名从性从句高考真题

专题八名词性从句that,whether与if引导名词性从句的差别——考题试一试(单句语法填空)1．(2016·京高考改编北)Themostpleasantthingoftherainyseasonisthatonecanbeentirelyfreefromdust.2．(2013全·国卷Ⅰ改编)Iamwonderingwhetheryoucanpickhimupattheairport.3．(2015北·京高考改编)Itrulybelievethatbeautycomesfromwithin.4．(2012·江高考改编浙)Imadeapromisetomyselfthatthisyear,myfirstyearinhighschool,wouldbedifferent.——规则点拨当名词性从句骨干齐全，又不缺少状语时，用连接词引导。连接词有that,whether和if。1．that:that连接名词性从句，只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分。在宾语从句中能够省略。Theteacherinformedus(that)wewouldhaveatestthenextday.老师见告我们第二天进行测试。2．if和whether：有“可否”的含义，表示一般疑问。主语从句和表语从句中只能用whether不能够用if。if和whether也不在从句中作成分，只起连接作用。Thetroubleiswhetherhecancomeontime.麻烦是他可否能准时来。[注意事项]1．在以下情况下一般只能用whether，不用if：(1)引导主语从句并在句首时；(2)引导表语从句时；(3)引导从句作介词宾语时；(4)从句后有“ornot时；”(5)后接动词不定式时。2．that引导主语从句时，常用it作形式主语，常有句型有：(1)it＋be＋形容词(如：obvious,true,natural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,evident,clear,apparent等)＋that从句。(2)it＋be＋名词(如：nowonder,anhonour,agoodthing,apity,nosurprise等)＋that从句。(3)it＋be＋过去分词(如：said,reported,thought,estimated,expected,decided,announced,arranged,recognized等)＋that从句。近似句型还有：Itcannotbedeniedthat.../Itmustbeadmittedthat...(4)it＋动词(如：seem,appear,happen,occurtosb.,doesn'tmatter,makenodifference等)＋that从句。——对点演练(单句语法填空)1．Thathewillcometotheconferencehasexcitedeveryoneofus.2．It'snowonderthatyou'veachievedsomuchsuccess.3．IthappenedtomethatIhadbeenawaywhenhecalled.4．IfeelitapitythatIhaven'tbeentotheget-together.5．Weallfinditimportantthatwe(should)makeaquickdecisionaboutthismatter.6．Iamnotinterestedinwhethertheybelieveinmeornot.连接代词引导的名词性从句——考题试一试(单句语法填空)1．(2014·建高考改编福)Pickyourselfup.Courageisdoingwhatyou'reafraidtodo.2．(2014·江高考改编浙)“Everytimeyoueatasweet,drinkgreentea.”Thisiswhatmymotherusedtotellme.3．(2013·京高考改编北)ItookprideinwhatIhaddoneintheabsenceofmyfather.4．(2013全·国卷Ⅱ改编)Bytheway,doyouknowwhattheystandfor5．(2013福·建高考改编)Personallyspeaking,Idon'tthinkwhattheseparentsdoishelpfultotheirchildren.——规则点拨连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which这几个连接词不仅起连接作用，也在从句中作名词或代词所作的成分，如主语、表语、宾语、定语。缺少连接代词，从句不完满。Whatstruckmemostinthemoviewasthefather'sdeeploveforhisson.电影中最感人我的是父亲对他儿子深深的爱。Whatworriesusmostiswholetoutthesecret.最令我们担忧的是谁泄漏了奥秘。——对点演练(单句语法填空)1．Ithasnotbeendecidedyetwhowillpresideoverthemeeting.2．I'dliketostartmyownbusiness—that'swhatI'ddoifIhadthemoney.3．(2017太·原五中一模)WhowillcometohelpwithmyEnglishhasn'tbeendecided.4.(2014湖·南高考改编)AsJohnLennononcesaid,lifeiswhathappenstoyouwhileyouarebusymakingotherplans.5．(2014山·东高考改编)Itisdifficultforustoimaginewhatlifewaslikeforslavesintheancientworld.连接副词引导的名词性从句——考题试一试(单句语法填空)1．(2015北·京高考改编)Howweunderstandthingshasalottodowithwhatwefeel.2．(2015福·建高考改编)—IwonderhowMaryhaskeptherfigureafteralltheseyears.—Byworkingouteveryday.3．(2015·南高考改编湖)Youhavetoknowwhereyou'regoingifyouaretoplanthebestwayofgettingthere.4．(2015·庆高考改编重)WemustfindoutwhenKarliscoming,sowecanbookaroomforhim.5．(2014广·东高考改编)Ididn'tunderstandwhythiswouldhappenand...——规则点拨连接副词when,where,why,how这几个连接词不仅起连接作用，也在从句中作状语，表示时间、地点、原因和方式。Hedidn'ttellmewhenwewouldmeetagain.他没告诉我什么时候我们再相见。Goandgetyourcoat.It'swhereyouleftit.去把大衣拿来。就在你原来放的地方。IhavenoideahowIcangettotherailwaystation.我不知道怎么能到火车站。That'swhyIwantyoutoworkthere.那就是我要你在那处工作的原因。——对点演练(单句语法填空)1．(2017大·庆质量检测二)PeoplewhovisitedmeusedtoaskmehowIcouldsleep.“Doesn'tthesoundofthetrafficbotheryouHowcanyougetusedtosomuchnoise？”2．Theproblemishowwecanimproveourreadingskillsinsuchashorttime.3．Sheaskedaquestionwhytherewasadelay.4．(2017湖·南岳阳一中检测

)Mr.Whiteisopposedtorepairingtheoldbuilding,andthat

'swhereIdon'tagree.whatever,whoever,whichever,whenever,wherever,however的用法——考题试一试(单句语法填空)1．(2016北·京高考改编)Yoursupportisimportanttoourwork.Whateveryoucandohelps.2．(2013江·西高考改编)Whicheveroneofyoubreaksthewindowwillhavetopayforit.3．(2014北·京高考改编)Somepeoplebelievewhateverhashappenedbeforeorishappeningnowwillrepeatitselfinthefuture.——规则点拨它们的作用等同于who,what,which,where,when,how,但语气加强了。这类词引导名词性从句时，不能够用nomatter＋who/what...代替。1．引导主语从句。Whoeverdidthisjobmustberewarded.无论谁做的这项工作都必定会被奖励。2．引导宾语从句，充当直接宾语。I'llgiveyouhowevermuchmoneyyouneed.无论你需要多少钱我都给你。3．引导宾语从句，充当间接宾语。Shewillgivewhoeverneedshelpahand.她将给任何需要帮助的人供应帮助。4．引导介词的宾语从句。Youcanwriteaboutwhatevertopicyouprefer.你能够写你喜欢的任何话题。5．引导宾语从句，充当宾语补足语。We'llmakehimwhateverheisfitfor.他适合什么我们就让他做什么。[注意事项]“nomatter＋疑问词”包括nomatterwho,nomatterwhat,nomatterwhich,nomatterwhen,nomatterwhere,nomatterhow；它们的意义跟前面对应的“疑问词-ever”相同，但它们只能用来引导状语从句。Whoever/Nomatterwhocomes,youwillsayIamout.无论谁来，你就说我不在家。However/Nomatterhowtiredhewas,hewentonworking.无论他多么累，他都连续工作。——对点演练(单句语法填空)1．(2017株·洲二中月考)Withanoptimisticattitudeandastrongwill,wecanovercomewhateverdifficultieswemightmeetwithandachieveourgoals.2．Asmanyassevencoursesareprovided,andtheyarefreetochoosewhicheversuitsthembest.3．(2017·川营山县模拟四)Whoeversetsfiretotheforestshouldbepunished.4．WhicheverteamwinsonSaturdaywillgothroughtothenationalchampionships.1．宾语从句(2014·东高考广)Ididn'tunderstand________thiswouldhappenandmycreditcardhadalreadybeenchargedforthereservation.剖析：why依照语境此处应用why引导宾语从句。2．主语从句(2016·苏高考改编江)Itisoftenthecase________anythingispossibleforthosewhohangontohope.剖析：that此句为主语从句，从句中不缺少任何成分，句意完满，故使用that引导。3．表语从句(2016·北京高考改编)Themostpleasantthingoftherainyseasonis________onecanbeentirelyfreefromdust.剖析：that依照句子结构可知，本句是表语从句，且表语从句中主系表结构完满，故使用连词that引导表语从句，that在表语从句中不作句子成分，只起连接作用。(2015·安徽高考改编)Ashipinharborissafe,butthat'snot________shipsarebuiltfor.剖析：what空格后的句子是表语从句，表语从句中for缺少宾语，故用what。4．同位语从句(2016·天津高考改编)Themanagerputforwardasuggestion________weshouldhaveanassistant.Thereistoomuchworktodo.剖析：

that

空格后边是建议的详尽内容，从句不缺成分，故填

that。②(2014·重庆高考改编

)—IsittruethatMike

refusedanofferfromYaleUniversityyesterday—Yeah,butIhavenoidea________hedidit;that'soneofhisfavoriteuniversities.剖析：why依照后边的“that'soneofhisfavoriteuniversities”可知这里指原因，故用why引导。1．隶属连词与连接副词之间的错用示例(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)Afterlookingatthetoyforsometime,heturnedaroundandfoundwherehisparentsweremissing.答案：where→that或去掉where点拨隶属连词有that/whether/if等，连接副词有when,where等。隶属连词不作成分，而连接副词作状语。2．连接代词(what,which和who等)之间的错用示例(2013·辽宁高考)Thatiswhichotherteacherssay.答案：which→what点拨引导名词性从句且在从句中作主语或宾语时应用what(什么)；which(哪一个)；who(谁)等，注意它们之间意义的差别。3．that与what之间的错用示例(2017·银川二中一模)Foronething,thatyouarestudyingisbadlyneedednowadaysinourcountry.答案：that→whatwhat在名词性从句中可作主语、宾语或表语；而that自己没有意义，不作任点拨何成分，只起连接作用。4．隶属连词that与whether/if之间的错用(2017·山东师大附中模拟)Thereisnodoubtwhetheritisofgreathelptotheir示例studyandfuturelife.答案：whether→thatthat不作成分，没有实质意义；whether/if也不作成分但有实质意义，有“是点拨否”之意。5．隶属连词that的缺失(2017·遵义航天高级中学模拟)Andyoushouldalsohaveabeliefyouaresureto示例succeedaslongasyoukeepyourdirectionallthetime.答案：belief后加thatthat引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时一般不能够省略，引导宾语从句时点拨能够省略。[增分技法]1．掌握好引导词that的省略与不省略。他的成功是因为他为比赛作了充分的准备。Hissuccessliesinthefactthathewaswellpreparedforthematch.2．what从句在写作中特别适用，叫不出名字的事物都可用这个句式来表达。近几年，我们的学校发生了很大的变化，已不再是过去的样子了。Inthepastfewyears,greatchangeshavetakenplaceinourschoolanditisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.3．用好whatever，however等引导的名词性从句和退步状语从句。我们必定尽所有努力来保护我们的环境。Wemustdowhateverittakestoprotectourenvironment.[巧用增分]①我反对这个工程的原因是，它开销太多的钱，而这些钱应当用来提高当地人们的生活水平。(beagainst,project,thereasonwhy...isthat,toimprovethelivesofthelocalpeople)The_reason_why_I_am_against_the_project_is_that_it_will_cost_too_much_money,_which_should_be_used_to_improve_the_lives_of_local_people.②若是我们想成功，我们应当相信我们做的事情，相信我们自己。(succeed,believeinwhatwedo,whoweare)We_should_believe_in_what_we_do_and_who_we_are_if_we_are_to_succeed.③无论谁想成功，都必定尽最大努力。(whoever,succeed,doone'sbest)Whoever_wants_to_succeed_must_do_his/her_best.[题点对点练]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2017重·庆南开中学月考)Lifeistenpercentwhathappenstoyouandninetypercenthowyourespondit.2．(2017邯·郸调研)Thenewboylookedattheteacherforafewsecondsandalltheotherstudentswonderedwhattheboywoulddo.3．(2017四·川成都高新区检测)Inmyopinion,whatmattersiswhetherwecanwintogetherasateaminsteadofindividuals.4．(2017·阳模拟益)Halfoftheworld'spopulationisundertheageof25andwhentheyarenotinvolvedinthedecision-makingprocess,theyarenotawareofwhatistakingplace.5．(2017·溪高级中学月考本)WhethertheflighttoNewYorkwillbedelayediswhatI'mespeciallyworriedabout.6．(2017·化一模怀)Thereareasmanyasfivestudents'clubsinourschool.Youcanjoinwhicheverinterestsyoumost.7．(2017·州二模杭)Withtimegoingby,whatonceseemedvitalinourlifeisnolongerasimportantnow.8．(2017·东省实验中学一模山)ShehasreceivedanofferfromBerkeley,butIdon'tknowwhether/ifshewillacceptit.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Successpartlydependsonifyouhavethepatiencetodosimplethings→whether2．We'reallpleasedwhatwehaveonceagainovercomethe→that3．Weallconsiderimportantthatchildrenshouldtakeplentyofmilkasthey后加it4．Mysuggestionisweshouldhaveadiscussionaboutthismatterinsteadofjustlayingit后加that5．Hispromisewhichhewouldgiveawayhalfoftheyear'sincometothedisabledturnedouta→that6．Wearethinkingaboutwhomcanbeadmittedintoourclub.Thenumberofmembersiswho.单句写作1．使我们这个学校特其余是，她的大多数毕业生都被名校录取了。(make...special,graduate,beadmittedto,famouscolleges)What_makes_our_school_special_is_that_most_of_its_graduates_are_admitted_to_famous_colleges.2．令球迷欣喜的是那位年轻的球员在乒乓球锦标赛中表现得极为优异。(delighted,perform,thetabletennistournament)What_delighted_the_fans/3．若是能找到任何适合你的学习方法，你的学习效率即可能明显提高。(whatever,learningmethod,learningefficiency)If_you_can_find_whatever_learning_method_(that)_suits_you,_your_study/learning_efficiency_is_likely_to_improve_remarkably.[题型综合练]Ⅰ.语法填空(2017·北三省三校一模东)The“selfie”isusedtodescribethe-taksenlfphoto,oftenfromasmartphone.Someonetakesabout10selfieseachtimehedoes,andheonlyendsup__1__(post)oneortwoofthose.Hepickstheonethathefeelsmakehimlookthe__2__(good).Inthatpicture,hegainsconfidence.Forthatmoment,everythingbadorterriblethathashappenedtohim__3__(remove),becausethatsmileiswhatgiveshimthe__4__(determine)tolovehimself.Iread__5__poemrecentlyandtheyoungmansaid,“IfIaskyou__6__youlove,

theanswerswillmostlikelyrolloffyourlovetoread.Youlovetowrite.Youloveyourmom,yourdaughter,oryourbestfriend.Howlongdoyouthinkyoucangoonandonbeforeyousay

‘Ilove__7__(I)’？”Thatstatementhitmelikeatonof'vestruggledwithconfidenceallmystillin__8__wayamIsayingthattakingaselfieisagateway__9__，theselfiedoesdeservesomecreditforallowingi