人教版必修1 Unit 4 Natural Disasters （主题：自然灾害 ）阅读与写作

人教版必修1Unit4NaturalDisasters（主题：自然灾害）阅读与写作【单元主题工自然灾害Today,scientistsworldwidearestudyingplantsandanimalstobuildabetterclassofrobots.Manyoftherobotsmayhelpwithfuturerescue.Andwhilesomeofthesenature-inspiredrobotsareinthelab,atleastonetypeoftheserobotshasbeentestedduringabignaturaldisaster.Monthsago,abigearthquakeshookcentralMexico.Thequakeresultedinhundredsofdeathsanddestroyedthousandsofbuildings.Beforelong,volunteersaskedscientistsfromalabattheCarnegieMellonUniversitytobringtheirsnakerobotstoMexicoCitytoaidintherescueefforts.Soon,scientistMatthewTravers,onedirectorofthislab,andotherscientistsreachedMexicoCityandtraveledbetweenthecity'sfallen-downbuildings.Theyusedthecamerasontheheadsofthesnakerobotstolookintoabuilding/sopenspacesandcheckifpeopleweretrappedinside.Inthepastyears,scientistsattheCarnegieMellonUniversityhaveworkedtodevelopsnakerobots.Bychangingthedesignsoftherobotsmadebefore,theycreateda“unifiedsnakerobot”,whichcouldmovethroughdifferenttypesofterrain（地形）.ButTraversandhisteammateHowieClosetsaidthatthesnakerobotshadsomewhatlimitedsuccessintheMexicoCityearthquake.zzltwasn'tlikewhatwehadthought:webroughtthesnakerobotsdownthereandwewonthewar/'saysTravers.Thebigreasonwasthattherobotswerenotequippedwithanymicrophones,speakers,orproximitysensors（接近感应器）,Suchkindsofmodernequipmentwouldhavegreatlyimprovedthesnakerobots'abilitytocommunicatewithpeoplewhoweretrappedortomaptheenvironment/Thereasonwhywedon/thavemoreequipmentisonlybecauseofmoney,''saysChoset.Researchonsnakerobotscontinuestomoveon.ButChosetsaysitremainsachallengetogetmoneytodevelopsearch-and-rescuerobots.阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。WhydidMatthewTraversgotoMexicoCity?Tofixsnakerobotsdamagedinadisaster.Tobuildalabtostudysnakerobots.Toproviderescueusingsnakerobots.Tostudycausesofsnakerobots'badperformance.Whydidthesnakerobotsgetlimitedsuccessintheearthquake?Becausetheyfailedtoreceiveprofessionaltraining.Becausetheylackedsomemodernequipment.Becausetheywereoutofcontrol.Becausetheyweretoolarge.语篇主题词汇与短语自然灾害会给人类带来巨大的危害。了解自然灾害并掌握科学的应对方法，会有效帮助人们减少损失。同时，有关自然灾害的报道，也有利于人们及时了解最新情况并迅速做出反应。下面为大家总结了以卜，语篇中关于自然灾害的主题词汇和重点短语rescuev.营救，挽救（生意等）；防止……丢失（或遭丢弃），取回n.营救，救援；营救行动earthquaken.地震；大动荡deathsn.死亡数destroyedadj.被毁的v.破坏，摧毁；（在精神上）毁掉，使崩溃；杀死，消灭（有病或多余的动物）（destroy的过去式和过去分词）volunteersn.志愿者（volunteer的复数）v.志愿（volunteer的三单形式）aidn.帮助，救助；辅助设施；助手；特别津贴，国库税v.帮助，援助；促进，有助于trappedadj.受困的，受限制的v.诱捕；使陷入圈套；使陷入困境（trap的过去式和过去分词形式）terrainn.地形，地势；领域naturaldisaster自然灾难，［环境］［农］自然灾害写作指导报道自然灾害时，可以从时间、地点、过程以及结果等方面进行详细的描述。在写作过程中，多用过去时态；如果是现场新闻报道，则会用到现在进行时；另外，报道可能会涉及事件的延伸，所以也可能会用到将来时态。一、写作步骤：Giveabriefintroductiontothedisaster；Describetheeffectofthedisasterindetail；Drawaconclusion.二、语料大搜索：【增色词汇】.介绍自然灾害：disaster;typhoon;hurricane;earthquake;tornado;storm;snowstorm;drought;flood;tsunami;strike;occur;hit;breakout;violently.灾害具体情况及影响：strengthen;sweepaway;destroy;damage;cause;cutoff;delay;influence;affect;trap;continue;leadto;powerful;serious;severe;totally;gradually;homeless;death;injury;survivor;economicloss;property（财产）;electricity/transportationsystem;ataspeedof;asaresultof.应对措施：callon;appealto;rescue;protect/prevent/stop...frommakejointefforts;takeeffectivemeasures;evacuate;warn;inadvance;makesure;instruction;respondto;dealwith【精彩句型】Aviolent/powerfultyphoon/hurricanestruckcausingagreat/serious/severe/significantlossofpeople'slivesandproperty.Thestrongwindsbroughtaboutheavyraintothisareaandledtoseriousflood,whichhaswashedawayabout1,000housesandcausedatleast100deathssofar.Shortlyaftertheearthquakeoccurred,agroupofmedicalrescuersweresentto...Althoughtheearthquakecausedagreatloss,thelocalpeopledidn'tlosehopeand...Volunteersfromallpartsofthecountryhaverushedtotheearthquake-strickenareatohelpwiththerescue.Sofar/Uptonow,morethan10,000peoplehavebeenevacuatedtosaferplacesandthetraffichasreturnedtonormalwiththehelpof...新间报道是记叙文的一种，其特点是以事实为依据，对人的经历或事实给予明确的、实事求是的报道。.基本结构：英语新闻报道通常包括四部分：①标题一一标题应当简洁明了。②导语一一导语是消息开头的第一段或第一句话，简明扼要地揭示出消息的核心内容。③主体一一主体是消息的主要部分，要用充足的事实表现主题，对导语的内容作进一步的展开和阐述。④结束语一一通常是对全文内容进行概括性的总结。.新闻报道亮点句子(1)陈述事实常用的句型：①Aterriblestormhit/struck...,killing..②Itwasacoolautumnnightwhentheearthquakehappened.Alargenumberofbuildingsfelldownandroadsweredestroyed,leavingagreatmanypeoplehomeless.地震发生在一个凉爽的秋夜。大量的建筑物倒塌，道路被毁，许多人无家可归。③Withthehelpoftherescueteam,peoplewhowerethetrappedinthefloodweresaved.在救援队的帮助下，困在洪水中的人们得救了。(2)陈述观点常用的句型：@Clearly/Obviously/lnmyopinion/ltseemedthatpeoplewereshocked.显然/在我看来/似乎人们震惊了。②Thewholecitywasinruinsaftertheearthquake.地震后整个城市成了一片废墟。(3)揭示原因常用的句型：Becauseof/Asaresultof/Thankstothehelpofthearmy,peoplewhogotinjuredweresenttothehospitalimmediately.主题作文分享假定你是某英语电台记者，请你就四川省宜宾市长宁县发生的地震写一篇报道，内容包括：.地震概况：2019年6月17日22时55分四川省宜宾市长宁县发生6.0级地震；.受损情况：12人死亡，134人受伤；多处道路以及几千所房屋遭到破坏；.救援情况：地震发生后，救援人员立刻赶往现场实施救援，救援物资也被运往灾区。注意：.词数80左右；.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【写作分析】本篇写作要求学生写一篇新闻报道，就四川省宜宾市长宁县发生的地震进行报道。报道需包含所给出的