2018年英语高考全国卷二(含答案)

绝密★启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1•答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2•作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。3•考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5短对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.WhatdoesJohnfinddifficultinlearningGerman?Pronunciation.B.Vocabulary.C.Grammar.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?Colleagues.B.Brotherandsister.C.Teacherandstudent.仅供个人学习参考Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabank.B.Ataticketoffice.C.Onatrain.A.Inabank.B.Ataticketoffice.C.Onatrain.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Arestaurant.B.Astreet.C.Adish.5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherinterview?A.Itwastough.B.Itwasinteresting.C.Itwassuccessful.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分A.Arestaurant.B.Astreet.C.Adish.5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherinterview?A.Itwastough.B.Itwasinteresting.C.Itwassuccessful.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。WhenwillJudygotoaparty?A.OnMonday.B.OnTuesday.WhatwillMaxdonext?A.Flyakite.B.Readamagazine.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。C.OnWednesday.C.Dohishomework.8.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoingatfirst?A.Goingtoaconcert.B.Watchingamovie.9.Whatdothespeakersdecidetodo?C.Playingacomputergame.VisitMike.Goboating.Takeawalk.VisitMike.Goboating.Takeawalk.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。仅供个人学习参考Whichcolordocatsseebetterthanhumans?A.Red.B.Green.C.Blue.A.Red.B.Green.C.Blue.Whydocatsbringdeadbirdshome?Toeattheminasafeplace.Toshowofftheirhuntingskills.Tomaketheirownershappy.Howdoesthemansoundattheendoftheconversation?Whydocatsbringdeadbirdshome?Toeattheminasafeplace.Toshowofftheirhuntingskills.Tomaketheirownershappy.Howdoesthemansoundattheendoftheconversation?A.Grateful.Humorous.C.Curious.A.Grateful.Humorous.C.Curious.听第9听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。WhoisMacy?Ed'smother.Ed'steacher.Ed'sfriend.Ed'smother.Ed'steacher.Ed'sfriend.HowdoesEdusuallygotokindergarten?HowdoesEdusuallygotokindergarten?A.Bycar.B.Onfoot.C.Bybus.A.Bycar.B.Onfoot.C.Bybus.WhatdoesEdenjoydoingatthekindergarten?WhatdoesEdenjoydoingatthekindergarten?A.Tellingstories.B.Singingsongs.C.Playingwithothers.A.Tellingstories.B.Singingsongs.C.Playingwithothers.WhatdotheteacherssayaboutEd?WhatdotheteacherssayaboutEd?He'sclever.He'squiet.He'sbrave.He'sclever.He'squiet.He'sbrave.听第10听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。AtwhatagedidEmilystartlearningballet?A.Five.B.Six.C.Nine.A.Five.B.Six.C.Nine.WhydidEmilymovetoToronto?仅供个人学习参考仅供个人学习参考仅供个人学习参考Toworkforadanceschool.Toperformatadancetheater.Tolearncontemporarydance.WhydidEmilyquitdancing?Shewastoooldtodance.Shefailedtogetascholarship.Shelostinterestinit.HowdoesEmilyfeelaboutstoppingtraining?A.She'spleased.B.She'sregretful.C.She'supset.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ASummerActivitiesStudentsshouldreadthelistwiththeirparents/carers,andselecttwoactivitiestheywouldliketodo.Formswillbeavailableinschoolandonlineforthemtoindicatetheirchoicesandreturntoschool.Beforechoicesarefinalised,parents/carerswillbeaskedtosigntoconfirmtheirchild'schoices.ActivityDescriptionMemberofstaffCostOutdoorAdventTakeyourselfoutofyourcomfortzoneforaweek,discovernewpersonalMr.Clemens£14ure（OUT）qualities,andlearnnewskills.Youwillbeabletotakepartinanumberofa0

ctivitiesfromcanoeingtowildcampingonDartmoor.Learnrockclimbingandworkasateam,andenjoythegreatoutdoorenvironment.WWIBattlefieldsandParis(WBP)OnMondaywetraveltoLondon.AfterstayingovernightinLondon,wetravelonDay2tonorthernFrancetovisittheWorldWarIbattlefields.OnDay3wecrossintoBelgium.ThursdayseesusmaketheshortjourneytoPariswherewewillvisitDisneylandParispark,stayinguntillatetoseetheparadeandthefireworks.Ourfinalday,Friday,seesusvisitcentralParisandtourthemainsights.Mrs.Wilson£425CraftyFoxes(CRF)Fourdaysofproductdesigncentredaroundtextiles.Makinglovelyobjectsusingrecycledandmadematerials.Bags,cushionsanddecorations...Learnskillsandleavewithmodernandunusualtextiles.Mrs.Goode£30PottyaboutPotter(POT)VisitWarnerBrosStudio,shopstoptobuypicnic,stayovernightinanapprovedYouthHostelinStreatley-on-Thames,guidedtourofOxfordtoseethefilmlocations,picniclunchoutsideOxford'sChristchur(ntheRiverCherwellthroughtheUniversityParks,beforeheadingbacktoExeter.MissDrake:h,boatingo£150Whichactivitywillyouchooseifyouwanttogocamping?OUT.B.WBP.C.CRF.D.POT.What?will?the?students?do?on?Tuesday?with?Mrs.?Wilson?A.Travel?to?London.??B.See?a?parade?and?fireworks.C.Tour?central?Paris.Visit?the?WWI?battlefields.C.Tour?central?Paris.How?long?does?Potty?about?Potter?last?A.Two?days.Four?days.Five?days.One?week.A.Two?days.Four?days.Five?days.One?week.ManyofusloveJulybecauseit'sthemonthwhennature'sberriesandstonefruitsareinabundance.ThesecolourfulandsweetjewelsfromBritishColumbia'sfieldsarelittlepowerhousesofnutritionalprotection.Ofthecommonberries,strawberriesarehighestinvitaminC,although,becauseoftheirseeds,raspberriescontainalittlemoreprotein（蛋白质），ironandzinc（notthatfruitshavemuchprotein）.Blueberriesareparticularlyhighinantioxidants（抗氧化物质）.TheyellowandorangestonefruitssuchaspeachesarehighinthecarotenoidsweturnintovitaminAandwhichareantioxidants.Asforcherries（樱桃），theyaresodeliciouswhocares?However,theyarerichinvitaminC.Whencombinedwithberriesofslicesofotherfruits,frozenbananasmakeanexcellentbaseforthick,coolingfruitshakesandlowfat"icecream".Forthispurpose,selectripebananasforfreezingastheyaremuchsweeter.Removetheskinandplacetheminplasticbagsorcontainersandfreeze.Ifyoulike,asqueezeoffreshlemonjuiceonthebananaswillpreventthemturningbrown.Frozenbananaswilllastseveralweeks,dependingontheirripenessandthetemperatureofthefreezer.zxxkIfyouhaveajuicer,youcansimplyfeedinfrozenbananasandsomeberriesorslicedfruit.Outcomesa"soft—serve"creamydessert,tobeeatenrightaway.Thismakesafunactivityforachildren'sparty;theylovefeedingthefruitandfrozenbananasintothetopofthemachineandwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelowWhatdoestheauthorseemtolikeaboutcherries?Theycontainprotein.B.TheyarehighinvitaminA.Theyhaveapleasanttaste.D.Theyarerichinantioxidants.Whyisfreshlemonjuiceusedinfreezingbananas?

A.Tomakethemsmellbetter.B.Tokeeptheircolour.C.Tospeeduptheirripening.Toimprovetheirnutrition.Whatis＂ajuicer＂inthelastparagraph?A.Tomakethemsmellbetter.B.Tokeeptheircolour.C.Tospeeduptheirripening.Toimprovetheirnutrition.Adessert.C.Acontainer.B.Adrink.D.Amachine.Abiologytextbook.Ahealthmagazine.Aresearchpaper.Atravelbrochure.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?B.Adrink.D.Amachine.Abiologytextbook.Ahealthmagazine.Aresearchpaper.Atravelbrochure.Teensandyoungerchildrenarereadingalotlessforfun,accordingtoaCommonSenseMediareportpublishedMonday.Whilethedeclineoverthepastdecadeissteepforteenreaders,somedatainthereportshowsthatreadingremainsabigpartofmanychildren'slives,andindicateshowparentsmighthelpencouragemorereading.Accordingtothereport'skeyfindings,"theproportion（上匕例）whosaythey'hardlyever'readforfunhasgonefrom8percentofl3-year-oldsand9percentofl7—year—oldsinl984to22percentand27percentrespectivelytoday."Thereportdatashowsthatpleasurereadinglevelsforyoungerchildren,ages2—8,remainlargelythesame.Buttheamountoftimespentinreadingeachsessionhasdeclined,fromclosertoanhourormoretoclosertoahalfhourpersession.Whenitcomestotechnologyandreading,thereportdoeslittletocounsel（建议）parentslookingfordataabouttheeffectofe-readersandtabletsonreading.Itdoespointoutthatmanyparentsstilllimitelectronicreading,mainlyduetoconcernsaboutincreasedscreentime.zxxkThemosthopefuldatasharedinthereportshowsclearevidenceofparentsservingasexamplesandimportantguidesfortheirkidswhenitcomestoreading.Datashowsthatkidsandteenswhodoreadfrequently,comparedtoinfrequentreaders,havemorebooksinthehome,morebookspurchasedforthem,parentswhoreadmoreoften,andparentswhosetasidetimeforthemtoread.Astheendofschoolapproaches,andschoolvacationreadinglistsloom（逼近）ahead,parentsmighttakethischancetostepinandmaketheirownsummerreadinglistandplanafamilytriptothelibraryorbookstore.WhatistheCommonSenseMediareportprobablyabout?Children'sreadinghabits.B.Qualityofchildren'sbooks.C.Children'safter-classactivities.D.Parent-childrelationships.Wherecanyoufindthedatathatbestsupports"childrenarereadingalotlessforfun"?A.Inparagraph2.B.Inparagraph3.C.Inparagraph4.D.Inparagraph5.Whydomanyparentslimitelectronicreading?A.E-booksareofpoorquality.B.Itcouldbeawasteoftime.C.Itmayharmchildren'shealth.D.E-readersareexpensive.Howshouldparentsencouragetheirchildrentoreadmore?A.Actasrolemodelsforthem.B.Askthemtowritebookreports.C.Setupreadinggroupsforthem.D.Talkwiththeirreadingclassteachers.DWe'veallbeenthere:inalift,inlineatthebankoronanairplane,surroundedbypeoplewhoare,likeus,deeplyfocusedontheirsmartphonesor,worse,strugglingwiththeuncomfortablesilenceWhat'stheproblem?It'spossiblethatweallhavecompromisedconversationalintelligence.It'smorelikelythatnoneofusstartaconversationbecauseit'sawkwardandchallenging,orwethinkit'sannoyingandunnecessary.Butthenexttimeyoufindyourselfamongstrangers,considerthatsmalltalkisworththetrouble.Expertssayit'saninvaluablesocialpracticethatresultsinbigbenefits.Dismissingsmalltalkasunimportantiseasy,butwecan'tforgetthatdeeprelationshipswouldn'tevenexistifitweren'tforcasualconversation.Smalltalkisthegrease（润滑剂）forsocialcommunication,saysBernardoCarducci,directoroftheShynessResearchlnstituteatlndianaUniversitySoutheast."Almosteverygreatlovestoryandeachbigbusinessdealbeginswithsmalltalk,"heexplains."Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notjustcommunicatewiththem."Ina2014study,ElizabethDunn,associateprofessorofpsychologyatUBC,invitedpeopleontheirwayintoacoffeeshop.Onegroupwasaskedtoseekoutaninteraction（互动）withitswaiter;theother,tospeakonlywhennecessary.Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience."It'snotthattalkingtothewaiterisbetterthantalkingtoyourhusband,"saysDunn."Butinteractionswithperipheral（边缘的）membersofoursocialnetworkmatterforourwell-beingalso."Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelasignificantlygreatersenseofbelonging,abondwithothers.Carduccibelievesdevelopingsuchasenseofbelongingstartswithsmalltalk."Smalltalkisthebasisofgoodmanners,"hesays.zxxkWhatphenomenonisdescribedinthefirstparagraph?Addictiontosmartphones.Inappropriatebehavioursinpublicplaces.Absenceofcommunicationbetweenstrangers.

Impatiencewithslowservice.WhatisimportantforsuccessfulsmalltalkaccordingtoCarducci?A.Showinggoodmanners.Relatingtootherpeople.A.Showinggoodmanners.Relatingtootherpeople.Focusingonatopic.Makingbusinessdeals.Focusingonatopic.Makingbusinessdeals.Whatdoesthecoffee-shopstudysuggestaboutsmalltalk?A.Itimprovesfamilyrelationships.Itraisespeople'sconfidence.A.Itimprovesfamilyrelationships.Itraisespeople'sconfidence.D.Itmakespeoplefeelgood.Itmattersasmuchasaformaltalk.D.Itmakespeoplefeelgood.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ConversationCountsWaysofMakingSmallTalkA.ConversationCountsWaysofMakingSmallTalkBenefitsofSmallTalkUncomfortableSilenceBenefitsofSmallTalkUncomfortableSilence第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyouarealreadymakingthetimetoexercise,itisgoodindeed!Withsuchbusylives,itcanbehardtotryandfindthetimetoworkout.36Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefitsbeyondbeingphysicallyfit.Yourproductivityisimproved.Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhateverisaheadofyoufortheday.37Yourmetabolism（新陈代谢寸）getsaheadstart.381fyouworkoutinthemornings,thenyouwillbegettingthecalorie（卡路里）burningbenefitsforthewholeday,notinyoursleep.39Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbetterthanthosewhoexercisedintheevening.Exerciseenergizesyou,soitismoredifficulttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenyouareveryexcited.40Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikelytosticktohealthyfoodchoicesthroughouttheday.Whowouldwanttoruintheirgoodworkoutbyeatingjunkfood?Youwillwanttocontinuetofocusonpositivechoices.Therearealotofbenefitstoworkingout,especiallyinthemornings.Setyouralarmclockanhourearlyandpushyourselftoworkout!Youwillfeelenergizedalldaylong.Youwillsticktoyourdiet.Yourqualityofsleepimproves.Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexerciseinthemorning.Youcankeepyourheadclearfor4—10hoursafterexercise.Afteryouexercise,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthrough。uttheday.Ifyouareplanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryou'redoingitnow,thenlistenup!第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Twoweeksearlier,myson,Ben,hadgotintouch.He'dmovedtoEnglandwithhismumwhenhewasthreeandithadbeen13yearssinceI'd41seenhim.Soimaginemy42whenheemailedmesayinghewantedtocometovisitme.Iwas43!IarrivedearlyatByronBaywhereweweresupposedto44.Thebaywas45insunshine,andtherewasagroupofkayakersaround150mofftheshore.Gettingalittle46,Irealizedonekayak（皮划艇）wasin47."Something'snot48!"ItookoffmyT—shirtand49intothewater.Isawthereweretwoinstruetorsonboardandamanlyingacrossthemiddle.Hewas50violently.Linkingarmswithoneoftheinstruetors.Ihelped51theyoungmano仅供个人学习参考仅供个人学习参考仅供个人学习参考utofthewater.HewasunconsciousandasIlookedathisface,something52tome.Thosebrowneyeswerevery53."What'shisname?"Iaskedtheinstruetor."Ben,"hereplied,andimmediatelyI54.Thatstrangerwasmyson!Theinstruetorscalledforanambulance.55,afterabriefstayinhospital,Benwaswellenoughtobeallowedto56andlaterthefamilymetupfordinner.WechattedabouteverythingandthenBen57tome."Ijustwanttosaythankyou,"hesaid."You58mylife!"Istillcan'tbelievewhata59itwas.I'mjustsogladlwasthere60tohelpmyson.C.evenA.alsoA.delightA.scaredIstillcan'tbelievewhata59itwas.I'mjustsogladlwasthere60tohelpmyson.C.evenA.alsoA.delightA.scaredashamedA.talkA.bathedA.fasterwiserA.troubleA.realA.staredA.arguingshakingA.leadA.happenedD.appealedB.oftenB.reliefB.shockedB.stayB.cleanB.closerB.advanceB.rightB.sankB.fightingB.persuadeB.occurredC.angerC.thrilledC.meetC.deepC.heavierC.questionC.fairC.divedC.shoutingC.carryC.appliedD.lastD.worryD.settleD.formedD.battleD.fitD.fellD.keepA.sharpA.agreedA.FortunatelyD.SuddenlypleasantB.hesitatedB.FranklyC.attractiveC.doubtedD.familiarD.knewA.sharpA.agreedA.FortunatelyD.SuddenlypleasantB.hesitatedB.FranklyC.attractiveC.doubtedD.familiarD.knewSadly56.A.returnB.relaxC.speakD.leave57.A.jokedB.turnedC.listenedpointed58.A.createdB.honoredC.savedD.guided59.A.coincidenceB.changeC.pity58.A.createdB.honoredC.savedD.guided59.A.coincidenceB.changeC.pityD.pain6O.A.onboardB.intimeC.forsure6O.A.onboardB.intimeC.forsureD.onpurpose第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。DietshavechangedinChina—andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since201l,thecountry61(grow)morecornthanrice.Cornproductionhasjumpednearlyl25percentover62past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.Atasteformeatis63(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.Anotherreasonforcorn'srise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice64(improve)waterquality.Cornuseslesswater65riceandcreateslessfertilizer(化肥)runoff.Thisswitchhasdecreased66(pollute)inthecountry'smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.zxxkAccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal67（globe）fertilizerconsumption.TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernment68（start）asoil-testingprogram69givesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers—and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.Thatpreventedtheemission（排放）of51.8milliontonsofcarbondioxide.China'sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile70（feed）itscitizens＂offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide.＂saysthebank'sJuerg