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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-娄底职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Afterall,thefoodcrisisisoverandthewoodwill(

)itslong-termupwardtrendinagricultureproduction.

问题1选项

A.resume

B.renew

C.recover

D.restore

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。resume“重新开始,继续”;renew“更新”;recover“恢复”;restore“恢复,还原”。句意:毕竟粮食危机已经解除,木材将继续它在农业产品中的上涨趋势。选项A符合题意。

2.单选题

Therateatwhichsoilcanabsorbwater(

)withcontinuouswetting,sothelongera(

)lasts,orthegreatertherateofprecipitation,thehigherthepercentageofwaterthatwillflowacrossthegroundasrunoffandenterstreamchannels.

问题1选项

A.rises...deluge

B.diminishes...drought

C.increases...shower

D.decreases...rainstorm

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析和名词词义辨析。rise“提升,增加”;deluge“洪水,暴雨”;diminish“使减少,使变小”;drought“干旱,缺乏”;increase“增加,增长”;shower“淋浴,阵雨”;decrease“减少,减小”;rainstorm“暴风雨,大暴雨”。句意:土壤吸收水分的速度随着湿度加大而降低,所以暴雨持续时间较长,降水率越大,地面径流和汇入河流的水就越多。选项D符合题意。

3.单选题

Forthefirsttime,wefound____thatallowustoconnectthefirstphaseofhumanevolutionandthesecondphase.

问题1选项

A.theories

B.morasses

C.frescos

D.fossils

【答案】D

【解析】theory理论,学说;morass沼泽;fresco壁画;fossil化石。句意:我们第一次发现了化石,它使我们能够把人类进化的第一阶段和第二阶段联系起来。选项D符合句意。

4.单选题

Bytheyearof2025,scientistsprobably______acureforcancer.

问题1选项

A.willbediscovering

B.arediscovering

C.willhavediscovered

D.havediscovered

【答案】C

【解析】考查将来完成时。句意:到2025年,科学家们可能已经发现了治疗癌症的方法。根据语境,可知这个句子的时态是将来完成时,在这里表示将来完成时表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成的动作,其结构是will(第二、三人称)+have+过去分词(done),C选项willhavediscovered符合题意。因此C选项正确。

5.单选题

Thecaraccidentwas()tothedriver'sviolationofthetrafficregulations.

问题1选项

A.assigned

B.contributed

C.attributed

D.transferred

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。assign“分配,指派”;contribute“贡献”;attribute“归属,把…归于”;transfer“转让,转移”。句意:这起交通事故是由于司机违反交通规则造成的。C项符合题意。

6.单选题

Davidlikescountrylifeandhasdecidedto(

)farming.

问题1选项

A.goinfor

B.gothroughwith

C.gobackon

D.goalongwith

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。goinfor意为“从事,喜欢”;gothroughwith意为“完成,把……进行到底”;gobackon意为“违背,背弃”;goalongwith意为“赞同,接受,服从”。

句意:大卫喜欢乡村生活,并决定从事耕作。

7.单选题

ProfessorSmithandBrownwill()ingivingtheclasslectures.

问题1选项

A.differ

B.alternate

C.change

D.alter

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。differ“与……不同”;alternate“交流,轮流,交替发生”;change“改变”;alter“改变,更改,修改”。句意:史密斯教授和布朗教授轮流上课。选项B符合题意。

8.单选题

Togiveyouageneralideaofourproducts,weenclosethecataloguesshowingvariousproductshandledbyuswithdetailed(

)andmeansofpacking.

问题1选项

A.specimens

B.inspections

C.paraphrases

D.specifications

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。specimens样品,范例;inspections检查,检阅;paraphrases释义;specification规格,参数。句意:为了让您对我们的产品有个大概的了解,我们随函给您附了产品目录,它展示了多种我们所经营的产品,包括详细的规格和包装方法。D项最符合题意,答案D

9.单选题

Sincetheearlynineties,the

trendinmostbusinesseshasbeentowardon-demand,always-availableproductsandservicesthatsuitthecustomer's(

)ratherthanthecompanys.

问题1选项

A.benefit

B.availability

C.suitability

D.convenience

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配。句意:九十年代早期开始,大多数公司就倾向于经营随需应变、随时可用的产品和服务。这样为顾客提供了,而不是为公司提供便利。

Suitone’sconvenience对…便利。

10.单选题

Ithasalwaysbeendifficultforthephilosopherorscientisttofittimeintohisviewoftheuniverse.PriortoEinsteinianphysics,therewasnotrulyadequateformulationoftherelationshipoftimetootherforcesintheuniverse,eventhoughsomeempiricalequationsincludedtimequantities.However,eventheEinsteinianformulationisnotperhapstotallyadequatetothejoboffittingtimeintotheproperrelationshipwiththeotherdimensions,astheyarecalled,ofspace.Theprimaryproblemarisesinrelationtothingswhichmightbegoingfasterthanthespeedoflight,orhaveotherstrangeproperties.

ExaminationoftheLorentz-Fitzgeraldformulasyieldstheinterestingspeculationthatifsomethingdidactuallyexceedthespeedoflightitwouldhaveitsmassexpressedasanimaginarynumberandwouldseemtobegoingbackwardsintime.Thebarriertoexceedingthespeedoflightisanapparentneedtohaveaninfinitequantityofmassmovedatexactlythespeedoflight.Ifthissituationcouldbeleapedoverinalargequantumjump-whichseemshighlyunlikelyformassesthatarelargeinnormalcircumstances-thentheothersidemaybeachievable.

Theideaofgoingbackwardsintimeisderivedfromtheexistenceofatimevectorthatisnegative,althoughjustwhatthismightmeantooursensesintheunlikelycircumstanceofourexperiencingthisstatecannotbeconjectured.Therehavebeen,infact,someobservationsofparticlechamberswhichhaveleadsomescientiststospeculatethataparticlecalledthetachyonmayexistwiththetans-lightpropertieswehavejustdiscussed.

Thedifficultiesofimaginingandcopingwiththesepotentialimplicationsofourmathematicalmodelspointsouttheimportanceofstudyingalternativemethodsofnotationforadvancedphysics.ProfessorZuckerkandl,inhisbookSoundandSymbol,hypothesizesthatitmightbebettertoexpresstherelationshipsfoundinquantummechanicsthroughtheuseofanotationderivedfrommusicalnotations.Tooversimplifygreatly,hearguesthatmusichasalwaysgivenparametersordimensions.Therefore,itmightbeamoreusefullanguageinwhichtoexpresstherelationshipsinphysicswheretimeagainhasaspecialroletoplay,andcannotbetreatedasjustanotherdimension.

Thepointofthis,oranyotheralternativetothecurrentmethodsofdescribingbasicphysicalprocesses,isthattimedoesnotappear-eitherbycommonexperienceorsophisticatedscientificunderstanding-tobethesamesortofdimensionorparameterasphysicaldimensions,andisdeservingofcompletelyspecialtreatment,inasystemofnotationdesignedtoaccomplishthatgoal.

Oneapproachwouldbetoconsidertimetobeafieldeffectgovernedbytheapplicationofenergytomass-thatistosay,bytheinteractionofdifferentformsofenergy,ifyouwishtokeepinmindtheequivalenceofmassandenergy.Themovementofanynormalsortofmassisboundtoproduceafieldeffectthatwecallpositivetime.Animaginarymasswouldproduceanegativetimefieldeffect.ThisisnotatvariancewithEinstein’stheories,sincethe“faster”agivenmassmovesthemoreenergywasappliedtoitandthegreaterwouldbethefieldeffect.ThetimeeffectspredictedbyEinsteinandconfirmedbyexperienceare,itseem,consonantwiththisconcept.

1.Thepassagesupportstheinferencethat().

2.Thecentralideaofthepassagecanbebestdescribedasbeingwhichofthefollowing?

3.Accordingtotheauthor,itistoosoonto().

4.ItcanbeinferredthattheauthorseesZuckerkandlasbelievingthatmathematicsisa(n)().

5.Inthefirstsentence,theauthorrefersto“philosopher”aswellasto“scientist”because().

问题1选项

A.Einstein’stheoryofrelativelyiswrong

B.timetravelisclearlypossible

C.tachyonsdonothavethesamesortofmassasanyotherparticles

D.itisimpossibletotravelatpreciselythespeedoflight

问题2选项

A.Newobservationsrequirethedevelopmentofnewtheoriesandnewmethodsofdescribingthenewtheories.

B.Einsteinianphysicscanbemuchimprovedoninitstreatmentoftachyons.

C.Zuckerkandl’stheoriesoftachyonformationarepreferabletoEinstein’s.

D.Anomaliesintheoreticalphysicsnotationpermitintriguinghypothesesandindicatetheneedforrefinednotationofthetimedimension.

问题3选项

A.callBeethovenaphysicist.

B.planfortimetravel.

C.adoptproposalssuchasZuckerkandl’s

D.attempttoimprovecurrentnotation.

问题4选项

A.difficultfieldofstudy.

B.language.

C.necessaryevil.

D.greathindrancetofullunderstanding.

问题5选项

A.thisispartofalargerwork.

B.thenatureoftimeisabasicquestioninphilosophyaswellasphysics.

C.physicistsgetDoctorofPhilosophydegrees.

D.thestudyofthemethodsofanyfieldisaphilosophicalquestion.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节理解题。根据文章第二段,“Thebarriertoexceedingthespeedoflightisanapparentneedtohaveaninfinitequantityofmassmovedatexactlythespeedoflight.Ifthissituationcouldbeleapedoverinalargequantumjump-whichseemshighlyunlikely…”,可知超过光速的障碍显然是需要有一个无限大的质量以光速运动。如果这种情况可以通过一个巨大的量子跃迁来跨越——这似乎极不可能的。可判断出以光速运动是不可能的。选项D符合题意。

2.主旨题。文章第一段提到总是难以让时间符合科学家和哲学家的宇宙观,即使爱因斯坦的公式也不能完全解释其中的关系。如果存在超过光速的物质,它可能会落后于时间。下文继续提到了新的理论提出如何解决其中的问题,并且与爱因斯坦的理论并不矛盾。可判断出本文的中心思想是新的观察需要发展新的理论和描述新理论的新方法。选项A符合题意。

3.推断题。根据文章第三段,“Theideaofgoingbackwardsintimeisderivedfromtheexistenceofatimevectorthatisnegative,althoughjustwhatthismightmeantooursensesintheunlikelycircumstanceofourexperiencingthisstatecannotbeconjectured.”,可知时间倒流的概念来自于一个负的时间矢量的存在,尽管我们无法推测这对我们的感官意味着什么,当我们经历这种状态的不太可能的情况的时候,可知人们现阶段难以实现时间旅行。可推断出计划时间旅行还为时过早。选项B符合题意。

4.细节理解题。根据文章第四段,“Therefore,itmightbeamoreusefullanguageinwhichtoexpresstherelationshipsinphysicswheretimeagainhasaspecialroletoplay,andcannotbetreatedasjustanotherdimension.”,可知他认为数学可能是一种更有用的语言,用来表达物理中的关系,在物理中,时间再次扮演着特殊的角色,而不能仅仅被视为另一个维度。可推断出Zuckerkandl认为数学是一种语言。选项B符合题意。

5.推断题。根据文章第一句,“Ithasalwaysbeendifficultforthephilosopherorscientisttofittimeintohisviewoftheuniverse.”,可知对哲学家或科学家来说,要把时间融入宇宙观中一直是困难的。可推断出时间的本质是哲学和物理学中的一个基本问题。选项B符合题意。

11.写作题

Directions:Use200-250wordstopresentyourviewsonthetopicbelow,usingrelevantreasonsandexamplestosupportthem.

“High-speedelectroniccommunicationsmedia,suchaselectronicmailandtelevision,tendtopreventmeaningfulandthoughtfulcommunication.”

【答案】略

12.单选题

Iwillholdyoupersonally(

)ifanythinggoeswronginthisproject.

问题1选项

A.destructive

B.liable

C.diverse

D.responsible

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。destructive意为“破坏性的”;liable意为“(法律上)负有偿付责任,可能(做某事)”,指在不履行债务等时应负法律责任或受罚;diverse意为“不同的,多种多样的”;responsible意为“负责的,可靠的,有责任的”,指能熟练而出色地履行职责或完成任务,或在出差错而对其原因有争执时承担过失。

句意:假如这个项目出了任何问题,我将追究你个人的责任。

13.单选题

Withoutclearguidelines(),executivesofhospitalsaresometimesatalossaboutwhattodo.

问题1选项

A.inorder

B.inplace

C.inneed

D.introuble

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。A项inorder“整齐,秩序井然”,B项inplace“适当,在恰当的位置”,C项inneed“在危难中,在穷困中”,D项introuble表示“处于不幸中”。句意:在没有明确的指导方针的情况下,医院的管理人员有时会不知所措。因此B项正确。

14.单选题

Sincethesituationischanging,let’stakesome()measurestodealwithit.

问题1选项

A.available

B.changeable

C.considerable

D.flexible

【答案】D

【解析】形容词词义辨析。available可获得的;changeable多变的;considerable相当大的,重要的;flexible灵活的。句意:既然情况在变化,让我们采取一些灵活的措施来处理它。选项B和D在句意上似乎都可以,但这里修饰的名词是measures,所以选项D更恰当一些。

15.单选题

Themarketfordustmasksandairpurifiersis(

)inBeijingbecausethecapitalhasbeenshroudedforseveraldaysinthickfogandhaze.

问题1选项

A.booming

B.looming

C.dooming

D.zooming

【答案】A

【解析】考查形近词辨析。booming“兴旺的,繁荣的”;looming“隐隐约约的,正在逼近的”;dooming“命中注定,宣判”;zooming“急速上升的”。句意:北京的口罩和空气净化器市场正在迅速发展,因为首都已经连续几天笼罩在浓雾之中。因此A选项符合题意。

16.单选题

ConflicthadexistedbetweenSpainandEnglandsincethe1570s.EnglandwantedashareofthewealththatSpainhadbeentakingfromthelandsithadclaimedintheAmericas.ElizabethⅡ,QueenofEngland,encouragedherstaunchadmiralofthenavy,SirFrancisDrake,toraidSpanishshipsandtowns.Thoughtheseraidswereonasmallscale,Drakeachieveddramaticsuccess,addinggoldandsilvertoEngland’streasuryanddiminishingSpain’ssupremacy.Religiousdifferencesalsocausedconflictbetweenthetwocountries.WhereasSpainwasRomanCatholic,mostofEnglandhadbecomeProtestant.KingPhilipⅡofSpainwantedtoclaimthethroneandmakeEnglandaCatholiccountryagain.

TosatisfyhisambitionandalsotoretaliateagainstEngland’stheftofhisgoldandsilver,KingPhilipbegantobuildhisfleetofwarships,theSpanishArmada,inJanuary1586.Philipintendedhisfleettobeindestructible.Inadditiontobuildingnewwarships,hemarshaled130sailingvesselsofalltypesandrecruitedmorethan19,000robustsoldiersand8,000sailors.Althoughsomeofhisshipslackedgunsandotherslackedammunition,PhilipwasconvincedthathisAmadacouldwithstandanybattlewithEngland.

ThemartialArmadasetsailfromLisbon,Portugal,onMay9,1588,butbadweatherforceditbacktoport.ThevoyageresumedonJuly22aftertheweatherbecamemorestable.TheSpanishfeetmetthesmaller,faster,andmoremaneuverable.EnglishshipsinbattleoffthecoastofPlymouth,England,firstonJuly31andagainonAugust2.ThetwobattlesleftSpainvulnerable,havinglostseveralshipsandwithitsammunitiondepleted.OnAugust7,whiletheArmadalayatanchorontheFrenchsideoftheStraitofDover,EnglandsenteightburningshipsintothemidstoftheSpanishfleettosetitonfire.Blockedononeside,theSpanishshipscouldonlydriftawaytheircrewsinpanicanddisorder.BeforetheArmadacouldregroup,theEnglishattackedagainonAugust8.

AlthoughtheSpaniardsmadeavaliantefforttofightback,thefleetsufferedextensivedamage.Duringtheeighthoursofbattle,theArmadadriftedperilouslyclosetotherockycoastline.AtthemomentwhenitseemedthattheSpanishshipswouldbedrivenontotheEnglishshore,thewindshifted,andtheArmadadriftedoutintotheNorthSea.TheSpaniardsrecognizedthesuperiorityoftheEnglishfleetandreturnedhome,defeated.

1.SirFrancisDrakeaddedwealthtothetreasuryanddiminishedSpain’s________.

2.KingPhiliprecruitedmany________soldiersandsailors.

3.The________ArmadasetsailonMay9,1588.

4.ThetwobattleslefttheSpanishfleet________.

5.TheArmadawas________ononeside.

问题1选项

A.unlimitedpower

B.unrestrictedgrowth

C.territory

D.treaties

问题2选项

A.warlike

B.strong

C.accomplished

D.timid

问题3选项

A.complete

B.warlike

C.independent

D.isolated

问题4选项

A.opentochange

B.triumphant

C.opentoattack

D.defeated

问题5选项

A.closedoff

B.damaged

C.alone

D.circled

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.事实细节题。根据第一段第四句Thoughtheseraidswereonasmallscale,Drakeachieveddramaticsuccess,addinggoldandsilvertoEngland’streasuryanddiminishingSpain’ssupremacy.(虽然这些突袭的规模很小,但是德雷克取得了引人注目的成功,为英格兰国库增加了黄金和白银,削弱了西班牙的霸主地位。),supremacy的意思为“至高无上;最大权力;最高地位”,所以A选项“无限力量”正确。B选项“无限制的增长”,C选项“领土”和D选项“条约”不符合题意。因此A选项正确。

2.事实细节题。根据第二段第二句hemarshaled130sailingvesselsofalltypesandrecruitedmorethan19,000robustsoldiersand8,000sailors.(他指挥了130艘各类帆船,招募了19,000多名强壮的士兵和8,000多名水手。),robust的意思为“强壮的;强劲的”,在这里B选项“强壮的”正确。A选项“好战的;军事的”,C选项“技艺高超的”和D选项“胆小的”不符合题意。因此B选项正确。

3.推理判断题。根据第二段第三句Althoughsomeofhisshipslackedgunsandotherslackedammunition,PhilipwasconvincedthathisAmadacouldwithstandanybattlewithEngland.(尽管他的一些船只缺少枪支和弹药,但菲利普坚信他的无敌舰队可以抵抗任何与英国的战争。),可知这支舰队是用于军事的,所以B选项“军事的”正确。A选项“完整的”,C选项“独立的”和D选项“孤立的”:根据第三段第一句ThemartialArmadasetsailfromLisbon,Portugal,onMay9,1588,butbadweatherforceditbacktoport.(1588年5月9日,“无敌舰队”从葡萄牙里斯本起航,但恶劣的天气迫使它返回港口。),这里没有提到是否是整支舰队参与行动,并且这些参与行动的船只一起行动,并没有独立和孤立,故错误。因此B选项正确。

4.事实细节题。根据第三段第四句ThetwobattlesleftSpainvulnerable,havinglostseveralshipsandwithitsammunitiondepleted.(这两场战役使西班牙变得脆弱不堪,损失了几艘战舰,也耗尽了弹药。),vulnerable意思为“易受攻击的”,所以C选项“易受攻击”正确,A选项“接受改变”,B选项“大获全胜”和D选项“战败”不符合题意。因此C选项正确。

5.事实细节题。根据第三段倒数第二句Blockedononeside,theSpanishshipscouldonlydriftawaytheircrewsinpanicanddisorder.(西班牙船只被堵在一边,船员们只能在恐慌和混乱中漂流。),Blocked意思为“封锁”,所以A选项“封锁”正确。B选项“破坏”,C选项“单独的”和D选项“包围的”不符合题意。因此A选项正确。

17.案例题

Duringthenormaldevelopmentofself,achildisaffectedbycertaininfluentialfactors.(1).Infantsformanattachmentwiththemotherthatmustundergoaprocessofseparationandindividuation.Objectrelationspsychologyexaminesthisrelationship,whichdependsontheabilityofthechildtoseparatehimselffromhisobject,themother,andrealizethatheisaseparateindividual.(2).Certainly,affectionate,caringparentsareessentialaswell.Asthechildbeginstodevelophissenseofself,hemustmastercertaindevelopmentaltasksthatarepartofgrowingup,suchasacquisitionoflanguageandtoilettraining.(3).

(4).Sinceaninfantsrelationshipwithhismotherissoimportant,accordingtomanypsychologists,whateffectdoesbeingseparatedfromthebiologicalmotherhaveontheadoptedchild?(5).Butwhataboutachildwhoisolderwhenheisadopted?

(6).Whenheisplacedwithanadoptivefamily,heislikelytoexperienceseparationanxietyfrombisfostermother,whocanberegardedassymbolicallyabandoninghimashisownbiologicalmotherdid.

(7).Nowitseemsasthoughhehastostartover;hisprotestingmaygivewaytodespairasheyearnsforpeoplewhousedtobeinhislife.Theadoptivefamilyshouldofferasmuchaffectionandsecurityaspossibletoreassurethechildthatheissafe,thattheyarereliablesourcesoflovingcare,andthattheywillhelphimthroughthisdifficultstage.

(8).Althoughhemaynotmindtheactualseparationfromhismotherwhenhegoestoplayschoolordaycare,hemaybecomeobsessedaboutthetimewhenhismotherissupposedtopickhimupatdaycareorkindergarten;tardinessmayprovokefearsaboutcaraccidentsordeath.

Ontheotherhand,somepsychologistsbelievethatachildwhoisgivenmoreaffectionissometimesmorestronglyattachedtotheirparentsandthereforemorepronetoseparationanxietythanaresomeofthosewhoaretreatedmoreroughly.(9).Onthecontrary,thecapacitytoexperienceseparationanxietycanberegardedasasignofthehealthypersonality.(10).

Inthefollowingarticle,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions1〜10,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistatojtofitintoeachofthenumberedblank.

A.Asafe,lovingenvironmentisanothernecessarycomponentforthedevelopmentofahealthyself-concept.

B.Forinfantsadoptedatbirth,theeffectmaybeminimal,fortheinfanthasoftenhadnoopportunitytobondwiththebiologicalmother.

C.Sincesuch"dependence"inthewell-lovedchildisoutgrownandlaterprovidesthebasisforastableindependence,itwouldbeamistaketosupposeittobepathological.

D.Oneofthemostimportantinvolveshisrelationshipwithhismother.

E.What,then,effectdoesadoptionhaveonthedevelopmentofahealthysenseofself?

F.Histransitiontolivinginanadoptivehomemaybedifficultasheadjuststonewsurroundingsandcaregiversbecause,bytheageof18months,hehasalreadybeguntodevelopasenseofselfinrelationtoothers.

G.Despitetheseactions,sometimesachildmaycontinuetosufferfromseparationanxiety.

H.Anythingthatinterruptsthedevelopmentoftheseimportantskillsmayinterferewithdevelopingahealthyself-concept.

I.Consideratoddleradoptedattheageof18monthswhohaslivedinthesamefosterhomesincebirth.

J.Anadoptedchild,then,hasatleastanaveragechanceofsuccessfulindividuation,assumingheisadoptedbylovingparents.

【答案】(1)D

(2)A

(3)H

(4)I

(5)B

(6)F

(7)E

(8)G

(9)C

(10)J

【解析】1.根据下文:婴儿与母亲形成依恋关系,必须经历分离和个性化的过程。所以填空处应该与婴儿和母亲之间的关系相关。

2.根据下文:父母对子女的爱心和关爱是必不可少的...。选项A一个安全,充满爱的环境是发展健康自我概念的另一必要因素,与下文相对应,所以正确。

3.上文提到了developmentaltasks,选项H中"thedevelopmentoftheseimportantskills"与之相对应。

4.根据下文可知本段主要是讲被收养的孩子。这里是进行举例,所以选项I符合原文内容。

5.根据上文可知,这里是回答收养的孩子与生母之间的关系,选项B正确。

6.结合上下文的内容可知,这里是描述年龄大一点的被收养的孩子的生活状况,所以选F。

7.根据下文的内容可知本段主要是讲收养对健康的自我意识的发展的影响。选项E正确。

8.上一段提出了收养家庭应如何帮助收养的孩子提供关爱,度过难关,但下文的内容又指出孩子们依然可能会出现分离焦虑症,所以选项G尽管有这些措施,有时孩子可能会依然有分离焦虑症,符合原文逻辑。

9.选项C中的such"dependence"inthewell-lovedchild与上文中的achildwhoisgivenmoreaffectionissometimesmorestronglyattachedtotheirparents相对应,所以正确。

10.选项J如果一个被收养的孩子被慈爱的父母收养,那么他至少有平均的成功个性化的机会。这与上文紧密联系,所以正确。

18.单选题

WemetMaryandherhusbandatapartytwomonthsago.()we’vehadnofurthercommunication.

问题1选项

A.Thereof

B.Thereby

C.Thereafter

D.Thereabouts

【答案】C

【解析】考查副词辨析。A选项Thereof“由此;在其中;关于……”;B选项Thereby“从而,因此;在那附近;在那方面”;C选项Thereafter“其后;从那时以后”;D选项Thereabouts“大约;在那附近”。由后半句“we’vehadnofurthercommunication”(我们没有进一步的联系)可知是从上次见过以后就没有联系了,因此是时间前后的关系。句意:我们在两个月前的一次聚会上遇到了玛丽和她的丈夫,此后我们就没有进一步的联系了。因此C选项正确。

19.单选题

Thegoalistousecrops,weedsandevenanimalwaste()thepetroleumthatfuelsmuchofAmericanmanufacturing.

问题1选项

A.intermsof

B.infavorof

C.inspiteof

D.inplaceof

【答案】D

【解析】固定短语搭配。intermsof“按照”;infavorof“有利于”;inspiteof“尽管”;inplaceof“代替”。句意:目标是利用农作物、杂草,甚至动物的排泄物代替石油来为美国制造业提供燃料。选项D符合题意。

20.单选题

Language,cultureandpersonalitymaybeconsidered()ofeachotherinthought,buttheyareinseparableinfact.

问题1选项

A.indistinctly

B.indefinitely

C.irrelevantly

D.independently

【答案】D

【解析】indistinctly朦胧地;indefinitely无限地,不明确地;irrelevantly不相干地;independently独立地。根据句意可知应填入与inseparable相反的词,选项D符合语境。

21.单选题

CardinalMEZZOFANTIofBolognawasasecularsaintwhowassaidtospeak72languages.Or50.Noonewascertainofthetruefigure,butitwasalot.VisitorsflockedfromallcomersofEuropetotesthimandcameawaystunned.Twocondemnedprisonerswereduetobeexecuted,butnooneknewtheirlanguagetoheartheirconfession.Mezzofantilearneditinanight,heardtheirsinsthenextmorningandsavedthemfromhell.

Orsothelegendgoes.In“BabelNoMore”,MichaelErardhaswrittenthefirstseriousbookaboutthepeoplewhomastervastnumbersoflanguages—orclaimto.Ajournalistwithsomelinguisticstraining,Mr.Erardisnotahyperpolyglothimself(hespeakssomeSpanishandChinese),butheapproacheshistopicwithbothwonderandahealthydashofscepticism.

Tofindoutwhetheranyonecouldreallylearnsomanylanguages,Mr.ErardsetouttofindModernMezzofantis.Thepeoplehemeetsarecertainlyinteresting.Onemanwithamentalageofninehasavastmemoryforforeignwordsandtheuseofgrammaticalendings,buthecannotseemtobreakfreeofEnglishwordorder.KenHals,whowasalinguistattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyanddiedin2001,wassaidtohavelearned50languages.Professionallinguistssillswearbyhistalent.Butheinsistedhespokeonlythree(English,SpanishandWarlpiri—fromAustralia’sNorthernTerritory)andcouldmerely“talk”inothers.Mr.Erardsaysthattruehyperpolyglotterybeginsatabout11languages,andthatwhilelegendsabound,triedandtestedexemplarsarefew.

Attheendofhisstory,however,ErardfindsasurpriseinMezzofanti’sarchive:flashcards.Stacksofthem,inGeorgian,Hungarian,Arabic,Algonquinandnineothertongues.Theworld’smostcelebratedhyperpolyglotreliedonthesametoolsgiventofirst-yearlanguagelearnerstoday.Theconclusion?Hyperpolyglotsmaybeginwithtalentbuttheyaren’tgeniuses.Theysimplyenjoytasksthataredrudgerytonormalpeople.Thetalentandenjoymentdriveavirtuouscyclethatpushesthemtofeatsotherssimplyshaketheirheadsat.

1.Theword“hyperpolyglot”(para.2)referstotheonewho().

2.By“ahealthydashofskepticism”,theauthordemonstratesMr.Erard’s().

3.Mr.Erard’seffortstofindtheModernMezzofantis().

4.Whatistheemphasisinthelastparagraph?

5.Thepassageismostlikelyapartof().

问题1选项

A.enjoyslearninglanguages

B.receivesstrictlanguagetraining

C.speaksmanylanguages

D.excelsinlanguagetests

问题2选项

A.biasedopinion

B.objectiveattitude

C.strongmotivation

D.extremecuriosity

问题3选项

A.arenotveryfruitful

B.willnotendinvain

C.seemtopayoff

D.arehighlyappreciated

问题4选项

A.Thereisnoshortcutinlanguagelearning.

B.Weallhavethepotentialtobeagoodlanguagelearner.

C.Somepeoplearemoregiftedtolearnlanguages.

D.Goodlanguagelearnershavespeciallearningtechniques.

问题5选项

A.aresearchpaper

B.asciencefiction

C.anewsreport

D.abookreview

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】1.语义推测题。根据第二段第三句Ajournalistwithsomelinguisticstraining,Mr.Erardisnotahyperpolyglothimself(hespeakssomeSpanishandChinese),(埃拉尔是一名记者,接受过一些语言学训练,但他自己并不是(),他会说一点西班牙语和汉语),会说一点西班牙语和汉语用来补充解释前面的hyperpolyglot,和C选项“会说多种语言”对应,hyperpolyglot是“语言狂人”,故C选项正确。A选项“喜欢学语言”文章没有提到。B选项“接受严格的语言训练”:Erard学过一些,说不上严格。D选项“擅长语言测试”,文章没有讲语言测试。因此C选项正确。

2.语义推测题。根据第三段最后一句Mr.Erardsaysthattruehyperpolyglotterybeginsatabout11languages,andthatwhilelegendsabound,triedandtestedexemplarsarefew.(埃拉尔说,真正的语言狂人大约从会11种语言开始,虽然传说比比皆是,但经过验证的例子却很少。),可知实际上语言狂人没有大家所知的那么多,所以Erard的怀疑是客观的,故B选项“客观的态度”正确,A选项“有偏见的观点”错误。C选项“强烈的动机”和D选项“极度的好奇心”和事例无关。因此B选项正确。

3.语义推测题。根据第三段第一句Tofindoutwhetheranyonecouldreallylearnsomanylanguages,Mr.ErardsetouttofindModernMezzofantis.(为了弄清楚是否真的有人能学会这么多语言,埃拉尔开始寻找现代的Mezzofantis。),和第三段最后一句triedandtestedexemplarsarefew(通过验证的例子很少),表明Erard的调查目的起码有些成效,故C选项“似乎有回报”正确。A选项“都不是很有成效”:在这过程中Erard遇到很多有趣的人,做了一些测试,得到一些结果。B选项“不会徒然结束”:没有提到后续相关事情。D选项“高度赞赏”:文中没有对调查结果的评价。因此C选项正确。

4.语义推测题。根据第四段最后两句Theysimplyenjoytasksthataredrudgerytonormalpeople.Thetalentandenjoymentdriveavirtuouscyclethatpushesthemtofeatsotherssimplyshaketheirheadsat.(他们只是喜欢那些对普通人来说是苦差事的工作。天赋和乐趣驱动着一个良性循环,推动他们去完成别人根本不屑的壮举。),天赋和乐趣推动掌握多种语言的人持续不断的学习,也就是对普通人来说是苦差事又不屑的壮举,故A选项“语言学习没有捷径”正确。B选项“我们都有潜力成为一个好的语言学习者”和C选项“有些人在学习语言方面更有天赋”:有的人一开始或许是有天赋,但有天赋还不够,而持续学习不是普通人会做的。D选项“好的语言学习者有特殊的学习技巧”:根据最后一段第三句Theworld’smostcelebratedhyperpolyglotreliedonthesametoolsgiventofirst-yearlanguagelearnerstoday.(世界上最著名的语言狂人使用的工具和今天给一年级语言学习者是一样的。),可知D选项“好的语言学习者有特殊的学习技巧”错误。因此A选项正确。

5.主旨大意题。根据文章通过多个例子证明自己的观点,可知本文是议论体裁,故A选项“研究论文”正确。B选项“科幻小说”:没有幻想和科技的成分。C选项“新闻报道”:讲述事例不够客观。D选项“书评”:没有详细评价和介绍书。因此A选项正确。

22.翻译题

美国人以两个特殊的日子向父母表示敬意:这便是每年五月第二个星期日的母亲节和六月第三个星期日的父亲节。人们用各种形式来庆贺这两个特殊的日子。在母亲节那天,人们佩戴康乃馨(carnation);很多人还通过参加宗教仪式来向父母致意;在这两天,许多家庭在家中或到餐馆去聚会。这是充满欢乐、美好情感和美好回忆的日子。

【答案】PeopleintheUnitedStateshonortheirparentswithtwospecialdays:Mother'sDay,onthesecondSundayinMay,andFather'sDay,onthethirdSundayinJune.Thesedaysaresetasidetoshowloveandrespectforparents.OnMother'sDaypeoplewearcarnations;manypeopleattendreligiousservicestohonorparents.Onthesedaysfamiliesgettogetherathome,aswellasinrestaurants.Thesearedaysoffunandgoodfeelingsandmemories.

23.单选题

Thetwoarticlesarousesuspicion.Thetheory?Thenovel?Sincethereisnosuchthingasthenovel,howcantherebeasingletheory?Oristheeditorsomesoilofmonist?Blinkeredhedgehoginwildfoxcountry?Thejacketidentifiesinwildfoxcountry?ThejacketidentifiesMr.Halperinas“AssociateProfessorandDirectorofGraduateStudiesintheDepartmentofEnglishattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.”Thisistrueacademicweight.“HeisalsotheauthorofTheLanguageofMeditation:FourStudiesinNine-teenth-CenturyFictionandEgoismandSelf-DiscoveryintheVictorianNovel,”Well,meditationifnotlanguageisbiginSouthernCalifornia,wheremanyanavocadotreeshadesitssmogboundZenmaster,whil

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