考研考博-英语-四川机电职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-四川机电职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Themountainpeakis（）onthehorizon.

问题1选项

A.straddling

B.overlooking

C.towering

D.dominant

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配。straddling“跨坐”；overlooking“俯瞰”；towering“高耸的，超越的”，侧重于与周围环境形成比较；dominant“占优势的，显性的”，bedominanton“占主导”。句意：山顶耸立在地平线上。题目中山峰没有和周围环境形成比较，在地平线上最显眼。选项D符合题意。

2.单选题

Itisnowbelievedthatthedramaticchangesinfamilystructure,thoughregrettable,areimpossibletoreverse.

问题1选项

A.sensational

B.emotional

C.horrible

D.striking

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项sensational“轰动的；耸人听闻的；非常好的；使人感动的”；B选项emotional“情绪的；易激动的；感动人的”；C选项horrible“可怕的；极讨厌的”；D选项striking“显著的，突出的，惊人的；打击的；罢工的”。句意：人们现在认为，家庭结构的显著变化虽然令人遗憾，但是不可能逆转的。本句关键词dramatic表示“巨大的；急剧的；引人注目的；令人激动的；戏剧的”，在句中可和striking（显著的）做同义替换；因此D选项正确。

3.单选题

Aspeoplecontinuetogrowandage,ourbodysystemscontinuetochange.Atacertainpointinyourlife,yourbodysystembegantoweaken.Yourjointmaybecomestiff.Itmaybecomemoredifficultforyoutoseeandhear.Theslowchangeofagingcausesourbodiestolosesomeoftheirabilitytobouncebackfromdiseaseandinjury.Inordertolivelonger,wehavealwaystriedtosloworstopthisprocessthatleadsustowardtheendofourlives.

Manyfactorscontributetoyourhealth.Awell-balanceddietplaysanimportantrole.Theamountandtypeofexercisesyougetisanotherfactor.Yourlivingenvironmentandtheamountofstressyouareunderisyetanother.Butscientistsstudyingsenescencewanttoknow:Whydopeoplegrowold?Theyhopethatbyexaminingtheagingprocessonacellularlevelmedicalsciencemaybeabletoextendthelengthoflife.

Thereisnothingtobeafraidofasoldageapproaches.Manyconsiderthelaterportionsoflifetobethebesttimeforliving.Physicalactivitymaylessen,butoftenyougainabroaderunderstandingofyourselfandtheworld.

Whatweconsideroldagenowmayonlybemiddle-agedsomedaysoon.Whoknowswithsomanyadvancesinmedicalsciencehappeningsoquickly,lifespansmayonedaybemeasuredincenturies,ratherthaninyears!

1.Whenpeoplebecomeaging,theywilllosesomeoftheirabilitytobouncebackfromdiseaseandinjury,“bounceback”heremeans（）.

2.Inordertolivelonger,（）.

3.Whyaresomescientistsinterestedinstudyingsenescence?

4.Manyconsiderthelaterportionsoflifetobethebesttimeofliving,because（）.

5.Accordingtothepassage,“spans”means（）.

问题1选项

A.toimproveinhealthafterone’sdiseaseandinjury

B.torunfast

C.torecoverfromdiseaseandinjury

D.tojumpafterrecovering

问题2选项

A.weshouldpostponetheprocessofaging

B.weshouldtrytodosomeexercise

C.wehavetotrytobeonadiet

D.weshouldkeepinhighspirits

问题3选项

A.Theymaybeabletofindbetterwaystoourlife.

B.Iftheypindownthebiochemicalprocessthatmakesusage,therewillbehopeforextendingthelengthoflife.

C.Theywantfindoutifthereisalinkbetweenhowefficientlyacellcouldrepairitselfandhowlongacreaturelives.

D.Theywanttoincreasethegeneralabilityofourbodies.

问题4选项

A.theyhaveaverygoodunderstandingofthemselvesandtheoutsideworld

B.theyhavenothingtodoalldaylongonlytowatchtheirgrandchildrengrowinguparoundthem

C.theyhavecomethroughthebattleoflifesafely

D.theyconsidertheirlifehasbeenasuccessfulone

问题5选项

A.alongperiodoftime

B.alengthoftime

C.alongdistancefromoneplacetoanother

D.longevity

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.信息推断题。根据第一段的第五句“Theslowchangeofagingcausesourbodiestolosesomeoftheir

2.信息推断题。根据第一段的最后一句“Inordertolivelonger,wehavealwaystriedtoslowor

3.事实细节题。根据第二段的最后一句“Theyhopethatbyexaminingtheagingprocessonacellularlevelmedicalsciencemaybeabletoextendthelengthoflife.”他们希望通过在细胞层次上研究衰老过程，医学可能延长人们的寿命。选项B符合原文。

4.事实细节题。根据第三段的最后一句“Physicalactivitymaylessen,butoftenyougainabroaderunderstandingofyourselfandtheworld.”选项A符合原文。

5.词汇推断题。根据原文句意：lifespans将来也许会以几个世纪来计算，而不是以几年来计算。由此可推断，spans指时间的长短。所以选项B正确。

4.单选题

Framingaprobleminmythologicaltermscanpointtowardsolutionsatdeepermythiclevels.Forcenturies,theguidingmythofWesternculturehasbeenwhatmightbecalledthe“GrandNarrativeofProgress.”Itisthestoryofmovementtowardagoal—achievement,improvement,andconquest.Modernscienceandtechnologyhavepropelledthismyth,extendingthehumanlife-span,harnessingnaturalresourcesandthepoweroftheatom,carryingsoundsthroughtheatmosphere,andexploringouterspacebydefyinggravityitself.

Rationalthoughtandtheempiricalscientificmethodbecamethechiefinstrumentsoftheprogressmyth,andtheypromisedtodiscernwhicheconomicsystem,whichformofgovernment,andwhichaestheticdesignwouldbestleadhumanityoutofconfusiontowardautopianfuture.Assciencetestshypotheses,thosethatfailtobeverifiedareabandoned,allowingsciencetomoveforwardinaself-correcting,progressivedirection.

Mythologywasequatedwithsuperstitionandfalsehood:itsmostvitalelementscouldnotbesubjectedtoempiricalverification,anditemanatedfromthewellofimaginationratherthanreason.Spiritualconcerns,beliefsinthedivine,andrespectforthesacredwereconsideredtobethe“opiumofthemasses”and,likeanyotheraddiction,ahindrancetoprogress.

ButastheGrandNarrativeofProgresscametodominateothervaluesandviews,itcastamalignantshadow.Theinventionoftheautomobilewasthequintessenceofprogress,butitleftovercrowdedhighways,airpollution,anddeforestationinitswake.Fertilizersincreasedcropproductionbutalsoincreasedthegrowthofalgaeinlakesandcanals.Thediscoveryofpowerfulinsecticides—firstgreetedwithenthusiasmandaNobelPrize—wasfollowedbytheunintentionalpoisoningoffish,birds,andanimals.Nuclearpowerplantsincreasedavailableenergybutledtostorageproblems,life-threateningcontamination,andatleastoneaccidentwithworldwiderepercussions.Thewasteproductsoftechnologicallivingbegantochokegreatcitiesandfoulonce-pristinelands.AlthoughWesternhousing,clothing,andreligionwerebroughttoaboriginalpeople,andtherateofinfectiousdiseasewentdown,therateofalcoholism,drugaddiction,suicide,andspouseandchildrenabusewentup.

1.Bythefirstsentenceofthepassagetheauthormeansthat（）.

2.TheGrandNarrativeofProgresscanberealizedbecause（）.

3.Inthelastparagraph,theword“malignant”means（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheviewoftheauthor?

问题1选项

A.mythisveryimportantintheproblem-solutionrelationship

B.scienceandtechnologyarehelpfultosolvetheproblems

C.theGrandNarrativeofProgressispowerful

D.problemandsolutionarethetwins

问题2选项

A.itemanatedfromimaginationratherthanreason

B.itisthestoryofamovementtowardagoal

C.itdominatesothervaluesandviews

D.itiswiththoughtandmethod

问题3选项

A.fantastic

B.dominant

C.benign

D.harmful

问题4选项

A.Humanprogresshasnothingtodowithmythologies.

B.Themythhashelpedlittleinshapingthehumanfuture.

C.TheGrandNarrativeofProgressshouldbecriticized.

D.Scienceandtechnologycanleadustoautopianfuture

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:C

【解析】1.根据句意:用神话构思问题能更好地从神话的角度解决问题。也就是说,神话在解决问题的过程中非常重要。选项A正确。

2.根据关键词“GrandNarrativeofProgress”定位到第一段“...Itisthestoryofmovementtowardagoal—achievement,improvement,andconquest.”这是一个朝着目标前进的故事——成就、进步和征服。“进步大神话”之所以能实现是因为它有明确的目标,朝着目标前进。选项B符合原文。

3.原文中“malignant”修饰shadow,而在接下来的内容中主要描述的是“进步大神话”的负面影响,由此可以推断,shadow指阴影,选项中表示贬义的形容词只有选项D,所以“malignant”指有害的。

4.根据原文第三段可知,作者对神话的态度是反对的,紧接着在第四段花大量的篇幅讲述了“进步大神话”的负面影响,由此可以推断,作者认为,“进步大神话”应该受到批评。选项C正确。

5.翻译题

II.(本题3段，每段10分)

HumanisticpsychologyHumanisticpsychologistsbelievethatbehavioristsareover-concernedwiththescientificstudyandanalysisoftheactionsofmanasanorganism,totheneglectofbasicaspectsofmanasafeeling,thinkingindividual,andthattoomucheffortisspentinlaboratoryresearch,whichquantifiesandreduceshumanbehaviortoitselements.Humanistsalsotakeissuewiththedeterministicorientationofpsychoanalysis,whichpostulatesthatman’searlyexperiencesanddrivesdeterminehisbehavior.Humaniststendtobelievethattheindividualisresponsibleforhislifeandactionsandmaytimecreativelychangehisattitudesorbehaviorthroughawarenessandwill.Thehumanistisconcernedwiththefullestgrowthoftheindividualintheareasoflove,fulfillment,self-worth,andautonomy;maturationisconsideredaprocessduringwhichoneestablishesandfollowsone’ssystemofvalues.

ExperimentmethodTheexperimentisaresearchinwhichtheinvestigatormanipulatesavariablecarefullycontrolledconditionsandobserveswhetheranychangesoccurinasecondvariableasaresult.Thus,thepurposeofanexperimentistofindouthowonevariable,let’scallitX,affectsanothervariable,whichwe’llcallY.Inthisformulation,werefertoXastheindependentvariabletoYasthedependentvariable.Anindependentvariableisaconditionoreventthatanexperimentervariesinordertoseeitsimpactonanothervariable.Agoodshortcutforsortingouttheindependentvariablesinexperimentsistofitthevariablesintotheequation“HowXaffectsY.”

IntelligenceIntelligencereferstocognitiveabilitiesofanindividualtolearnfromexperience,toreasonwell,andtocopeeffectivelywiththedemandsofdailyliving.Inshort,intelligencehastodowithhowwellapersonisabletousecognitionincopingwiththeworld.Thetermintelligencewasnotinwidespreaduseuntilitwaspopularizedinthelate1800sbythewritingsofSirFrancisGalton.GaltonwasacousinofCharlesDarwin,thescientistcreditedfordevelopingthetheoryofevolutionbasedonnaturalselectionofinheritedcharacteristics.Galtonbelievedthatintellectualabilitywasinherited,andhetriedunsuccessfullytodevelopanintelligencetesttouseinhisresearch.Althoughhewasunsuccessfulinhisownresearch,Galtongavepsychologytheconceptofintelligence.

【答案】人本心理学6.单选题

Atthepressconference,thePrimeMinister______thegovernment’srefusaltocompromisewithterrorists.

问题1选项

A.rectified

B.remunerated

C.reeked

D.reiterated

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项rectify“改正，精馏，整流”，B项remunerate“酬劳，给与报酬，赔偿”，C项reek“散发臭味，带有令人不快（或不满）的内容”，D项reiterate“重申，反复地做”。由thegovernment’srefusaltocompromisewithterrorists“政府拒绝向恐怖分子妥协”可知，“重申”符合语境。句意：首相在新闻发布会上重申了拒绝向恐怖分子妥协的立场。因此，该题选择D项正确。

7.单选题

Everybodylovesafatpayrise.Yetpleasureatyourowncanvanishifyoulearnthatacolleaguehasbeengivenabiggerone.Indeed,ifhehasareputationforslacking,youmightevenbeoutraged.Suchbehaviorisregardedas“alltoohuman”，withtheunderlyingassumptionthatotheranimalswouldnotbecapableofthisfinelydevelopedsenseofgrievance.ButastudybySarahBrosnanandFransdeWaalofEmoryUniversityinAtlanta,Georgia,whichhasjustbeenpublishedinNature,suggeststhatitisalltoomonkey,aswell.

Theresearchersstudiedthebehavioroffemalebrowncapuchinmonkeys.Theylookcute.Theyaregood-natured,co-operativecreatures,andtheysharetheirfoodtardily.Aboveall,liketheirfemalehumancounterparts,theytendtopaymuchcloserattentiontothevalueof“goodsandservices”thanmales.

SuchcharacteristicsmakethemperfectcandidatesforDr.Brosnan'sandDr.dewaal'sstudy.Theresearchersspenttwoyearsteachingtheirmonkeystoexchangetokensforfood.Normally,themonkeyswerehappyenoughtoexchangepiecesofrockforslicesofcucumber.However,whentwomonkeyswereplacedinseparatebutadjoiningchambers,sothateachcouldobservewhattheotherwasgettinginreturnforitsrock,theirbehaviorbecamemarkedlydifferent.

Intheworldofcapuchinsgrapesareluxurygoods（andmuchpreferabletocucumbers）.Sowhenonemonkeywashandedagrapeinexchangeforhertoken,thesecondwasreluctanttohandhersoverforamerepieceofcucumber.Andifonereceivedagrapewithouthavingtoprovidehertokeninexchangeatall,theothereithertossedherowntokenattheresearcheroroutofthechamber,orrefusedtoacceptthesliceofcucumber.Indeed,themerepresenceofagrapeintheotherchamber（withoutanactualmonkeytoeatit）wasenoughtoinduceresentmentinafemalecapuchin.

Theresearchessuggestthatcapuchinmonkeys,likehumans,areguidedbysocialemotions.Inthewild,theyareaco-operative,group-livingspecies.Suchco-operationislikelytobestableonlywheneachanimalfeelsitisnotbeingcheated.Feelingsofrighteousindignation,itseems,arenotthepreserveofpeoplealone.Refusingalesserrewardcompletelymakesthesefeelingsabundantlycleartoothermembersofthegroup.However,whethersuchasenseoffairnessevolvedindependentlyincapuchinsandhumans,orwhetheritstemsfromthecommonancestorthatthespecieshad35millionyearsago,is,asyet,anunansweredquestion.

1.Theauthorintroduceshistopicintheopeningparagraphby（）.

2.Thestatement“itisalltoomonkey”（Lastline,paragraph1）impliesthat（）.

3.Theresearcherschosefemalecapuchinmonkeysforstudyprobablybecausetheyare（）.

4.Theresearchersfoundintheirstudythatthemonkeys（）.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat（）.

问题1选项

A.posingacontrast

B.makingacomparison

C.justifyinganassumption

D.explainingaphenomenon

问题2选项

A.monkeysarealsooutragedbyslackrivals

B.resentingunfairnessisalsomonkeys'nature

C.monkeys,likehumans,tendtobejealousofeachother

D.noanimalsotherthanmonkeyscandevelopsuchemotions

问题3选项

A.moregenerousthantheirmalecompanions

B.niceinbothappearanceandtemperament

C.moreinclinedtoweighwhattheyget

D.attentivetoresearchers'instructions

问题4选项

A.prefergrapestocucumbers

B.canbetaughttoexchangethings

C.areunhappywhenseparatedfromothers

D.willnotbecooperativeiffeelingcheated

问题5选项

A.monkeyscanbetrainedtodevelopsocialemotions

B.humanindignationevolvedfromanuncertainsource

C.animalsusuallyshowtheirfeelingsopenlyashumansdo

D.cooperationamongmonkeysremainsstableonlyinthewild

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.考查写作手法。第一段将人与猴子之间的相似性进行比较,说明人会将自己与其同类进行比较，而一项研究也表明猴子也存在这种现象。A项"posingacontrast"提出一个对比，但文章不止提出了对比，还进行了分析。B项"makingacomparison"作对比，符合题意。contrast多用于不同事物之间的比较；而compare多用于类比，即同类事物之间的比较。C项“证明一个假设”，第一段说的是人与猴子的比较，而不是假设什么东西。D项“解释一种现象”与第一段不符。故B项正确。、

2.判断推理题。由于题目表面看上去是问一个词组的意思，实际上只有先理解“alltoohuman太具人性化的”然后才能够理解“alltoomonkey太猴子化了”。A项“猴子也会被懒散的竞争对手激怒。”文章中开篇的时候只是说人会被懒散的竞争对手激怒，并没有说动物也会被懒散的竞争对手激怒，故A项错误。C项“猴子和人一样，也会彼此嫉妒。”这是最大的干扰项，本文的主题就是要告诉大家“猴子也痛恨不公平”，故该项与原文内容有区别。D项“除了猴子没有动物能够培养出这样的感情。”从原文并不能推断出这个观点。故B项“猴子与人一样，也会憎恶不公平”。

3.细节事实题。由第二段以及第三段一句话“Theresearchersstudiedthebehavioroffemalebrowncapuchinmonkeys.Theylookcute.Theyaregood-natured,co-operativecreatures,andtheysharetheirfoodtardily.Aboveall,liketheirfemalehumancounterparts,theytendtopaymuchcloserattentiontothevalueof“goodsandservices”thanmales.SuchcharacteristicsmakethemperfectcandidatesforDr.Brosnan'sandDr.dewaal'sstudy."研究人员研究了雌性棕色卷尾猴的行为。他们看起来很可爱。它们性情温和，乐于合作，总是很晚才分享食物。最重要的是，和人类女性一样，他们往往比男性更关注“商品和服务”的价值。这些特征使他们成为布鲁斯南博士和德瓦尔博士研究的完美对象。由“aboveall最重要的是”后面的内容可知母猴更密切关注商品和服务的价值”也就是母猴权衡她们获得的东西，该优势使其成为被研究对象。故C项正确。B项文中虽有提到，但不是最重要的。AD两项文中均未提及。

4.细节事实题。最后一段第二句"Suchco-operationislikelytobestableonlywheneachanimalfeelsitisnotbeingcheated"只有当每只动物都觉得自己没有被欺骗时，这种合作才有可能是稳定的。”由此可知C项正确。AB两项是事实，但不是结论。D项明显是错误的。

5.判断推理题。由最后一段"However,whethersuchasenseoffairnessevolvedindependentlyincapuchinsandhumans,orwhetheritstemsfromthecommonancestorthatthespecieshad35millionyearsago,is,asyet,anunansweredquestion.然而，这种公平感是在卷尾猴和人类身上独立进化而来的，还是来自三千五百万年前的共同祖先，至今仍是个未解之谜。"由此可知B项“人类的对不公平的愤怒起源不明”正确。ACD三项都无法从最后一段推断出来。故B项正确。

8.单选题

Whathetoldyouisstrictly（）.Don’tletanyoneelseknowofit.

问题1选项

A.secretive

B.individual

C.particular

D.confidential

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。secretive“秘密的，偷偷摸摸的”；individual“个别的，独特的”；particular“特别的，详细的”；confidential“机密的，表示信任的”。根据下一句的内容“不要让其他人知晓此事”，可知他所告知的事情是机密的，对被告知人是表示信任的，所以选项D相对于选项A来说要更恰当。

9.翻译题

Theminiaturizationofthecomponentsofcomputerchipshasprovedunstoppable.Ineachnewgeneration,thosecomponentsaresmallerandmoretightlypackedthantheywereinitspredecessor.Progresshasbeensorapidthatchipdesignersareapproachingapparentlyfundamentalbarrierstofurtherreductionsinsizeandincreasesindensity.Oneoftheseisimposedbytheneedtowirethecomponentsinachiptogether,sothattheycanexchangesignals.But,inaminiaturizedversionoftheshifttowirelesscommunicationinthemacroscopicworld,agroupofresearchersledbyAlainNogaretoftheUniversityofBath,inEngland,thinktheycanmakechipswhosecomponentstalktoeachotherwirelessly.

Atpresent,theelectronicsthattransmitandreceivetheradiowavesusedinwirelessdevicesaretoolargetobeusedwithinindividualchips.ButDrNogaretbelieveshecanovercomethis.LastweekheandhiscolleaguesatthreeotherBritishuniversities,anotherinBelgiumandaresearchinstituteinFrancewonthemoneytotrytobuildsuchadevice.

Theresearchersintendtousethestandardlithographic（平印刷板）techniquesemployedinchipmakingtocoatasemiconductorwithmicroscopicmagnets.Thesemagnetswillgeneratelocalmagneticfieldsthatpointinoppositedirectionsatdifferentpointsonthechip'ssurface.Electronshaveapropertycalledspinthatisaffectedbymagneticfields,andtheteamhopestouseaneffectcalledinverseelectron-spinresonance（谐振）tomakeelectronspassingthroughthechipemitmicrowaves..

Thetechniquetheyareproposingisthereverseoftheprocessinmedicalmagnetic-resonanceimaging.InMRI,thepatientisplacedinastrongmagneticfieldthatcausessomeofhisbodyatomicnuclei,whichactliketinymagnetizedspinningtops,toalignthemselveswiththefield.Thenucleiarethenzappedbrieflywithasecondmagneticfieldthatknocksthemoutofalignmentwiththefirstone.Thecoilsinthescanningapparatusdetectthesemagneticchanges,whichareusedtobuildupamapofthepartofthebodybeingexamined.Afterafewseconds,thenucleithemselveswiththefield,radiatingsmallamountsofenergyasheator,morerarely,asradiowaves.

Inchips,DrNogaretproposestousethespinoftheelectronratherthanthespinoftheatomicnucleus.Electronsflowingthroughthechipwould“see”amagneticfieldthatflipsfromonedirectiontotheoppositeeveryfewhundrednanometres(billionthsofametre).ThisistheequivalentofzappingtothestationaryobjectwithanoscillatingmagneticfieldofthesortusedinMRI.Thechangingmagneticfieldwouldforcetheelectronstooscillate,too,butwouldnotallowthemtoradiateheat.Asaresult,theywouldbeforcedtoemitradiowaves—or,rather,microwaves,whicharesimilarbutofshorterwavelength.

【答案】事实证明，计算机芯片元件的小型化是不可阻挡的。每一次更新换代，这些组件相比以前更小巧，排列更紧密。发展如此之快，使得芯片设计者在进一步缩小元件尺寸、压缩元件密度方面逐渐面临一些根本性难题。其中一个问题就是芯片中的组件需要用线路连接起来，以便于交换信号。不过，英国巴斯大学的阿兰·诺加雷特领导的一组研究人员认为，通过将宏观条件下的无线通信传输微型化，他们可以研制出使用无线通信组件的芯片。

目前，无线设备中用来发射和接收无线电波的电子设备太大，无法在单个芯片中使用。但诺加雷特博士认为他可以解决这一问题。上周他和他来自另三所英国大学、一所比利时大学及一个法国研究所的同事争取到了一笔资金用来研发这个设备。

研究者打算使用芯片制作的标准平印刷板技术，将许多极小的磁铁包被到一块半导体上。这些磁铁可产生局部磁场，从相反的方向作用于芯片表面的不同位点。电子具有一种自旋特性，可受磁场影响。研究小组希望利用一种“反电子自旋谐振”效应，让穿过芯片的电子发射微波。

他们提出的技术与医学核磁共振成像的过程正好相反。在这个过程中，病人被置于一个强磁场，该磁场可让患者机体原子核（运动方式类似于磁化的陀螺）顺着磁场方向排列。然后，用第二个磁场短时轰击这些原子核，使其脱离第一个磁场的阵列。扫描仪中的线圈探测到这些磁性变化，并由此构建出受检身体部位的图谱。几秒钟之后，原子核沿磁场方向重新排列，并放射出少量热能或者无线电波（更罕见）。

在芯片制作方面，诺加雷特博士提议利用电子自旋而非原子核自旋。流经芯片的电子可以“识别”某一磁场，该磁场每隔几百纳米（十亿分之一米）就变换一次方向。这相当于核磁共振中不断摆动的磁场，令其轰击某一静止物体。不断变化的磁场也会迫使电子振荡，但不允许它们散射热能。这样一来，电子仅可发出无线电波或者更确切地说是微波，它与无线电波类似，但波长较短。

10.单选题

Recentlyanumberofcaseshavebeenreportedofyoungchildren（）aviolentactprevi-ouslyseenontelevision.

问题1选项

A.modifying

B.duplicating

C.accelerating

D.stimulating

【答案】B

【解析】动词辨析。句意：最近报道了很多案例：孩子们总是以前在电视上见过的暴力行为。modify修改，修饰；duplicate复制，重复；accelerate加速，促进；stimulate刺激。B项duplicate在此可译为“模仿”。

11.单选题

Theproblemhas（）simplybecauseyoudidn’tfollowmyinstruction.

问题1选项

A.raised

B.risen

C.arisen

D.aroused

【答案】C

【解析】近义词辨析。raise是及物动词,“提高,升起”;rise为不及物动词,“上升,增强”;arise“出现,上升”;arouse“激发,唤醒”。句意:出现这个问题仅仅是因为你没有听从我的指示。选项C符合句意。

12.翻译题

中国的电影行业已经步入了一个新阶段，始于七年前的行业结构改革使国内票房以年均3%的惊人速度达到一个新的增长水平，这在世界上也是不多见的。

更多的优秀电影展现给了公众，这自然会吸引越来越多的观众走进电影院，也会激发投资商对该行业投资的热情，这的确是个良性循环。中央政府已经采取了新政策，帮助刺激国内市场的发展。随着国内与国际市场密切关系的建立，国产影片在海外的影响和竞争力一定会越来越大。中国也已经承诺，将按照WTO协议进一步开放娱乐市场。

当前，中国的电影制作人主要是自筹资金，但是新的筹资渠道正在出现。随着中国金融体制的完善，越来越多的电影电视公司依靠金融机构筹集资金，同时以票房收入、版权转让以及演员的个人声望做保障。

【答案】【参考译文】China’sfilmindustryhasenteredanewstage.Thestructurereformoffilmindustrystartingfromsevenyearsagohasincreasedthedomesticboxofficeastonishinglyinanaverageannualspeedof3%toanewlevelofgrowth,andthisisalsorareintheworld.

Anincreasingnumberofgoodmovieswillnaturallyattractmoreandmoreaudiencesintocinemaandalsostimulatetheinvestors’enthusiasmforinvestinginthisindustry,whichisindeedapositivecircle.Thecentralgovernmenthasadoptedanewpolicytostimulatethedevelopmentofthedomesticmarket.Withtheestablishmentofacloserelationshipbetweenthedomesticandinternationalmarket,theinfluenceandcompetitivenessofdomesticfilmsinoverseaswillcertainlybeincreasing.ChinahasalsopromisedtofurtheropenitsentertainmentmarketinaccordancewiththeWTOagreement.

Atpresent,theChina’sfilmmakersmainlyhavefundsraisedbythemselves,butthenewfinancingchannelsareemerging.WiththeimprovementoftheChinesefinancialsystem,moreandmorefilmandtelevisioncompaniesarerelyingonfinancialinstitutionstoraisefundsandatthesametimeusingtheboxofficeearnings,copyrighttransferandtheactor’spersonalpopularityasguarantees.

13.单选题

GeorgeGallup,Jr.,themanwhomakesand（

）hisreputation（

）knowingwhatAmericansthink,hasbroughtallhispollingstrategiestogethertoidentifyandanalyzewhathecallsfutureforces.

问题1选项

A.challenges...on

B.stakes...on

C.hazards...to

D.bets...to

【答案】B

【解析】challenge…on在……方面挑战；stake…on把赌注押在……上面；hazard...to对……有危险；bet不与to搭配。句意：GeorgeGallup，Jr.这个把自己的名誉押在知晓美国人想法上的人，将所有的投票策略集中到一起，以确定和分析他所说的未来力量。选项B符合句意。

14.单选题

Manysocialservicesareprovidedby（

）societiesandorganizationsthatdonotexpectanymaterialpayment.

问题1选项

A.wealthy

B.voluntary

C.helpful

D.spiritual

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。wealthy“富有的；充分的”；voluntary“自愿的”；helpful“有帮助的；有益的”；spiritual“精神的；心灵的”。句意：很多社团自愿组织提供很多社会福利事业，并不期望任何物质报酬。选项B符合题意。

15.单选题

RetireeslookingtostretchtheirpensionsmightconsiderspendingtheirgoldenyearsinEcuador,PanamaorMexico,______costoflivingislowandtheweatheriswarm,accordingtoanewindex.

问题1选项

A.which

B.when

C.where

D.whose

【答案】C

【解析】考查语法知识。空格前是一个完整的句子，因此逗号后需要一个关系词修饰表示地点的先行词“Educator,PnamaorMexico”，后面的非限定性定语从句中不缺主要成分，因此关系词在从句中充当状语，只有C选项where符合要求。句意：一项新数据表明，希望延长养老金的退休人员可能会考虑在厄瓜多尔、巴拿马或墨西哥度过他们的黄金岁月，因为那里的生活成本较低，而且天气温暖。

16.单选题

Theillegalimmigrantswerecaughtand（

）bythelocalgovernment.

问题1选项

A.relegated

B.banished

C.deported

D.expatriated

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。relegate“降级”；banish“放逐，驱逐”；deport“驱逐出境，放逐”；expatriate“流放，官方法令强迫离开某国或某地”。句意：这些非法移民被抓了，并且被当地政府驱逐出境。此句指的是驱逐出境，故C项正确。

17.单选题

Ihaven’tgotthe（）ideaofwhatyoumean.Wouldyoupleasemakeitcleartome?

问题1选项

A.lightest

B.furthest

C.smallest

D.faintest

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。lightest最轻的，最亮的；furthest最远的，最大程度的；smallest最小的；faintest一点也不的，极小的。由下文“你能说清楚一些吗？”可推知前面“我没有弄懂你说的意思”，故D项正确。

18.单选题

Foreverysocialsituation,thereisa______timethatyoucanholdaperson’sgazewithoutbeingintimate,rude,oraggressive.

问题1选项

A.pompous

B.permissible

C.adoptive

D.complacent

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项pompous“自大的，浮夸的，华而不实的”，B项permissible“可允许的，获得准许的”，C项adoptive“采用的，有收养关系的”，D项complacent“自满的，得意的，满足的”。由修饰time的定语从句thatyoucanholdaperson’sgazewithoutbeingintimate,rude,oraggressive“你可以凝视一个人，而不显得亲密、粗鲁或咄咄逼人”可知，“可允许的”符合句意。句意：对于任何一种社交场合，都有一个允许的时间，你可以在不显得亲密、粗鲁或咄咄逼人的情况下凝视对方。因此，该题选择B项正确。

19.单选题

Newtechnologyismakingthetraditionalfarmingmachineryandmethods（）.

问题1选项

A.efficient

B.emergent

C.obsolete

D.nostalgic

【答案】C

【解析】形容词词义辨析。efficient“有效率的”；emergent“紧急的”；obsolete“过时的”；nostalgic“怀旧的”。句意：新的科技使传统的农业机械和方法渐渐过时了。选项C符合题意。

20.单选题

Questions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

问题1选项

A.Ithelpsemployeestoreducetheirstress.

B.Itpreventsemployeesfromfeelingbored.

C.Itstrengthensharmonyamongemployees.

D.Ithelpsemployeestoviewthingspositively.

问题2选项

A.Weekendsareconducivetoreducingstress.

B.Humorisvitaltointerpersonalrelationships.

C.Allworkersexperiencesomeemotionalstress.

D.Humorcanhelpworkersexcelatroutinetasks.11.

问题3选项

A.Smashthetoystoreleasetheirbottled-upresentments.

B.Takethebossdollapartaslongastheyreassembleit.

C.Designandinstallstress-reducinggadgets.

D.Strikeatthebossdollashardastheylike.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:B

【解析】PassageOne

“Toomanypeopleviewtheirjobsasafive-dayprisonwhichtheyareparoledeveryFriday,”saysJoelGoodman,founderoftheHumorProject,ahumorconsultinggroupinSaratogaSprings,NewYork.Humorunlockstheofficeprisonbecauseitletsadultsbringsomeoftheirchildlikespirittothejob.

AccordingtoHowardPollio,professorofpsychologyattheUniversityofTennessee,Knoxville,anofficewithhumorbreaksisanofficewithsatisfiedandproductiveemployees.[10]Pollioconductedastudythatprovedhumorcanhelpworkersexcelatroutineproductiontasks.Employeesperformbetterwhentheyhavefun.Inlargecorporationswithahierarchyofpower,thereisoftennooutletforstress.“Everycompanyneedsundergroundwaysofpokingfunattheorganization,”saysLynnM.Mark,aspeakeronworkplacehumorforSaintMary’sHealthCenterinSaintLouis.

Kodak’sRochester,NewYorkbranchdiscoveredawayforits20,000employeestouncorktheirbottled-upresentments.[9]Their1,000-square-foothumorroomfeaturesatoystore.Amongtheroom’smanystress-reducinggadgets,themainattractionisabossdollwithdetachablearmsandlegs.[11]Employeescantakethedollapartaslongastheyputitsarmsandlegsbackinplace.

SandyCohen,ownerofagraphicprintproductionbusiness,createdthequoteboardtodocumentthebizarrep