20102015年6年全国同等学力英语真题及参考答案

2010年同等学力英语真题及参考答案PaperOne(90minutes)PartIDialogueCommunication(10minutes,10points,1foreach)SectionADialogueCompletionDirections:Inthissection,youwillread5shortincompletedialoguesbetweentwospeakers,eachfollowedby4choicesmarkedA.B.C.D.Choosetheanswerthatbestsuitsthesituationtocompletethedialogue.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.1.A.Canyoutakeoverformehereforalittlewhile?Ihaveafriendcomingtoseeme.B.I’dliketo,but_____________.AskPeter,heisnotsooccupiedatthismoment.A.HowcanIdoit?B.that’salright.C.Ihavemyhandsfull.B.that’simpossible2.A:Togetanoutsideline,justdial0andthephonenumber.Orwecanplaceacallforyou,ifyouwant.B.No,thanksalot.A.JustputmethroughB.I’lltryitmyselfC.I’drathernotD.I’llappreciateyourhelp3.A:Now,it’sjustwork,work,work.Iworkhardallday,everyday.B:Oh,comeon._____________.You’remakingagoodsalarynow.A.Don’tcomplain.B.SorrytohearaboutitC.AnythingIcandoforyou?D.What’syourplan?4.A:Pamela,canyoucometoameetingonFriday?B:________________Letmecheckmyschedule.Whenareyouhavingit?A.Nobitdeal.B.IamnotsureC.CanI?D.Surething?5.A:Iamreallygettingfedupwiththesalespersonswhokeepcalling.B:_______________A.IhopeitisnothingseriousB.Theyaresostupid!C.SoamI.ItissoannoyingD.Youareright.Forgetit.SectionBDialogueComprehensionDirections:Inthissection,youwillread5shortconversionsbetweenamanandawoman.Attheendofeachconversationthereisaquestionfollowedby4choicesmarkedA.B.C.D.Choosethebestanswertothequestionfromthe4choicesbymarkingthecorrespondingbetterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.6.Man:Ihavefigureditallout.Itlookslikeitwilltakeusabout5hourstodrivefromheretoChicago.Woman:It’dbemorerelaxingtotakethetrain.ButIguessweshouldwatchourexpenses.Question:Whatdoesthewomanimply?A.ShelikestodrivewhenshetravelsB.Shedoesn’twanttogotoChicago.C.Shedoesn’tknowthecostofthetraintrip.D.It’scheapertogottoChicagobycar7.Man:Howabouttheexaminationlastweek?Woman:IfI’dgotmoretime.Icouldhavemadeit.Question:Whatdoesthewomanimply?A.ShewasaskedtotakeanotherexaminationB.ShefailedtheexaminationlastweekC.ShedidquitewellintheexaminationD.Shedidn’ttaketheexaminationlastweek8.Man:HarvardortheStateUniversity,haveyoudecidedyet?Woman:Well,I’dratherbeabigfishinasmallpond.Question:Whichuniversityisthewomanlikelytochoose?A.TheStateUniversityB.HarvardC.NeitherD.Shehasn’tdecidedyet.9.Man:Ihavejustfoundagreatlocationtoopenanewshop.Woman:Butyouhaven’tresearchedthemarket.Don’tyouthinkthisputtingthecartbeforethehorse?Question:Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Themanshouldn’tmakethedecisionsoquicklyB.It’sriskytochoosesuchalocationC.ThemanisdoingthingsinthewrongorderD.It’spossibleforhimtomakeabetterchoice10.Woman:MyresultsareabitflatteringbecauseIhavehadquitealotofluck.Man:Nonsense,you’reheadandshouldersabovetheothersinyourgroup.Question:Whatdoesthemanthinkisthereasonforthewoman’ssuccess?A.SheisreallyluckyB.SheisfarbetterthantheothersC.She’sgottheothers’supportD.She’sbeenworkinghardPartIIVocabulary(20minutes,10points,0.5foreach)SectionADirections:Inthissectionthereare10sentences,eachwithonewordorphraseunderlined.Choosetheonefromthe4choicesmarkedA.B.C.Dthatbestkeepsthemeaningofthesentence.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.11.Bettywasoffendedbecauseshefeltthatherfriendshadignoredherpurposefullyattheparty.A.desperatelyB.definitelyC.deliberatelyD.decisively12.Therehasbeenenoughplayingaroundsolet’sgetdowntobusiness.A.makeadealB.beginourworkC.reachanagreementD.changeourplan13.Howisitpossibleforourhumanbodytoconvertyesterday’slunchintotoday’smuscle?A.alterB.developC.modifyD.turn14.Itisimportantforfamiliestoobservetheirtraditionsevenastheirchildrengetolder.A.noticeB.watchC.followD.celebrate15.Itisdifficulttocomprehend,buteverythingyouhaveeverseen,smelt,heardorfeltismerelyyourbrain’sinterpretationofincomingstimuli.A.explanationB.evaluationC.recognitionD.interruption16.Lifeismoreimportantthanthepressuresandstressthatweplaceonourselvesoverworkandothercommitments.A.appointmentsB.arrangementsC.obligationsD.devotions17.Ifyoucontinuetoindulgeincomputergameslikethis,youfuturewillbeatstake.A.indangerB.withoutquestionC.onguardD.atlarge18.Romanticnovels,asopposedtorealisticones,tendtopresentidealizedversionsoflife,oftenwithahappyending.A.incontrasttoB.inregardtoC.intermsofD.inlightof19.Mostpeoplewouldagreethat,althoughouragefarsurpassesallpreviousagesinknowledge,therehasbeennocorrelativeincreaseinwisdom.A.improvesB.precedesC.imposesD.exceeds20.Manystudentstodaydisplayadisturbingwillingnesstochooseinstitutionsandcareersonthebasisofearningpotential.A.offensiveB.depressiveC.troublesomeD.tiresomeSectionBDirections:Inthissection,thereare10incompletesentences.Foreachsentencethereare4choicesmarkedA.B.C.D.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringANSERSSHEET.21.Myoldestsonhadjustfinishedan_________holidaystaypriortomovingtoanewState,anewjob,andthenextchapterinhislife.A.enlargedB.expandedC.extendedD.increased22.BlacksandAmericanIndians__________lessthan10%ofstudentsinthetop30businessschools,whiletheyareabout28%oftheU.S.population.A.makeupB.takeupC.reachoutD.turnout23.Withdemandcontinuingtorisein_____economiessuchasChinaandIndia,energytradersbelievethatoilfuturesareagoodbet.A.employingB.emergingC.embracingD.emitting24.Lawsandregulationsineachcountryhavetobemade___________theconstitutionofthecountry.A.inhonorofB.inmemoryofC.inreturnforD.inlinewith25.Thejury’s________wasthattheaccusedwasguiltyA.verdictB.sentenceC.trialD.debate26.InEnglishlearning,a__________cycleoccurswhenastudentmakesmoreerrorsafterbeingscolded.A.verticalB.viciousC.vividD.vigorous27.Isn’tit___________whenyoulearnsomethingyou’veneverknownbefore?A.coolB.crazyC.coldD.cute28.Thereareseveralfactors___________therapidgrowthofsalespromotion,particularlyinconsumermarkets.A.resortingtoB.appealingtoC.applyingtoD.contributingto29.TheInternethasbeendevelopingataspeed___________people’sexpectationsinthepasttwodecades.A.overB.ofC.underD.beyond30.Itisobviousthatthesportsgamesarenolongeramateuraffairs;theyhavebecomeprofessionally__________________.A.laidoffB.laidoutC.putoffD.putoutPartⅢReadingComprehension(45minutes,30point)Directions:Thereare5passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedby5questionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemthereare4choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosethebestoneandmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.PassageOneLonelinesshasbeenlinkedtodepressionandotherhealthproblems.Now,astudysaysitcanalsospread.Afriendofalonelypersonwas52%morelikelytodevelopfeelingsofloneliness.Andafriendofthatfriendwas25%morelikelytodothesame.Earlierfindingsshowedthathappiness,fatnessandtheabilitytostopsmokingcanalsogrowlikeinfectionswithinsocialgroups.ThefindingsallcomefromamajorhealthstudyintheAmericantownofFramingham,Massachusetts.Thestudybeganin1948toinvestigatethecausesofheartdisease.Sincethen,moretestshavebeenadded,includingmeasuresoflonelinessanddepression.Thenewfindingsinvolvedmorethan5,000peopleinthesecondgenerationoftheFraminghamHeartStudy.Theresearchersexaminedfriendshiphistoriesandreportsofloneliness.Theresultsestablishedapatternthatspreadaspeoplereportedfewerclosefriends.Forexample,lonelinesscanaffectrelationshipsbetweennext-doorneighbors.Thelonelinessspreadsasneighborswhowereclosefriendsnowspendlesstimetogether.Thestudyalsofoundthatlonelinessspreadsmoreeasilyamongwomenthanmen.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofChicago,HarvardandtheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,didthestudy.ThefindingsappearedlastmonthintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology.Theaveragepersonissaidtoexperiencefeelingsoflonelinessabout48daysayear.Thestudyfoundthathavingalonelyfriendcanaddabout17days.Buteveryadditionalfriendcandecreaselonelinessbyabout5%,ortwoandahalfdays.Lonelypeoplebecomelessandlesstrustingofothers.Thismakesitmoreandmoredifficultforthemtomakefriends-andmorelikelythatsocietywillrejectthem.JohnCacioppoattheUniversityofChicagoledthestudy.Hesaysitisimportanttorecognizeanddealwithloneliness.Hesayspeoplewhohavebeenpushedtotheedgesofsocietyshouldreceivehelptorepairtheirsocialnetworks.Theaimshouldbetoaggressivelycreatewhathecallsa“protectivebarrier”againstloneliness.Thisbarrier,hesays,cankeepthewholenetworkfromcomingapart.31.Besidesloneliness,whichofthefollowingcanalsospreadamongpeople?A.FriendshipB.HappinessC.DepressionD.Smoking32.TheFraminghamHeartStudystartingfrom1948________________A.expandeditsresearchtopicsB.involved5,000patientsofdepressionC.identifiedlonelinessasonekeyfactorforheartdiseaseD.examinedtherelationshipbetweenlonelinessanddepression33.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutthespreadofloneliness?A.ItleadstoagraduallossoffriendsB.ItisacommonphenomenonamongwomenC.itisoftenfoundintheneighborhoodD.itruinstherelationshipsbetweenclosefriends34.Havingalonelyfriend,youaremorelikelyto_________________A.strengthenyourfriendshipB.developnewfriendshipC.increasethesenseoflonelinessD.reducethesenseofloneliness35.AccordingtoJohnCacioppoattheUniversityofChicago,lonelinesscan_____________A.resultinaggressivenessB.causepeopletobeoverprotectiveC.infectsocialnetworksD.pushpeopletothevergeofpoverty36.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.LonelinesscanspreadB.LonelinessislinkedtodepressionC.LonelypeopletendtogrowfatD.LonelypeopleneedmorefriendsPassageTwoCaliforniahasanewprogramcalledtheDigitalTextbookInitiative.“Startingthisfallwithhighschoolmathandscience.wewillbethefirststateinthenationtoprovideschoolswithastate–approvedlistofdigitaltextbooks.”ThatwasGovernorArnoldSchwarzeneggerinJune,talkingabouthisefforttogetschoolstousematerialsavailablefreeonline.Helistedreasonswhyhethinksdigitaltextbooksmakesense.Californiaapprovestraditionaltextbooksinsix-yearcycles.Digitalonecanofferthelatestinformation.Theylightentheloadofschoolbags.Theysavepaperandtrees,andmakelearningmorefunandinteractive.Andaboveall,hesaid,theyhelpschoolswiththeirfinances.Thestatehashadtomakeseverecutsinschoolspendingbecauseofdeepfinancialproblems.MorethansixmillionstudentsattendCaliforniapublicschools.Earlierthisyear,Californiainvitedcontentdeveloperstoofferdigitalmathandsciencematerialsforhighschools.Thesehadtomeetatleast90%ofthestate’slearningrequirements.Speciallytrainedteachersexamined16textbooksandapprovedtenofthem.SixofthetenwerepublishedbytheCK12Foundation,anonprofitgroupthathadbeendevelopingdigitalscienceandmathbooksforabouttwoyears.Thefoundationpaidteachersandothereducationprofessionalstowriteandeditthem.ThemoneycamefromagroupfinancedbytheKhoslaFamily.Californiacannotrequireschoolstousethedigitaltextbooks.Individualschooldistrictswillhavetodecideforthemselves.SusanMartimo,aCaliforniaDepartmentofEducationofficial,saysshedoesnotexpectwidespreaduserightaway.Herbestguessisthatsomeschoolswithalotoftechnologywillbethefirsttousethem,butonlyinadditiontotheirtraditionalbooks.Schooladministratorspointoutthatthetextsmaybefreeonline,butstudentsneedawaytoaccessthem.Noteveryonehasacomputerorelectronicreader.Schoolscouldprintoutcopies,butthatwouldnothelptheenvironment.Also,thereisthecosttotrainteacherstousedigitaltextbookseffectively.37.TheDigitalTextbookInitiative_______________A.willprobablytakeeffectinsixyearsB.coversallthehighschoolsubjectsC.hasbeenapprovedbyallstatesD.isadvocatedbyCaliforniastategovernor38.Themainreasonforpromotingdigitaltextbooksisto______________A.helpsavemoneyB.benefittheenvironmentC.provideinterestingmaterialsD.reducestudents’heavyburden39.Thedigitaltextbookswereapprovedby___________________A.trainedteachersB.contentdevelopersC.KhoslaFamilyD.CK12Foundation40.WhatistrueofCK12Foundation?A.Itproduced16digitaltextbooksB.Itpaidteacherstowritedigitaltextbooks.C.ItisfinancedbyCaliforniastategovernment.D.Itmakesmoneythroughdevelopingdigitaltextbooks.41.AccordingtoSusanMartimo,digitaltextbooks__________________A.arenotlikelytohaveawidespreaduseB.willsoonreplacetraditionalonesC,willfirstbeadoptedbywell-equippedschoolsarecertaintobeapprovedbyschooldistricts2011年同等学力英语考试历年真题及参考答案PartOne(90minutes)Part1Dialoguecommunication(10minutes,10points,1foreach)SectionADialoguecompletion1.A:DavidsaidheboughtanewBMWfor$5,000!B:_____.Soundsprettycheaptome!A:Well,that’swhathesaid.Areyousure?Cometothinkofit.Doyouthinkso?Ishecrazy?2.A:WejustcamebackfromPhoenix.Andwehadthebestvacationinyears.B:____.I’mgladtohearit.Oh,mygoodness!Howwasit?Oh,thereyougoagain.Goodforyou.3.A:Ijustcan’tstandthisclassanymore?B:____.It’srequired,andyouhavetositinitinordertograduate.Well,whynotjustdropoutofit?Why,youcansaythatagain!Well,youmightaswellgetusedtoit.Why,Icouldn’tagreemore!4.A:Idon’tknowaboutyou,butIthoughtthatfilmwasterrific.B:____.Theactionwasgreat,andsowasthemusic.Justthesame.I’mwithyouthere.Moreorless.Isuredo.5.A:Dangavemeafreeridehome,butIpaidforthegas.B:Youknowwhattheysay,____.there’snofreelunchdon’tbiteoffmorethanyoucanchewonegoodturndeservesanotherit’swhoyouknowthatcountsSectionBDialogueComprehension6.Woman:I’drathernottalkaboutit.Justdon’task.Man:Comeon.Ithinkyouneedtoletoffsomesteam.Question:Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?Totalktohimabouttheproblem.Tokeepthesecret.Toreducetheworkload.Tohaveagoodrest.7.Woman:Julie’sdresslooksfunny.Thatstylewentoutlastyear.Man:Oh,comeon,aslongasitlooksgoodonher.Question:Whatdoesthemantrytoemphasize?Julie’sdressisnotoutdated.Julie’sdressdoesnotsuither.Julieshouldfollowthefashion.Julielooksfineinthatdress.8.Man:Whatkindofsnacksdoyouprefer?Woman:Oh,I’vegotasweettooth,youknow.Question:Whatdoesthewomanprobablylike?Sandwich.Hotdogs.Icecream.Potatochips.9.Woman:I’mtiredofdrivingallthewaytoworkandbackeveryday.Ifonlycarscoulddrivethemselves!Man:Well,somecarmanufacturesareworkingonthem.Iguessyou’llsoonbuyoneifyoucanaffordit.Question:Whatdoesthemanimply?Thewomanwillbeabletobuyanintelligentcar.Carsthatdrivethemselvesmaybeveryexpensive.Heisworkingwithacarproduceronintelligentcars.Drivingtoworkisreallyaheadache.10.Man:Annie,howdoesitnotevencrossyourmindthatyoumightwantafuturewithsomeone?Woman:It’ssimple.Idon’tmindbeingmarriedtomycareer.Question:What’sAnnie’sattitudetowardsherfuture?Shewillstaywithsomeoneunmarried.Shewillliveasimplelife.Shewillquitherjobtogetmarried.Shewillfullyfocusonherjob.PartIIVocabulary(20minutes,10points,0.5foreach)SectionA11.Thenewsreportscompletelyoverlookedthemoreprofoundpoliticalimplicationsoftheevents.neglectedforesawexploredassessed12.Teachersandnurseswhodealwithchildrenareobligedtoreportcasesofsuspectedchildabusetoauthorities.remindedexpectedcompelledrequested13.Yourgradewillbebasedinlargepartontheoriginalityofyourideas.creativitypopularityfeasibilityflexibility14.Wesuspectthereisaquiredeliberateattempttosabotagetheelectionsandunderminetheelectoralcommission.consciousdesperateclumsyintentional15.SostrangewerethecircumstancesofmystorythatIcanscarcelybelievemyselftohavebeenapartytothem.justhardlyalmostdefinitely16.Smokeparticlesandotherairpollutantsareoftentrappedintheatmosphere,thusformingdirtyfog.constrainedcaughtconcealedconcentrated17.Employeesinchemicalfactoriesareentitledtoreceiveextrapayfordoinghazardouswork.poisonousdifficultdangerousharmful18.CurtCarlson,thewealthiestmaninMinnesota,ownedahotelandtravelcompanywithsalesreachingintheneighborhoodof$9billion.preciselymerelysubstantiallyapproximately19.Thetendencyofthehumanbodytorejectforeignmatteristhemainobstacletosuccessfulorgantransplantation.factorconstituentbarrierbreak20.WheneveryouneedTom,heisalwaystherewhetheritbeanearorahelpinghand,soyoucanalwaysleanonhim.countonbenefitfromstandforsticktoSectionB21.It____withoutsayingthatconsumerswouldbehappierifpriceswerelower.takesappearsmakesgoes22.Theworldeconomicrecessionputan____endtothesteelmarketupturnthatbeganin2002.irregularillegalabruptabsurd23.I’m____abouthowyoudiscoveredmywebsite,andamverygladifyouenjoyit.mysteriousfuriousseriouscurious24.TheLaborParty’selectoralstrategy,basedonan____withothersmallerparties,hasprovedsuccessful.acquaintanceintegrationallianceintimacy25.Thenewaircraftwillbe____toatestoftemperaturesof-65℃and120℃.suspendedsuppressedsummonedsubjected26.ThemoneyIgotfromteachingonthesidewasauseful____tomyordinaryfitsupplementsubsidyreplacement27.Chinesepeoplearenowenjoyingbetterdentalhealth,asshownbythedeclining____oftoothdecay.treatmentincidenceconsequencemisfortune28.Manycountrieshaveconversationprogramstopreventcertain____offishfrombecomingextinct.speciessourcesnumbersmembers29.Susannevertookanycookerycourses;shelearnedcookingby____usefultipsfromTVcookeryprograms.pickingupbringingupputtinguppullingup30.ThePresident_____hisdeputytoactforhimwhilehewasmotedsubstitutedauthorizeddisplacedPartIIIReadingComprehension(45minutes,30points,1foreach)PassageOneUntillastspring,NiaParkerandtheotherkidsinherneighborhoodcommutedtoschoolonBus59.Butasfuelpricesrose,theschooldistrictneededtofindawaytocutitstransportationcosts.Sotheschool’sbusingcompanyredrewitsroutemap,eliminatingNia’sbusaltogether.NowNiaandherneighborstravelthehalfmiletoschoolviaa“walkingschoolbus”—agroupofkids,supervisedbyanadultortwo,whomakethewalktogether.Liketherestofus,schooldistrictsarefeelingpinchedbyrisingfuelcosts—andfindingnewwaytoadapt.Thepriceofdieselfuelhasgoneup34percentinthepasttwoyears.ForthetypicalAmericanschooldistrict,busbillstotal5percentofthebudget.Asadministratorslooktotrim,busingisaninvitingtarget,sinceitdoesn’taffectclassroominstruction(ortestscores).MorethanonethirdofAmericanschooladministratorshaveeliminatedbusstopsorroutesinordertostaywithinbudget.Manyparentsaredelightedtoseetheirkidswalkingtoschool,partlybecausemanydidsothemselves:accordingtoa1969survey,nearlyhalfofschoolkidswalkedorbikedtoschool,comparedwithonly16percentin2001.Modernparentshavebeenunwillingtoletkidswalktoschoolforfearoftraffic,crimeorsimplebullying,butwithorganizedadultsupervision,thoseconcernshavediminished.Schoolsandbusingcompaniesarefindingotherwaystosave.Inruralareaswherebusingisamust,someschoolshaveevenchosenfour-dayschoolweeks.Busingcompaniesinstructdriverstoeliminateextrastopsfromroutesandtoturnofftheenginewhileidling.Theyarealsousingcomputersoftwaretodeterminethemostfuel-efficientroutes,whicharen’talwaystheshortestones.Therecouldbedownsides,however,tothebusingcutbacks.Ifeveryformerlybusedstudentbeginswalkingtoschool,it’sanenvironmentalwin—butiftoomanyoftheirparentsdecidetodrivetheninstead,theoverallcarbonfootprintcangrow.Replacingbuseswithmanymoreparent-drivencarscanalsoincreasesafetyrisks:A2002reportconcludedstudentsare13timessaferonaschoolbusthaninapassengercar,sincebuseshavefeweraccidentsandwithstandthembetterduetotheirsize.Andsomestudentscomplainaboutthelongmorninghikes,particularlywhentheroutecontainsareallybighill.31.The“walkingschoolbus”_____.A．doesnotconsumefuelB．aimstokeepchildrenfitC．seldomcausestrafficjamsD．ispopularwithschoolkids32.InAmericatheresponsibilityforbusingkidstoschoollieswith____.A．individualschoolsB．schooldistrictsC．teacherD．parents33.Asregardswalkingtoschool,modernparentsseemmuchconcernedwiththe_____.A．timespentonthewayB．changesintherouteC．kid’sphysicalstrengthD．safetyoftheirchildren34.Tosavemoney,someschoolschooseto_____.A．taketheshortestroutesB．shortentheschoolweekC．givedrivesbettertrainingD．usefuelefficientbuses35.Busingcutbacksmayeventuallyleadto_____.A．fiercecompetitionamongbuscompaniesB．morestudentstakingpublictransportationC．anincreaseincarbondioxideemissionsD．adecreaseinthesafetyofschoolbuses36.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetowardsbusingcutbacks?A．FavorableB．CriticalC．ObjectiveD．IndifferentPassageTwoPeoplearelivinglongerthanever,butforsomereason,womenarelivinglongerthanmen.AbabyboybornintheUnitedStatesin2003canexpectstolivetobeabout73,ababygirl,about79.Thisisindeedawidegap,andnoonereallyknowswhyitexists.Thegreaterlongevity（长寿）ofwomen,however,hasbeenknownforcenturies.Itwas,forexample,describedintheseventeenthcentury.However,thedifferencewassmallerthen–thegapisgrowing.Anumberofreasonshavebeenproposedtoaccountsforthedifferences.Thegapisgreatestinindustrializedsocieties,soithasbeensuggestedthatwomenarelesssusceptibletoworkstrainsthatmayraisetheriskofheartdiseaseandalcoholism.Sociologistsalsotellusthatwomenareencouragedtobelessadventurousthanmen(andthismaybewhytheyaremorecarefuldrivers,involvedinfeweraccidents).Evensmokinghasbeenimplicatedintheagediscrepancy.Itwasoncesuggestedthatworkingwomenaremorelikelytosmokeandasmorewomenenteredtheworkforce,theagegapwouldbegintoclose,becausesmokingisrelatedtoearlierdeaths.Now,however,weseemorewomensmokingandtheystilltendtolivelongeralthoughtheirlungcancerrateisclimbingsharply.Onepuzzlingaspectoftheproblemisthatwomendonotappeartobeashealthyasmen.Thatis,theyreportfarmoreillnesses.Butwhenamanreportsanillness,itismorelikelytobeserious.Someresearchershavesuggestedthatmenmaydieearlybecausetheirhealthismorestronglyrelatedtotheiremotions.Forexample,mentendtodiesoonerafterlosingaspousethanwomendo.Menevenseemtobemoreweakenedbylossofajob.(Bothofthesearelinkedwithamarkeddecreaseintheeffectivenessoftheimmunesystem.)Amongmen,deathfollowsretirementwithanalarmingpromptness.Perhapswearesearchingfortheanswerstooclosetothesurfaceoftheproblem.Perhapstheanswersliedeeperinourbiologicalheritage.Afterall,thephenomenonisnotisolatedtohumans.Femaleshavetheedgeamongvirtuallyallmammalian(哺乳动物的)species,inthattheygenerallylivelonger.Furthermore,inmanyofthesespeciesthedifferencesbeginatthemomentofconception;therearemoremalemiscarriages（流产）.Inhuman,afterbirth,morebabyboysthanbabygirlsdie.37.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Men’slifespanremainsalmostunchanged.B．ResearchershavefoundthecauseoftheagegapC．Themoreadvancedasociety,thegreatertheagegap.D．Theagegapwasnoticedonlyrecently.38.AsissuggestedinParagraph2,thetwofactorsrelevanttowomen’slongerlifespanare____.A．diseasesandroadaccidentsB．industrializationandworkstrainsC．theirimmunitytoheartdiseaseandrefusalofalcoholD．theirenduranceofworkstrainsandreluctanceforadventure39.AccordingtoParagraph3,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A．Thegreatnumberofmalesmokerscontributestotheagegap.B．Thegrowingnumberofsmokingwomenwillnarrowtheagegap.C．Femaleworkersaremorelikelytosmokethanmakeworkers.D．Smokingdoesnotseemtoaffectwomen’slongevity.40.Whichofthefollowingphenomenamakesresearcherspuzzled?A．Men’shealthismorecloselyrelatedtotheiremotions.B．Thoughmoreliabletoillnesses,womenstilllivelonger.C．Menshowworsesymptomsthanwomenwhentheyfallill.D．Quiteanumberofmendiesoonaftertheirretirement.41.Theword“edge”inParagraph6means“_____”.A．marginB．sideC．advantageD．quality42.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．Thegreaterlongevityofwomenremainsamystery.B．Thatwomenarehealthierthanmenwellexplainstheirlongevity.C．Peoplearelivinglongerasaresultofindustrialization.D．Womenarelessemotionallyaffectedbydifficultiesinlife.PassageThreeManyareawareofthetremendouswasteofenergyinourenvironment,butfailtotakeadvantageofstraightforwardopportunitiestoconserve