考研考博-英语-哈尔滨师范大学考试押题三合一+答案详解3

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-哈尔滨师范大学考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Thefirstsentenceinthisparagraphis（

）;itcanbeinterpretedinmanyways.

问题1选项

A.intricate

B.ambiguous

C.duplicated

D.confused

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这段话的第一句很模糊，可以被理解成很多种意思。Intricate“复杂的”；ambiguous“模糊不清的”；duplicated“复制的”；confused“困惑的”。根据句意，选项B符合题意。

2.单选题

问题1选项

A.Managementofcancerpatients.

B.Reliefoftheworriesofcaregivers.

C.Emotionalstrugglewhilecaregiving.

D.Emotionalsupportforcancerpatients.

【答案】C

【解析】15.M:DoctorWhite.I’vebeenacancerpatientandacaregiver,toa,cancerpatient.Iknowkayakingwashard.Whatwasgoingonemotionally?Thatseemedsohard.

W:Whenyou’recaregiving,you’reundergoingchronicstress.You’reworryingaboutyourlovedone.

Q:Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?

【试题答案】C

【试题解析】事实细节题。题干为：这两个人在讨论什么？由文中“Whenyou’recaregiving,you’reundergoingchronicstress.You’reworryingaboutyourlovedone.（当你做护理时，你承受着长期的压力。你在为你在乎的人担心）”，可知C选项“Emotionalstrugglewhilecaregiving（护理过程中的情感斗争）”符合原文。A选项“癌症患者的管理”；B选项“减轻照顾者的忧虑”；D选项“对患者的情感支持”不符合原文。

3.单选题

Youarethe（）personIwanttosee.Whydidyoucometoseeme?

问题1选项

A.very

B.fine

C.last

D.suitable

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项very“恰好的；十足的；唯独的；真正的”；B选项fine“好的；健康的；晴朗的”；C选项last“最后的；最终的；最不可能的”；D选项suitable“适当的；相配的”。句意：你就是我……要见的人。你为什么来看我？由后面的问句可看出说话者并不想见此人，四个选项中只有last表示“最不……的”之意，因此C选项正确。

4.单选题

To____forhisunpleasantexperienceshedrankalittlemorethanwasgoodforhim.

问题1选项

A.commence

B.compromise

C.compensate

D.compliment

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配与上下文语义。A选项commence“开始，着手”；B选项compromise“妥协，和解”；C选项compensate“补偿，弥补”；D选项compliment“恭维，称赞”。句意：为了____他不愉快的经历，他喝多了一点。根据句意，C选项compensate较符合，空格后的介词for提示我们，空格处应填compensate，构成短语compensatefor，其他选项均不跟介词for搭配。因此，本题最佳选项为C。

5.单选题

Doctorsmustinform______parentsaboutthelowoddsofsuccessinfertilitytreatments.

问题1选项

A.protective

B.respective

C.prospective

D.perspective

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项protective“防护的；关切保护的；保护贸易的”；B选项respective“分别的，各自的”；C选项prospective“未来的；预期的”；D选项perspective“透视的”。句意：医生必须告知准父母生育治疗成功的几率很低。因此C选项正确。

6.问答题

Humanbeingsaresocial(A)animalswhousuallyprefernotliving(B)in(C)physicalorpsychologicalisolation(D).

【答案】试题答案：B;tolive

【解析】考查固定搭配。prefertodosth.意为“更喜欢做某事”。

7.单选题

Ifthework-forcerespectedyou,youwouldn’tneedto（）yourauthoritysooften.

问题1选项

A.affirm

B.restrain

C.assert

D.maintain

【答案】C

【解析】本题考查动词辨析题。affirm“断言；肯定”；restrain“抑制”；assert“声称；坚持；维护”；maintain“保持”，根据respected“尊重”可知此处对应的是“维护权威”，表示维护权威或者捍卫权威是要用动词assert，故正确答案为选项C。句意为：如果工人们尊重你，你就不需要总是维护你的权威。

8.单选题

Heis______abouthischancesofwinningagoldmedalintheOlympics.

问题1选项

A.optimistic

B.optional

C.outstanding

D.obvious

【答案】A

【解析】【试题解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项optimistic“乐观的”；B选项optional“可选择的”；C选项outstanding“优秀的；重要的”；D选项obvious“明显的”。句意：他对自己在奥运会上赢得金牌的机率持______态度。根据语境，这里指的是对能否赢得金牌的预测，A选项optimistic“乐观的”符合题意。因此A选项正确。

9.单选题

Herinterestinredecoratingthebighousekepther（）forawholeweek.

问题1选项

A.constrained

B.dominated

C.restricted

D.occupied

【答案】D

【解析】句意:她热衷于重新装饰这大房子，为此她整整忙活了一周。

考查形容词辨析。constrained限制的，制约的;dominate（动词）主宰，主导，keepsb.dominated表示使…居于领先地位;restricted局限的，限制的；occupied有人使用(或居住)，被占领的，被侵占的，keepsb.occupied表示使某人忙于做某事。因此D符合句意。

10.单选题

Thebusinessorganizationhas（）about5milliondollarsforcancerresearchinthepasttwoyears.

问题1选项

A.invested

B.allocated

C.cost

D.forged

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析题。invested投资；allocated分配、拨出；forged伪造。句意：这个商业组织在过去两年中为癌症研究投入了大约500万美元。选项A符合句意。

11.单选题

Itisanticipatedthatthiscontractwillsubstantiallyincreasesalesoverthenextthreeyears.

问题1选项

A.apparently

B.slightly

C.considerably

D.steadily

【答案】C

【解析】考查副词辨析。substantially“实质上；充分地；大幅地”；A选项apparently“显然地；似乎，表面上”；B选项slightly“些微地，轻微地”；C选项considerably“相当多地；非常地”；D选项steadily“稳定地；稳固地”。句意：预计该合同将在未来三年内大幅增加销售额。根据句中“increasesales增加销售额”可知substantially在这里的意思为“大幅地”，因此C选项相当多地正确。

12.单选题

Togovernistochoosehowtherevenueraisedfromtaxesisspent.Sofarsogood,orbad.Butsomepeopleearnmoremoneythanothers.Shouldtheypayproportionatelymoremoneytothegovernmentthanthosewhoearnless?Andiftheydopaymoremoneyaretheyentitledtomoreservicesthanthosewhopaylessorthosewhopaynothingatall?Andshouldthosewhopaynothingatallbecausetheyhavenothinggetanything?Thesemattersareofirritableconcerntoourrulers,andofsomepoignancytotherest.

AlthoughtheequalityofeachcitizenbeforethelawistherockuponwhichtheAmeri-canConstitutionrests,economicequalityhasneverbeenanAmericanideal.Infact,itistheoneunmentionablesubjectinourpolitics,asthesenatorfromSouthDakotarecentlydiscoveredwhenhecameupwithafewquasi-egalitariantaxreforms.ThefuriousandenduringterrorofCommunisminAmericaisnotentirelytheworkofthoseearlycoldwarriorsTrumanandAcheson.Adislikeofeconomicequalityissomethingdeep-grainedintheAmericanProtestantcharacter.Afterall,givenarichemptycontinentforvigorousEuropeanstoexploit,anymanofgumptioncouldmakehimselfagoodliving.Withextrahardwork,anymancouldmakehimselfafortune,provingthathewasabettermanthantherest.LongbeforeDarwintheAmericanethoswasDarwinian.

ThevisionoftherichemptycontinentisstillapartoftheAmericanunconsciousinspiteoftheGreatCrowdinganditsattendantmiseries;andthislingeringbeliefthatintheheavenanymancanmakeforhimselfthroughhardworkandcleanlivingisakeytothemajority’sprevailingandapparentlyunalterablehatredofthepoor,keptoutofsightathome,outofmindabroad.

Yettherehasbeen,fromthebeginning,asignificantdivisioninourrulingclass.TheearlyThomasJeffersonhadadream:asocietyofhonestveomen,engagedinagriculturalpursuits,withoutlargecities,heavyindustry,banks,militarypretensions.Theearly(andthelate)AlexanderHamiltonwantedindustry,bankscitiesandamilitaryforcecapableofmakingitselffeltinworldpolitics.Itisaniceironythatsomanyoftoday’slaissez-faireconservativesthinkthattheydescendfromHamilton,theproponentofastrongfederalgovernment,andthatsomanyliberalsbelievethemselvestobetheheirsoftheearlyJefferson,whowantedlittlemorethanapoliceforceandajudiciary.Alwayspractical,Jeffersonknewthatcertainmenwouldrisethroughtheirowngoodeffortswhile,sadly,otherswouldfall.GovernmentwoulddonomorethanobservethisDarwinianspectaclebenignly,andprovidenosuccor.

In1800theHamitonianviewwasrejectedbythepeopleandtheirnewPresidentThomasJefferson.Fouryearslater,theHamiltonianviewhadprevailedandwasendorsedbythereelectedJefferson.Between1800and1805Jeffersonhadseentoitthatanempireinpossehadbecomeanempireinesse.ThedifferencebetweenJeffersonIandJeffersonIIisreflectedinthetwoinauguraladdresses.

ItissignificantthatnothingmoreelevatedthangreedchangedtheDr.JekyllofJeffersonIintotheMr.HydeofJeffersonII.Likehislessthoughtfulcountrymen,Jeffersoncouldnotresistadeal.SubvertingtheConstitutionhehadhelpedcreate,JeffersonboughtLouisianafromNapoleon,acquiringitscitizenswithouttheirconsents.TheauthoroftheDeclarationofIndependencewasquiteabletoforgettheunalienablerightsofanyonewhosepropertyhethoughtshouldbejoinedtoourempire—awordwhichcropsupfrequentlyandunselfconsciouslyinhiscorrespondence.

Inthecourseofland-grabbing,JeffersonIImanagedtogethimselfintohotwaterwithFrance,England,andSpainsimultaneously，afairlyastonishingthingtodoconsideringthestateofpoliticsinNapoleonicEurope.

1.TheauthorbelievesthatAmericans

（

）.

2.Fromthepassage,wemayassumethatthesenatorfromSouthDakota

（

）.

3.Jeffersonmadeitpossiblefor

（

）.

4.Jefferson’searlypoliticalwritingsespousedwhatwouldtodaybecalled

（

）.

5.TheauthorholdsthatJefferson’spurchaseoftheLouisianaterritories（

）.

问题1选项

A.stillbelieveAmericatobelargelyunpopulated

B.largelybelieveinlowertaxation

C.areinfavoroftaxationwithoutrepresentation

D.shouldreconsidertheLouisianapurchase

问题2选项

A.opposedtaxreform

B.wasThomasJefferson

C.failedinhisattempttoreformtaxlaw

D.wasAlexanderHamilton

问题3选项

A.apotentialempiretobecomearealone

B.taxlawstoreflectthewillofthepeople

C.France,England,andSpaintosimultaneouslyvacillateupontheirmutualfeelingstowardstheUnitedStates.

D.Darwiniansocialtheoriestobeacceptedwithoutquestion

问题4选项

A.collectivism

B.libertarianism

C.socialism

D.liberalism

问题5选项

A.maybeseenasahypocriticalact

B.rigorouslyheldwithhispreviousviewsofinalienablerights

C.cannotbeseenasanactofempire-expansion

D.wasanactmeanttolowertaxesandimprovethewealthofthenation

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:1.观点态度题。文章第三段中提到“ThevisionoftherichemptycontinentisstillapartoftheAmericanunconsciousinspiteoftheGreatCrowdinganditsattendantmiseries”，说明在美国人无意识的想象中，他们所处的大陆依然是富饶而空无的。因此A选项“仍然相信美国大部分地区无人居住”符合题意。

第2题:2.事实细节题。由题干关键词定位到文章第二段，文中提到“…economicequalityhasneverbeenanAmericanideal.Infact,itistheoneunmentionablesubjectinourpolitics,asthesenatorfromSouthDakotarecentlydiscoveredwhenhecameupwithafewquasi-egalitariantaxreforms.”由此可知，美国人的理想中从未包括经济平等，这是政治上一个难以启齿的话题，而这些是这个参议员在他提出几项类似平等的税收改革时发现的。由此可以推断，参议员的税收改革失败了，C选项符合题意。

第3题:3.事实细节题。由题干关键词定位到文章第五段，文中提到“Between1800and1805Jeffersonhadseentoitthatanempireinpossehadbecomeanempireinesse”，杰斐逊注意到，一个潜在的帝国已经成为一个真正的帝国。A选项符合题意。

第4题:4.判断推理题。文章第六段中提到“TheauthoroftheDeclarationofIndependencewasquiteabletoforgettheunalienablerightsofanyonewhosepropertyhethoughtshouldbejoinedtoourempire—awordwhichcropsupfrequentlyandunselfconsciouslyinhiscorrespondence.”《独立宣言》的作者杰斐逊完全忘记了公民的不可剥夺的权利，在著作《独立宣言》时却把这一点放在最重要的地位，那就是liberalism“自由主义”。因此D选项符合题意。

第5题:5.观点态度题。由题干定位到文章第六段，“SubvertingtheConstitutionhehadhelpedcreate,JeffersonboughtLouisianafromNapoleon,acquiringitscitizenswithouttheirconsents.TheauthoroftheDeclarationofIndependencewasquiteabletoforgettheunalienablerightsofanyonewhosepropertyhethoughtshouldbejoinedtoourempire—awordwhichcropsupfrequentlyandunselfconsciouslyinhiscorrespondence”，杰斐逊推翻了他帮助制定的宪法，从拿破仑那买下了路易斯安那州，忘记了公民不可剥夺的权利······。作者认为这“被看作一种伪善的行为”，A选项符合题意。

13.单选题

Psychologistshaveknownforalongtimethateconomistsarewrong.Mosteconomists—atleast,thoseoftheclassicalpersuasion—believethatanyfinancialgain,howeversmall,isworthhaving.Butpsychologistsknowthisisnottrue.Theyknowbecauseoftheultimatumgame,theoutcomeofwhichisoftentherejectionoffreemoney.

Inthisgame,oneplayerdividesapotofmoneybetweenhimselfandanother.Theotherthenchooseswhethertoaccepttheoffer.Ifherejectsit,neitherplayerbenefits.Anddespitetheinstinctsofclassicaleconomics,astingy(小气的)offer(onethatislessthanaboutaquarterofthetotal)is,indeed,usuallyrejected.Thequestionis,why?

Oneexplanationoftherejectioniststrategyisthathumanpsychologyisadaptedforrepeatedinteractionsratherthanone-offtrades.Inthiscase,takingatough,ifself-sacrificial,lineatthebeginningpaysdividendsinfutureroundsofthegame.Rejectingastingyofferinaone-offgameisthusjustasinglemoveinalargerstrategy.Andindeed,whenone-offultimatumgamesareplayedbytrainedeconomists,whoknowallthis,theydotendtoacceptstingyoffersmoreoftenthanotherpeoplewould.Buteventheyhavetheirlimits.Tothrowsomelightonwhythoselimitsexist,TerenceBurnhamofHarvardUniversityrecentlygatheredagroupofstudentsofmicroeconomicsandaskedthemtoplaytheultimatumgame.Allofthestudentsherecruitedweremen.

Dr.Burnham’sresearchbudgetrantoabunchof$40games.Whentherearemanyroundsintheultimatumgame,playerslearntosplitthemoneymoreorlessequally.ButDr.Burnhamwasinterestedinagameofonlyoneround.Inthisgame,whichtheplayersknewinadvancewasfinalandcouldthusnotaffectfutureoutcomes,proposerscouldchooseonlybetweenofferingtheotherplayer$25(i.e.morethanhalfthetotal)or$5.Responderscouldacceptorrejecttheofferasusual.Thoseresultsrecorded,Dr.Burnhamtooksaliva(唾液)samplesfromallthestudentsandcomparedthetestosteronelevelsassessedfromthosesampleswithdecisionsmadeintheone-roundgame.

AshedescribesintheProceedingsoftheRoyalSociety,theresponderswhorejectedalowfinalofferhadanaveragetestosteronelevelmorethan50%higherthantheaverageofthosewhoaccepted.Fiveofthesevenmenwiththehighesttestosteronelevelsinthestudyrejecteda$5ultimateofferbutonlyoneofthe19othersmadethesamedecision.

WhatDr.Burnham’sresultsupportsisamuchdeeperrejectionofthetenetsofclassicaleconomicsthanonebasedonaslightmis-evolutionofnegotiatingskills.Itbackstheideathatwhatpeoplereallystriveforisrelativeratherthanabsoluteprosperity.Theywouldratheracceptlessthemselvesthanseearivalgetahead.Thatislikelytobeparticularlytrueinindividualswithhightestosteronelevels,sincethathormoneiscorrelatedwithsocialdominanceinmanyspecies.

Economistsoftenrefertothissortofbehaviorasirrational.Infact,itisnot.Itissimply,asitwere,differentlyrational.Thethingsthatmoneycanbuyaremerelymeanstoanend—socialstatus—thatbringsdesirablereproductiveopportunities.Ifanotherroutebringsthatstatusmoredirectly,moneyisirrelevant.

1.Accordingtothepassage,psychologistsaredifferentfromeconomistsinthat______.

2.Inthethirdparagraph,thesentence“Inthiscase,takingatough,ifself-sacrificial,lineatthebeginningpaysdividendsinfutureroundsofthegame.”meansthat______.

3.TheresultofDr.Burnham’sstudyintheone-roundgameplayersshowsthat______.

4.ThepointDr.Burnhamhasconcludedfromhisstudyisthat______.

5.WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEofthebehaviorofrejectingalowoffermentionedinthepassage?

问题1选项

A.theythinkanyfinancialgainisworthlessifitcouldnotguaranteetheultimatumgame

B.theyunderstandhoweconomistsarewrongbyprovingtrivialfinancialgaincouldbeignored

C.theybelievethatitisnecessarytorejectsometrivialgainstogetbiggerones

D.theyhaveknownforalongtimethatfromtheperspectiveofpsychology,financialgainsarenotworthpursuing

问题2选项

A.takinganuncompromisingattitudeatthebeginningwilllosemoreinthefutureroundsofthegame

B.peoplewhoarenotsocalculatingatthebeginningwillgetgoodreturnsintheend

C.peoplewhoareselflesswillgetmoreintheend

D.takingatoughlineatthebeginningwillpaymorecostinthefuturegame

问题3选项

A.menwithhightestosteronelevelsareusuallymoremotivatedtorejectbythelowoffer

B.thefacttestosteroneiscloselyconnectedwithsocialdominanceprovespeoplecouldhardlyseearivalgoahead

C.menwithhightestosteronearemorelikelytorejectthetenetsofclassicaleconomics

D.menwithhightestosteronepaymoreattentiontotherelativegains

问题4选项

A.moneyisirrelevantwhenpeopleseekforreproductiveopportunities

B.peopleprefernon-financialwaystofulfilltheirpurposeofgainingsocialstatus

C.whatpeoplereallystriveforisrelativeratherthanabsoluteprosperity

D.thedefinitionofrationalityisdifferentbetweenthefieldsofeconomicsandpsychology

问题5选项

A.Thiskindofbehaviorisirrationalasmatteroffact.

B.Thiskindofbehaviorpaysmoreattentiontothesocialstatusratherthanmoney.

C.Thiskindofbehaviorcouldbringdesirablereproductiveopportunities.

D.Thiskindofbehaviorisrationalfromalongview.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段第二、三句Mosteconomists—atleast,thoseoftheclassicalpersuasion—believethatanyfinancialgain,howeversmall,isworthhaving.Butpsychologistsknowthisisnottrue.（大多数经济学家——至少是那些持传统观点的经济学家——相信任何经济收益，无论多么小，都值得拥有。但心理学家知道这不是真的。），说明心理学家和经济学家的分歧在于心理学家看到的是最终的结果，而经济学家注重的是切实的利润，心理学家认为并不是所有的小利益都要去追求，可以舍小取大。因此C选项“他们认为有必要拒绝一些小收益以获得更大的收益”正确。A选项“他们认为任何经济利润如果不能保证最后获胜就是没有用的”，原文没有说不能保证最后获胜的经济利润是没用的，所以A错误。B选项“通过证明小的经济利润可以被忽略，他们认为经济学家们是错误的”，小的经济利润可以被忽略这一点没有被证明，所以B错误。D选项“他们知道长久以来，从心理学的角度来看，经济利润是不值得去追求的”，由原文可知，不值得追求的是小收益，而不是经济利润，所以D错误。

2.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第三段第二、三句Inthiscase,takingatough,ifself-sacrificial,lineatthebeginningpaysdividendsinfutureroundsofthegame.Rejectingastingyofferinaone-offgameisthusjustasinglemoveinalargerstrategy.（在这种情况下，在一开始采取如果是自我牺牲的强硬的路线会在未来的游戏中获得好处。因此，在一次性游戏中，拒绝吝啬的报价只是大战略中的一步棋。），说明如果拒绝吝啬的出价会是更大策略中的一步，也就是说一开始不要贪得所有的大小利益，而是要有长远的眼光，这样才能取得更大的收益。因此D选项“一开始就采取强硬态度的人在未来的游戏中会付出更多的代价”正确。A选项“从一开始就采取强硬的态度会在未来几轮的游戏中失去得更多”，B选项“那些从一开始就不是很计较的人最后可以获得好的收益”，C选项“无私的人最终会得到更多”在文中均没有提及，所以A,B,C错误。

3.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第五段第一句AshedescribesintheProceedingsoftheRoyalSociety,theresponderswhorejectedalowfinalofferhadanaveragetestosteronelevelmorethan50%higherthantheaverageofthosewhoaccepted.（正如他在《英国皇家学会学报》上所描述的那样，拒绝较低最终报价的应答者的睾丸激素水平比接受报价的应答者的平均水平高出50%以上。），说明睾丸激素水平较高的人更注重相对利润而不是眼前的利益。因此D选项“睾丸激素水平高的人更关注相对收益”正确。A选项“睾丸激素高的人更加有拒绝低报酬的动机”，B选项“睾丸激素和社会优势有着密切的联系，这一事实证明了人们很难看到对手领先”，C选项“有较高睾丸激素的人更趋向于拒绝传统经济法则”在文中均没有提及，所以A,B,C错误。

4.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第六段第一、二句WhatDr.Burnham’sresultsupportsisamuchdeeperrejectionofthetenetsofclassicaleconomicsthanonebasedonaslightmis-evolutionofnegotiatingskills.Itbackstheideathatwhatpeoplereallystriveforisrelativeratherthanabsoluteprosperity.（伯纳姆博士的结果所支持的，是对古典经济学原理的更深程度的拒绝，而不是基于谈判技巧的轻微错误进化。它支持了人们真正追求的是相对繁荣而不是绝对繁荣的观点。），说明伯纳姆博士最终支持的结论是更深的对传统经济原则的拒绝，人们真正追求的是相对的财富而不是绝对的财富。因此C选项“人们真正追求的是相对繁荣而不是绝对繁荣”正确。A选项“当人们寻求再生机会时，金钱就是无关紧要的了”，B选项“人们更倾向于用非金钱的方式来实现他们取得社会地位的目标”，原文说的是如果另外一条路可以更为直接地导致这种情形，金钱就是不相关的，所以A,B错误。D选项“经济学和心理学对于理性的定义是不一样的”，原文没有明确指出理性的定义在两个学科中是完全不同的，所以D错误。

5.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章最后一段Economistsoftenrefertothissortofbehaviorasirrational.Infact,itisnot.Itissimply,asitwere,differentlyrational.Thethingsthatmoneycanbuyaremerelymeanstoanend—socialstatus—thatbringsdesirablereproductiveopportunities.Ifanotherroutebringsthatstatusmoredirectly,moneyisirrelevant.（经济学家经常认为这种行动是不理智的。实际上这是理智的，只是不同的理智而已。金钱可以买到的只是达到某个目的的方法而已，如社会地位，达到目的便给人们带来他们想要的不断再生的机会。如果有另外一条路可以更为直接地达到目的，金钱就是不相关的。），说明经济学家认为这种行为是不理智的，而实际上是一种理智的行为，心理学家从更高更深的层面来看，金钱只是达到目的的一种手段，而为了达到一定的目的拒绝眼前小的利益是理智的行为。因此D选项“从长远来看，这种行为是理性的”正确。A选项“这种行为在事实上是不理性的”，B选项“这种行为更注重社会地位而不是金钱”，C选项“这种行为可以带来期望的再产出机会”均不符合题意，所以A,B,C错误。

14.填空题

Formostpeopletheseawasremote,andfortheexceptionofearlyintercontinentaltravelersorotherswhoearnedalivingfromthesea,therewaslittlereasontoaskmanyquestionsaboutit,letalonetoask

whatlaybeneaththesurface.

A

B

C

D

【答案】Afortheexceptionof改为withtheexceptionof

【解析】【考查点】固定搭配。

【解题思路】withtheexceptionof为固定搭配，意思为“除了……以外”，fortheexceptionof用法错误，因此A部分应为withtheexceptionof。

【句意】除了一些洲际旅行者和以大海为生的人，对于大多数人来说，大海远在天边，没有什么必要问太多关于大海的问题，更别说思考海底的东西了。

15.写作题

Youaretowriteacompositionofnolessthan250wordsanddoyourcompositionneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.Yourcompositionshouldbebasedonthefollowingtopic:

OnKnowledgeandAbility

【答案】OnKnowledgeandAbility16.单选题

Afterafewdays,exhaustion______andtheclimberswereforcedtogiveuptheirattempttoreachthetopofthemountain.

问题1选项

A.setoff

B.setin

C.setto

D.setout

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词组辨析。setoff“出发”；setin“开始，流行”；setto“开始认真干”；setout“开始，成列”。句意：几天后，疲惫渐渐袭来，爬山者被迫放弃爬到山顶的尝试。选项B符合题意。

17.单选题

Thesenationalparksareveryimportantforpreservingmanyanimals,whowould（）runtheriskofbecomingextinct.

问题1选项

A.instead

B.nevertheless

C.therefore

D.otherwise

【答案】D

【解析】考查副词辨析。A选项instead“代替；反而；相反”；B选项nevertheless“然而，不过”；C选项therefore“因此；所以”；D选项otherwise“否则；另外”。句意：这些国家公园对保护许多动物非常重要，否则这些动物将面临灭绝的危险。前后部分为转折关系，因此D项正确。

18.填空题

Directions:Thispartconsistsofashortpassage.Inthispassage,therearealtogether10mistakes,oneineachnumberedline.Youmayhavetochangeaword,addawordordeleteaword.Ifyouchangeaword,crossitoutandwritethecorrectwordinthecorrespondingbland.Ifyouaddaword,putoninsertionmark(∧)inthecorrectplaceandwritethemissingwordintheblank.Ifyoudeleteaword,crossitoutandbesuretoputaslash(/)intheblank.(10%)

Example:

When∧artmuseumwantsanewexhibit,

(1)an

itneverbuysthingsinfinishedformandhangs

(2)∕never

themonthewall.Whenanaturalhistorymuseum

wantsanexhibition,itmustoftenbuildit.

(3)exhibit

Thetwinsoccuraboutonceineighty-sevenhumanbirths.

Alittlemorethanonequarteroftheseisidenticaltwins,

36.______

whichdevelopsfromtheequaldivisionofafertilizedegg.

37.______

Identicaltwinsarealwaysthesamesexandhavethesame

bloodgroupandeyecolor.Ifonehasagiftofmusic,itis

38.______

notsurprisingifotherdoestoo.However,ifoneisleft-handed,

39.______

theothermayberight-handed.Ifthehairofonegrows

clockwisefromthecrown,theother’shairmaygrow

counterclockwise.Fraternaltwinsdevelopfromtwoseparate

eggsthatwerefertilizedatthesametime.Theycanbeof

40.______

differentsexesandoftenlooknomuchalikethanother

41.______

membersofthesamefamily.Themorebabiesperbirth,

thelessfrequentlysuchbirthsoccur.Tripletsoccurabout

onein7569births,butsextuplets—multiplebirthsoffive—

42.______

occuroneinaboutfivemillionbirths.Multiplebirths

arecommonamonglowanimals,butidenticaloffspring

43.______

israre,exceptforonespeciesofarmadillo.Thefemale

44.______

armadilloalwaysgivesbirthuptoquadruplets.

45.______

【答案】36.is→are

37.develops→develop

38.of→for

39.∧other→the

40.were→are

41.much→more

42.five→six

43.low→lower

44.is→are

45.up→∕

【解析】36.由主语onequarterofthese（四分之一的双胞胎）可知，此处是分数引导的短语做主语，其谓语动词的数需要根据分数后面的名词来决定，此处的these是复数，因此be动词要用复数are，故改is为are正确。

37.定语从句中的关系代词which指的是identicaltwins（同卵双胞胎），所以从句中的动词要用复数形式，故改develops为develop正确。

38.gift表示“天赋”，一般与for搭配，故把of改为for正确。

39.这一句是说“如果双胞胎的其中一个有音乐天赋，那么另外一个有音乐天赋并不奇怪”，表示两者中的其中一个要用theother，表示特指；other单独使用表示“其他的”，为形容词。故在other前面添加定冠词the正确。

40.这一句的意思是“异卵双胞胎是由两个受精卵同时发育而成的”，为客观陈述，应该用一般现在时，所以that定语从句中的were要改为are。

41.由than可知，nomorethan为固定用法，表示“不比……更”，故改much为more正确。

42.破折号的内容是解释sextuplets（六胞胎）一词，而破折号说的是multiplebirthsoffive（5个胎儿的多胞胎），这明显与sextuplets不符，故改five为six正确。

43.这一句是说“多胞胎在低等生物中很常见”，而low表示“低的”，低级生物要用loweranimal表示，所以改low为lower正确。

44.offspring是复数名词，be动词应该用are，故改is为are正确。

45.表示“生产”应该是givebirthto，这里的up是多余的，所以把up去掉正确。

19.单选题

Peterknewclearlythathewasnotstrongenoughtoreplacehisboss.Hereasoned,therefore,thathemust（

）histime.

问题1选项

A.hide

B.ride

C.slide

D.bide

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。hide意为“隐藏”；ride意为“乘，骑”；slide意为“滑落”；bide意为“等待，停留”。句意：Peter清楚地知道他不够强大，不足以取代他的老板。因此，他推断他必须等待时机。

20.单选题

Itmakesherveryangrywhenhesaysthatmenareintrinsically（）towomen.

问题1选项

A.meticulous

B.applicable

C.superior

D.inferior

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。meticulous“一丝不苟的，小心翼翼的”；applicable“可适用的，可应用的”；superior“优越，优秀”；inferior“差的；自卑的”。句意：当听到他说男人在本质上优于女人这个说法时，她很生气。选项C符合题意。

21.单选题

Asalawyer（

）forhisgoodjudgmentandeloquence,heisofteninvitedtothosegrandbanquetsandmeetsthosedistinguishedpeoplefromallcircles.

问题1选项

A.noticeable

B.notorious

C.nasty

D.notable

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项noticeable“显而易见的，明显的”；B选项notorious“臭名昭著的”；C选项nasty“令人厌恶的，肮脏的”；D选项notable“著名的，显著的，值得注意的”。由goodjudgmentandeloquence（良好的判断力和口才）可知空格处为一个褒义词，再根据句意可知选D。句意：作为一名以良好的判断力和口才著称的律师，他经常被邀请参加那些盛大的宴会，并结识来自各界的杰出人士。

22.单选题

Aterribletrafficaccidenthappened;peopleweresaddenedwhentheywatchedthe（）sightonTV.

问题1选项

A.panic

B.patriotic

C.pathetic

D.periodic

【答案】C

【解析】句意:一起惨不忍睹的交通事故发生了，当在电视上看到这个悲惨的场景时，人们是难过的。

考查形容词辨析。panic恐慌的，惊慌失措的；patriotic爱国的;pathetic可怜的，令人同情的，悲惨的；periodic周期的，定期的。根据前半句句意“一起惨不忍睹的交通事故发生了”可知C正确。

23.单选题

Undertheumbrellaoftheindependentspirit,millionsofimmigrantscametothiscountryseekingshelterfromintolerance,prejudice,and（

）.

问题1选项

A.persistence

B.permanence

C.perspective

D.persecution

【答案】D

【解析】考察名词辨析。persistence坚持；permanence持久；perspective远景，观点；persecution迫害；句意：在独立精神的庇护下，成千上万的移民来到这个国家。他们在这里寻求庇护，远离褊狭、偏见和迫害。选项D符合句意。

24.单选题

Ingeneral,oursocietyisbecomingoneofgiantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucraticmanagementinwhichmanbecomesasmall,well-oiledcoginthemachinery.Theoilingisdonewithhigherwages,well-ventilatedfactoriesandpipedmusic,andbypsychologistsand“human-relations”experts;yetallthisoilingdoesnotalterthefactthatmanhasbecomepowerless,thathedoesnotwholeheartedlyparticipateinhisworkandthatheisboredwithit.Infact,theblueandthewhite-collarworkershavebecomeeconomicpuppetswhodancetothetuneofautomatedmachinesandbureaucraticmanagement.

Theworkerandemployeeareanxious，notonlybecausetheymightfindthemselvesoutofajob;theyareanxiousalsobecausetheyareunabletoacquireanyrealsatisfactionorinterestinlife.Theyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.

Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.Theirlivesarenolessemptythanthoseoftheirsubordinates.Theyareevenmoreinsecureinsomerespects.Theyareinahighlycompetitiverace.Tobepromotedorfallbehindisnotamatterofsalarybutevenmoreamatterofself-respect.Whentheyapplyfortheirjob,theyaretestedforintelligenceaswellasforthetightmixtureofsubmissivenessandindependence.Fromthatmomentontheyaretestedagainandagainbythepsychologists,forwhom