中考英语二轮复习学案（十一）情态动词讲解与练习

PAGE31PAGE专题十二情态动词★情态动词的位置、语法特征★情态动词的用法考点一：情态动词的语法特征1、情态动词放在谓语动词之前。2、情态动词接动词原形。3、情态动词没有人称、数的变化4、情态动词没有不定式、分词等形式考点二：情态动词的用法1.can,could的用法①.表示“能”。could是can的过去式②.在口语中could常常代替can表示委婉提出请求。③.表示否定猜测“一定不是…”2.may,might的用法①.表示“可以，可能”might是may的过去式。Yes,youmay.②.MayI…?表示请求许可No,youmustn’t.（注意否定回答）3.must的用法①.“必须”Yes,…must.②.Must…?No,…needn’t.（注意否定回答）③.表示肯定猜测“一定是…”4.need的用法①.作为情态动词+V原形（一般用于否定句或疑问句）Yes,…must.（注意肯定回答）②.作为情态动词Need…?No,…needn’t.③.作为实义动词：needtodosth.需要做某事needdoingsth.需要被…5.shall,should的用法①.shall用作情态动词，常用一般疑问句，与第一人称连用，表示征求意见。Eg:Shallwegofishing?②.should应该，不能看作shall的过去式。Eg:Weshouldworkhard.6.will,would的用法①.表示“愿意”。Would是will的过去式Eg:Shecanstayathomeifshewill.②.表示请求，用would比will委婉。Eg:Wouldyoupleaselookaftermydog?7.情态动词表推测的用法①.肯定句中一般用must(一定)，may(可能)，might/could(也许，或许)，其中must表推测的语气最强，其余依次减弱。这本书一定是她的，她的名字在上面。Thebookmustbehers.Hernameisonit.他一定在跑步。Hemustberunning.他们可能知道去图书馆的路。Theymayknowthewaytothelibrary.②否定句中一般用can't/couldn't(不可能)。那个人不可能是李老师，因为他去伦敦了。Thatmancan'tbeMr.Li,becausehehasgonetoLondon.③疑问句中用can/could(能)。这件红毛衣会是汤姆的吗？—CantheredsweaterbeTom's?不，不可能。他不能忍受红色。—No,itcan't.Hecan'tstandred考点三：易混知识点1、比较can和beableto①.can/could表示能力，只有现在式和过去式。②.beableto可用各种时态2、haveto不得不（客观）否don’thaveto不必must必须（主观）否mustn’t不准3、hadbetter最好+V原形hadbetternot最好不+V原形（注意否定在better后加not.）hadbetterhave+V过分“本来最好…”（表示与事实相反的结果）eg:Youhadbetterhavecomeearlier.你本该来得早点。4、wouldrather宁愿+V原形wouldrathernot宁愿不+V原形（注意否定在rather后加not.）wouldrather…V原…than…V原“宁愿…而不愿…”(wouldsooner,hadrather,hadsooner都表示“宁愿，宁可”)Eg:Iwouldratherstayherethangohome.=Iwouldstayhereratherthangohome.▲：练习()1.MustImopupthefloornow?No,you.A.needn’tB.can’tC.shouldn’tD.mustn’t()2.IsthemanoverthereMr.Brown?Itbehim.He’smuchshorter.A.mustB.can’tC.needn’tD.may()3.TheyplayfootballlastFridaybecauseSimonforgottobringhisfootballhere.A.couldB.couldn’tC.canD.can’t()4.Ihaveaticket,please?Sorry,sir.Alltheticketsweresoldouttenminutesago.A.MayB.NeedC.MustD.Should()5.Howwastheyouthclublastnight,Mark?Itwasgreatfun.Youcome.A.mustB.canC.shouldD.may.()6.CanItellPeteraboutthenews?No,Idon’twantanyoneelsetoknowit.Youkeepittoyourself.A.mustB.needC.canD.may()7.Itdoesn’tlooklikerain,soyoubringyourumbrellawithyou.A.shouldn’tB.mustn’tC.can’tD.needn’t()8.MustIfinishmyhomeworkatschool?No,you.Youcandoitathome.A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.won’t()9.Alice,pleasebequiet!Theothershearclearly.A.can’tB.mustn’tC.shouldn’t()10.Lily,yourbrotherspeakJapanese?Yes,hehaslearntitinTokyoforthreeyears.A.shouldB.mustC.canD.may()11.Look!Themanattheagebeourheadmaster.Heisalwaysstandingthereeverymorning.No,itbehim.Heisholdingameetingintheofficenow.A.must,can’tB.must,mustn’tC.can’t,can’tD.can’t,mustn’t()12.WhatwouldyousendtoyoursisterastheChristmasgift?Ihaven’tdecidedyet.Isendherahandbag.A.shallB.mayD.mustD.need()13.Susanhasboughtalargehousewithaswimmingpool.Itbeveryexpensive.Ineverevendreamaboutit.A.mustB.mightC.can’tD.shouldn’t()14.NeedIhavetheinformationstored?Yes,I’mafraidyou,sothatyoucanuseitlater.A.canB.mayC.mustD.would()15.Anothercupofcoffee?No,thanks.Ibeoff.Maryiswaitingforme.A.canB.mayC.mustD.might()16.ShallItellJohnaboutit?No,you.Itoldhimjustnow.A.needn’tB.can’tC.mustn’tD.shouldn’t()17.Couldyoupleasecometothemuseumwithmethisafternoon?Sorry,I.Ihavetotakeapianolessonat2pm.A.couldn’tB.mustn’tC.can’tD.needn’t()18.Iborrowthesemagazines?Sorry,onlythemagazinesovertherecanbeborrowed.A.MustB.WouldC.MayD.Need()19.Itakesomephotosinthehall?No,you.A.Can,needn’tB.Must,mustn’tC.Could,won’tD.May,mustn’t()20.Let’sgototheWestHillParkbytaxi.Oh,itisnotfarawayfromhere.Wetakeataxi.couldn’tB.mustn’t