高中英语教学资料达标训练

更上一层楼基础·巩固·达标Ⅰ.将A与B中有关联的单词搭配在一起A：boilrustexpandtongscontractdissolvereactionB：cruciblecooloxideliquidconclusionheatsteam答案：boil—steamrust—oxideexpand—heatcontract—cooltongs—crucibledissolve—liquidreaction—conclusionⅡ.用一个合适的单词完成下列句子1．What’sthe(3letters)ofthisexperiment?2．Weuse(11letters)toprovidepowerformachines.3．Itistimeforushumanbeingstotakemeasurestoprotectalllivingthingstokeepthe(7letters)ofnature.4．Westudentsshouldgotobedearlyandgetupearlyto(4letters)agoodhabit.5．BothteachersandstudentsinourschoolaredeeplyimpressedbyProfessorSmith’s(7letters).6．Ourschoolwasbuiltjustayearagowithmanyadvancedteaching(10letters).7．Iwas(10letters)whenIheardthehospitalhadburntdown.8．Jack，canyouseesomethingred(8letters)inthedistanceonthewater?答案：根据常识推断，应该说“实验的结果(result)/结论(conclusion)或目的(aim)”都可，又因只有三个字母，所以用aim。本句意为“我们用电为机器提供动力”。keepthebalanceofnature意为“保持自然界的生态平衡”。formagoodhabitof...为固定词组，意为“养成……的好习惯”。按常识推断，应该是教授的“演讲”。设备可表示为facility或equipment,但equipment不可数。在本题中many修饰facility，所以用facility的复数形式。本句意为“当听到医院烧成平地的消息时，我惊呆了”。本句意为“你能看见远处水上漂着红色的东西吗？”float与something构成主谓关系，且表示正在进行的动作，所以用float的现在分词形式。Ⅲ.用下面的介词完成句子ofoutinfromat1.Thereactionofmetalswiththesesubstancescanbeputorder.2．Writeouteachcorrectedsentenceleastonce.3．Doanexperimenttofindifironrustsindryair.4．Trytolearnyourmistakes，andyou’llmakeprogress.5．Twothirdstheearth’ssurfaceiswater.答案：put...inorder为固定搭配，意为“把……有序排列”。atleast为固定搭配，意为“至少”。固定短语findout意为“查明白；弄清楚”。learnfrom...意思为“向某人学习；从某事中吸取教训”。of表示所属关系，“……的”。本句意为“地球表面的三分之二是水”。Ⅳ.用所给的短语完成句子add..tointheareaofbeproudofbeinterestedinreactwithbesupposedtoatthebottomofkeepoutofusedto1.Manygreatdiscoverieshavebeenmadescience.2．WealltheChineseathletes’successduringthe28thOlympicGames.3．smokebuthehasgivenitup.4．Pleasesomesugarthetea.5．Ironwaterandairtoproducerust.6．Therearesomeunderwaterplantsthetube.7．Youcleantheblackboardandtheclassroomtoday.8．IveryEnglish.9．thedogthe’tletitin.答案：theareaofintheareaof意为“在……领域”。;proudof短语beproudof意为“对……感到自豪”，we作主语用are。tousedtodo意为“过去常常做某事”，但现在不做了。;toadd...to...意为“在……里添加……”。在祈使句中用动词原形。withreactwith意为“与……反应”，iron为不可数名词，故用reacts。thebottomofatthebottomof意为“在……底部”。supposedtoaresupposedtodo在本句中相当于shoulddo，表示“应该做……”。;interestedin本句意为“我对英语很感兴趣”。;outofkeep...outof意为“把……挡在外面”与下句“别让它进来”意思一致。Ⅴ.根据A句完成B句1．A:Ifyouworkharder，youwillmakegreaterprogress.B:youwork，youwillmake.2．A:ThechairmanthoughtthatitwasnecessarytoinviteProfessorSmithtospeakatthemeeting.B:ThechairmanthoughttoinviteProfessorSmithtospeakatthemeeting.3．A:Generallyspeaking，ifthecameraismoreexpensive，itsqualitywillbebetter.B:Generallyspeaking，thecamera，itsquality.4．A:Thereare64studentsinourofthemaregirls.B:Therearethreetimesasboysinourclass.5．A:Twooutoffivestudentsinourclassaregirls.B:thestudentsinourclassaregirls.答案：harder;thegreaterprogress本题考查了“themore...,themore...”这一句型。在这个句型中，前一部分表条件，相当于if条件句，后一部分表结果，意为“越……就越……”。necessarythink既可接itis/was+adj.+todo句作宾语从句（其中it作形式主语），又可接it+adj.+todo作复合宾语（其中it作形式宾语）。moreexpensive;thebetter在“themore...,themore...”句型中，可以省略谓语(甚至主语、谓语一起省略)。manygirls在“as...as”结构中通常把名词放在两个as中间。fifthsoftwooutoffive意为“五个中有两个”与twofifthsof...(五分之二)意思相同。Ⅵ.将下列词句与其释义搭配1．Wheredowegofromhere?’veunderstood.2．Keepthenoisedown. ’renext.3．You’vegotit! shallwedonext?4．Goahead! quietly.5．It’syourturnnow. canbegin.答案：Ⅶ.单项选择1．Thepianosintheothershopwillbe,but.；notasbetter；notasgood;asbetter ;asgood答案：B此句为省略句，全句应为：Thepianosintheothershopwillbecheaperbutnotasgoodasthoseinthis...as之间的形容词要用原级。 2．—Howdidyoufindyourvisittomuseum?—IthoroughlyenjoyedwasthanIexpected.moreinteresting muchinterestinginteresting interesting答案：A由空格后面的than，可推断前面一定有比较级，故排除B项。3．Iamgladtosaythatshe’salreadyfinished50%ofthebookinthesethreedays.lessthan morethanthan than答案：Anolessthan意为“有……之多；不少于……”；nomorethan意为“仅仅”，不符合题意。4．—It’ssohottoday.—Itsurely’syesterday.degreeshotterthan degreeashotasdegreehotterthan degreesashotas答案：A答语的后半句意为“比昨天热2度”。倍数表达法之一：“数词+adj.或adv.的比较级+than”。5．Iofferedhim,forwhichhethankedmeagainandagain.hehadaskedforthreetimestimeswhathehadaskedforhehadaskedforthreetimestimesthathehadaskedfor答案：B倍数放在whathehadaskedfor(相当于the+n.)之前。6．Thisisattractivecanhardlytearmyselfawayfromit.most most 答案：Amost与不定冠词连用，表示“非常”。7．oftheareaiscoveredbywater. thirdthirds 答案：A本题考查了分数的表达法，即分子大于1，分母加s。8．Helookedquiteyoungthoughhewas.seventy theageofseventyseventies theageofseventies答案：B“他70多岁时”应该是inhisseventies,选项A不正确；attheageofseventy意思是“在70岁时”。9．Thereisalearningtowerabout.feethigh foothighhigh high答案：A180feethigh意为“180英尺高”。10．（北京东城模拟）—Della，I’mthinkingoftakingfivecoursesnextterm.—Wouldn’tfourbe? wisest wiser答案：B用形容词比较级，表示更明智。Ⅷ.根据括号内所给的汉意完成句子1．Thesoupisalittlefresh，soyou’dbetter(加点盐).2．MadamCuriemadeagreatcontribution(在科学领域).3．Irondoesnotrust(在没有空气的水里).4．(他有什么反应)theexperimentalequipmentyouoffered?5．Heisanexcellentchemistryteacher，so(能成为他的学生我很骄傲).6．Whenweputsaltandsugarintowater，theyeasily(溶解)init.7．Ourschoolis(他们学校的两倍大).答案：somesalttoitthearea/fieldofsciencethewaterwithoutair/inairfreewaterwashisreactionto’mveryproudofbeinghisstudentasbigastheirs/twicebiggerthantheirs/twicethesizeoftheirsⅨ.根据括号中的单词或短语写一合适的句子1．—I’vebeentoldthatIfailedthedrivingtest.—(sorry，hearthat)2．YouarewalkingsofastthatI.(not，catchupwith)3．—NextSundayismybestfriend’sbirthday.—?(howabout，birthdaycake)4．—Look!Whydothefarmerscovertheirwindowswithplasticcloth?—.(keepoutof，thecoldair)5．Iusedtodoanythingallbymyself，butnow.(beusedto，workwithothers)答案：’msorrytohearthat.别人说考试没通过，自己应该对此表示遗憾。’tcatchupwithyouso...that表示“如此……以至于”，即答语意为“你走得太快我跟不上”。aboutbuyingherabirthdaycake?此句型表示提建议，即答语意为“给她买个生日蛋糕怎样?”keepoutofthecoldair.即答语意为“为了挡住冷空气，农民们用塑料布把窗户盖起来”,不定式表示目的。amusedtoworkingwithothersbeusedtodoing意为“习惯于做……”,本句意为“以前一切事情我都是自己做，可现在我习惯于同别人合作”。综合·应用·创新Ⅰ.根据课文内容填空Itishardtothinkofaworldwithout.Differentmetalshavedifferent.Whenweusemetals，itistoknowhowtheywithdifferent.Thereactionofmetalswithwaterandoxygencanbeputin.Fromthe,wecanfindpotassiumreactthewithoxygenandwaterwhiledoesn’treactwithwecalciuminoxygen，itburnstoanoxide.Thereisasimplescientificaboutdoesn’trustindryandwater，butrustsinwater.答案：metals;uses;important;react;substances;order;table;most;copper;burn;form;experiment;air;air-free;ordinaryⅡ.阅读理解EdisonandHisExperimentsThomasEdisonwasinterestedinscienceatanearlyordertoearnmoneyforbooksandforhisscientificexperiments，Thomassoldvegetablesfromthefamilyworkdidnotmakeenoughmoney，andsohebegantoselltraveledontrainstosellhisbegantodoexperimentsonthetrainstoo，andhebroughtalotofinstrumentsandchemicalsonrailwaylinewasnotverygood，andonedayatrainsuddenlyshookalotduringahadapieceofphosphorus(磷)amonghisinthetrainshook，andthephosphorusfellonthebegantoburn，asphosphorusoftentrainwassoonconductorofthetrainwassoangrythathethrewThomasandallhisequipmentoffthetrainatthenextstation.AfterthatEdisonworkedasatelegraphanoperatorhehadtoworkatthedayhereadbooksanddidresultwasthathewasveryhesleptatnightsotheotheroperatorsgotangrywiththeysentamessage，Edisondidnotgiveanfoundthathewasoftensoonfoundawaytokeephimtoldhimtotelegraphtheletter“A”everyordertodothis，hehadtostayawake.Edisondidnotlikethisatwastootired，soheinventedanewinstrumentwhichsenttheletter“A”everyneverfailed，forinstrumentsarenotlikepeopleandtheyneverforgettodowhattheyaretoldotheroperatorsreceivedtheletter“A”everyhour.TheycouldnotbelievealsocouldnotbelievethatEdisonwassuchafoolishnighttheywentquietlytohistheylookedinside，theyfoundthatEdisonwastheresleeping，andhisinstrumentwassendingtheletter“A”!阅读短文填空，每空一词。1.Edisonsoldvegetableshecouldearnmoneyforbooksandforhisscientificexperiments.conductorwasangrybecauseEdison’sphosphorussetthetrain.Edisoninventedanewwhichsent,hehadenoughtimetosleepatnight.’scolleaguesdidn’tbelieveEdisonwassuchamansotheywenttoEdison’stheyfoundthatEdisonwas.答案：thatfire;theletter“A”;sleeping拓展视野Thetwentiethcenturysawgreaterchangesthananycenturybefore：changesforthebetter，changesfortheworse；changesthatbroughtalotofbenefitstohumanbeings，changesthatputmaninthingscausedthechanges，but，inmyopinion，themostimportantwastheprogressinscience.Scientificresearchinphysicsandbiologyhasvastlybroadenedourhasgivenusadeeperknowledgeofthestructureofmatterandoftheuniverse；ithasbroughtusabetterunder-standingofthenatureoflifeandofitscontinuousdevelop-intheapplicationofsciencehasmadebigadvancesthathavebenefitedusinnearlyeverypartoflife.Thecontinuationofsuchactivitiesinthetwenty-firstcenturywillresultinevengreateradvantagestohumanbeings：inpurescience—awideranddeeperknowledgeinallfieldsoflearning；inappliedscience—amorereasonablesharingofmaterialbenefits，andbetterprotectionoftheenvironment.Sadly，however，thereisanothersidetothecreativityofsciencehasbeenemployedindoingdamagetoapplicationofscienceandtechnologytothedevelo-pmentandproductionofweaponsofmassdestructionhascreatedarealdangertothecontinuedexistenceofthehumanraceonthishaveseenthishappeninthecaseofnucleartheiractualusehassofaroccurredonlyintheSecondWorldWar，thenumberofnuclearweaponsthatwereproducedandmadereadyforusewassolargethatiftheweaponshadactuallybeenused，theresultcouldhavebeentheruinofthehumanrace，aswellasofmanykindsofanimals.WilliamShakespearesaid，“Thewebofourlifeisofamingledyarn(纱线)，goodandilltogether.”Theabovebriefreviewoftheapplicationofonlyonepartofhumanactivities—scienceseemstoprovewhatShakespearedoesithavetobeso?Musttheillalwaysgotogetherwiththegood?Arewebiologicallyprogrammedforwar?【个性思考】Doesscientificdevelopmenthavegreateffectonyourlife?Givesomeexamples.Myview:人生启迪随着社会的发展，人们越来越重视人与自然的问题，越来越强调人与自然和谐发展。其中，人与动物的关系问题也越来越引起人们的重视。我们应该对动物采取什么态度呢？Couldtheuseofanimalsinscientificexperimentsbejustified?Wellyoumaygettotallydifferentan