

⑤

set

off

出发,

动身

He

proposed

to

set

off

immediately.

他建议立即动身。⑥

setout(todo)着手做1.动身,

出发

A

visitor

arrived

just

as

we

were

setting

out

for

the

airport.

我们正要前往机场时来了一位客人。

2.着手,

开始

The

government

has

set

out

to

make

many

needed

reforms.

政府开始进行许多必要的改革。

⑦

setup创立；成立setforth陈述；阐明settheworldtime调整世界时间setanexampleto给。。。树立榜样set...free释放setfireto/set...onfire点火setsail起航8.Whatinterestedherwasthelongitudeline.最令她感兴趣的是经纬线。Whatinterests/interestedsb.(most)is/was...最令某人感兴趣的是……9.ItseemedstrangethatthemanwhohaddevelopedcommunismshouldhavelivedanddiedinLondon.这似乎很奇怪：这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过，并且在伦敦去世。句中that引导的从句为主语从句，在主语从句中whohaddevelopedcommunism为定语从句。在“Itis/wasnecessary/important/strange/incredible”及“Itisapity/ashame/nowonder”之后由that引导的主语从句中用“should+v.”的形式，should可省略。此处“shouldhave+v.ed分词”结构用来表示“竟然已经……;居然已经……”，表示说话人对已经出现的事态感到“惊奇、惊喜、怀疑”等。Itisnecessarythathe（should）besentthereatonce.有必要马上派他到那里去。Itisstrangethatthewheelshouldturnsoslowly.真奇怪，这个轮子竟然转动得如此慢。Itisagreatpity/shame/thatheshouldbesoconceited.真遗憾，他竟会这样自高自大。单项填空①—IthinkI’llgiveBobaring.—You.Youhaven’tbeenintouchwithhimforages.A.WillB.mayC.havetoD.should②fired,yourhealthcareandotherbenefitswillnotbeimmediatelycutoff.A.WouldyoubeB.ShouldyoubeC.CouldyoubeD.Mightyoube解析：①选D。should意为“应该”，多表示某事宜做、应当做或必须做，强调主观方面。根据所提供的情景“Youhaventbeenintouchwithhimforages”可知，由于多年没有联系，所以应该给Bob打电话。will意为“将”。may意为“可以”。haveto意为“不得不”，表示因客观原因不得不做某事。②选B。考查虚拟条件句的倒装。虚拟条件句的从句部分含有were,should或had时,可省略if，再把were,should或had移至从句的句首，变为倒装。句意为：即使你被解雇了，医疗保障和其他福利也不会立刻中断。10.Butshewasthrilledbysomanywonderfultreasuresfromdifferentculturesdisplayedinthemuseum.thrillvt.使激动；使胆战心惊n.兴奋；紧张It'sasightthatneverfailstothrillme.那是一种永远让我激动不已的景象。(1)givesb.athrilltodosth./ofdoingsth.做某事让某人感到激动(2)thrilledadj.兴奋的，激动的bethrilledat/about/withsth.对某事感到兴奋(3)thrillingadj.令人感到兴奋的(2010·福建厦门六中高三检测)Tomwasthrilledcaptainofourschoolfootballteam.A.tochooseB.tobechosenC.tohavebeenchosenD.tohavechosen解析：动词不定式的完成式作主语补足语。choose动作发生在“thrill”之前，故用完成式。答案：C11.Shefeltveryproudofhercountry.be/feelproudof=takepridein为。。。感到骄傲12.Youmayhaveafewproblemsunderstandingtheguide.haveproblems(in)doingsth.haveno/some/muchdifficulty/trouble(in)doingsth.做某事无/有些/许多困难13.consider的不同含义及其相应的句型consider意为“考虑”时,其后可跟:1）名词或代词:Wemustconsiderthematterfromdifferentstandpoints.我们应当从各个角度来考虑一下这件事。Wemustconsideritverycarefully.我们应仔细地考虑它。2）从句:Wemustconsiderwhat”stobedone.我们必须考虑该怎么办。Heconsideredhowheshouldanswer.他考虑应当怎样回答。3）“疑问词＋不定式”:Haveyouconsideredhowtogetthere你是否考虑过如何到那里

Wehavetoconsiderwhatmaterialtousefirst.我们先得考虑用什么材料。注意:consider作“考虑”解时,不能直接接不定式。4）动名词:Heconsideredgoingtoseetheminperson.他考虑亲自去看望他们。Heisconsideringchanginghisjob.他在考虑调换一下工作。consider意为“认为,以为,把……看作”,其后可跟:1）从句:Weconsiderthatafriendinneedisafriendindeed.我们认为患难之友才是真正的朋友。2）名词的复合结构（即名词作宾语补足语）:WeconsiderBeijingtheheartofourcountry.我们认为北京是我国的心脏。3）带形容词的复合结构:Theyconsideredmetooyoungtodothework.他们认为我太年轻,干不了这项工作。4）带不定式的复合结构:Weconsideronlysuchmethodstobecorrect.我们认为只有这样的方法才是正确的。注意:不定式后主要是be,间或为其它动词（多为完成式）。WeallconsideredhimtohavestolenTom”swallet.我们都以为是他偷了汤姆的钱包。5）带介词短语的复合结构:Wealwaysconsiderthesepeopleasourtruecomrades.我们一向认为这些人是我们真正的同志。6）带“it形式宾语＋形容词＋真正宾语（动词不定式、从句等）”:Weconsideritourdutytohelpher.我们认为帮助她是我们的职责。IconsideritagreatpleasurethatIcanworkwithyou.我觉得能和你在一起工作是极大的快乐。注意:consider作“认为”解时,一般不接动名词。重点句型14Thereisnoneedtodebateanymoreaboutwhydifferentwordsareusedtodescribethefourcountries.没有必要再去争论为什么要用不同的词去描述这四个国家。thereisnoneedtodosth.没有必要做某事联想拓展thereisnodoubtthat...………是毫无疑问的thereisnopossibilitythat...……是没有可能的there’snopointindoingsth.做……没用/没意义It’snogood/noharm/nousedoingsth.做某事没有好处/害处/用处there’snouse/nogood/nopoint（in）doingsth.做某事没有用处/好处/意义Itisnowonderthat...难怪……Thereisnoneedtoworryatall.根本没必要着急。Thereisnopointincomplaining;theynevertakeanynotice.埋怨没用，人家根本不理睬。运用所学语言基础知识，补充完整下面短文，并背诵 (1)_______________(没有必要)todebateaboutthefactthatnoothermuseumcan(2)___________________(取代)theBritishMuseum,whichisan(3)______________(吸引)fortouristsfromallovertheworld.TheBritishMuseum(4)_____________(由……组成)nineshow-rooms,oneofwhichistheshow-roomofChina.It(5)_______________(被分成)severalpartstodisplaydifferentobjectsfromChina.Whenyoulookaroundtheshow-room,itmayseemstrangetoyouthatBritainshouldhavetakensomanyvaluablethingsfromChina.Foryourvisitingthemuseum,ifyoudon'thaveenoughtime(6)_______________(可利用的)anddon'twantto(7)_______________(漏掉)anything,myonlysuggestiontoyouisthatyou(8)_________________(列清单)thethingsyouwanttoseeandkeepyoureyesopenduringthevisit.答案：Thereisnoneedtaketheplaceofattractionconsistsofisdividedintoavailableleaveoutmakealistof跟踪训练Ⅰ.单项填空1．(2011·高考课标全国卷)They__________havearrivedatlunchtimebuttheir