《英语词汇学》模拟试卷三(含答案)

PAGEPAGE7《英语词汇学》模拟试卷三（含答案）Choosethebestanswerandthenputtheletterofyourchoiceinthebrackets.(30%)Englishwordsmayfallintothebasicwordstockandnonbasicvocabularyby .usefrequency B.originC.pronunciation D.notion ( )Therewas agreementbetweensoundandforminOldEnglishthanModernEnglish.less B.abitlessC.more D.abitmore ( )TheearlyinhabitantsoftheBritishIsleswere .Scandinavians B.RomansC.Germans D.Celts ( )ModernEnglishisregardedasa/an language.analytic B.inflectedC.synthetic D.advanced ( )Theword“internationalist”doesnotcontaina/an .boundmorpheme B.stemC.inflectionalmorpheme D.freemorpheme ( )Theprefix“dis-“in“disloyal”isa prefix.reversative B.negativeC.pejorative D.locative ( )Theword“dorm”isformedbyclippingthe .backofaphrase B.frontofawordC.backofaword D.frontofaphrase ( )Theoverwhelmingmajorityofblendsare .nouns B.adverbsC.verbs D.adjectives ( )Wordsarebutsymbols,manyofwhichhavemeaningonlywhentheyacquired .motivation B.referenceC.concepts D.association ( )Thestatusofwordseitherassuperordinateorsubordinateis towords.stable B.fixedC.consistent D.relative ( )Themeaningof“lip”in“thelipofawound”hasexperienced .associatedtransfer B.degradationC.extension D.elevation ( )A.aparagraphB.participantsC.awholechapterD.theentirebook( )AmbiguityarisesduetothefollowingexceptA.aparagraphB.participantsC.awholechapterD.theentirebook( )Ambiguityarisesduetothefollowingexcept .A.homonymyB.polysemyC.synonymyD.structure( )Intheidiom“fromcradletograve”, isused.A.personificationB.metaphorC.synecdocheD.metonymy( )Theoretically,a/an dictionaryisacompleterecordofallthewordsinuse.A.deskB.unabridgedC.pocketD.specialized( )13.14.15.Completethefollowingstatementswithproperwordsorexpressionsgiventhecoursebook.(15%)Norwegian,Icelandic. andSwedisharegenerallyknownScandinavianlanguages.Englishwordsmayfallintocontentwordsandfunctionalwordsby .Nowpeoplegenerallyreferto asOldEnglish.ModernEnglishvocabularydevelopsthroughthreechannels:creation, changeandborrowing.Pronounsand enjoynation-wideuseandstability,butaresemanticallymonosemousandhavelimitedproductivityandcollocability.OldEnglishwasahighly languagelikemodernGerman.Blendingistheformationofnewwordsbycombining ofwordsorawordplusapartofanotherword.Semanticmotivationexplainstheconnectionbetweenthe andfigurativesenseoftheword.Synonymscanbeclassifiedintotwogroups: synonymsrelativesynonyms..Whenwetalkaboutcontext,weusuallythinkof context,hardlyawareof thenon-linguisticcontext..Themore theidioms,themorefixedthestructure.Changesofwordmeaningaredueto factorsandextra-linguisticfactors.Synonymsmaydifferintherangeand ofmeaning.Themeaningofawordmaybeinfluencedbythe inwhichoccurs.Thisiscalledgrammaticalcontext.Sofarasthelanguageisconcerned,LongmanDictionaryofPhrasalVerbsregardedasa dictionary.Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalseandthenputinbracketstheletter“T”ifthestatementistrueor“F”ifitisfalse.(15%)Prepositions,conjunctions,pronouns,numeralsandarticlesallbelongtofunctionalwords. ( )Withthedevelopmentofthelanguage,moreandmoredifferencesarosebetweensoundandform. ( )Thechieffunctionofsuffixesistochangethemeaningsofstems. ( )Thereisnofreemorphemeintheword“prediction”. ( )Therearemanywordswhichhaveboththesameconceptualmeaningandthestylisticmeaning. ( )ThewordssuchasBBC,VOA,NATOandUFOareinitialisms. ( )Grammaticalmeaningofawordbecomesimportantonlywhenitisusedinactualcontext. ( Suchwordsas“miniskirt”and“reading-lamp”areregardedasmorphologicallymotivatedwords. ( Radiationdescribesasemanticprocesswhereeachofthelatermeaningsisrelatedonlytotheprecedingonelikechains. ( Theambiguityofthesentence“Isawherduck,”isthoughttobecausedbyinadequategrammaticalcontext. ( Extra-linguisticcontextcanexercisegreaterinfluenceonthemeaningsofwordsthanwerealize. ( Intheidioms,suchas“screamandshout”,“pickandchoose”and“oddsandends”,alliterationisused. ( )Idiomsareexpressionswhichareeasilyunderstandablefromtheliteralmeaningsofindividualwords. ( LDCEisfamousforitswidecoverageofnewwords,newmeaningsandnewusages. ( Specializeddictionarieshavethecharacteristicsofbothlinguisticdictionariesencyclopedia. ( )Answerthefollowingquestions.(20%)Whatistherelationshipbetweensoundandmeaning?Giveexamplestoillustrateyourpointofview.Whatisconversion？Whatarethecharacteristicsofconversion?Whatisreference?Whatarethecharacteristicsofreference?Whatarethetwomajorfactorsthatcausechangesinmeaning?Howareclassified?Whatisadictionary?Whatistherelationshipbetweenadictionarylexicology?Analyzeandcommentonthefollowing.(20%)Analyzethemorphologicalstructuresofthefollowingwordsandthenpointouttypesofmorphemes.lion-hearted contradiction workersReadthesentencecarefully.Ifyoufindanythinginadequate,explaintheandthenimprovethesentence.Thefishisreadytoeat.I.选择题

《英语词汇学》模拟试卷(三)参考答案1.A 2.C 3.D 4.C 5.C 6.B 7.C 8.A 9.B10.D 11.A 12.B 13.C 14.D 15.BII.填空题1.Danish2.notion3.Anglo-Sensity10.linguistic14.structure11.idiomatic15.monolingual12.lexicalIII.是非题1.F2.T3.F4.T5.F6.F7.T8.T9.F10.F11.T12.T13.F14.T15.F问答题1.Therelationshipbetweensoundandmeaningisalmostalwaysarbitraryandconventional,andthereisnologicalrelationshipbetweensoundandmeaning.Thesameconceptcanberepresentedbydifferentsoundsindifferentlanguages.Forexample,‘woman’becomes‘Frau’inGermanand‘femme’inFrench.Ontheotherhand,thesamesound/mi:t/isusedtomean‘meat’,‘meet’,and‘mete’.Conversionistheformationofnewwordsbyconvertingwordsofoneclasstoanotherclass.Thesewordsarenewonlyinagrammaticalsense.Sincethewordsnotchangeinmorphologicalstructurebutinfunction,thisprocessisalsoknownasfunctionalshift.Wordsproducedbyconversionareprimarilynouns,adjectivesandverbs.Referencereferstotherelationshipbetweenlanguageandtheworld.Bymeansreference,aspeakerindicateswhichthingsintheword(includingpersons)arebeingtalkedabout.Thereferenceofawordtoathingoutsidethelanguageisarbitraryandconventional.Referenceisakindofabstraction,butwiththehelpofcontext,itcanrefertosomethingspecific.Thetwomajorfactorsthatcausechangesinmeaningare:linguisticfactorsandextra-linguisticfactors.Linguisticfactorsincludeshortening,theinfluxofborrowingsandanalogy.Extra-linguisticfactorsincludethehistoricalreason,theclassreasonthepsychologicalreason.AdictionaryisabookwhichpresentsinalphabeticorderthewordsofEnglish,withinformationastotheirspelling,pronunciation,meaning,usage,rulesofandinsome,theiretymology.Itiscloselyrelatedtolexicology,whichdealswiththesameproblems:theform,meaning,usageandoriginsofvocabularyunits.论述题Eachofthethreewordsismadeupof