广东高考英语阅读理解专项训练

阅读理解Peoplewhofrequentlyeatfruitaremorelikelytoreportgreaterpositivementalwellbeingandarelesslikelytoreportsymptomsofdepressionthanthosewhodonot,accordingtonewresearchfromtheCollegeofHealthandLifeSciences,AstonUniversity.Theteamalsofoundthatpeoplewhoeatsavoury(咸味的)snackssuchascrisps(薯片),whicharelowinnutrients,aremorelikelytoreportgreaterlevelsofanxiety.PublishedintheBritishJournalofNutrition,thestudysurveyed428adultsfromacrosstheUKandlookedattherelationshipbetweentheirconsumptionoffruit,vegetables,sweetandsavourysnacks,andtheirpsychologicalhealth.Theresearchfoundthatbothnutrient-richfruitandnutrient-poorsavourysnacksappearedtobelinkedtopsychologicalhealth.Theyalsofoundthattherewasnodirectassociationbetweeneatingvegetablesandpsychologicalhealth.Basedonthesurvey,themoreoftenpeopleatefruit,thelowertheyscoredfordepressionandthehigherformentalwellbeing,independentoftheoverallquantityoffruitintake.Bycontrast,therewasnolinkbetweentheseeverydaymemorylapses(差错)andfruitandvegetablesintakeorsweetsnacks,suggestingauniquerelationshipbetweenthesenutrient-poorsavourysnacks,everydaymentallapses,andpsychologicalhealth.Leadauthor,PhDstudentNicola-JayneTuckcommented,“Verylittleisknownabouthowdietmayaffectmentalhealthandwellbeing,andwhilewedidnotdirectlyexaminecausalityhere,ourfindingscouldsuggestthatfrequentlysnackingonnutrient-poorsavouryfoodsmayincreaseeverydaymentallapses,whichinturnreducespsychologicalhealth.”“Itispossiblethatchangingwhatwesnackoncouldbeareallysimplewaytoimproveourmentalwellbeing.Conversely,itisalsopossiblethattheforthcomingrestrictionofprocessedsnacksatcheckouts,duetocomeinthisOctober,couldnotonlyimprovethecountry’sphysicalhealth,butmentalhealthtoo.”“Overall,it’sdefinitelyworthtryingtogetintothehabitofreachingforthefruitbowl.”1．Whichmayleadtogreaterlevelofanxiety?A．Savourysnacks. B．Fruit. C．Vegetables. D．Grain.2．Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph2?A．Richfruitappearsnottobelinkedtopsychologicalhealth.B．Themorefruitpeopleeat,thelowertheyscorefordepression.C．Thereisarelationbetweenthenutrient-poorsnacksandmentalhealth.D．Thereisadirectlinkbetweeneatingvegetablesandpsychologicalhealth.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“causality”inparagraph3referto?A．Therelationbetweenfruitandvegetables.B．Therelationbetweenexerciseandhealth.C．Therelationbetweensnacksandmentalhealth.D．Therelationbetweendietandmentalhealthandwellbeing.4．Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A．EatinghabitscanpreventdiseaseB．EatingunhealthysnacksoftenisharmfultohealthC．EatingvegetablesoftencanimprovementalhealthD．EatingfruitoftenmaycontributetomentalhealthIfyou’retakingthetraininSwitzerland,yourfirststopshouldbetheSwissFederalRailways(SBB)website.Exceptforafewscenicroutes,SBBrunsalltheregional,commutertrains,andhigh-speedtrainsinthecountry.Kinds●R,RE,andIRareregionaltrainsthatareslower,cheaper,andstopatallormoststationsbetweentwomajorcenters.●ICorICN(theNisfor“night”)arefasttrainsthatconnectmajorcitiesbutdonotstopatsmallertownsalongtheway.●SorS-Bahntrainsarefrequentcommutertrainsthatconnectcitiesandsuburbs.IfyoumissanStrain,there’susuallyanotheronecomingsoonafter.ServiceTheSBBwebsitesellsone-wayorround-tripticketsbetweenSwisscitiesandothercitiesinEurope.TheyalsosellCityTickets,includingthetraintothatcity,publictransportationinthetown,andatravelpassthattypicallyallowsaccesstoseveraltouristicsites.WaysofbuyingticketsTopurchaseaticketorresearchscheduleoptions,typeinyourpoint-to-pointdestinationsfirstandpreferredtraveltime.Youcanselectthetrainthatworksbestforyou.Onceyou’veselectedyourroute,enteryourpassengerinformation.You’llhavetheoptiontopurchaseaCityTicket.Completeyourpurchasewithacreditcard.Youwillbeissuedavoucher(票券).TipsChildrenbelow16yearsofagetravelfree.ButyoumustpickupaSwissFamilyCardbeforetraveling.Fortravelerswithdisabilities,select“Barrier-freetravel”fromthepull-downmenulabeled“Standardview”toseeonlytrainsthathavewheelchair-accessiblecarriages.Yourticketwillnotshowaseatreservation.IfyoubuyticketsattheSBBcounterorofficeinthetrainstation,you’llhavetheoptionofreservingaseatinadvance.5．WhichofthefollowingisthefeatureofS-Bahntrains?A．Theyrunfrequently. B．Theyarecheapandslow.C．TheystopatallcitiesinEurope. D．Theyonlyconnectmajorcities.6．Whatshouldyoudofirstwhenbuyingaticket?A．Insertyourcreditcard. B．Inputyourcoins.C．Inputyourdestination. D．Chooseyourpreferredtrain.7．Howcanyoubookaseat?A．BycallingSBBofficetobooktickets. B．BybuyingticketsattheSBBcounter.C．BybookingticketsatSBBwebsite. D．Bypayingsomeextramoney.Earthislightedupbybioluminescencebut,formanyofus,seeingthenaturalphenomenonisararetreat:Catchingtheglowofafireflyorwitnessingadolphinswimmingthroughelectricbluewatersisathrill.Researchersarecurrentlyengineeringglowingflowersanddecorativeplantsthatcancastagreenlightontoourlivingrooms.Observingaplant’shealthviaitsglowcanbeawaytoinstantlymeasureitshealth,andtheside-effectisanybodywhowantsahealthyglowingplantintheirlivingroomcanhaveone.AstudypublishedonMondayinNatureBiotechnologyshowsthatthisgoaliswellonitswaytobeingareality.Thestudyauthorsannouncethey’vecreatedamethodthatcausesplantstoglowmuchbrighter,andforalongerperiodoftime,thanpreviousefforts.Plantsadaptedbythismethodshouldbeavailableforpurchasewithinafewyears.TheresearchwasconductedthroughateamworkbetweenthreescientificinstitutionsandPlanta,abiotechstartupinMoscow.Whenthisteamexaminedapoisonousmushroom,theydiscoveredthatcaffeicacidisresponsibleforitsbioluminescence.Inthisnewstudy,theteamemployedthatinformationandinsertedenzymes—whicharespecifictothemushroom—intotheDNAoftobaccoplants.Inturn,theenzymeswereabletointeractwiththecaffeicacidinthetobaccoplants,andcausethemtoglowbothinthedarkandinthedaylight.Thismethod,thescientistsclaimed,madetheplants10timesbrighterthanpreviouseffortsandthecontinuouslightproductiondidn’tharmthehealthoftheplants.Interestingly,thelightdecreasedastheleavesaged—butitalsoincreasedwhentheleavesweredamaged.Inturn,theteamsuggestedthismethodcouldalsohelpotherresearchersmonitorplantresponsestovariouspressuresandchangesintheenvironment.Ifaplantisshortofwaterorahungrysheepisharmingaplant,bioluminescencecouldwarnofthisdamagebeforeit’stoolate.8．Howcanpeoplequicklyidentifyadecorativeflower’shealthcondition?A．Bymakingitgreener. B．Bymonitoringitsglow.C．Bytestingthechemicalsinit. D．Byputtingitinthelivingroom.9．Whatcanweexpectoftheadaptedglowingplants?A．Theywillappearonthemarket. B．Theymaytaketheplaceoflamps.C．Theycanlightupawholelivingroom. D．Theyglowlessbrightthanpreviousefforts.10．Whatdidtheteamdowiththemushroominthenewstudy?A．Theyinsertedcaffeicacidintoit.B．Theymadeitgiveoutbrighterlight.C．Theygrewitonthetobaccoplantfarm.D．Theyputitsenzymesintothetobaccoplants.11．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Warningofpotentialdamagefromglowingplants.B．Warningofthelightproduction’sharmtoplants.C．Effectsofcontinuouslightproductionontheglowingplants.D．Benefitsofcombiningspecificenzymeswithcaffeicacidinplants.AfterhereceivedtheChinaYouthMayFourthMedal,YangYongxiufeltagreatersenseofresponsibility.BorninaruralfamilyinShangqiu,HenanProvince,thefirstvehiclehedrovewasatractor(拖拉机).”WhenIwasachild,myfatherdrovemetothefarmduringfarmingseason,“hesaid.Yangdreamedofmakingcarswhenhegrewup.“Duringprimaryschool,Ioftenwenttoseethebusesontheroadnearmyvillage,”hesaid.”Theymadeadeepimpressiononme.”In2007,hetookgaokao,orChina’snationalcollegeentranceexamination,andscoredmorethanheneededtogetintoanundergraduateprogram.Tofulfillhisdream,hechosetostudynumericalcontroltechnologyattheChangchunAutomobileIndustryInstitute,whichhasalonghistoryoftrainingworkersfortheautomotiveindustry.Aftergraduation,YangjoinedtheresearchanddevelopmentdepartmentatFAW.Sincethen,thenow35-year-oldhasspecializedinnumericalcontroltechnologyandhasmasteredtheskillofmakingenginecylindersthatmeetextremelyhighstandards.Sofar,Yanghasbeengranted18nationalpatents,solvedaseriesofproduction-relatedproblemsandhelpedincreasethegroup’srevenueby12millionyuan.Atthebeginningof2020,Yangbecameatrainer.Heisnowresponsibleforteachingyoungworkersandcoachingthemforcompetitions.Hehastrainedabout700people,someofwhomhavewonawards,including23atthenationallevel.“Iamhappytohavebeenabletosetupsuchayoungteam,”hesaid.“Wehaveanaverageageof29,andIbelievethiswillhelpuscomeupwithmoreideasandenergizetheindustry,inadditiontodevelopingaspiritofcraftsmanship.”Lookingahead,Yangsaidhehasmoreworktodotobringinmoreyoungtalents.“Iwillcontinuetopromotetechnicalability,”hesaid.“Ihopewecanwriteanewchapterthroughthepowerofyouthinthefuture.”12．WhatledtoYang’sreceivingtheChinaYouthMayFourthMedal?A．Hisgreatcontributionsinhisfield. B．Hisinspiringchildhoodexperiences.C．Hispassionfortheautomotiveindustry. D．Hisoutstandingperformanceinhiscollege.13．WhydidYangchoosetostudyattheChangchunAutomobileIndustryInstitute?A．Tomeethisfather’swill. B．Tolearnhowtomakecars.C．TosaveChina’scarindustry. D．Tofindagoodjobaftergraduation.14．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Theyouthswillmakeabigdifferenceinthefuture.B．Chinaplacesmoreemphasisonautomobileindustry.C．Theyouthshavemademanyachievementsinmanyfields.D．Yang’sfutureworkistofurtherresearchteachingtechniques.15．Whatisthetext?A．Abookreview. B．Asciencestory. C．Anewsreport. D．Apersonaldiary.Pre-schoolchildrenwhospendtimetogethertakeononeanother’spersonalities,anewresearchhasfound.Thestudyshowsthatenvironmentplaysakeyroleinshapingpeople’spersonalities.Whilegeneticsstillformsthecentralpartofthehumanpsyche(心理),theresearchfindsthatpersonalitytraits(特征)are“contagious”(传染的)amongchildren.“Ourfindingfliesinthefaceofcommonassumptionsthatpersonalitycan’tbechanged,”saidDr.JenniferNeal,co-authorofthestudy.Theresearchersstudiedthepersonalitiesandsocialnetworksoftwopre-schoolclassesforafullschoolyear.Oneoftheclasseswasasetofthree-year-olds,andtheotherasetoffour-year-olds.Childrenwhosefriendswerehard-workingoroutgoinggraduallytookonthesepersonalitytraitsovertime.PsychologyexpertDr.EmilyDublinsaidkidsarehavingafarbiggereffectoneachotherthanpeoplemayrealize.Thenewstudyisnotthefirsttoexplorethecontagiouseffectsofpersonalitytraits.A2015psychologystudyfoundthatrudenessatworkcanbecontagiousasittravelsfrompersontoperson“likeadisease”.Thestudyfoundthatseeingabossbeingrudetoanemployeewasenoughtocausepeopletoberudetothosearoundthem.Theresearchersquestioned6,000peopleonthesocial“climate”intheirworkplaces,whichincludedoffices,hotelsandrestaurants.Theyfound75percentofthosewhotookpartsaidtheyhadbeentreatedrudelyatleastonceinthepastyear.Andthestudyalsosuggeststhatmerelyseeingotherpeoplebeingsubjectedtorudenessmadeitmorelikelythatapersonwouldtreattheircolleaguesinthesameway.Rudenesscouldincludeleavingsomeoneoffaninvitetoacompanyevent,sendingunkindemails,findingfaultwithothersorfailingtogivepraise.Dr.Torkelsonbelievescompaniesneedtobemoreawareoftheharmthatrudenessintheworkplacecandoasitcandamagetheworkingenvironment.Shesaidbettertrainingcouldhelptofightagainsttheproblem.16．AccordingtoParagraph2,whohavethegreatestimpactonchildren’spersonality?A．Theirparents. B．Theirfriends.C．Theresearchers. D．Thepsychologists.17．Whichofthefollowingisconsideredrudeattheworkplace?A．Ignoringthefaultsofco-workers.B．Notsendingemailstoworkmates.C．Seekingpraisefromcolleaguesandbosses.D．Notinvitingacolleaguetoacompanyparty.18．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．One’spersonalityishardtochange.B．One’spersonalityisshapedbygenes.C．One’spersonalitytraitscanspreadtoothers.D．One’spersonalitytraitscanchangeovernight.19．Thispassageismostprobablytakenfrom________.A．asciencereport. B．astudyguide.C．aschooltextbook. D．atechnicaljournal.Afriendofmine,inresponsetoaconversationwewerehavingabouttheinjusticesoflife,askedmethequestion,“Whosaidlifewasgoingtobefair,orthatitwasevenmeanttobefair?”Herquestionwasagoodone.ItremindedmeofsomethingIwastaughtasayoungster:lifeisn’tfair.It’sadisappointment,butit’sabsolutelytrue.Oneofthemistakesmanyofusmakeisthatwefeelsorryforourselves,orforothers,thinkingthatlifeshouldbefair,orthatsomedayitwillbe.It’snotanditwon’tbe.Oneofthenicethingsaboutsurrendering(屈从)tothefactthatlifeisn’tfairisthatitkeepsusfromfeelingsorryforourselvesbyencouragingustodotheverybestwecanwithwhatwehave.Weknowit’snot“life’sjob”tomakeeverythingperfect,it’sourownchallenge.Surrenderingtothisfactalsokeepsusfromfeelingsorryforothersbecauseweareremindedthateveryoneisdealtdifferently;everyonehasuniquestrengthsandproblemsintheprocessofgrowingup,facingtherealityandmakingdecisions,andeveryonehasthosetimesthattheyfeelunfairlytreated.Thefactthatlifeisn’tfairdoesn’tmeanweshouldn’tdoeverythinginourpowertoimproveourownlivesortheworldasawhole.Tothecontrary,itsuggeststhatweshould.Whenwedon’trecognizeoradmitthatlifeisn’tfair,wetendtofeelpityforothersandforourselves.Pity,ofcourse,isaself-defeatingemotionthatdoesnothingforanyone,excepttomakeeveryonefeelworsethantheyalreadydo.Whenwedorecognizethatlifeisn’tfair,however,wefeelenthusiasticforothersandforourselves.Andenthusiasmisaheartfeltemotionthatconveysloving-kindnesstoeveryoneittouches.Thenexttimeyoufindyourselfthinkingabouttheinjusticesoftheworld,tryremindingyourselfofthisverybasicfact.Youmaybesurprisedthatitcanmakeyououtofself-pityandintohelpfulaction.20．Theauthorthoughtofhisfriend’squestionasagoodonebecause________.A．likehisfriend,healsothoughtlifewasunfair.B．healsowantedtoknowwhoheldsuchanopinion.C．itmadehimrecallsomethingduringhischildhood.21．Surrenderingtothefactthatlifeisn’tfairwill________.A．makeusfeelsorryforunfairtreatment.B．makeusknowit’sourdutytoperfectthings.C．keepusfrommakingeverythingperfect.D．keepusfromdoingeverythinginourpower.22．Inthelastparagraph,“thisverybasicfact”referstothefactthat________.A．youshouldnotpityforothers. B．lifeisn’tandwon’tbefair.C．compassionisheartfeltemotion. D．pityisaself-defeatingemotion.23．Accordingtotheauthor,whenrecognizinglifeinjustice,youmay________.A．feelpitytootherpeople. B．donothingtoimproveourlife.C．receiveenthusiasmfromothers. D．takemeasurestosolvelifeproblem.Doyouwantapart-timejobtoearnsomeextramoney?Checkoutthelistandfindonethatsuitsyourfancy.TECHNICALSUPPORTItseemsalmosteveryonehasafriendwhoisatechnicalgenius.Suchpeopleearnmoneyusingtheirtalent.Ifyouareoneofthem,youcouldberesponsiblefortechnicalsupportinyourcollegeoruniversityandgetyourpart-timejob.Youcanenjoytheprocessofearningmoneywhiledoingyourfavoritething.TUTORAlotofstudentshireatutortohelptheminhighschoolorcollege.Ifyouaregoodatsomesubjects,whynotworkasapeertutor?Youhelpyourfriendsandearnmoneyatthesametime.Ifyouknowforeignlanguages,youcanmakemoremoney.Allyouneedtodoistomakeanappropriateadvertisementofyourservicesusingcollegenewspapers.Oneofthebestthingsaboutbeingatutoristhatyoucansetyourhours.FITNESSINSTRUCTORIfyourcollegeoruniversityhasafitnesscenterandifyouareasportyperson,goandsignuptogetthisjob.Youwillhaveanabsolutefreeopportunitytoengageyourselfinsports.Youneedtobeagoodpsychologist,becauseyouaregoingtoworkwithpeopleandit’llbeyourjobtopersuadeandmotivatethemtobecomesporty,healthyandstrong.Beingafitnessinstructorisaperfectpositionforthosewholovetohelpotherpeopleandwanttomakemorefriends.OFFICEWORKERNowadaysmanycompaniescooperatewithcollegestudentsgivingthempart-timejobs.Someofthemajorjobdutiesofanofficeworkerareansweringcallsandschedulingappointments.Ifyouareinterestedindoingthisjob,contacttherepresentativesofdifferentcompaniestofindoutifthey’recurrentlyhiringanyone.24．Ifyouwanttohaveaflexibleschedulewhileearningsomemoney,whichofthefollowingsuitsyoumost?A．Tutor. B．Technicalsupport.C．Fitnessinstructor. D．Officeworker.25．WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Thefourkindsofpart-timejobsareintendedforcollegestudents.B．Ifyouworkasafitnessinstructor,youshouldbesportyandsociable.C．Asapart-timeofficeworker,youareresponsibleforansweringemails.D．Ifyouaregoodatforeignlanguages,youareabletoearnmoreasatutor.26．Howcanonegetajobasapart-timeofficeworker?A．Throughanonlineinterview.B．Bysubmittingtheapplication.C．Byadvertisingonthenewspaper.D．Bycontactingtherepresentativeofthecompany.Americahasmorethanenoughfoodforeveryonetoeat.Buteachyear,billionsofpoundsofperfectlygoodfoodgotowaste.Meanwhile,34millionfacehungerintheUnitedStates.Asthecountry’slargestfoodrescueorganization,FeedingAmericapartnerswithfoodmanufacturers,grocerystores,restaurants,andfarmerstorescuefoodanddeliverittofoodbanksservingourneighbors.Eachyear,108billionpoundsoffoodiswastedintheUnitedStates.Thatequatesto130billionmealsandmorethan$408billioninfoodthrownawayeachyear.Shockingly,nearly40%ofallfoodinAmericaiswasted.Foodgoestowasteateverystageoffoodproductionanddistributionfromfarmerstopackersandshippers,frommanufacturerstoretailerstoourhomes.Foodwasteinourhomesmakesupabout39%ofallfoodwaste—about42billionpoundsoffoodwaste,andcommercialfoodwastemakesupabout61%ofallfoodwasteor66billionpoundsoffoodwaste.FeedingAmericafocusesonreducingfoodwasteonfarmsandinfoodservice,manufacturing,andretail.Lastyear,theFeedingAmericanetworkandourpartnersrescued4.7billionpoundsofgroceries.Thatfoodwentdirectlytomealsforpeoplefacinghunger.ThismakesFeedingAmericathelargestfoodrescueorganizationinthecountry.Foodrescue,orfoodrecovery,isthepracticeofcollectinghigh-qualityfoodthatwouldotherwisegotowasteanddistributingittopeoplefacinghunger.Weworkwithmanufacturers,retailers,andfarmerstoreducefoodwasteandgetrescuedfoodtopeopleinneed.Weidentifyfoodatriskofgoingtowaste,offerrescuedfoodtofoodbanks,safelyshipfoodoverlongdistancesandkeepfoodfreshlongeronceitreachesafoodbank.27．WhatdoweknowaboutthefoodinAmerica?A．Itisbarelyenough. B．Itisquiteabundant.C．Itiseasilyavailable. D．Itisincreasinglyinsufficient.28．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“equatesto”inparagraph3mean?A．Consumes. B．Multiplies. C．Wastes. D．Equals.29．HowdoestheauthorrevealthefoodwasteinAmerica?A．Bymakingcomparisons. B．Bylistingreasons.C．Bypresentingdata. D．Byofferingexamples.30．WhatdoesFeedingAmericaactuallydo?A．Itteachespeoplehowtogrowfood. B．Itsavesfoodfrombeingwasted.C．Iturgesgovernmenttotakeaction. D．Itaimstorelieveworldhunger.Thesecond-largestcityinSwitzerlandafterZurich,Genevahasagoodpositiononthesouth-westernendofLakeGeneva,intheFrench-speakingpartofSwitzerland.VisitorstoGenevawillfindacleanandelegantcity.HerearesomebestthingstodoinGeneva.CatchtheSprayfromtheJetd’EauInstalledin1886tocontroltheoutflowofwaterfromanearbypowerstation,theJetd’Eau(waterjet)soonbecameasymbolofthecityofGeneva.Itshootswaternearly140metersintotheairandisoneofthetallestfountainsintheworld.Unlesswindsaretoostrong,theJetd’Eaurunseverydayandisilluminated(照亮)atnight.TourthePalaisdesNationsConstructedinthe1930sastheheadquartersoftheshort-livedLeagueofNations,thePalaisdesNations(PalaceofNations)isamajortouristattraction.Visitorsarefreetowanderitormayjumpinonanhour-longguidedtourofseveralofthebuildings.TakeaBreakattheJardinAnglais&theFlowerClockAllroadsinGenevaseemtoleadtotheJardinAnglaisasmall,prettilyplantedlakefront(湖边平地)gardeninthecenterofGeneva.Crowdsgatherherefortheflowerclock,anoversizedtimepiecewithseasonalflowers.Plentyofsittingareas,matureshadetrees,andacentralfountainmakethisarelaxingplacetotakeabreakfromsightseeing.Stroll(漫步)alongtheLakefrontandRiversideTheJardinAnglaisisjustoneofseveralplacestoadmirethelakeandtheJetdEau.Theentirelakefrontisfitforstrolling.Thereare6milesoffootpathsandbikepathsalongtheentirelakefront.Swanspassbyduringtheday,andatnight,theriversideandsurroundingbuildingsareromanticallylit.31．WhydidpeoplebuildtheJetd’Eau?A．Torecyclewaterforanearbypowerstation.B．Tomakeitthetallestfountainintheworld.C．Tocontroltheoutflowofwaterfromapowerstation.D．TomakeitasymbolofthecityofGeneva.32．WhatmaypeoplegototheJardinAnglaisfor?A．Plantingsomeflowersinthegarden. B．Goingsightseeingfortheflowerclock.C．PracticingtheirFrenchinthegarden. D．Buyingcheapseasonalflowers.33．WhatdotheriversideandtheJetd’Eauhaveincommon?A．Theyhavebeautifullightsatnight. B．Theyhaveinvitingfountains.C．Theyhaveswansinthelake. D．Theyhavepathsforbicycles.参考答案1．A2．C3．D4．D【导语】本文是说明文，介绍了经常吃水果的人比不吃水果的人有更积极、健康的心理，更不容易有抑郁症状。1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Theteamalsofoundthatpeoplewhoeatsavoury(咸味的)snackssuchascrisps(薯片),whicharelowinnutrients,aremorelikelytoreportgreaterlevelsofanxiety.(研究小组还发现，吃营养素含量低的咸味薯片等零食的人更可能显示更高的焦虑水平)”可知，咸味小吃更容易导致更大程度的焦虑。故答案为A。2．推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“Theresearchfoundthatbothnutrient-richfruitandnutrient-poorsavourysnacksappearedtobelinkedtopsychologicalhealth.(研究发现，营养丰富的水果和营养贫乏的咸味零食似乎都与心理健康有关)”可知，营养不良的零食与心理健康存在一定的关系。故答案为C。3．词义猜测题。根据第三段NicolaJayneTuck所陈述的“Verylittleisknownabouthowdietmayaffectmentalhealthandwellbeing,andwhilewedidnotdirectlyexaminecausalityhere,ourfindingscouldsuggestthatfrequentlysnackingonnutrient-poorsavouryfoodsmayincreaseeverydaymentallapses,whichinturnreducespsychologicalhealth(关于饮食如何影响心理健康和幸福，我们知之甚少，虽然我们没有直接研究因果关系，但我们的研究结果可能表明，经常吃营养不良的美味食物可能会增加日常的精神失调症，进而降低心理健康)”可知，“wedidnotdirectlyexaminecausality”呼应前一句中的“Verylittleisknown”，所以划线词等同于前一句的“howdietmayaffectmentalhealthandwellbeing”。因此D选项“饮食与心理健康和幸福之间的关系”符合题意。故答案为D。4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其第一段的“Peoplewhofrequentlyeatfruitaremorelikelytoreportgreaterpositivementalwellbeingandarelesslikelytoreportsymptomsofdepressionthanthosewhodonot,accordingtonewresearchfromtheCollegeofHealthandLifeSciences,AstonUniversity.(阿斯顿大学健康与生命科学学院的一项新研究显示，经常吃水果的人比不吃水果的人更有可能表现出积极的心理健康，更不容易出现抑郁症状)”文章主要介绍了经常吃水果的人比不吃水果的人有更积极、健康的心理，更不容易有抑郁症状。所以D选项“Eatingfruitoftenmaycontributetomentalhealth.(经常吃水果有助于心理健康)”符合文章标题。故答案为D。5．A6．C7．B【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了瑞士联邦铁路网站的相关信息，包括火车的种类、提供的服务、买票方式和小贴士。5．细节理解题。根据Kinds下第三个黑点“SorS-Bahntrainsarefrequentcommutertrainsthatconnectcitiesandsuburbs.IfyoumissanStrain,there’susuallyanotheronecomingsoonafter.(S或S-Bahn列车是连接城市和郊区的频繁通勤列车。如果你错过了S火车，通常不久就会有另一列火车。)”可知，S-Bahn列车是频繁通勤列车，错过一辆，下一辆也会很快到达。所以S-Bahn列车的特点就是运行频繁。故选A。6．细节理解题。根据Waysofbuyingtickets下“Topurchaseaticketorresearchscheduleoptions,typeinyourpoint-to-pointdestinationsfirstandpreferredtraveltime.(要购买火车票或研究行程选项，请先输入您的点对点目的地和首选旅行时间。)”可知，当买火车票的时候，首先要输入目的地。故选C。7．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Yourticketwillnotshowaseatreservation.IfyoubuyticketsattheSBBcounterorofficeinthetrainstation,you’llhavetheoptionofreservingaseatinadvance.(您的火车票不会显示座位预订。如果您在火车站的SBB柜台或办公室买票，您可以选择提前预订座位。)”可知，在火车站的SBB柜台或办公室买票才可以提前预定座位。题干中的book和原文中的reserve是同义替换，都表示“预订”。故选B。8．B9．A10．D11．D【导语】本文是说明文，介绍了对发光植物的相关研究。8．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Observingaplant’shealthviaitsglowcanbeawaytoinstantlymeasureitshealth,andtheside-effectisanybodywhowantsahealthyglowingplantintheirlivingroomcanhaveone.(通过植物的发光来观察植物的健康状况是一种即时衡量植物健康状况的方法，副作用是任何人都可以在客厅里养一棵健康的发光植物)”可知，通过植物的发光来观察植物的健康状况是一种即时衡量其健康状况的方法。故选B。9．推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“Plantsadaptedbythismethodshouldbeavailableforpurchasewithinafewyears.(用这种方法培育的植物在几年内就可以买到)”可知，用这种方法改良的植物应该在未来几年内就能买到。由此可推断，发光植物未来会出现在市场上。故选A。10．细节理解题。根据第四段第三句“Inthisnewstudy,theteamemployedthatinformationandinsertedenzymes—whicharespecifictothemushroom—intotheDNAoftobaccoplants.(在这项新研究中，研究小组利用这些信息，将蘑菇特有的酶插入烟草植物的DNA中)”可知，在这项新的研究中，该团队采用了这一信息，并将该蘑菇所特有的酶植入烟草植物的DNA中。故选D。11．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Thismethod,thescientistsclaimed,madetheplants10timesbrighterthanpreviouseffortsandthecontinuouslightproductiondidn’tharmthehealthoftheplants.Interestingly,thelightdecreasedastheleavesaged—butitalsoincreasedwhentheleavesweredamaged.Inturn,theteamsuggestedthismethodcouldalsohelpotherresearchersmonitorplantresponsestovariouspressuresandchangesinthe