三大从句及反义疑问句及其答案

三大从句及反义疑问句及其答案三大从句及反义疑问句及其答案三大从句及反义疑问句及其答案xxx公司三大从句及反义疑问句及其答案文件编号：文件日期：修订次数：第1.0次更改批准审核制定方案设计，管理制度宾语从句语法讲解一、宾语从句根据引导词的不同可分为三种类型：1.由that引导的宾语从句。如：Weknew（that）weshouldlearnfromeachother.2.由if/whether引导的宾语从句。如：Pleasetellmeif/whetheryouhavebeentoAmerica.3.由who，where，how等连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。如：CanyoutellmehowIcangettothenearestpostoffice二、三要素1.引导词如果从句是陈述句，引导词用that（that在口语或非正式文体中常省略）；如果从句是一般疑问句，引导词用if/whether；如果从句是特殊疑问句，引导词用由疑问词转换而来的疑问代词/副词。2.语序①陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。如：Heisanhonestboy.Theteachersaid.→Theteachersaid（that）hewasanhonestboy.②一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。如：DoesheworkhardIwonder.→Iwonderif/whetherheworkshard.WhendidheleaveIdon’tknow.→Idon’tknowwhenheleft.3.时态①如果主句是现在的时态，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。如：Ihaveheard（that）hewillcomebacknextweek.②如果主句是过去的某种时态，那么从句的时态一定要用过去的某种时态。如：Hesaid（that）therewerenoclassesyesterday.注意：如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都要用一般现在时。如：Hesaidthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.三、人称的变化和标点的使用1.从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。如：“MayIuseyourknife”Heaskedme.→Heaskedmeifhemightusemyknife.“Doyouknowhertelephonenumber”Heaskedme.→HeaskedmeifIknowhertelephonenumber.2.宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。如：WhowillgiveusatalkIdon’tknow.→Idon’tknowwhowillgiveusatalk.DoyouknowWheredoeshelive→Doyouknowwherehelives四、if和when既能引导时间状语从句，又能引导宾语从句。因此，遇到它们就要认真分析一下，它们究竟属于哪一类从句。如：Ifitrainstomorrow，Iwon’tcome.（时间状语从句）Idon’tknowifitwillraintomorrow.（宾语从句）五、从句的简化1.当主句谓语动词是find，see，watch，hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语＋宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。如：Shefoundthatthewalletlay/waslyingontheground.→Shefoundthewalletlie/lyingontheground.2.当主句谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如：Sheagreedthatshecouldhelpmewithmymaths.→Sheagreedtohelpmewithmymaths.3.在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词＋不定式”结构。如：CanyoutellmehowIcangettothestation→Canyoutellmehowtogettothestation宾语从句专项练习一、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。1．TheseflowersarefromGuangdong.Hesaid.Hesaid_______theseflowers_______fromGuangdong.2.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Myteachertoldme.Myteachertoldme_____light_______fasterthansound.3．Therewillbeameetinginfivedays.Jackdidn’tknow.Jackdidn’tknow_____there_________ameetinginfivedays.4．CantheyspeakFrenchIwanttoknow.Iwanttoknow___________________________French.5．ArethechildrenplayinggamesTellme.Tellme______thechildren____________games.6．HaveyoufinishedyourhomeworkyetMr.ZhaoaskedMaGang.Mr.ZhaoaskedMaGang____________________homeworkyet.7．HowmanypeoplecanyouseeinthepictureWhoknowsWhoknows_______________________________inthepicture8．WheredidsheparkhercarDoyouknowDoyouknow______________hercar9．WhatdoesheoftentalkaboutThegirlwondered.Thegirlwondered__________often________about.10．WhoknockedatthedoorsoloudlyIdon’tknow.Idon’tknow___________atthedoorsoloudly.11.DoeshestillliveinthatstreetIdon'tknow.Idon'tknow______hestill_______inthatstreet.12.What'shisnameIaskedhim.Iaskedhimwhat_______________.13.WhendoesthetrainarrivePleasetellme.Pleasetellme__________________________________.14.DotheywantfriedchickenHeaskedtheboys.Heaskedtheboys_______they______friedchicken.15.WasthewatchmadeinShanghaiIdon'tknow.Idon'tknow_______thewatch_______madeinShanghai.二、选择填空。()1.WhatdidMikesayHesaid____________________.A.ifyouarefreethenextweekB.whatcolourwasitC.theweatherisfineD.summercomesafterspring()2.Tomaskedmyfriend________________.A.wherewashefromB.thattheearthisbiggerthanthemoonC.whendidhecomebackD.nottobesoangry()3.Letmetellyou__________________.A.howmuchisthecarB.howmuchdoesthecarcostC.howmuchdidIpayforthecarD.howmuchIspentonthecar()4.Peterknew_______________.A.whetherhehasfinishedreadingthebookB.whytheboyhadsomanyquestionsC.therewere12monthsinayearD.whentheywillleaveforParis()5.Couldyoutellme___________A.wheredoyouliveB.whoyouarewaitingforC.whowereyouwaitingforD.whereyoulivein()6.Ican'tunderstand______theboyalone.A.whysheleftB.whydidsheleaveC.whyshehadleftD.whyhadsheleft()7.Shetoldmethesun______intheeast.A.riseB.roseC.risesD.hadrisen()don'tknow________upsoearlylastSunday.A.whydidhegethegetsdoeshegetD.whyhegot()9.Themanagercameuptosee__________.A.whatwasthematterB.whatthematterwasC.whatthematterisD.what'sthematter()10.Heaskedhisfather_______.A.whereithappensB.wheredidithappenC.howithappenedD.howdidithappen()11.Noonetellsus______,soweneedyourhelp.A.howweshoulddoB.whatshouldwedoC.howtodoitD.whattodoit()12.Couldyoupleaseteachme_______thecomputer.A.howcheckB.tocheckC.howtocheckD.tohowchecking()don'tknow_______theirparentsare.AthatBwhatCwhyDwhich()14.─Wheredoyouthink______he_____theTVset─Sorry,I'venoidea.A./,boughtB.has,boughtC.did,buyD.didbought()15.Ourhomeworkhaschangedalot.Whocantell_____itwouldbelikein_____fiveyears.A.how,anotherB.what,moreC.how,otherD.what,another()16.─Couldyoutellme______─Yes.He____totheUSA.A.whereishe/hasbeenB.whereheis/hasgoneC.wherewashe/hasbeenD.wherehewas/hasgone()17.─Mikewantstoknowif____apicnictomorrow.─Yes.Butifit_______,we'llvisitthemuseuminstead.A.youhave/willrainB.youwillhave/willrainC.youwillhave/rainsD.willyouhave/rains()18.Ireallydon'tknowifshe_______itwhenshe________.A.finds/arrivesB.finds/willarriveC.willfind/willarriveD.willfind/arrives()Liusaid______shewouldleavethemessageontheheadmaster”sdesk.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what()20.Heaskedme_______.A.whowillkickthefirstgoalintheWorldCupB.whenwastheAPECmeetingheldC.whenChinabecameamemberoftheWTOD.wherethe2008Olympicswillbeheld()21.Inthebookshop,areaderaskedtheshopkeeper______WhoMovedMyCheesewasaninterestingbook.A.thatB.howC.whatD.if()22.Youmustremember_______.A.whatyourteachersaidB.whatdidyourteachersayC.yourteachersaidwhatD.whathasyourteachersaid()23.Idon”tknow______.A.whichroomIcanliveB.whichroomcanIliveC.whichroomIcanliveinD.whichroomcanIlivein()24.－－Doyouknowwhenhe______back－－Sorry,Idon”t.Whenhe_______back,I”lltellyou.A.comes;comesB.comes;willcomeC.willcome;comesD.willcome;willcome()25Thegirlsaskedifthey____somefoodanddrinkwiththem.A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake()26Marysaidthatshe___toGuangzhou.A.hasnevergoneB.hadnevergoneC.hasneverbeenD.hadneverbeen()27Thestudentswanttoknowwhetherthey___aPEclasstoday.A.hadB.hasC.willhaveD.are()28.Canyoutellme___youwereborn,BettyA.whoB.whatC.whenD.that()don'tknow___theyhavepassedtheexam.A.whatB.ifC.whenD.where()30.Doyouknow_____theylistenedtoyesterdayeveningA.whatBwhenCwhyDhow三、用合适的连接词填空。1.Jimtoldme____hedidn'tgofishingyesterdayafternoon.（how,why）2.Doyouknow______elseisgoingtobeondutytoday（who,whom）3.Shesaid_____itwouldn'tmattermuch.（that,if）4.Healwaysthinks______hecandobetter.（how,who）5.Ireallydon'tknow________thebridgewillbefinished.（howlong,howsoon）6.Theydon'tknow_______togoorwait.(if,whether)7.Wearetalkingabout______we’llgobacktomorrow.(whether,if)8.Iwasreallysurprisedat______Isaw.(where,what)9.Idon'tknow____somanypeoplearelookingathim.(how,why)10.Doyouknow______youarestudyingfor(why,what)四、句型转换。1.“Doyouwanttotryit”Tom'smotheraskedhim.(同义句)→Tom'smotheraskedhim____________________totryit.2.Ithinkthisisagoodidea.（改为否定句）→I_______________this________agoodidea.3.Lucyhasn'tdecidedwhichtrouserstobuy.（改为复合句）→Lucyhasn'tdecided________________________________buy.4.Idon'tknowhowIcangettothehospital.（改为简单句）→Idon'tknow________________________tothehospital.5.Idon’tsupposetheywillcome,_____________(改为反意疑问句)五、用所给动词的正确形式填空。1.Wearesurethathe________(go)toschooltomorrow.2.Doyouknowwho______(be)thefirstmantowalkonthemoon3.Couldyoutellmewherethepostoffice______(is)4.Ourfathersaidthathe_______(will)buyanewcomputer.5.Ihearthathe_______(swim)intheseayesterday.6.Thelittleboytellsuswherehisfather_______(work).7.Hesaidthathe_________(finish)hisworkalready.8.Theythoughttheycould_______(hike)tothetopofthemountain.9.Hewasgladthatsomanypeople_____(help)him.10.Shedoesn’tknowwhether________(go)orwait.状语从句讲解和练习状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。通常由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词和从句等担当。例如：1.Naturally,ourgrandparentswerepleasedtogetourphonecall.(副词)2.Weworkedhard,fromsunrisetosunset.(介词状短语)3.Tohelpmydisabledaunt,Ispendanhourworkinginherhouseeveryday.(不定式)4.Seenfromadistance,thefarmhouselookeddeserted.(过去分词)5.IknowhowtolightacampfirebecauseIhaddoneitbefore.（原因状语从句）状语的位置比较灵活，可以位于句首、句末或句中。enough用作状语修饰形容词和副词时必须后置。状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为九大类，分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。尽管种类较多，但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不难。状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词

和特殊的连接词即考点。现分别列举如下:

1．时间状语从句

常用引导词：when,as,while,assoonas,while,before,after,since,till,until

特殊引导词：theminute,themoment,thesecond,everytime,theday，theinstant,immediately,directly,nosooner…than,hardly…when,scarcely…when

Ididn’trealizehowspecialmymotherwasuntilIbecameanadult.

WhileJohnwaswatchingTV,hiswifewascooking.

Thechildrenranawayfromtheorchard(果园)themomenttheysawtheguard.

NosoonerhadIarrivedhomethanitbegantorain.

EverytimeIlistentoyouradvice,Igetintotrouble.

2．地点状语从句

常用引导词：where特殊引导词：wherever,anywhere,everywhereGenerally,airwillbeheavilypollutedwheretherearefactories.Whereveryougo,youshouldworkhard.3．原因状语从句常用引导词：because,since,as,since

特殊引导词：seeingthat,nowthat,inthat,consideringthat,giventhat,consideringthat,

MyfriendsdislikemebecauseI’mhandsomeandsuccessful.

Nowthateverybodyhascome,let’sbeginourconference.

Thehigherincometaxisharmfulinthatitmaydiscouragepeoplefromtryingtoearnmore.

Consideringthatheisnomorethan12yearsold,hisheightofmisquiteremarkable.

4．目的状语从句

常用引导词：sothat,inorderthat

特殊引导词：lest,incase,forfearthat，inthehopethat,forthepurposethat,totheendthat

Thebossaskedthesecretarytohurryupwiththeletterssothathecouldsignthem.

Theteacherraisedhisvoiceonpurposethatthestudentsinthebackcouldhearmoreclearly.

5．结果状语从句

常用引导词：so…that,so…that,such…that,

特殊引导词：suchthat,tothedegreethat,totheextentthat,tosuchadegreethat,

Hegotupsoearlythathecaughtthefirstbus.It’ssuchagoodchancethatwemustnotmissit.

Tosuchandegreewasheexcitedthathecouldn’tsleeplastnight.

6．条件状语从句

常用引导词：if,unless,

特殊引导词：as/solongas,onlyif,providing/providedthat,supposethat,incasethat,onconditionthat

We’llstartourprojectifthepresidentagrees.Youwillcertainlysucceedsolongasyoukeepontrying.

Providedthatthereisnoopposition,weshallholdthemeetinghere.

7．让步状语从句

常用引导词：though,although,evenif,eventhough

特殊引导词：as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，while(一般用在句首)，nomatter…，inspiteofthefactthat,while,whatever,whoever,wherever,whenever,however,whichever

MuchasIrespecthim,Ican’tagreetohisproposal.

尽管我很尊敬他，我却不同意他的建议。

Theoldmanalwaysenjoysswimmingeventhoughtheweatherisrough.

Nomatterhowhardhetried,shecouldnotchangehermind.Hewon’tlistenwhateveryoumaysay.

8．比较状语从句

常用引导词：as(同级比较),than(不同程度的比较)

特殊引导词：themore…themore…;justas…，so…;AistoBwhat/asXistoY;no…morethan;notAsomuchasB

Sheisasbad-temperedashermother.Themoreyouexercise,thehealthieryouwillbe.Thehouseisthreetimesasbigasours.Foodistomenwhatoilistomachine.食物之于人，犹如油之于机器。

9．方式状语从句

常用引导词：as,asif,how特殊引导词：thewayWheninRome,doastheRomando.Shebehavedasifsheweretheboss.Sometimesweteachourchildrenthewayourparentshavetaughtus.10.状语从句的简化♠状语从句的省略状语从句同时具备下列两个条件:①主句和从句的主语一致，或从句主语为it；②从句主要动词是be的某种形式。从句中的主语和be动词常可省略。例如：When(themuseumis)completed,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.He’llgototheseasideforhisholidayif(itis)possible.另外，比较状语从句经常省略。例如：I’mtallerthanhe(istall).Thehigherthetemperature(is),thegreaterthepressure(is).就状语从句而言,有时为了使语言言简意赅,常常将状语从句进行"简化"。状语从句的"简化"现象在口语中较为普遍,而且在高考中的复现率也较高。因此,有必要对其进行全面、透彻的了解。状语从句的"简化"现象常存在于以下五种状语从句中:①由if,unless等引导的条件状语从句;②由although,though,evenif/though等引导的让步状语从句;③由when,while,as,before,after,until/till等引导的时间状语从句;④由as,asif等引导的方式状语从句;⑤由as,than等引导的比较状语从句。下面针对这五种情形作一归纳。(1)当状语从句的主语是it,且谓语动词是be时,it和be要完全简化掉。例如:If(itis)possible,hewillhelpyououtofthedifficulty.如果可能的话,他会帮你摆脱困境。Youmustattendthemeetingunless(itis)inconvenienttoyou.除非情况对你来说不方便,否则你必须出席这次会议。(2)当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,从句可以将主语和be动词简化掉。常用于以下几种情形:a.连词+形容词As(hewas)young,helearnedhowtorideabike.他小时候就学会了骑自行车。Whenever(sheis)free,sheoftengoesshopping.她有空就去逛商店。Workhardwhen(youare)young,oryou'llregret.少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲。b.连词+名词While(hewas)ayoungboy,hewasalwaysreadytohelpothers.他在孩提时代就乐于助人。Although(hewas)afarmer,nowheisafamousdirector.尽管他曾是个农民,而现在是位著名的导演了。c.连词+现在分词As(shewas)walkingalongtheriverbank,shewassingingapopsong.她沿着河堤边走边唱着流行歌曲。Although(heis)doinghisbestinmathsthesedays,hehasstillgotnogoodmarks.尽管近来他一直在学数学,但他仍然没有取得好成绩。d.连词+过去分词Hewon'tgotherewithusunless(heis)invited.除非受到邀请,否则他不会和我们一道去那里。Theconcertwasagreatsuccessthan(itwas)expected.这场音乐会出乎意料地取得了巨大成功。e.连词+不定式Hestoodupasif(hewere)tosaysomething.当时他站起来好像要说什么。Hewouldn'tsolvetheproblemevenif(hewere)totakecharge.即使他来负责,他也解决不了这个问题。f.连词+介词短语Shelookedanxiousasthough(shewas)introuble.她看上去很焦急,好像遇到了麻烦。HehadmasteredtheEnglishlanguagebefore(hewas)intheUSA.他到美国之前就懂英语了。注意:当从句主语和主句主语不一致时,从句部分要么用完全形式,要么用独立主格结构来表达。例如:Whenthemeetingwasover,allthepeoplewentoutofthemeeting-room.当会议结束时,人们都走出了会议室。(=Themeetingover,巩固练习

1.Johnshuteverybodyoutofthekitchen______hecouldpreparehisgrandsurprisefortheparty.

A.whichB.whenC.sothatD.asif

2.Iwouldappreciateit________youcallbackthisafternoonforthedoctor’sappointment.

A.untilB.ifC.whenD.that

3.AsfarasIamconcerned，educationisaboutlearningandthemoreyoulearn，________.

A.themoreforlifeareyouequippedB.themoreequippedforlifeyouare

C.themorelifeyouareequippedforD.youareequippedthemoreforlife

thewar，anewschoolbuildingwasputup________therehadoncebeenatheatre.

A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when

5.—IsMr.Smithintheoffice？

—Yes，________heisinchargeoftheoffice，hemustbethere.

A.sinceB.howeverC.whetherD.for

6.Asyourgoodfriend,Iwilldo________helpyou.

A.thatIcantoB.whatIcantoC.allthatIcanD.whatIcan

mayphonetonight.Idon’twanttogoout________hephones.

A.aslongasB.inordertoC.incaseD.sothat

calledmeupinthemiddleofthenight，buttheyhungup________Icouldanswerthephone.

A.asB.sinceC.untilD.before

9.—Don’tlookdownuponBob.Hehashisownadvantages.

—Oh,yes.________othersareweak,heisstrong.

A.IfB.WhenC.WhereD.Though

istenyears________hesmoked.

A.thatB.whenC.sinceD.while

musthurryup________catchupwiththelasttrain.

A.thatB.sothattoC.inorderthatD.inorderto

matter________harditmaybe，Iwillcarryitout.

A.whatB.whateverC.howD.however

youmaydo，youmustdoitwell.

A.WhichB.WheneverC.WhateverD.When

14.—AreyouthinkingaboutgoingtoNewYorkfortheholiday？

—No.ButifI________thetime，Iwoulddefinitelygo.A.haveB.hadC.havehadD.wouldhave

youaresoweak，you’dbetterstayathome.

A.SinceB.ForC.BecauseD.Though

andFrencharetaughthere.Youcanchoose________youlike.

A.nomatterwhichB.whicheverC.whichD.whatever

sawMr.SmithlastSunday.Wehadnotseeneachother________IleftLondon.

A.asB.beforeC.sinceD.till

’llbebackbeforeyou________.

A.willleaveB.willhaveleftC.leaveD.wouldleave

problemwon’tbesettleduntilwe________achancetodiscussitthoroughly.

A.havehadB.willhaveC.willhavehadD.wouldhave

you________thisexperiment，youwillunderstandthetheorybetter.

A.willbedoingB.havedoneC.willhavedoneD.woulddo

wentonworking________itwaslateatnight.

A.evenifB.asifC.howeverD.asthough

hurried________Iwouldn’tbelateforclass.

A.sinceB.sothatC.asifD.unless

volleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit________.

A.willrainB.rainsC.rainedD.israining

youtalktosomeoneorwriteamessage，youshowyourskillstoothers.

A.AttimesB.SometimeC.BythetimeD.Everytime

heisconsideredagreatwriter，________.

A.howeverhisworksarenotwidelyreadB.buthisworksarenotwidelyread

C.hisworksarenotwidelyreadD.stillhisworksarenotwidelyread

newsecretaryissupposedtoreporttothemanagerassoonasshe________.

A.willarriveB.isgoingtoarriveC.arrivesD.isarriving

shouldfinishtheimportantjob，________.

A.longittakeshoweverB.ittakeshoweverlong

C.longhoweverittakesD.howeverlongittakes

madeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.

A.ThatB.WhyC.WhatD.How

tothepartywillreceiveagift.

A.WhichB.WhoC.WhichoneD.Whoever

iswillingtohelpyou,________busysheis.

A.whatB.howC.howeverD.whatever

don’tcarewhetherhestays________goes.

A.norB.thenC.orD.otherwise

matter________harditmaybe，I’llcarryitout.

A.whatB.whateverC.howD.however

doyouwanttofindanewjob________you’vegotsuchagoodonealready？

A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when

is,hewillbethinkingofyou.

A.WhereverB.WhereC.NowthatD.Assoonas

shouldmakeitaruletoleavethings________youcanfindthemagain.

定语从句的用法以及精练一、定语从句的概念

在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。

二、定语从句的关系词

引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that,which,who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包where,when,why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。

三、定语从句的分类

根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去,非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。

四、关系代词的用法

1.that既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:

Marylikesmusicthatisquietandgentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that作主语)

Thecoat(that)Iputonthedeskisblue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(that作宾语)

用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:

Thebuildingwhichstandsnearthetrainstationisasupermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。(作主语)

Thefilm(which)wesawlastnightwaswonderful.我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作宾语)

,whom用于指人,who用作主语,whom用作宾语。在口语中,有时可用who代替whom,也可省略。例如:

ThegirlwhooftenhelpsmewithmyEnglishisfromEngland.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。(作主语)

Whoistheteacher(whom)LiMingistalkingto正在与李明谈话的老师是谁(作宾语)

注意:(1)当定语从句中含有介词,介词放在句末时,who,that,which可省略,但介词在关系代词前时,只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如:

Thisisthehouseinwhichwelivedlastyear.这是我们去年居住的房子。

PleasetellmefromwhomyouborrowedtheEnglishnovel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。(2)含有介词的固定动词词组中,介词不可前置,只能放在原来的位置上。例如:Thisisthepersonwhomyouarelookingfor.这就是你要找的那个人。(3)that作介词的宾语时,介词不能放它的前面,只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如:Thecitythatshelivesinisveryfaraway.她居住的城市非常远。(4)关系词只能用that的情况:a.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:Hewasthefirstpersonthatpassedtheexam.他是第一个通过考试的人。b.被修饰的先行词为all,any,much,many,everything,anything,none,theone等不定代词时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:Isthereanythingthatyouwanttobuyintheshop你在商店里有什么东西要买吗c.先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast,little,few等词修饰时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:ThisisthesamebikethatIlost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。d.先行词里同时含有人或物时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:IcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepicturesthatIsawintheroom.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句,为避免重复,只能用that.例如:Whoisthegirlthatiscrying正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁f.主句是therebe结构,修饰主语的定语从句用that,而不用which.例如:ThereisabookonthedeskthatbelongstoTom.桌子上那本书是汤姆的。(5)关系词只能用which,而不用that的情况:a.先行词为that,those时,用which,而不用that.例如:

What’sthatwhichisunderthedesk在桌子底下的那些东西是什么

b.关系代词前有介词时,一般用which,而不用that.例如:

Thisistheroominwhichhelives.这是他居住的房间。

c.引导非限制性定语从句,用which,而不用that.例如:

Tomcameback,whichmadeushappy.汤姆回来了,这使我们很高兴。

五、关系副词的用法

(1)when指时间,其先行词表示时间,在句中作时间状语。例如:

Thiswasthetimewhenhearrived.这是他到达的时间。

(2)where指地点,其先行词表示地点,在句中作地点状语。例如:

Thisisplacewhereheworks.这是他工作的地点。

(3)why指原因,其先行词是原因,起原因状语作用。例如:

Nobodyknowsthereasonwhyheisoftenlateforschool.没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。

六"介词＋关系代词"是一个普遍使用的结构

(1)"介词＋关系代词"可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。"介词＋关系代词"结构中的介词可以是in,on,about,from,for,with,toat,of,without等，关系代词只可用whom或which,不可用that。

例:Isthatthehouseinwhichyoulive

(2)像listento,lookat,takecareof等固定短语动词，在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。例如：

Thisistheboywhomshehastakencareof.

I.单项填空。

1.-Doyouknowtheman______istalkingwithyourfather

-Yes,he’sourheadmaster.

A.heB.whoC.whichD.whom

2.Isthistheriver_____Icanswim

A.whichB.inwhichC.thatD.theone

3.Thisisthebesthotelinthecity_____Iknow.

A.whereB.whichC.thatD.it

4.Canyoulendmethedictionary______theotherday

A.thatyouboughtB.youboughtitC.thatyouboughtitD.whichyouboughtit

5.Anyone______withwhatIsaidmayputupyouhands.

A.whichagreesB.whoagreeC.whoagreesD.whichagree6.Mywatchisnottheonlything______ismissing.

A.thatB.itC.whichＤ．who

7.Theman______coatisblackiswaitingatthegate

A.who’sB.whoseC.thatＤ．ofwhich.8.Thegirl______isreadingunderthetree_____mysister.A.which;isB.whom;wasC.who;isD.who;was9.Iloveplaces______thepeoplearereallyfriendly.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.who10.Theworld______ismadeupofmatter.A.inthatweliveB.onwhichweliveC.whereweliveinD.welivein

Ⅱ.用适当的关系代词that,which,who,whom填空。

1.Thefirstthing______youmustdoistohaveameal.

2.April1stistheday_____iscalledAprilFool’sDayinthewest.

3.Thefamily_____hadlosteverythinginabigfiregotmuchhelpfromtheirfriends.

4.Thehouse_____weliveinisveryold.

5.Didn’tyouseetheman______Italkedwithjustnow反意疑问句1、什么是反意疑问句英语中，反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。其中附加疑问句是对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问，起证实作用，一般用于证实说话者所说的事实或观点。翻译为“是吗”2.反意疑问句的回答，回答时，如果情况属实，用Yes加上反问句的倒装肯定句；若果情况不属实，则用No加上反问句的倒装否定句。例如Youweremovedbyyourstudents,weren’tyou情况属实：Yes,Iwere.情况不属实：No,Iweren’t.二、反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词在语气上成相反的对应关系，即：肯定+否定否定+肯定如：Youcan’tdoit,canyou你不能做它，是吗②Theyareverylateforthemeeting,aren’tthey他们开会迟到了，是吗三．当陈述句中含有be动词，助动词，或是情态动词时，反问句部分由这些词加上主语人称代词构成，Be动词包括：am,is,are,was,were助动词有：do,does,did,have（用在完成时）,has（用在完成时）等情态动词有：can,could,may,might,must,will,would,shall,should例如：Sheisalovelygirl,isn’tshe她是一个可爱的女孩，是吗Hewillgohome,__won’t____he__他要回家了，是吗Shedoesn’tliketoeatpopcorn,__does___she___她不喜欢吃爆米花，是吗Thebabywon’tsleepearly,willit小宝宝睡得不早，是吗注意：①Hehassupperathomeeveryday,doesn’t’the(不能用hasn’the)他每天在家吃晚饭，是吗Theyhaveknownthematter,haven’tthey(不能用don’tthey)他们已经知道那事情了，是吗四．当陈述句中只含有行为动词时，若动词加了s,就用does,若动词为原形，就用do,动词为过去式，则用did,例如：Youcleanedyourhouselastweek,_didn’t_____you__

你上周打扫了你的房间，是吗Yourfatherplaysthecomputerverywell,__doesn’t_____he_你父亲电脑技术很好，是吗Theylooksohappytoday,_don’t____they___你今天看起来很高兴，是吗五．反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little,few,never,hardly,seldom，nobody,nothing,barely,scarcely等否定意义的词时，问句部分用肯定式。如：①Shenevertellsalie,doesshe(不用doesn’tshe)她从不说谎，是吗②Hewasseldomlate,washe(不用wasn’the)他几乎不迟到，是吗六、反意疑问句的陈述部分为Iam……时，问句部分习惯上用aren’tI表示。如：Iamaveryhonestman,aren’tI我是个很诚实的人，是吗七．陈述部分的主语为不定代词something,anything,nothing,everything时，问句部分的主语用it。如：①Somethingiswrongwit