考研考博-英语-厦门演艺职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-厦门演艺职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Intheir（）

thegroupsoldasmanyrecordsasalltheothergroupsinthecountryputtogether.

问题1选项

A.eulogy

B.heyday

C.summit

D.mundaneness

【答案】B

【解析】eulogy“颂词”；heyday“全盛期”；summit“顶点”；mundaneness“世俗，平凡”。句意：在他们的全盛时期，这个团队的销售量是本国其他所有团队的销售量总和。选项B符合题意。

2.单选题

Discontentwiththecostandsometimesimpersonaldeliveryofhealthcarehasfueled

A

B

growthinalternativemedicine,nowa$14billions-a-yearindustry.

C

D

问题1选项

A.sometimes

B.hasfueled

C.alternative

D.$14billions-a-year

【答案】B

【解析】考查主谓一致。主语为discontentwiththecost（对成本的不满）和impersonaldeliveryofhealthcare（非个人医疗服务的提供）表示的是两件不同的事，因此谓语动词用复数形式。

试题答案：B;havefueled

3.单选题

ForumfortheFuture,workingwithTescoandUnilever,reckonthatby2022whatwebuy,howwebuyitandwhofromwillhavechangedradically.Intheirreport,RetailFutures,theylookahead15yearstoseewhatliesinstoreforshoppersandtheretailgroups.Theyseenotonlyneworbiggerstorechains,moresprawlingretailparks,andmorepoultryproductsandpastasauces.Theirvisionsrangefrommulti-storeycarparksconvertedintocitycentreallotmentsor"verticalfarms"withproducemarketswheretheparkingpaymentboothsoncewere.toanationofstay-at-homeshopperswholettheirfingersdothewalkingtoorderinalmosteverythingtheyneedorlettheirrefrigeratorsdothetalking,withautomatic,direct-to-storereorderingandhomedeliveryeverytimeyoghurt,saladorbeerstocksrunlow.

ForumfortheFuture,asustainabledevelopmentcharityfoundedbyveteranenvironmentalistSirJonathonPorrittandwhichnowadvisesmorethan100organizationsinthepublicandprivatesector,saystherealityof2022isprobablysomewherebetweenthetwoextremes."Itwillbeamixture,"saidTomBerry,theForum'smainsustainabilityadviser.

Thehighstreetisvitaltotheeconomyandtheenvironment：nearlythreemillionpeopleworkinretailwhichgenerates6%ofUKGDP—and2.5%ofthecountry'scarbondioxideemissions.TheForumsaysstoresandretailgroupshave"adisproportionateinfluenceoversociety"asaresultofmarketingcampaignsanddailydealingswithconsumers.

TheForum'sresearchersidentifiedarangeoffactorswhichwillaffectwhatwebuy,howwebuyandwhowewillbuyfrominthenext15years.Theyinclude:climatechange,whichislikelytoaffectagriculturalproduction;higherorloweroilprices;newtechnology;advancesinenergyproduction;moreglobalizationanddemographicchangesthatwillmeanmoreimmigrantlaborandmoreelderlyandsinglepersonhouseholds.

Theycouldpromptnewshoppingformats,saystheForum,like"TescoSilver"outletswithcustomizedproductsforretiredbabyboomers.Theyalsoreckonthebellcouldbetollingforendlessaislesofutilityproductsliketoiletpaperandbinliners,whichmightonlybesoldonline,orfromautilitysectionatthebackofastore,alongsidevastvatsofliquidslikefabricconditioner,whereshopperscouldfillreusablecontainers.Thelongqueueatthecheckoutcouldalsobehistorywhenbarcodesarereadforpricesimmediatelyanitemisdroppedintoatrolley.

Theonlinerevolution,saystheForum,hasonlyjuststarted:"Wecananticipateinnovationssuchasenteringyourpostcodeforhyper-localsourcing."Consumers,however,mightalsousetheinternettocutoutthemiddlemanandsourcedirectfromfarmsandmanufacturers,soposingathreattomajorretailers".

TheexplosioninthenumberofTVchannelsandtheriseoftheinternettodownloadentertainmentmeansstorechainswillhavetoworkfarhardertobuild,andkeep,consumers'trust.Oneretailertoldtheresearchers:"Wewon'tbeabletorelyonhittingmillionsofpeopleat7:45p.m.onaWednesdaynightwithaCoronationStreetadvertisingslot."

TheForumcameupwithfourdifferentvisionsofthefuturedependingonhighorloweconomicgrowthandchangingconsumeroutlooks;whethershopperswantmoreconvenienceortodomoreforthemselves;perhapsbuyingmorelocallysourcedproductswithmoreinformationaboutwhattheirfamiliesareeatingandwearing.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

2.WhichofthefollowingbehaviorshasbeencarriedoutbyForumfortheFutureaccordingtothepassage?

3.Accordingtothereport,theshoppingscenarioforshoppersandretailersin15yearstimewillincludethefollowings,except（）

.

4.Whichofthefollowingaspectshasinfluenceonpeople'sshoppingbehaviorsaccordingtotheresearchers?

5.WhentheForumadvancesfourkindsoffutureconsumption,theconditionnottakenintoconsiderationis（）.

问题1选项

A.Thebigretailersandexpertshaveforecastanindividualistic,optimisticsocietywheretechnologyisheldinveryhighregards.

B.Thebigretailersandexpertshavegazedintothefutureandseenanewworldofshopping.

C.Thebigretailersandexpertshaverecognizedthattheeconomyisbuoyantandbigbusinesswillmetshoppers'demands.

D.Thebigretailersandexpertshavepredictedthatconsumerconfidencewillbelowandpeoplerelyonbigbusinessforsecurity.

问题2选项

A.Itprovidesmethodsforconsumerstomeasuretheirenergyuseandcarbonemission.

B.Itpromotescampaignsforthebigretailerstobuildupconsumerconfidence.

C.Itprovidescounselsforsomepublicandprivateorganizations.

D.Itpredictsthatthebigretailerswouldbecomemorepowerfulin2022.

问题3选项

A.verticalfarms

B.ordersfromhomerefrigerators

C.homedelivery

D.fingersdoingthewalking

问题4选项

A.Thechangesofthepopulation.

B.Theemissionofthecountry'scarbondioxide.

C.Theemergingofthebabyboomers.

D.Therearrangementatthebackofthestores.

问题5选项

A.smartpackageproducts

B.purchasingmorelocalproducts

C.economicgrowth

D.consumersperspectives

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:1.结合文章内容可知,本文主要通过未来论坛来讲述零售商和专家对未来商品销售的展望和未来购物的全新方式。所以,选项B正确。

2.根据第二段的第一句"...whichnowadvisesmorethan100organizationsinthepublicandprivatesector,""未来论坛"是由资深环保人士JonathonPorritt爵士创立的一个可持续发展的慈善机构,目前为100多个公共和私营部门的组织提供咨询服务。选项C符合原文。

3.根据第一段后半部分的内容可知,消费者和零售商在未来15年的购物情景包括在家购物,家用冰箱直接下单以及送货上门。只有选项A"垂直农场"不是未来的趋势,而是现在已经存在的。

4.根据第四段的内容可知,在未来的15年影响人们的购物行为的因素包括气候的变化,石油价格,新科技,能源的生产与发展,全球化的加大和人口变化。四个选项中只有选项A正确。

5.根据最后一段的内容可知,论坛提出了四种不同的未来愿景,这些愿景取决于经济增长的快慢和消费者观念的变化;消费者是想要更多的便利,还是想为自己做更多的事;又或者是购买更多适合家人饮食习惯的当地特产。只有选项A没有提及,所以本题选A。

第2题:

第3题:

第4题:

第5题:

4.单选题

Traditionally,thestudyofhistoryhashadfixedboundariesandfocalpointsperiodscountries,dramaticevents,andgreatleaders.Italsohashadclearandfirmnotionsofscholarlyprocedure:howoneinquiresintoahistoricalproblem,howonepresentsanddocumentsone'sfindings,whatconstitutesadmissibleandadequateproof.

Anyonewhohasfollowedrecenthistoricalliteraturecantestifytotherevolutionthatistakingplaceinhistoricalstudies.Thecurrentlyfashionablesubjectscomedirectlyfromthesociologycatalogchildhood,work,leisure.Thenewsubjectsareaccompaniedbynewmethods.Wherehistoryoncewasprimarilynarrative,itisnowentirelyanalytiC.Theoldquestions"Whathappened?”and“Howdidithappen?havegivenwaytothequestion“Whydidithappen?”,ProminentamongthemethodsusedtoanswerthequestionWhy"ispsychoanalysis,anditsusehasgivenrisetopsychohistory.

Psychohistoiydoesnotmerelyusepsychologicalexplanationsinhistoricalcontexts.Historianshavealwaysusedsuchexplanationswhentheywereappropriateandwhentherewassufficientevidenceforthem.ButthispragmaticuseofpsychologyisnotwhatpsychohistoriansintenD."Theyarecommitted,notjusttopsychologyingeneral,buttoFreudianpsychoanalysis.ThiscommitmentprecludesacommitmenttohistoryashistorianshavealwaysunderstooditPsychohistoryderivesitsfacts"notfromhistory,thedetailedrecordsofeventsandtheirconsequences,butfrompsychoanalysisoftheindividualswhomadehistoiy,anddeducesitstheoriesnotfromthisorthatinstanceintheirlives,butfromaviewofhumannaturethattranscendshistory.Itdeniesthebasiccriterionofhistoricalevidence:thatevidencebepubliclyaccessibleto.andthereforeassessablebyallhistorians.Anditviolatesthebasictenetohistoricalmethod:thathistoriansbealerttothenegativeinstancesthatwouldrefutetheirthesesPsychohistories,convincedoftheabsoluterightnessoftheirowntheories,arealsoconvincedthattheirsisthe"deepest"explanationofanyevent,thatotherexplanationsfallshortofthetruth.

Psychohistoryisnotcontenttoviolatethedisciplineofhistory(inthesenseofthepropermodeofstudyingandwritingaboutthepast);italsoviolatesthepastitself.Itdeniestothepastanintegrityandwillofitsown,inwhichpeopleactedoutofavarietyofmotivesandinwhicheventshadamultiplicityofcausesandeffects.Itimposesuponthepastthesamedeterminesinthatitimposesuponthepresent,thusrobbingpeopleandeventsoftheirindividualityandoftheircomplexity.Insteadofrespectingtheparticularityofthepast,itassimilatesallevents,pastandpresent,intoasingledeterministicschemathatispresumedtobetrueatalltimesandcircumstances.

1.Whichofthefollowingbeststatesthemainpointofthepassage?

2.Thepassagesuppliesinformationforansweringwhichofthefollowingquestions?

3.Theauthormentionswhichofthefollowingasacharacteristicofthepracticeofpsychohistorians?

4.Theauthorofthepassageputstheword"deepest"(ParA.3)inquotationmarksmostprobablyinorderto（）.

5.Inpresentingheranalysis,theauthordoesallofthefollowingEXCEPT（）.

问题1选项

A.Theapproachofpsychohistorianstohistoricalstudyiscurrentlyinvogueeventhoughittackstherigorandverifiabilityoftraditionalhistoricalmethod

B.Traditionalhistorianscanbenefitfromstudyingthetechniquesandfindingsofpsychohistorians

C.Areasofsociologicalstudysuchaschildhoodandworkareoflittleinteresttotraditionalhistorians.

D.Thepsychologicalassessmentofanindividual'sbehaviorandattitudesismorenormativethanthedetailsofhisorherdailylife

问题2选项

A.Whataresomespecificexamplesoftheuseofpsychohistoryinhistoricalinterpretation?

B.Whenweretheconventionsgoverningthepracticeoftraditionalhistoiyfirstestablished?

C.Whendotraditionalhistoriansconsiderpsychologicalexplanationsofhistoricalexplanationsofhistoricaldevelopmentsappropriate?

D.Whatisthebasiccriterionofhistoricalevidencerequiredbytraditionalhistorians?

问题3选项

A.Thelivesofhistoricalfiguresarepresentedinepisodicratherthinnarrativeform

B.Archivesusedbypsychohistorianstogathermaterialarenotaccessibletootherscholars

C.Pastandcurrenteventsareallplacedwithinthesamedeterministicdiagram.

D.Eventsintheadultlifeofahistoricalfigureareseentobemoreconsequentialthanarethoseinthechildhoodofthefigure

问题4选项

A.signalherreservationsabouttheaccuracyofpsychohistoriars'claimsfortheirwork

B.drawattentiontoacontradictioninthepsychohistoriansmethod

C.emphasizethemajordifferencebetweenthetraditionalhistorians'methodandthatofhistorians

D.disassociateheropinionofthepsychohistorians'claimsfromheropinionoftheirmethod

问题5选项

A.Makegeneralstatementswithoutreferencetospecificexamples

B.Describesomeofthecriteriaemployedbytraditionalhistorians

C.Questiontheadequacyofthepsycholistorians'interpretationofevents

D.Pointoutinconsistenciesinthepsychohistorians’applicationoftheirmethods

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】1.主旨大意题。通读全文分析可见，本题的正确选项应该是包含“psychohistory”和“history”概念的选项，A项翻译为：“心理学史家对历史研究的态度，尽管它突破了传统史学方法的严密性和可验证性，但目前仍在流行”。综合考虑，该选项符合题意，正确。

2.推理判断题。根据题干可定位到原文第三段“Itdeniesthebasiccriterionofhistoricalevidence:thatevidencebepubliclyaccessibleto,andthereforeassessablebyallhistorians.”，中文翻译为：“它（即心理、历史学）否定历史证据的基本标准，即历史证据是大家都可以获取的，因此可被所有的历史学家评价”可推断出D项“传统历史学家需要的历史证据的标准是什么”正确。

3.推理判断题。根据题干中关键短语“psychohistorians”可以定位到答案信息在原文第三、四段。但是三、四段没有给出本题答案的具体信息。综合考虑，一般人们阐述问题的规律为：理论到实践。故最佳答案为C项“过去和现在的事件都放在同一个确定性状态图中”。

4.推理判断题。根据题干可以定位到原文第三段“Itdeniesthebasiccriterionofhistoricalevidence:thatevidencebepubliclyaccessibleto,andthereforeassessablebyallhistorians.”，中文翻译为：它（即心理历史学）否定历史证据的基本标准，即历史证据是大家都可以获取的，因此可被所有的历史学家评价。以及原文“Psychohistorians,convincedoftheabsoluterightnessoftheirowntheories.”，中文翻译为：“心理历史学家确信自己理论的绝对正确。”结合语境可以得出A项正确。

5.推理判断题。选项A可定位到文章第三段第六、七、八句，选项B可定位到文章第一段第一、二句，选项C可以定位到第三段的尾句。因此选择D项。

5.单选题

Weallknowthatthenormalhumandailycycleofactivityisofsome7-8hours'sleepalternationwithsome16-17hours'wakefulnessandthat,broadlyspeaking,thesleepnormallycoincideswiththehoursofdarkness.Ourpresentconcerniswithhoweasilyandtowhatextentthiscyclecanbemodified.

Thequestionisnomereacademicone.Theease,forexample,withwhichpeoplecanchangefromworkinginthedaytoworkingatnight,isaquestionofgrowingimportanceinindustrywhereautomationcallsforround-the-clockworkingofmachines.Itnormallytakesfromfivedaystooneweekforapersontoadapttoreversedroutineofsleepandwakefulness,sleepingduringthedayandworkingatnight.Unfortunately,itisoftenthecaseinindustrythatshiftsarechangedeveryweek;apersonmayworkfrom12midnightto8amoneweek,8a.mto4p.mthenext,o12midnightthethirdandsoon.Thismeansthatnosoonerhashegotusedtooneroutinethanhehastochangetoanother,sothatmuchofhistimeisspentneitherworkingnorsleepingveryefficiently.

Theonlyrealsolutionappearstobetohandoverthenightshifttoanumberofpermanentnightworkers.Aninterestingstudyofthedomesticlifeandhealthofnight-shiftworkerswascarriedoutbyBrownin1957.Shefoundahighincidence（发生率）ofdisturbedsleepandotherdisordersamongthoseonalternatingdayandnightshifts,butnoabnormaloccurrenceofthesephenomenaamongthoseonpermanentnightwork.

Thislattersystemthenappearstobethebestlong-termpolicy,butmeanwhilesomethingmaybedonetorelievethestrainsofalternatedayandnightworkbyselectingthosepeoplewhocanadaptmostquicklytothechangesofroutine.Onewayofknowingwhenapersonhasadaptedisbymeasuringhisbodytemperature.Peopleengagedinnormaldaytimeworkwillhaveahightemperatureduringthehoursofwakefulnessandalowoneatnight;whentheychangetonightworkthepatternwillonlygraduallygobacktomatchthenewroutineandthespeedwithwhichitdoessoparallels,broadlyspeaking,theadaptationofthebodyasawhole,particularlyintermsofperformance.Therefore,bytakingbodytemperatureatintervalsoftwohoursthroughouttheperiodofwakefulnessitcanbeseenhowquicklyapersoncanadapttoareversedroutine,andthiscouldbeusedasabasisforselection.Sofar,however,suchaformofselectiondoesnotseemtohavebeenappliedinpractice.

1.Whyisthequestionof“howeasilypeoplecangetusedtoworkingatnight”notamereacademicquestion?

2.Themainproblemoftheround-the-clockworkingsystemliesin（

）.

3.Thebestsolutionforimplementingthe24-hourworkingsystemseemstobe

（

）.

4.Itispossibletofindoutifapersonhasadaptedtothechangesofroutinebymeasuringhisbodytemperaturebecause

（

）.

5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?

问题1选项

A.Becausefewpeopleliketoreversethecycleofsleepandwakefulness.

B.Becausesleepnormallycoincideswiththehoursofdarkness.

C.Becausepeoplearerequiredtoworkatnightinsomefieldsofindustry.

D.Becauseshiftworkinindustryrequirespeopletochangetheirsleepinghabits.

问题2选项

A.theinconveniencesbroughtabouttotheworkersbytheintroduction

B.thedisturbanceofthedailylifecycleofworkerswhohavetochangeshiftstoofrequently

C.thefactthatpeopleworkingatnightareoftenlesseffective

D.thefactthatitisdifficulttofindanumberofgoodnightworkers

问题3选项

A.tochangeshiftsatlongerintervals

B.tohavelongershifts

C.toarrangeforsomepeopletoworkonnightshiftsonly

D.tocreatebetterlivingconditionsfornightworkers

问题4选项

A.peoplehavehighertemperatureswhentheyareworkingefficiently

B.bodytemperaturechangeswhenhechangestonightshiftorback

C.thetemperaturereverseswhentheroutineischanged

D.bodytemperaturechangeswiththecycleofsleepandwakefulness

问题5选项

A.Bodytemperaturemayserveasanindicationofaworker’sperformance.

B.Theselectionofanumberofpermanentnightshiftworkershasprovedtobethebestsolutiontoproblemsoftheround-the-clockworkingsystem.

C.Takingbodytemperatureatregularintervalscanshowhowapersonadaptstothechangesofroutine.

D.Disturbedsleepoccurslessfrequentlyamongthoseonpermanentnightordayshifts.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:推理判断题。由文章第二段中Theease,forexample,withwhichpeoplecanchangefromworkinginthedaytoworkingatnight,isaquestionofgrowingimportanceinindustrywhereautomationcallsforround-the-clockworkingofmachines.（例如，人们可以轻松地从白天工作到晚上工作，这是一个在自动化工业中越来越重要的问题，在这个行业中，要求机器全天候运转）可知选C。

第2题:细节事实题。由文章第二段中Unfortunately,itisoftenthecaseinindustrythatshiftsarechangedeveryweek;apersonmayworkfrom12midnightto8a.moneweek,8a.mto4p.mthenext,and4p.mto12midnightthethirdandsoon.（不幸的是，在工业中，每周都会发生变化；一个人每周可以从午夜12点工作到每周8点，第二天晚上8点到下午4点，下午4点到12点，以此类推）可知选B。

第3题:细节事实题。由文章第三段中Theonlyrealsolutionappearstobetohandoverthenightshifttoanumberofpermanentnightworkers.（唯一真正的解决办法似乎是把轮班交付给一些长期的夜间工人）可知选C。

第4题:推理判断题。由文章最后一段中Onewayofknowingwhenapersonhasadaptedisbymeasuringhisbodytemperature.Peopleengagedinnormaldaytimeworkwillhaveahightemperatureduringthehoursofwakefulnessandalowoneatnight;particularlyintermsofperformance.（知道一个人何时适应的方法是测量他的体温。从事正常日间工作的人在清醒的时候会有较高的温度，晚上则会有较低的温度；特别是在工作表现方面）可知选A。

第5题:推理判断题。由文章第二段中Theonlyrealsolutionappearstobetohandoverthenightshifttoanumberofpermanentnightworkers.（唯一真正的解决办法似乎是把轮班交付给一些长期的夜间工人）和最后一段中Sofar,however,suchaformofselectiondoesnotseemtohavebeenappliedinpractice.（然而，到目前为止，这种选择形式似乎还没有在实践中得到应用）可知选B。

6.不定项选择题

ThisisWPCSuePorter’sthirdyearasamemberofAvonandSomerset’staskforce,aspecialized“hit-squad”providingsupportforhercolleagues.Herjobisphysicallyandmentallytaxing.Fromdisarmingaknifeattackertobringingroundthevictimofacarcrashsheisexpectedtoperformaswellastheboys.

Her119malecolleaguesinthesquadwoulddoubtlessrecognizethatthewords“taskforce”areusuallyassociatedwithmales.Totrytoremedythistheunitwasrenamed“supportteam”onJanuary1.Porter,26,isoneofthreewomenworkinginit.“I’mnotouttoprovesomethingbecauseI’mawoman.I’mouttobeme.Theycan’texpectanymorefrommeandiftheydothey’regoingtobedisappointed,”shesays.

Porterislessthan5ft5intallandweighsaboutninestone.Inafightshesayshercolleagueswouldprobablyfeelbetterwitha6ftwell-builtmanbehindthem.“IfIknowwearegoingwherethingsaregoingtobedifficultIoffertodrive.Thedriveralwaysstayswiththevan.Butno-oneelsewouldeveraskmetodrive,andoftenwedon’thavetimetoprepareandit’stheonesinthebackwhogetoutanddealwithit.”Lastyear,“dealingwithit”includedhavingbuildingblocksandbricksthrownattheminseveralprotestsandriots.

Portersaystheviolenceisthere,nomatterwhatsexyouare.“Beingawomanmakeslittledifference.Sometimespeopletellyouthatyoushouldn’tbeinthisjob,butthat’susuallytheirwayofexplainingwhythey’vehityou.Butsometimesacoupleofmenwillreactbettertoawomantellingthemtocalmdown:theyseeabigmanasagoodopportunitytofight.”

AtthestationPorterbooksinherstrugglingprisoner.Hehasnohomeaddressandisunemployed.Hedoesnotlikebeingarrestedbyawomanandkeepsswearingather.“I’llseeyouincourt,”heshoutsasheisdraggedtoacell.

Porterlooksonwithoutemotion.Itis3:30amandthereisstillthepaperworktodo.Theteamwillreassembleat7:30pmtoprepareforArsenalfanscomingintoasleepyYeovilforanFAcupmatch.Itcouldbeabusynight.

6.Whatdoes“taxing”,inthethirdline,mean?

7.Whydidn’tthemenonthesquadaskhertodrive?

8.Whatdowelearnaboutthepeopleinprotestsandriots?

9.Whydidsomepeoplesaysheshouldn’tbeonthehit-squad?

10.Howdidtheprisonerreacttoherarrestinghim?

11.Howdidshefeelaboutherprisoner?

12.Whatwouldbethemostsuitabletitleforthisarticle?

问题1选项

A.easy

B.difficult

C.terrible

D.satisfactory

问题2选项

A.Theyrespectedher.

B.Shewasn’tagooddriver.

C.Shehadtostaywiththevan.

D.Theywereafraidsomeonewouldhurther.

问题3选项

A.Theyalwaysthrowthingsatthepolice.

B.Theyrarelythrowthingsatthepolice.

C.Theysometimesthrowthingsatthepolice.

D.Theyneverthrowthingsatthepolice.

问题4选项

A.Theywantedtoexplainhowtheyfelt.

B.Theythoughtthatmenusuallyreactedbetter.

C.Theyfeltguilty.

D.Theywereinnocent.

问题5选项

A.Hedraggedhertoacell.

B.Heaskedhertoreadhimhisrights.

C.Hetriedtoinsulther.

D.Hecalmeddown.

问题6选项

A.Shewasfrightenedofhim.

B.Shewasconfusedaboutherfeelings.

C.Shewaspleasedthatshehadarrestedhim.

D.Shedidn’tfeelanythingatall.

问题7选项

A.Hardnightforapolicewoman

B.Noequalityinthepoliceforce

C.Policeofficerslikeviolence

D.Policeworktoughforbeginners

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:C

第6题:D

第7题:A

【解析】6.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】词义推测题。由题干关键词“taxing”可以定位到文章第一段第二句Herjobisphysicallyandmentallytaxing.（她的工作让人身心俱疲。），说明“taxing”在文中是指“繁重、费力”的意思。因此B选项“困难”正确。A选项“容易”，C选项“可怕”，D选项“满意”均不符合题意，所以A，C，D错误。

7.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干关键词“drive”可以定位到文章第三段第三、四、五句IfIknowwearegoingwherethingsaregoingtobedifficultIoffertodrive.Thedriveralwaysstayswiththevan.Butno-oneelsewouldeveraskmetodrive,andoftenwedon’thavetimetoprepareandit’stheonesinthebackwhogetoutanddealwithit.（如果我知道我们要去的地方事情会很棘手，我就会提出开车。司机总是和货车待在一起。但没有人会要求我开车，而且我们经常没有时间准备，都是后面的人出来处理。），说明队伍里的男人并不会因为她是女性而认为她不能完成任务。因此A选项“他们尊重她”正确。B选项“她不是一个好司机”，D选项“他们害怕有人会伤害她”在文中没有提及，所以B，D错误。C选项“她不得不和货车待在一起”，原文说的是司机必须和货车待在一起，所以C错误。

8.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】客观细节题。由题干关键词可以定位到文章第三段最后一句Lastyear,“dealingwithit”includedhavingbuildingblocksandbricksthrownattheminseveralprotestsandriots.（去年，“处理”包括在几次抗议和骚乱中，有人向他们扔积木和砖头。），说明抗议和骚乱中的人们向警察扔过几次东西。因此C选项“他们有时会向警察扔东西”正确。A选项“他们总是向警察扔东西”，B选项“他们很少向警察扔东西”，D选项“他们从不向警察扔东西”在文中均没有提及，所以A，B，D错误。

9.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第四段第三句Sometimespeopletellyouthatyoushouldn’tbeinthisjob,butthat’susuallytheirwayofexplainingwhythey’vehityou.（有时人们会告诉你，你不应该从事这份工作，但这通常是他们辩解为什么打你的方式。），说明有些人说她不应该加入突击小队的原因是他们为动手打了人而内疚，寻求开脱。因此C选项“他们感到内疚”正确。A选项“他们想解释他们的感受”，B选项“他们认为男人通常反应更好”，D选项“他们是无辜的”在文中均没有提及，所以A，B，D错误。

10.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第五段第三句Hedoesnotlikebeingarrestedbyawomanandkeepsswearingather.（他不喜欢被一个女人逮捕，一直骂她。），说明犯人在被她逮捕时一直咒骂她。因此C选项“他想侮辱她”正确。A选项“他把她拖到一间牢房里”，原文说的是犯人被拖进牢房，所以A错误。B选项“他要求她向他宣读他的权利”，D选项“他冷静了下来”在文中没有提及，所以B，D错误。

11.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章最后一段第一句Porterlooksonwithoutemotion.（波特不动声色地看着。），说明她对犯人毫无感觉。因此D选项“她一点感觉都没有”正确。A选项“她对他感到害怕”，B选项“她对自己的感情感到困惑”，C选项“她为自己逮捕了他而感到高兴”在文中均没有提及，所以A，B，C错误。

12.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】主旨大意题。文章首先介绍了波特作为一名女警的工作内容和面临的情况，接着描述了一个忙碌的夜晚，她在车站逮捕犯人后还有文书工作要做，以及为足球赛做准备，说明本文的主要内容是介绍女警工作的困难。因此A选项“女警的艰难之夜”最适合作为本文标题。B选项“警察队伍不平等”，C选项“警察喜欢暴力”，D选项“警察的工作对初学者来说是艰难的”在文中均没有提及，所以B，C，D错误。

7.单选题

Theprincipleofarocketmotorissimple,（）rocketsareverycomplicatedmachines.

问题1选项

A.largebutwhichpowerful

B.butlarge,powerful

C.largealthoughpowerful

D.solarge,powerful

【答案】B

【解析】考查连词以及逻辑关系。由空格后rockets名词，以及给出的选项可知此处应填入形容词修饰名词。句意：火箭发动机的原理很简单，（）火箭是非常复杂的机器。前文的简单和后文的复杂形成对比，因为B选项正确。

8.单选题

Hisideasareinvariablycondemnedas（）byhiscolleagues.

问题1选项

A.imaginative

B.ingenious

C.impractical

D.theoretical

【答案】C

【解析】句意：他的想法总是被同事们认为（）。condemn意为“谴责，反对”，表明其后的形容词应为贬义词。A选项imaginative想象的，虚构的；B选项ingenious聪明的，精巧的；C选项impractical不切实际的，不实用的；D选项theoretical理论上的。C选项impractical符合句意和逻辑。

9.单选题

Habitscanbeconsciouslystrengthened,aswhenastudentoftheviolinpracticesandmemorizesdifferentfingerings.

问题1选项

A.conveniently

B.lastingly

C.intentionally

D.robustly

【答案】C

【解析】考查副词辨析。consciously表示“自觉地，有意识的”。A项conveniently“便利地，合宜地”，B项lastingly“持续地”，C项intentionally“故意地，有意地”，D项robustly“粗鲁地，坚定地”。句意：习惯可以有意识地加强，就像一个学小提琴的学生练习和记忆不同的指法一样。根据题意该题选C。

10.单选题

Theemployerwasvery______aboutthehealthofheremployeesasreplacementsweredifficulttoget.

问题1选项

A.splenetic

B.dogmatic

C.solicitous

D.obstinate

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项splenetic表示“坏心眼的，容易发怒的”，B项dogmatic表示“教条的，武断的”，C项solicitous表示“热切期望的，热心的”，D项obstinate表示“顽固的，倔强的”。根据关键信息asreplacementsweredifficulttoget（因为替代的员工很难找到）可知，______aboutthehealthofheremployees表示“关心员工的健康”，besolicitousabout表示“挂念，关心”。句意：这位雇主非常关心她的雇员的健康，因为很难找到替代的员工。因此，该题选择C项正确。

11.单选题

Despitemuchdiscussion,andeffortsbybothwomen'sandbusinessgroupstobreak"theglassceiling"down,theworld'sbiggestcompaniesarestillalmost_______runbymen.

问题1选项

A.exceptionally

B.excessively

C.exclusively

D.exceedingly

【答案】C

【解析】exceptionally例外地,异常地;excessively过分地,极度;exclusively排外地,专有地;exceedingly非常地,极度地。句意：尽管女性和商业团体为了打破“玻璃天花板”经过多次讨论并为此付出很多努力，但世界上的大公司仍然几乎完全由男性经营。选项C符合句意。

12.单选题

Sustainabledevelopmentisappliedtojustabouteverythingfromenergytocleanwaterandeconomicgrowth,andasaresultithasbecomedifficulttoquestioneitherthebasicassumptionsbehinditorthewaytheconceptisputtouse.Thisisespeciallytrueinagriculture,wheresustainabledevelopmentisoftentakenasthesolemeasureofprogresswithoutaproperappreciationofhistoricalandculturalperspectives.

Tostartwith,itisimportanttorememberthatthenatureofagriculturehaschangedmarkedlythroughouthistory,andwillcontinuetodoso.MedievalagricultureinnorthernEuropefed,clothedandshelteredapredominantlyruralsocietywithamuchlowerpopulationdensitythanitistoday.Ithadminimaleffecton