新概念第一册短语总结

新概念第一册短语总结新概念第一册短语总结新概念第一册短语总结xxx公司新概念第一册短语总结文件编号：文件日期：修订次数：第1.0次更改批准审核制定方案设计，管理制度新概念第一册短语总结（下）73-144课时间:2011-10-0709:15来源:未知作者:SunScene点击:1058次Lesson71801实义动词的过去形式规则变化看LookLooked在动词后边直接+ed打扫CleanCleaned开OpenOpened打开TurnTurned听ListenListened刮ShaveShaved以e结尾后直接+d到达ArriveArrived倒空EmptyEmptied辅音+y变y为i+ed不Lesson71–801实义动词的过去形式规则变化看LookLooked在动词后边直接+ed打扫CleanCleaned开OpenOpened打开TurnTurned听ListenListened刮ShaveShaved以e结尾后直接+d到达ArriveArrived倒空EmptyEmptied辅音+y变y为i+ed不规则变化做Do/doesDidDone看见SeeSawSeen说SaySaidSaid讲SpeakSpokeSpoken有HaveHadHad丢失LoseLostLost知道KnowKnewKnown给GiveGaveGiven遇见MeetMetMet喝DrinkDrankDrunk走GoWentGone游泳SwimSwamSwum割CutCutCut买BuyBoughtBought穿WearWoreWorn感觉FeelFeltFelt来ComeCameCome得到GetGotGot/gotten听到HearHeardHeard2一般过去时态标志Justnow刚才四种形式...ago…之前Sbdidsthyesterday昨天Sbdidn’tdo..Lastnight昨晚DidsbdoLastyear去年WhatdidyoudoyesterdayIn1995在1995年3名词time不可数时间可数次数WhatisthetimeHephonestwotimes.几点钟了他打了两次电话4副词(…地)修饰动词KnowLondonwell熟悉伦敦Smilepleasantly愉悦地笑Readslowly慢慢地读Shavehurriedly很快地刮胡子Cutbadly糟糕地割Eatquickly很快地吃Drinkthirstily饥渴地喝Greetsbwarmly热情地打招呼Workhard努力地工作swimwell游泳游的好5动词短语Speaktosb对某人讲话Saysthtosb对某人说..Answerthephone接电话Loseone’sway迷路Saytooneself自言自语Takeoutaphrasebook拿出笔记本Asksbtheway问某人路Haveanappointment约定Comeat10amonMonday周一10点来Feelawful感到痛苦的Lookuncomfortable看起来不舒服Iamafraidthat…我恐怕+句子Ihopethat…我希望+句子Makeashoppinglist做购物单Needalotofthings需要很多东西Beinfashion流行中beoutoffashion过时Apairofshoes一双鞋6必须去某地作某事Imustgotothegrocer’stogetsomeeggs.greengrocer’sbeans.butcher’smeat.newsagent’senvelopes.baker’sbread.chemist’smedicine.7穿的动作和状态Puton动作Heputonhiscoatandleft.Wear状态Heiswearingthecoat.8有havegot=have/haven’tgot=don’thaveLesson81–90Have短语洗澡HaveabathTakeabath吸烟HaveacigaretteSmoke喝威士忌HaveaglassofwhiskyDrinkaglassofwhisky吃晚餐HavedinnerEatdinner吃午餐HavelunchEatlunch理发HaveahaircutCut吃饭HaveamealEatameal度假HaveaholidayGoonaholiday游泳HaveaswimSwim上课Havealesson开晚会Haveaparty玩的高兴HaveagoodtimeEnjoyoneself吃饼干HaveabiscuitTakeabiscuit现在完成时定义：过去某事动作对现在产生影响或结果肯定SbhavedonesthSbhasdonesthAlready已经Yet还没Just刚刚Never从未Ever曾经For+时段Since+过去自从否定Shhaven’tdonesthSbhasn’tdonesth一般疑问HaveyoudonesthHashedonesth特殊疑问WhathaveyoudoneWhathashedoneDone是动词过去分词3动词原形过去式过去分词DoDidDoneIsam/areWas/wereBeenHave/hasHadHadGoWentGoneSeeSawSeenCutCutCutPutPutPutReadReadReadSetSetSetShutShutShutComeCameComeGiveGaveGivenSwimSwamSwumTakeTookTakenEatAteEatenRiseRoseRisenSpeakSpokeSpoken4打包裹Packone’scases呆在家Stayathome原谅一片乱Excusethemess上演什么Whatison巴黎之春ParisinSpring天气糟Theawfulweather一直下雨Itrainedallthetime仍在工作Stillworkonit撞电线杆Driveintothelamp-post说实话Totellyouthetruth代售Forsale在农村Inthecountry它花费多少Howmuchdoesitcost分文必值It’swprtheverypennyofit女人说的算Womenalwayshavethelastword.5经典完成时句型完成vs过去HaveyoudonesthYes,IhaveWhendidyoudoitIdidit+过去时间完成Vs将来HaveyoudonesthNonIhaven’t.WhenwillyoudoitIwilldoit+将来时间曾经去过Sbhavebeento+某地已经去了Sbhavegoneto+某地刚刚做了（完成）sbhavejustdone刚才做的（过去）sbdidsthjustnow已经做了Sbhavealreadydonesth还没做Sbhaven’tdonesthyet做某事了吗Havesbdonesthyet做某事多久Sbhavedonesthfor+时间段曾经做过Sbhaveeverdonesth还没做过Sbhaveneverdonesth曾经做过吗Haveyoueverdonesth自从过去，某人就一直做Sbhavedonesthsince+过去时间点/过去时间段ago/过去时句子Lesson91–1001搬家Moveto/in/into想念Misssb带我问候他Givehimmyregards约定Makeanappointment隔壁邻居Next-doorneighbour下个月Nextmonth大下个月Themonthafternext目前此刻Atthemoment飞往西班牙FlytoSpain几乎各国Nearlyeverycountry往返票Returntickets大量时间Plentyoftime赶火车Catchthetrain错过火车Missthetrain五小时之后Infivehours’time去伦敦的火车ThetraintoLondon把柄上有标签Alabelonthehandle上边带有名字和地址Withone’snameandaddressonit怎么啦Whatisthematter跌落下楼Falldownstairs伤到自己Hurtoneself尝试做Trytodosth立刻Atonce起立站立Standup让我帮助你Letmehelpyou需要X光NeedanX-ray2最好做最好不做SbhadbetterdosthSbhadbetternotdoHadbetter是情态动词没有人称数变化不得不做不必做SbhavetodosthSbhastodosthSbwillhavetodosthSbhadtodosthSbdon’thavetodoSbdoesn’thavetodoSbwon’thavetodoSbdidn’thavetodoHaveto是实义动词有人称数变化3long(adj)Belongto(v)AlongrulerSthbelongtosbTherulerislong区分形容词与实义动词Thebookbelongstome,itdoesn’tbelongtoher.4一般过去vs一般将来肯定SbdidsthSbwilldosth否定Sbdidn’tdo.Sbwon’tdosth一般Didsbdo..Willsbdosth特殊Whatdid/willsbdoWii与did为助动词帮助提问与否定一般将来时标志：Tomorrow/thedayaftertomorrowNextmonth/themonthafternextyearIntenminutes’time/inthefuture一般过去标志：in1998/Tenminutesago/amonthago/lastyear5有的用法havehavegot肯定SbhavesthSbhavegot否定Sbdon’thaveSbhaven’tgot一般Doyouhave.Haveyougot.特殊WhatdoyouhaveWhathaveyougot6形容词性物主代词vs名词性物主代词Itismybook.It’smine.Itbelongstome.Theyarehisbooks.They’rehis.Thesebooksbelongtohim.Belongtous-ouroursBelongtoyou–youryoursBelongtothem-theirTheirs7实义动词后接宾语从句Ithinkthat+heistired.Hethinksthat+shefeelsthirsty.Webelievethat+hehasgotacold.Sheknowsthat+heneedsalicence.Heunderstandsthat+hemustcatchthebus.8be+形容词+宾语从句Beafraidthat+句子恐怕~Besorrythat+句子抱歉~Besurethat+句子确信~上述实义动词say/know/believe和下边的be动词应该与宾语从句时态保持一这9描述descirbe(v)description(n)Pilot飞行员The站台英国皇家空军Lesson101–1101直接引语vs间接引语直‘IhavejustarrivedinS’hesays.间HesayshehasjustarrivedinS.直‘Iamstayinginahotel.’Hesays.间Hesaysheisstayinginahotel.直‘Iwillwritealettersoon’,hesays间Hesayshewillwritealettersoon.直‘Ihopeyouareallwell.’Hesays间Hesayshehopesweareallwell直接引语变间接引语人称变化全用现在范畴的时态2介词短语后置定语ThetraintoLondon去伦敦的火车AcardfromJimmy吉米的明信片Theguynexttome挨着我的那家伙3到达gettoGettoschoolGet+副词GethomeArriveinScotland大地方Arriveatthevillage小地点Reach+某地没有介词4the.青招协TheYouthHostelsAssociationSpeakup大点声Soon很快Writemuchonacard卡片上写很多Passtheexam通过考试Howabout关于~怎么样FailtheFrenchpaper法语考试没及格Sixteenofthequestions问题中的16个Answertherest回答其它的Getalowmark得低分Cheerup振作Atthetopofthepaper在卷子顶部Dotoobadly做的太差Forthreehours三个小时Clever/stupid聪明-愚蠢Cheap/expensive便宜-昂贵Fresh/stale新鲜-馊了Low/loud低-高Sweet/sour甜-酸Soft/hard软-硬Befullofmistakes满是错误Makeamistake犯错误Besorryabout抱歉Intelligent聪明的Dictionary字典Apresentforsb给某人礼物Howdoyouspell..如何拼写~Correecttheexercise(v)改正练习Itiscorrect(adj)正确的Keepit保留Keeptheroomclean保持房间干净4too/very/enoughToo太Thequestionistoodifficult否定用Too..toHeistootiredtowalkon太而不能VeryHeisverycleverEnoughHeisoldenoghtogotoschoolToo..to..与so..that..转化5want用法Wantsth想得到某物Wanttodosth想去做Wantsbtodosth想让某人做Don’twantsbtodosth不想让某人做6tell用法Tellsbaboutsth告诉某人关于Tellsbtodosth告诉某人去做Tellsbnottodosth告诉某人不做7形容词比较级最高级SmallSmallerSmallestPrettyPrettierPrettiestLargeLargerLargestTallTallerTallestHotHotterHottestHeavyHeavierHeaviestLittleLessLeastFewFewerFewestMany/muchMoreMostGoodBetterBest两者A比B更A+be+adj比较级thanBA+bethe形容词最高级+范围(inChina)Intheworld/ofthemall/ofthethreeOneandahalfteaspoonfuls一勺半Infashion流行outoffashion过时Lesson111–120形容词原形比较级最高级正常变化比较级后边+er最高级后边+esttalltallertallestshortshortershortestlonglongerlongest重读闭音节双写尾字母+er/esthothotterhottestthinthinnerthinnest辅音+y结尾的变y为i+er/estheavyheavierheaviesthappyhappierhappiest多音节形容词前边+more/mostexpensiveMoreexpensiveMostexpensiveInterestingLessinterestingLeastinteresting特殊形式形容词比较级最高级goodbetterbestwellmanymoremostmuchlittlelessleastfarfartherfarthestfurtherfurthestoldolderoldesteldereldest修饰形容词比较级的程度副词有Much/alittle/far+adj比较级形容词最高级一般有范围Intheworld/ofthemall/inourclass形容词同级比较肯定A和B一样~的Aisas+adj原形+asBThispencilisasbluntasthatone.否定A不和B一样的Aisnotas/so+adj原形+asBHeisnotasfatashiswife.形容词同级比较否定形式与比较级的转化同级Heisn’tastallashisbrother.比较级Heisshorterthanhisbrother.Hisbrotheristallerthanhe/him.不定代词Some一些肯定句Any一些否定疑问None没有Ihavegotnone.No=notanyIhavenofriends.Idon’thaveanyfriends.肯定倒装Heisbusy,soamI.IlikeEnglish,sodoeshe.Hegotupearly,sodidwe.Hehasbeenthere,sohaveI.HewillgotoJapan,sowillI.否定倒装Iamnotateacher,neitherishe.Hedoesn’thaveacar,neitherdoI.Iwon’tbutthehouse,neitherwillshe.Hehasn’tseenthefilm,neitherhasTom.Ididn’tplay,neitherdidhe.每一个没有任何某一个everynoneanysomeeveryoneNooneanyonesomeoneeverybodyNobodyanybodysomebodyeverythingnothinganythingsomethingeverywherenowhereanywheresomewhere不定代词作主语谓语用单数Somethingiswrongwithmywatch.Isthereanythingwrongwithyourbike修饰不定代词的形容词放在其后Heisreadingsomethinginteresting.Iwantsomethingtodrink.过去进行时肯定句Sbwas/weredoingsth否定句Sbwasn’t/weren’tdoingsth一般疑问Was/WeresbdoingsthWashedoinghisworkwhenthetelephonerang特殊疑问Whatwas/weresbdoing…WhatwereyoudoingwhenIcame标志词：when当~时–有突然之意While当~时–有‘而’转折之意Justas~正当thistimeyesterday昨天这个时候Lesson121–130定语……的修饰名词作用形容词作定语AlongumbrellaTwoexpensivebooks介词短语作定语Thebookonthecounter柜台上的书Theboyintheroom房间里的孩子句子作定语该句子叫定语从句站在桌子后边的女人TheladywhoisstandingbehindthedeskLady是先行词who是关系代词也叫引导词引导定语从句修饰先行词翻译成……的关系代词在定语从句中充当主语或者宾语的成分先行词关系代词定语从句指人在定语从句中做主语用who/that关系代词不可以省略Themanwho/thatlosthisbookswasverysad.Heisthemanthat/whoislookingforthekeys.指人关系代词在定语从句中作宾语who/whom/that/~关系代词可以省略Heisthemanwho/whom/that/~youarelookingfor.Theteacherwho/who/that/~youtalkedaboutjustnowisfromAmerica.指物在定语从句中关系代词做主语不可省that/whichThebookswhich/thatareonthecounterareexpensive.Thedogwhich/thatiscarryingthebagismine.指物在定语从句中关系代词做宾语可省that/which/~Thisistheshipthat/which/~wetravelledonwhenwewereinAustralia.Thephotographwhich/that/~Itookduringthejourneyisinthebag.关系代词在定从做主语或者宾语的区别：去掉关系代词后若定语从句中有主语，关系代词做宾语。若去掉关系代词后，定语从句中没有主语，则关系代词在定语从句中做主语，并且不可以省略。不得不haveto使役动词必须must原形Ihavetodosth否定形式为:不必做某事Sbdon’t/doesn’t/didn’t/won’t+haveto单三Hehastodosth过去Wehadtodosth将来Iwillhavetodosth完成IhavehadtodosthNeed实意动词+动词不定式或名词Need+todosthDon’t/deson’tneedtodoNeedsthDon’t/doesn’tneedsth情态动词+动词原形Ineedn’tgonow.猜测May可能–情态动词肯定SbmaydosthHemaybeten.HemaycomeItmaynotbehis.否定SbmaynotdosthItmaynotberainy.Hemaynotberight.疑问MayIcomein现在时猜测肯定Sbmustbe+adj/n/介词/doingItmustbehisnewhat.一定是否定Sbcan’tbe+adj/n/介词/doingItcan’tbeJanuarythesecond.Itcan’tberaining.一定不是过去时猜测肯定SbmusthavedonesthSbmusthavebeen…Hemusthavedonehishomework.Itmusthavebeenhisoldhat.Hemusthavebeensleeping.否定Sbcan’thavedonesthSbcan’thavebeen…Itcan’thaverainedlastnight.Hecan’thavebeenadentist.Hecan’thavebeenreading.Lesson131–1381短语度假Spendone’sholidays出国Goabroad决定Makeupone’smind(s)花费长时间Ittakesalongtime担心Worryaboutsth买份报纸Buyanewspaper未婚夫Futurehusband结婚Getmarried最新报道Thelatestreport美梦Apleasantdream赢钱Winalotofmoney依靠Dependonsb2Maybe/maybe的区别May+do/beMay情态动词+动词原形肯定Hemaybeinhisroom.Hemaygotothecinema.否定Theymaynotbebusy.Imaynotcometomoroow.Maybe+句子Perhaps+句子Maybeheisinhisroom.Maybetheyaren’tbusy.3过去猜测Mayhavedone可能曾做过Mayhavebeen可能曾经是肯定Hemayhavebeenthere.Hemighthaveseenherbefore.否定Hemaynothavedonethework.4直接引语间接引语直接引语：直接引述别人的话语，并置于引号之内的‘Iamgoingtoretire.’Hesaid.间接引语：用自己的语言转述别人的话语，称为间接引语，间接一般构成宾语从句Hesaidhewasgoingtoretire.直接变间接：人称变化时态后退陈述语序一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时现在完成时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时*如果直接引语是客观真理间接时态不变直：‘Iamnotgoingtomakeafilm.’shesaid间：Shesaidthatshewasnotgoingtomakeafilm.直：‘Ifeeltired.’Shesaid间：Shesaidthatshefelttired.直：‘Idon’twanttomakeanotherfilm’shesaid.间：shesaidshedidn’twanttomakeanotherfilm.直：‘Ihavejustmadeafilm.’Shetoldme间：shetoldmeshehadjustmadeafilm.6使役动词让某人做某事LetLetmemakeanotherfilmMakeMakehimstandinclass7区分late/later/latest/latelyLate晚(adj/adv)Belateforschool(adj)Gotoschoollate(adv)Later后来SometimelaterThreedayslaterLatest最新的ThelatestnewsLately最近Ihaven’tseenhimlately.8条件状语从句:if是连词连接条件状语从句，另外一个句子叫主句，主句用一般将来时，主句也可以用情态动词火祈使句。主句为将来时Ifyoubreakthewindow,youwillhavrtopayforit.主句为情态动词Ifhesellshisoldcar,hecanbuyanewone.主句为祈使句Ifthefoodsmellsbad,throwitaway.9赢钱Winalotofmoney周游世界Travelroundtheworld赢足彩Winthefootballpools为~付款Payforsomething错过火车Missthetrain感觉更好Fellwell/better伤到自己Hurtoneself那就是为什么Thatwaswhy+句子最好别做Hadbetternotdosth想让某人做wantsbtodosth告诉某人（别）做tellsb(not)todosth罚款某人Chargesb超过某人OvertakesomebodyLesson139-1441直接引语变间接引语：said/toldsb+句子时态后退人称变化陈述语序一般疑问句变间接引语变成由‘是否’whether/if引导的陈述句子直：‘Areyoutired’heasks间：Heasksifyouaretired.直：‘Willyoubelate’heasks间：HeasksifIwillbelate.直：‘DoesMaryneedanyhelp’Sheasked间：SheaskedifMaryneededanyhelp.直：‘Whyareyouworried’Heasked间：HeaskedwhyIwasworried.特殊疑问句变间接引语变成由特殊疑问词+陈述句的形式直：‘Whatareyoutalkingabout’heasks间：HeaskswhatIamtalkingabout.直：‘Whenwillyoufinish’Idon’tknow间：Idon’tknowwhenyouwillfinish.直：‘Whatdoyouwant’Heasked间：HeaskedwhatIwanted.直：‘WhatisMary’sbrotherreading’heasked间：HeaskedwhatMary’sbroth