动名词讲解和练习课件

Usefulstructure(30m)Theuseofdoing(动名词)Usefulstructure(30m)Theu1一、动名词的形式

主动形式被动形式一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone一、动名词的形式主动形式被动形式一般式doingbe2（一）动名词的时态：动名词的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,或在谓语动词所发生的动作之后发生.Wewereinterestedinplayingchess.同时Sheislookingforwardtoseeingyouagain.之后动名词的完成式所表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生。I’msorryfornothavingkeptmypromise.（一）动名词的时态：3(二).动名词的语态如果动名词的逻辑主语是动名词的承受着,这时用动名词的被动式.Hewasafraidofbeingleftathome.Thehouseshowednosignofhavingbeendamaged.(二).动名词的语态4注意：主动表示被动1.want/require/need/deserve(应得)doing=want/require/need/deservetobedone2.beworthdoing注意：主动表示被动5三.功能及用法:动名词可作主语,表语,宾语,定语.做主语①动名词直接置于句首主语的位置上。Talkingiseasierthandoing.Collectingstampsishishobby.(谓语用单数）注意：动名词和不定时都可做主语,动名词表示泛指的一般的或抽象的多次性行为;不定式表示具体的或一次性动作.Torefusehimthistimeisnoteasy.Playingwithfireisdangerous.三.功能及用法:动名词可作主语,表语,宾语,定语.6②用形式主语it，把真正的主语——动名词结构移置句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制,作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词，如useful，useless，good，fun；nouse，等。如：It’snouse/nogood/noneeddoingsth.It’sfundoingsth.It’sawasteoftime/moneydoingsth.It’suseless/usefuldoingsth.Thereisnosense/pointdoingsth.Thereisnoneedtodosth

②用形式主语it，把真正的主语——动名词结7玩电脑游戏浪费时间1)____________________________computergames.2)试图和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。_______________________________withShylock．Itisuselesstryingtoargue跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。3)Itisfun_________________________It'sawasteoftimeofplayingworkingwithyou．玩电脑游戏浪费时间Itisuselesstrying82.作表语动名词作表语表示主语的内容常可与主语互换。Myjobisteaching.---Teachingismyjob.Herfavouritesportisplayingfootball.---Playingfootballisherfavouritesport.现在分词也可以做表语,多是形容词化的分词.Thebookisinteresting.2.作表语9

3.作宾语.动名词作宾语有两种情况。一是有些动词只能后接动名词作宾语；二是有些动词既可后接动名词也可后接不定式作宾语。①只能后接动名词作宾语的动词，常见的有avoid，consider，enjoy，keep，finish，suggest，dislike，delay，escape，cannothelp，imagine，mind，miss，practise，cannotstand等。如：Ican’tavoidgoing．Haveyouconsideredgoingtothezoo?

这类动词还有：excuse，fancy，giveup，putoff，risk等。3.作宾语.10为了便于记忆，特归纳如下：后跟-ing的动词的顺口溜：避免，错过，（少）延期建议，完成，（多）练习喜欢，想象，禁不住承认，否定，（又）妒忌逃避，冒险，（多）原谅忍受，保持，（不）介意avoid,miss,postpone/putoffsuggest,finish,practiceenjoy,imagine,can’thelpadmit,deny,envyescape,risk,excusestand,keep,mind为了便于记忆，特归纳如下：后跟-ing的动词的顺口溜：避免，11②既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词，常见的有：begin，start，continue，like，love，prefer，mean，forget，remember，hate等。A．在like，love，hate，prefer等动词之后，用-ing或不定式意义上没有什么不同,只是侧重点有些不同,动名词表示泛指的动作，不定式表示具体的一次性动作。B．在begin/start，continue之后，用动名词和不定式，意义无甚区别，尤其是当主语是人的时候。C．在动词forget，remember，regret之后，用动名词与不定式意义不同。动名词表示动作先于谓语发生，不定式表示后于谓语动作，如：②既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词，常见的有：begin12Irememberpostingtheletter．我记得我已把信寄了。2)I’llremembertoposttheletter．我会记着去寄信的。3)Ishallneverforgetseeingthefamouswriter．__________________________________________________4)Don’tforgettowritetoyourmother．__________________________________________________

5)

我真后悔没赶上那次报告会。

________________________________________________6)我遗憾地告诉你我不能接受你的建议。

________________________________________________我永远不会忘记见到过那位著名作家。

不要忘了给你母亲写信。Iregretmissingthereport．IregrettosayIcan’ttakeyouradvice．Irememberpostingtheletter．13D．在try，mean之后，意义各不相同，如trytodo(设法)，trydoing(试试)，meantodo(打算，有意要做)，meandoing(意思是，意味着)。如：1)我们必须设法及时把一切搞好。

Wemusttrytogeteverythingdoneintime．2)我们用别的方法做这工作试试。Let’strydoingtheworkinginsomeotherway．3)Ididn’tmeantomakeyouangry．_________________________________________________4)Yourplanwouldmeanspendinghours．_________________________________________________我并不想叫你生气。你的计划意味着要花费几个小时。

D．在try，mean之后，意义各不相同，如trytod14E·goondoing和goontodogoondoing继续做一直在做的事；goontodo接着做另一件事。如：1)请接着做这同一个练习。________________________thesameexercise．2)请做另外一个练习。________________________theotherexercise．F．stopdoing与stoptodo:Stopdoing停止做，stoptodo停下正在干的事去干另一件事。如：我们停止了交谈。________________________________我们停了下来去谈话。____________________________PleasegoondoingPleasegoontodoWestoppedtalking．Westoppedtotalk．E·goondoing和goontodoPle15A.作介词宾语.动名词可与介词一起构成介词短语。A．介词+动名词，如：1)我们得想些法子改变人们的习惯。We’vegottothinkofwaysofchangingpeople’shabits.2)我向你道歉，刚才对你那样生气。Iapologizeforbeingsoangrywithyou.A.作介词宾语.动名词可与介词一起构成介词短语。A．16

B．动词+介词+动名词，如：1)我坚持为这次出行带足需要的食物。

Iinsistontakingproperfoodforthisexpedition．2)同学们脸上没有笑容，相反都做了怪脸。_________________，eachofthemmadeaface．她对为我们公司工作很感兴趣。

Shewasvery________________________forourcompany．InsteadofsmilinginterestedinworkingB．动词+介词+动名词，如：Insteadofsmil17下列短语中的to都是介词，所以后面跟名词或-ing形式:习惯于旧方式的人坚持反对新事物,这样导致许多献身于科学的人被宣判为大逆不道.不喜欢这种事实的人谈到此事时,总期待着注意自己的努力使它开始认真对待.下列短语中的to都是介词，所以后面跟名词或-ing形式:习惯18习惯于be/getusedto坚持stickto反对objectto导致leadto献身于devoteto被宣判besentencedto谈到

whenitcomesto...期待lookforwardto开始getdownto注意payattentionto习惯于be/getusedto谈到whenitc194.作定语动名词作定语常表示所修饰词的词用途或使用目的,

如：aswimmingpool=apoolforswimming

thewaitingroom=theroomforwaitingasleepingcar=acarforsleeping而现在分词作定语表示所修饰词动作或状态asleepingboy=aboywhoissleeping4.作定语20四.动名词的复合结构是指动名词可以有逻辑主语，通常是形容词性物主代词(his,my,their…)，或名词所有格(Mary’s,Jim’s…)，

即形容词性物主代词或名词所有格+doingMary’scomingmadeushappy.Hercomingmadeushappy.HeinsistedonMary’slivingintheroom.四.动名词的复合结构21

1).当动名词复合结构用作主语时，其逻辑主语由形容词性物主代词和名词所有格构成。

1)我姐姐病了，使我很担心。Mysister'sbeingillmadeweworried.

2)你正确未必就意味着我错了。Yourbeingrightdoesn'tnecessarilymean___________________________.mybeingwrong提示:1).当动名词复合结构用作主语时，其逻辑主语由形容词性物222)如动名词复合结构不在句首,可用代词的宾格或名词的普通格+doing构成WearegladatTom/Tom’scoming.Wouldmindme/myopeningthedoor?3).动名词复合结构如为无生命的东西，或不定代词加动名词则不能加’s或s’。Thenoisesofdesksbeingopenedandclosed

couldbeheardinthestreet.2)如动名词复合结构不在句首,可用代词的宾格或名词的普通格23Exercises

Markoftenattemptstoescape____wheneverhebreakstrafficregulations.havingbeenfinedB)tohavebeenfinedC)tobefinedD)beingfine2)Mywifesaidinherletterthatshewouldappreciate____fromyousometime.

A)tohaveheardB)tohear

C)forhearingD)hearing

DDExercisesDD243)Thethieftookawaythewoman'swalletwithout____beingseenB)seeingC)himseeingD)seeinghim4)I'veenjoyed____totalkwithyou.

A)tobeableB)beingable

C)tobeenableD)ofbeingable5)Noonecanavoid____byadvertisements.

A)tobeinfluencedB)beinginfluenced

C)influencingD)havinginfluence

ABB3)Thethieftookawaythewom256)Theyareconsidering____beforethepricesgoup.

A)ofbuyingthehouseB)withbuyingthehouse

C)buyingthehouseD)tobuythehouse

7)IfIhadremembered____thedoor,thethingswouldnothavebeenstolen.

A)tolockB)lockingC)tohavelockedD)shavingslocked

CA6)Theyareconsidering____b268)Yourshirtneeds____.You'dbetterhaveitdonetoday.

A)ironB)toiron

C)ironingD)beingironed

9)Youcan'thelp____commercials;everyfewminutestheprogramisinterruptedtogiveyouoneadvertisementoranother.

A)tohearB)tobeheard

C)hearingD)withhearing

CC8)Yourshirtneeds____.You'2710)Mytransistorradioisn'tworking.It____.

A)needrepairingB)needstorepair

C)needsrepairingD)needtoberepaired

11)Itisnouse____menottoworry.

A)youtellB)yourtelling

C)foryoutohavetoldD)havingtold

CB10)Mytransistorradioisn't2812)Heisverybusy____hispapers.Heisfartoobusy____callers.

A)towrite...toreceiveB)writing...toreceive

C)writing...receivingD)towrite...forreceiving

B13)Pleasestop____,boys,Ihavesomethingimportantto____you.

A)saying...talkB)telling...say

C)talking...speakD)talking...tell

D12)Heisverybusy____hisp2914)Iremember____tohelpusifweevergotsintotrouble.

A)onceofferingB)himonceoffering

C)himtoofferD)toofferhim

15)Johnregretted____tothemeetinglastweek.

A)notgoingB)nottogo

C)notshavingsbeengoingD)nottobegoing

BA14)Iremember____tohelpus3016)Itisdifficulttogetused____inatentafterhavingasoft,comfortablebedtolieon.

A)sleepB)tosleeping

C)sleptD)tosleep

17)Doyoufeellike____outorwouldyourather____dinnerathome?

A)going...tohaveB)togo...tohave

C)togo...havingD)going...have

BD

16)Itisdifficulttogetuse3118)Wecan'timagine____intheentranceexamination,forshehasneverbeentoschool.

A)shesucceedingB)hersucceeding

C)shesucceedD)hertosucceed

19)Idon'tlike____atme.

A)themlaughingB)theirlaugh

C)themlaughD)themtohavelaughed

BA18)Wecan'timagine____inth3220)Wesuggested____inhotelsbutthechildrenwereanxious____out.

A)sleeping...tocampB)sleeping...camping

C)tosleep...tocampD)tosleep...camping

21)Ihavenoobjection____theeveningwiththem.

A)tospendB)tospendingC)ofspendingD)spending

AB20)Wesuggested____inhotels3322)Jeandidnothavetimetogototheconcertlastnightbecauseshewasbusy____forherexamination.

A)toprepareB)tobeprepared

C)preparingD)beingprepared

23)Itisnogood____remembergrammaticalrules.Youneedtopractisewhatyouhavelearned.

A)tryingtoB)totryto

C)trytoD)triedto

CA22)Jeandidnothavetimetog3424)“Whywereyousolateforworktoday?”“____totheofficewasveryslowthismorningbecauseofthetraffic.”

A)DrivingB)Idrove

C)TodriveD)ThatIdrove

25)Itwasimpoliteofhim____without____good-bye.

A)toleave,sayingB)leaving,tosay

C)toleave,tosayD)leaving,saying

AA24)“Whywereyousolateforw35seeyouseeyou36Usefulstructure(30m)Theuseofdoing(动名词)Usefulstructure(30m)Theu37一、动名词的形式

主动形式被动形式一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone一、动名词的形式主动形式被动形式一般式doingbe38（一）动名词的时态：动名词的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,或在谓语动词所发生的动作之后发生.Wewereinterestedinplayingchess.同时Sheislookingforwardtoseeingyouagain.之后动名词的完成式所表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生。I’msorryfornothavingkeptmypromise.（一）动名词的时态：39(二).动名词的语态如果动名词的逻辑主语是动名词的承受着,这时用动名词的被动式.Hewasafraidofbeingleftathome.Thehouseshowednosignofhavingbeendamaged.(二).动名词的语态40注意：主动表示被动1.want/require/need/deserve(应得)doing=want/require/need/deservetobedone2.beworthdoing注意：主动表示被动41三.功能及用法:动名词可作主语,表语,宾语,定语.做主语①动名词直接置于句首主语的位置上。Talkingiseasierthandoing.Collectingstampsishishobby.(谓语用单数）注意：动名词和不定时都可做主语,动名词表示泛指的一般的或抽象的多次性行为;不定式表示具体的或一次性动作.Torefusehimthistimeisnoteasy.Playingwithfireisdangerous.三.功能及用法:动名词可作主语,表语,宾语,定语.42②用形式主语it，把真正的主语——动名词结构移置句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制,作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词，如useful，useless，good，fun；nouse，等。如：It’snouse/nogood/noneeddoingsth.It’sfundoingsth.It’sawasteoftime/moneydoingsth.It’suseless/usefuldoingsth.Thereisnosense/pointdoingsth.Thereisnoneedtodosth

②用形式主语it，把真正的主语——动名词结43玩电脑游戏浪费时间1)____________________________computergames.2)试图和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。_______________________________withShylock．Itisuselesstryingtoargue跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。3)Itisfun_________________________It'sawasteoftimeofplayingworkingwithyou．玩电脑游戏浪费时间Itisuselesstrying442.作表语动名词作表语表示主语的内容常可与主语互换。Myjobisteaching.---Teachingismyjob.Herfavouritesportisplayingfootball.---Playingfootballisherfavouritesport.现在分词也可以做表语,多是形容词化的分词.Thebookisinteresting.2.作表语45

3.作宾语.动名词作宾语有两种情况。一是有些动词只能后接动名词作宾语；二是有些动词既可后接动名词也可后接不定式作宾语。①只能后接动名词作宾语的动词，常见的有avoid，consider，enjoy，keep，finish，suggest，dislike，delay，escape，cannothelp，imagine，mind，miss，practise，cannotstand等。如：Ican’tavoidgoing．Haveyouconsideredgoingtothezoo?

这类动词还有：excuse，fancy，giveup，putoff，risk等。3.作宾语.46为了便于记忆，特归纳如下：后跟-ing的动词的顺口溜：避免，错过，（少）延期建议，完成，（多）练习喜欢，想象，禁不住承认，否定，（又）妒忌逃避，冒险，（多）原谅忍受，保持，（不）介意avoid,miss,postpone/putoffsuggest,finish,practiceenjoy,imagine,can’thelpadmit,deny,envyescape,risk,excusestand,keep,mind为了便于记忆，特归纳如下：后跟-ing的动词的顺口溜：避免，47②既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词，常见的有：begin，start，continue，like，love，prefer，mean，forget，remember，hate等。A．在like，love，hate，prefer等动词之后，用-ing或不定式意义上没有什么不同,只是侧重点有些不同,动名词表示泛指的动作，不定式表示具体的一次性动作。B．在begin/start，continue之后，用动名词和不定式，意义无甚区别，尤其是当主语是人的时候。C．在动词forget，remember，regret之后，用动名词与不定式意义不同。动名词表示动作先于谓语发生，不定式表示后于谓语动作，如：②既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词，常见的有：begin48Irememberpostingtheletter．我记得我已把信寄了。2)I’llremembertoposttheletter．我会记着去寄信的。3)Ishallneverforgetseeingthefamouswriter．__________________________________________________4)Don’tforgettowritetoyourmother．__________________________________________________

5)

我真后悔没赶上那次报告会。

________________________________________________6)我遗憾地告诉你我不能接受你的建议。

________________________________________________我永远不会忘记见到过那位著名作家。

不要忘了给你母亲写信。Iregretmissingthereport．IregrettosayIcan’ttakeyouradvice．Irememberpostingtheletter．49D．在try，mean之后，意义各不相同，如trytodo(设法)，trydoing(试试)，meantodo(打算，有意要做)，meandoing(意思是，意味着)。如：1)我们必须设法及时把一切搞好。

Wemusttrytogeteverythingdoneintime．2)我们用别的方法做这工作试试。Let’strydoingtheworkinginsomeotherway．3)Ididn’tmeantomakeyouangry．_________________________________________________4)Yourplanwouldmeanspendinghours．_________________________________________________我并不想叫你生气。你的计划意味着要花费几个小时。

D．在try，mean之后，意义各不相同，如trytod50E·goondoing和goontodogoondoing继续做一直在做的事；goontodo接着做另一件事。如：1)请接着做这同一个练习。________________________thesameexercise．2)请做另外一个练习。________________________theotherexercise．F．stopdoing与stoptodo:Stopdoing停止做，stoptodo停下正在干的事去干另一件事。如：我们停止了交谈。________________________________我们停了下来去谈话。____________________________PleasegoondoingPleasegoontodoWestoppedtalking．Westoppedtotalk．E·goondoing和goontodoPle51A.作介词宾语.动名词可与介词一起构成介词短语。A．介词+动名词，如：1)我们得想些法子改变人们的习惯。We’vegottothinkofwaysofchangingpeople’shabits.2)我向你道歉，刚才对你那样生气。Iapologizeforbeingsoangrywithyou.A.作介词宾语.动名词可与介词一起构成介词短语。A．52

B．动词+介词+动名词，如：1)我坚持为这次出行带足需要的食物。

Iinsistontakingproperfoodforthisexpedition．2)同学们脸上没有笑容，相反都做了怪脸。_________________，eachofthemmadeaface．她对为我们公司工作很感兴趣。

Shewasvery________________________forourcompany．InsteadofsmilinginterestedinworkingB．动词+介词+动名词，如：Insteadofsmil53下列短语中的to都是介词，所以后面跟名词或-ing形式:习惯于旧方式的人坚持反对新事物,这样导致许多献身于科学的人被宣判为大逆不道.不喜欢这种事实的人谈到此事时,总期待着注意自己的努力使它开始认真对待.下列短语中的to都是介词，所以后面跟名词或-ing形式:习惯54习惯于be/getusedto坚持stickto反对objectto导致leadto献身于devoteto被宣判besentencedto谈到

whenitcomesto...期待lookforwardto开始getdownto注意payattentionto习惯于be/getusedto谈到whenitc554.作定语动名词作定语常表示所修饰词的词用途或使用目的,

如：aswimmingpool=apoolforswimming

thewaitingroom=theroomforwaitingasleepingcar=acarforsleeping而现在分词作定语表示所修饰词动作或状态asleepingboy=aboywhoissleeping4.作定语56四.动名词的复合结构是指动名词可以有逻辑主语，通常是形容词性物主代词(his,my,their…)，或名词所有格(Mary’s,Jim’s…)，

即形容词性物主代词或名词所有格+doingMary’scomingmadeushappy.Hercomingmadeushappy.HeinsistedonMary’slivingintheroom.四.动名词的复合结构57

1).当动名词复合结构用作主语时，其逻辑主语由形容词性物主代词和名词所有格构成。

1)我姐姐病了，使我很担心。Mysister'sbeingillmadeweworried.

2)你正确未必就意味着我错了。Yourbeingrightdoesn'tnecessarilymean___________________________.mybeingwrong提示:1).当动名词复合结构用作主语时，其逻辑主语由形容词性物582)如动名词复合结构不在句首,可用代词的宾格或名词的普通格+doing构成WearegladatTom/Tom’scoming.Wouldmindme/myopeningthedoor?3).动名词复合结构如为无生命的东西，或不定代词加动名词则不能加’s或s’。Thenoisesofdesksbeingopenedandclosed

couldbeheardinthestreet.2)如动名词复合结构不在句首,可用代词的宾格或名词的普通格59Exercises

Markoftenattemptstoescape____wheneverhebreakstrafficregulations.havingbeenfinedB)tohavebeenfinedC)tobefinedD)beingfine2)Mywifesaidinherletterthatshewouldappreciate____fromyousometime.

A)tohaveheardB)tohear

C)forhearingD)hearing

DDExercisesDD603)Thethieftookawaythewoman'swalletwithout____beingseenB)seeingC)himseeingD)seeinghim4)I'veenjoyed____totalkwithyou.

A)tobeableB)beingable

C)tobeenableD)ofbeingable5)Noonecanavoid____byadvertisements.

A)tobeinfluencedB)beinginfluenced

C)influencingD)havinginfluence

ABB3)Thethieftookawaythewom616)Theyareconsidering____beforethepricesgoup.

A)ofbuyingthehouseB)withbuyingthehouse

C)buyingthehouseD)tobuythehouse

7)IfIhadremembered____thedoor,thethingswouldnothavebeenstolen.

A)tolockB)lockingC)tohavelockedD)shavingslocked

CA6)Theyareconsidering____b628)Yourshirtneeds____.You'dbetterhaveitdonetoday.

A)ironB)toiron

C)ironingD)beingironed

9)Youcan'thelp____commercials;everyfewminutestheprogramisinterruptedtogiveyouoneadvertisementoranother.

A)tohearB)tobeheard

C)hearingD)withhearing

CC8)Yourshirtneeds____.You'6310)Mytransistorradioisn'tworking.It____.

A)needrepairingB)needstorepair

C)needsrepairingD)needtoberepaired

11)Itisnouse____menottoworry.

A)youtellB)yourtelling

C)foryoutohavetoldD)havingtold

CB10)Mytransistorradioisn't6412)Heisverybusy____hispapers.Heisfartoobusy____callers.

A)towrite...toreceiveB)writing...toreceive

C)writing...receivingD)towrite...forreceiving

B13)Pleasestop____,boys,Ihavesomethingimportantto____you.

A)saying...talkB)telling...say

C)talking...speakD)talking...tell

D12)Heisverybu