考研考博-英语-北京师范大学考试押题三合一+答案详解3

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-北京师范大学考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Mr.Duffyraisedhiseyesfromthepaperandgazedoutofhiswindowonthecheerlesseveninglandscape.TheriverlayquietbesidestheemptydistilleryandfromtimetotimealightappearedinsomehouseonLucanRoad.Whatanend!Thewholenarrativeofherdeathrevoltedhimanditrevoltedhimtothinkthathehadeverspokentoherofwhatheheldsacred.Thecautiouswordsofareporterwonovertoconcealthedetailsofacommonplacevulgardeathattackedhisstomach.Notmerelyhadshedegradedherself;shehaddegradedhim.Hissoul’scompanion!Hethoughtofthehobblingwretcheswhomhehadseencarryingcansandbottlestobefilledbythebarman.JustGod,whatanend!Evidentlyshehadbeenunfittolivewith,withoutanystrengthofpurpose,aneasypreytohabits,oneofthewrecksonwhichcivilizationhasbeenreared.Butthatshecouldhavesunksolow!Wasitpossiblehehaddeceivedhimselfsoutterlyabouther?Herememberedheroutburstofthatflightandinterpreteditinaharshersensethathehadeverdone.Hehadnodifficultynowinapprovingofthecoursehehadtaken.

Asthelightfailedandhismemorybegantowander,hethoughtherhandtouchedhis.Theshockwhichhadfirstattackedhisstomachwasnowattackinghisnerves.Heputonhisovercoatandhatquicklyandwentout.Thecoldairmethimonthethreshold;itcreptintothesleevesofhiscoat.WhenhecametothepublichouseatChapelBridgehewentinandorderedahotpunch.

Theproprietorservedhimobsequiouslybutdidnotventuretotalk.Therewerefiveorsixworkingmenintheshopdiscussingthevalueofagentleman’sestateinCountyKildare.Theydrankatintervalsfromtheirhugepinttumblers,andsmoked,spittingoftenonthefloorandsometimesdraggingthesawdustovertheirheavyboots.Mr.Duffysatonhisstoolandgazedatthem,withoutseeingorhearingthem.Afterawhile,theywentoutandhecalledforanotherpunch.Hesatalongtimeoverit.Theshopwasveryquiet.Theproprietorsprawledonthecounterreadingthenewspaperandyawning.Nowandagainateamwasheardswishingalongthelonelyroadoutside.

Ashesatthere,livingoverhislifewithherandevokingalternatelythetwoimagesonwhichhenowconceivedher,herealizedthatshewasdead,thatshehadceasedtoexist,thatshehadbecomeamemory.Hebegantofeelillatease.Heaskedhimselfwhatelsehecouldhavedone.Hecouldnothavelivedwithheropenly.Hehaddonewhatseemedtohimbest.Howwashetoblame?Nowthatshewasgoneheunderstoodhowlonelyherlifemusthavebeen,sittingnightafternightaloneintheroom.Hislifewouldbelonelytoountilhe,too,died,ceasedtoexist,becameamemoryifanyonerememberedhim.

1.Mr.Duffy’simmediatereactiontothereportofthewoman’sdeathwasthatof（

）.

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthereporterwroteaboutthewoman’sdeathina（

）manner.

3.Theword“obsequiously”inthethirdparagraphprobablymeans

（

）.

4.WecaninferfromthelastparagraphthatMr.Duffywasina(n)

（

）

mood.

5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrue?

问题1选项

A.disgust

B.guilt

C.grief

D.compassion

问题2选项

A.detailed

B.provocative

C.discreet

D.sensational

问题3选项

A.compassionately

B.servilely

C.feverishly

D.passionately

问题4选项

A.angry

B.fretful

C.irritable

D.remorseful

问题5选项

A.Mr.Duffyonceconfidedinthewoman.

B.Mr.Duffyfeltanintensesenseofshame.

C.Thewomanwantedtoendtherelationship

D.Theybecameestrangedprobablyafteraquarrel.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。题目问的是“Duffy先生对关于这个女人死亡的报告的即刻反应是什么”。文章第一段第四句话提到“关于她死亡的整个叙述令他厌恶”（Thewholenarrativeofherdeathrevoltedhim），第五句话提到报到者用谨慎的语言掩盖了粗俗的死亡，让他倒胃口（Thecautiouswordsofareporterwonovertoconcealthedetailsofacommonplacevulgardeathattackedhisstomach），因此选项A“反感”符合题意。

2.细节事实题。题目问的是“通过文章可知，报道者用……方式报道了那个女人的死亡”。文章第一段第五句话提到报到者用谨慎的语言掩盖了粗俗的死亡，让他倒胃口（Thecautiouswordsofareporterwonovertoconcealthedetailsofacommonplacevulgardeathattackedhisstomach），因此，选项C“谨慎的”符合题意。

3.词义题。题目问的是“单词obsequiously的意思是……”。文章第三段第一句话提到“店主……地为他服务但是不敢跟他说话”（Theproprietorservedhimobsequiouslybutdidnotventuretotalk），根据店主服务客人的原则可以推测店主是非常殷勤的，因此选项B“屈从地”符合题意。

4.推理判断题。题目问的是“从文章最后一段我们可得知Duffy先生的心情……”。文章最后一段提到“他不能与她公开生活。他做了看起来对他最好的事情。”（Hecouldnothavelivedwithheropenly.Hehaddonewhatseemedtohimbest）；“他的生活将会一直孤独，直到死亡”（islifewouldbelonelytoountilhe,too,died），说明Duffy先生非常后悔当初的做法，选项D“后悔的”符合题意。

5.推理判断题。题目问的是“通过文章可知下列哪个表述不正确”。文章第一段提到“他曾经跟她说过……”（hehadeverspokentoherofwhatheheldsacred），因此选项A可以排除；文章最后一段提到“现在，她死了，他明白了她先前的生活是那么孤独……”（Nowthatshewasgoneheunderstoodhowlonelyherlifemusthavebeen,sittingnightafternightaloneintheroom），以及“他不能与她公开生活。他做了看起来对他最好的事情。”（Hecouldnothavelivedwithheropenly.Hehaddonewhatseemedtohimbest）能推断Duffy先生内心的悔恨，选项B可以排除；文章第一段提到“她的突然离开”（heroutburstofthatflight）可推测他们之间有过争吵，选项D符合题意。

2.单选题

（

）isforbiddeninsomestatesintheUnitedStatesforreligiousreasons,whileitispermittedinsomeotherstates.

问题1选项

A.Conception

B.Abortion

C.Delivery

D.Perception

【答案】B

【解析】名词辨析题。A选项Conception“怀孕”；B选项Abortion“堕胎，流产”；C选项Delivery“分娩”；D选项Perception“感知”。

句意：由于宗教原因，美国有些州禁止堕胎，而有些州允许堕胎。选项B更符合语境。

3.单选题

[A]Allpeopledevelopattitudesonpublicissues:somemaynotbeinterestedinandotherssimplymaynothearaboutthem.Theattitudesthatareformedmaybeheldforvarious[B]reasons.Thus,fourmenmayallbeopposedtohigherpropertytaxes[C]butforverydifferentreasons.Onemanmaybeforhighertaxesinprinciple,buthe[D]opposesthembecauseheishavingtroublepayingthemortgageonhishouse.

问题1选项

A.Allpeople

B.reasons

C.but

D.opposes

【答案】A

【解析】考查语义。由冒号后句意“有些人可能不感兴趣，而另一些人可能根本就没听说过”可知并不是所有人对公众问题持有看法。应将A选项allpeople改为notallpeople。

4.单选题

（

）foralongtime,thefieldsarealldriedup.

问题1选项

A.Therehasbeennorain

B.Havingnorain

C.Therehavingbeennorain

D.Therebeingnorain

【答案】C

【解析】考查非谓语动词。逗号后面的是一个完整的句子，所以前面应该用非谓语结构，再根据foralongtime可知要用到完成时，所以选项C符合题意。

5.单选题

Shouldyoubreaktheruleagainststaringatastrangeronanelevator,youwillmaketheotherperson（）uncomfortable,andyouarelikelytofeelabitstrangeyourself.

问题1选项

A.opulently

B.excessively

C.consistently

D.exceedingly

【答案】D

【解析】考查副词辨析。opulently“富裕地，丰裕地”；excessively“过分地，极度”,强调的是超过合理范围的；consistently“一贯地，一致地”；exceedingly“极其，非常”，相当于very。句意：如果你在电梯里盯着陌生人看，你会让别人极其不舒服，并且你自己也会觉得很奇怪。选项D符合题意。

6.单选题

Inhisspeech,thepresidentemphasizedthatthechallengetoman’sfuturecanneverbemetbymaking______adjustmentshereandthere.

问题1选项

A.adventurous

B.assiduous

C.marginal

D.moderate

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项adventurous“爱冒险的，大胆的，充满危险的”，B项assiduous“刻苦的，勤勉的”，C项marginal“微不足道的，不重要的，边缘的”，D项moderate“稳健的，温和的，适度的”。根据句子意思“在他的演讲中，总统强调，人类未来的挑战永远不能通过到处的……调整来应对”可知，四个选项中只有marginal符合语境。句意：总统在演讲中强调，人类未来所面临的挑战不可能通过到处的微小调整来应对。因此，该题选择C项正确。

7.单选题

Mrs.Brownissupposed（）forItalylastweek.

问题1选项

A.toleave

B.tobeleaving

C.tohaveleft

D.tohavebeenleft

【答案】C

【解析】考查suppose的用法。时间状语是lastweek，说明是为了强调过去的时间，所以应该用完成时，Brown女士是主动离开，所以选项C符合题意。

8.单选题

WhileIcouldnot（）thewordsoutsidethethickglasswindows,theirmiddlefingersspokeloudly.

问题1选项

A.wearout

B.setout

C.makeout

D.findout

【答案】C

【解析】考查语义关系。A选项wearout“耗尽、疲乏”；B选项setout“动身、出发”；C选项makeout“理解、辨认”；D选项findout“查明、找出”，句意为：厚厚的玻璃窗外的话我听不清，但他们的中指竖了起来。因此选项C符合题意。

9.单选题

Readersarerequiredtocomplywiththerulesofthelibraryandmindtheirmanners.

问题1选项

A.observet

B.memorizet

C.commentt

D.request

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。complywith表示“照做，遵守”；A项observe“观察，遵守”，B项memorize“记住，背熟”，C项comment“发表评论，发表意见”，D项request“要求，请求”。句意：读者应遵守图书馆的各项规定，注意自己的行为举止。根据句意可知，该题选择A项正确。

10.单选题

Goodthingsaredividedintothreeclasses:(1)externalgoods,(2)goodsofthesoul,and(3)goodsofthebody.Ofthese,wecallthegoodspertainingtothesoulgoodsinthehighestandfullestsense.Butinspeakingof“soul”,werefertooursoul’sactionsandactivities.Thus,ourdefinitionofgoodtallieswiththisopinionwhichhasbeencurrentforalongtimeandtowhichphilosopherssubscribe.Wearealsorightindefiningtheendasconsistingofactionsandactivities;forinthiswaytheendisincludedamongthegoodsofthesoulandnotamongexternalgoods.

Alsotheviewthatahappymanliveswellandfareswellfitsinwithourdefinition:forwehaveallbutdefinedhappinessasakindofgoodlifeandwell-being.

Moreover,thecharacteristicswhichonelooksforinhappinessareallincludedinourdefinition.Forsomepeoplethinkthathappinessisavirtue,othersthatitispracticalwisdom,othersthatitissomekindoftheoreticalwisdom;othersagainbelieveittobeallorsomeoftheseaccompaniedby,ornotdevoidof,pleasure;andsomepeoplealsoincludeexternalprosperityinitsdefinition.

1.Accordingtothepassage,thegreatestgoodsarethosethat（）.

2.Theword“tallies”inline4means（）.

3.Theauthor’sdefinitionofhappinessinparagraph2isrelatedtothedefinitionofgoodinthat（）.

4.Theauthor’smainpurposeinthelastparagraphisto（）.

问题1选项

A.createprosperity

B.arespiritual

C.areintellectual

D.createhappiness

问题2选项

A.keepscount

B.records

C.labels

D.corresponds

问题3选项

A.livingagoodlifewillbringyouhappiness

B.happinessisthesameasgoodness

C.happinessisoftensacrificedtoattainthegood

D.allthingsthatcreatehappinessaregoodthings

问题4选项

A.showthatdifferentpeoplehavedifferentdefinitionsofhappiness

B.provideguidelinesforgoodbehavior

C.provethathisdefinitionofhappinessisvalid

D.explainrelationshipbetweenhappinessandgoodness

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据文章第一段，“wecallthegoodspertainingtothesoulgoodsinthehighestandfullestsense.”，我们把与灵魂相关的美好事物称为最高的意义。可判断出最好的事物就是精神上的美好。选项B符合题意。

2.词义题。根据文章第一段，“…thisopinionwhichhasbeencurrentforalongtimeandtowhichphilosopherssubscribe.”，这样的观点已经流行了很长一段时间，并且哲学家们也赞成。可判断出我们对于美好的定义符合这一观点。keepscount“计数”，record“记录”，label“标记”；correspond“符合，一致”。选项D符合题意。

3.判断推理题。根据文章第二段，“forwehaveallbutdefinedhappinessasakindofgoodlifeandwell-being.”，我们几乎把幸福定义为一种美好的生活和幸福。可推断出生活和幸福的联系为：美好的生活会带来幸福。选项A符合题意。

4.作者意图题。根据文章最后一段，“thecharacteristicswhichonelooksforinhappinessareallincludedinourdefinition.”，一个人对幸福特征的观念都包含在我们的定义中。可知作者对自己的定义是持坚定态度。下文继续列举了人们对幸福的种种定义，可推断出作者在最后一段证明他对幸福的定义是正确的。选项C符合题意。

11.单选题

Manyanimalshave（）thathelpthemescapefromtheirenemies.Thecoatsofsomeanimalsarecoloredtoadapttoitssurroundings.

问题1选项

A.adaptations

B.acquisitions

C.adjustments

D.additions

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。adaptation“适应”;acquisition“获得，收购”;adjustment“调整，调节”；addition“添加，增加”。that后面是一个定语从句，用来修饰空格处的名词，“帮助它们逃脱敌人”，由此可知选项A符合题意。句意：很多动物具有适应性，能够帮助它们逃脱敌人。有些动物的皮毛能够适应周边环境而变色。

12.单选题

Certainanimalbehaviors,suchasmatingrituals,seemtobe_______，andtherefore____externalfactorssuchasclimatechanges,foodsupply,orthepresenceofotheranimalsofthesamespecies.

问题1选项

A.learned...immuneto

B.innate...unaffectedby

C.intricate...belongto

D.specific...confusedwith

【答案】B

【解析】形容词词义和动词词组解析。learned“有学问的”；innate“与生俱来的”；intricate“复杂的，错综的”；specific“明确的，详细的”。immuneto“不受……影响的”；unaffectedby“不受影响的”；belongto“属于”；confusedwith“对……困惑”。句意：一些动物的行为，比如交配行为，似乎是与生俱来的，不受外来因素影响的，比如气候变化，食物供给或者同一物种其他动物的存在。选项B符合题意。

13.单选题

Acloseanalogytostudydesignistheroughsketchmadebyanartistbeforebecommitshisvisiontocanvas.Thebroadoutlinesaredrawn,theproperperspectiveachieved,andthetotalimpactofthepicture-to-becanbepartiallyappreciatedinadvance.Soitiswiththedesignofresearch;itspecifiesinadvancethekindsofstatementsthatcanbemadeonthebasisofitsfindingsandfixtheperspectivesagainstwhichthesefindingsaretobeevaluated.

Onemajorpurposeofthisstudywastodemonstratewhetherornotthenewersocialresearchtechniquescouldhelpinbroadeninganddeepeningknowledgeconcerningjuveniledelinquency.Constructionofthedesignwasguidedbythisgoalofexploringnewmethodsintheanalysisofjuveniledelinquency.However,researchtechniquedevelopedinonecontentcannotbemechanicallytransferredtoanother.Anewapplicationofaresearchtechniquerequiressubstantialchangesanditistheseinnovativemodificationsthatthisstudyoffersasitscontribution.

Juveniledelinquencyhasbeenthesubjectofmanypreviousstudiesusingavarietyofresearchtechniques.Thisstudymakesanadditionalcontributionbyusingadesignspeciallyplannedtopermitacomparisonofseveralapproaches.Thedrawingupofthestudydesignprofitedgreatlyfromanextensivesurveyofpreviousresearchesoncrime,undertakenduringtheearlieststageoftheproject.Itwasfoundthatmoststudiescouldbeclassifiedasbelongingstudyandpersonalmotivationstudy.

Eachtypehasitscharacteristicdesignandmodeofinterpretationandeachhasproducedinformationofconsiderableimportance.Yetnoattemptwasmadeinanyofthestudiestointegrateoneormoreofthesethreedesigntypes.Itbecameapparentthatonofthemajorcontributionsapilotstudycouldmaketobothmethodandsubstantivefindingswouldbetobringallthreestudytypestogetherinonedesignforthepurposeofcorrelatingtheirfindingsandevaluatingtheirrelativeimportanceinproducingdataofusetothepractitioner.

1.Thephrase"theproject"（Paragraph3）refersto（）.

2.InParagraphOnetheauthordrawsananalogybetween（）.

3.Themajorcontributionofthisstudyisto（）.

4.Thesubjectunderdiscussioninthepassageisabout（）.

5.Threedesigntypesofpreviousresearchesare（）.

问题1选项

A.anextensiveresearchoncrime

B.afullexplorationofresearchdesigns

C.anelaborateinvestigationintonewtechniques

D.acomprehensiveresearchofjuveniledelinquency

问题2选项

A.aresearchandanartist

B.doingresearchanddrawingasketch

C.designingaresearchandmakingasketch

D.researchfindingandpicture’sperspectives

问题3选项

A.carryoutacomprehensiveanalysisofjuveniledelinquency

B.developanewresearchtechniqueeasilytransferredfromoneareatoanother

C.modifycreativelythepreviousresearchfindingofjuveniledelinquency

D.demonstratethesuccessfulapplicationofnewresearchtechniquesinanewarea

问题4选项

A.aresearchdesignconcerningjuveniledelinquency

B.applicationofanalogyinstudyingjuveniledelinquency

C.crimeandjuveniledelinquency

D.extensivesurveyofresearchersinjuveniledelinquency

问题5选项

A.interrelatedtoeachother

B.supplementarytoeachother

C.tobemodifiedconsiderably

D.tobeintegratedintoonedesign

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】1.判断推理题。由第三段Thedrawingupofthestudydesignprofitedgreatlyfromanextensivesurveyofpreviousresearchesoncrime,undertakenduringtheearlieststageoftheproject.该研究设计的制定得益于项目早期对以往犯罪研究的广泛调查。可知这个项目早期就已经对青少年犯罪进行了广泛的研究。故D项正确。

2.判断推理题。由第一段Acloseanalogytostudydesignistheroughsketchmadebyanartistbeforebecommitshisvisiontocanvas.学习设计的一个很好的类比就是艺术家在将他的视觉交付给画布之前所画的草图。可知此句将做研究设计与艺术家画草图进行类比。故C项正确。

3.细节事实题。由题干关键词“contribution”可定位到第二段Anewapplicationofaresearchtechniquerequiressubstantialchangesanditistheseinnovativemodificationsthatthisstudyoffersasitscontribution.一项研究技术的新应用需要实质性的变化，而本研究的贡献正是这些创新的改进。可知C项“创造性地改进了以往关于青少年犯罪的研究成果。”正确。

4.主旨大意题。文章开头就表明了主题是关于研究设计的。再由第二段Onemajorpurposeofthisstudywastodemonstratewhetherornotthenewersocialresearchtechniquescouldhelpinbroadeninganddeepeningknowledgeconcerningjuveniledelinquency.这项研究的一个主要目的是证明新的社会研究技术是否能够帮助拓宽和加深有关青少年犯罪的知识。故A项“关于青少年犯罪的研究设计”正确。

5.推理判断题。由最后一段Yetnoattemptwasmadeinanyofthestudiestointegrateoneormoreofthesethreedesigntypes.Itbecameapparentthatonofthemajorcontributionsapilotstudycouldmaketobothmethodandsubstantivefindingswouldbetobringallthreestudytypestogetherinonedesignforthepurposeofcorrelatingtheirfindingsandevaluatingtheirrelativeimportanceinproducingdataofusetothepractitioner.然而，在任何研究中都没有试图将这三种设计类型中的一种或多种集成起来。很明显,试点研究的一个主要的贡献是方法和实质性的结果将使三种类型的研究整合到一个设计中，从而将调查结果联合起来，并评估这些调查结果在为实践者提供数据中的相对重要性。可知这三种类型的研究将被整合到一个设计中。故D项正确。

14.单选题

Heisholdinga（）positioninthecompanyandexpectstobepromotedsoon.

问题1选项

A.subordinate

B.succeeding

C.successive

D.subsequent

【答案】A

【解析】形容词辨析。句意:他如今在公司任一个（）职位，他期望能够尽快升职。

subordinate下级的，次要的；succeeding以后的；successive连续的，接替的；subsequent后来的，随后的。根据后半句“他期望能够尽快升职”推测，A项subordinate次要的符合句意。

15.翻译题

1.科学家是一小群努力洞悉自然,在表面的杂乱无序中寻求规律的人,他们具有特殊的能力进行思考与分析,具有无限的耐心进行观察与收集数据。

2.当时我们所面临的最关键的问题是熟练劳动力的缺乏,用以培训这种劳动力的大学师资不足,以及我们的大学中由于用于教育和科研的师资和现代化设备短缺造成的研究能力衰退。

3.科学是讲求实际的。科学是老老实实的学问,来不得半点虚假,需要付出艰巨的劳动。同时,科学也需要创造,需要幻想,有幻想才能打破传统的束缚,才能发展科学。

4.如果你着手干一番事业而失败了,不要丧失信心。“我失败了三次”与“我是一个失败者”之间有着天壤之别。只要你对自己不持否定的想法,不把自己与失败等同起来,而是试图从失败中吸取教训,你很可能在未来取得成功。

【答案】1.Scientistsareagroupofpeoplewhopossessspecialabilitiestothinkandanalyzethingsandhaveendlesspatienceinobservinganddatacollecting.Theyalltrytodiscernthenatureandfindoutregulationsthroughthedisorderlyappearance.

2.Themostvitalproblemswefacedwithatthattimeweretheshortageoflaborers,thelackofuniversityteachersinthetrainingofthoselaborers,andthedeclineintheresearchingcapabilitycausedbythelackofuniversityteachersandmodernequipmentusedforeducationandtechnologyresearch.

3.Sciencealwaysfocusesonrealities.Itneedstheconscientiousrequirementforknowledgeandpermitsofnofalse.Meanwhile,itinvolvespeople’screationandimagination.Andimaginationcanbreakthelimitationoftraditionsanddevelopthescienceconstantly.

4.Don’tbedisappointedifyoufailinthecareeryouhavedone.Theword“Ihaveexperiencedfailureforthreetimes”isabsolutelydifferentfromtheword“Iamaloser”.Aslongasyoudon’tdenyyourself,donotidentifyyourselfwiththefailure,andtrytolearnsomethingfromyourfailure,youwillbelikelytosucceedinthefuture.

16.单选题

Intheletter,myfriendsaidthathewouldlovetohavemeasaguestinhis（）home.

问题1选项

A.humble

B.obscure

C.inferior

D.lower

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项humble“谦逊的，简陋的”，B项obscure“昏暗的，晦涩的”，C项inferior“自卑的，下等的”，D项lower“下方的，下级的”。根据关键词home（家，住宅）可知，空格处填入“简陋的”最合适。句意：在信中，我的朋友说他很愿意我在他简陋的家里做客。因此，该题A项正确。

17.单选题

Johnsaidthathedidn’tquite（）andaskedmetorepeatwhatIhadsaid.

问题1选项

A.snatchup

B.summonup

C.catchon

D.watchout

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。A项snatchup“夺取，抓起”，B项summonup“鼓起，唤起”，C项catchon“理解，变得流行”，D项watchout“小心，提防”。根据后面的句意“要我重复我说过的话”可知，空格部分表示“明白，理解”，只有C项符合。句意：约翰说他不太明白，要我重复一遍刚才说的话。因此，该题选择C项正确。

18.单选题

Thechallengesthesesuper-tallbuildingsfaceareplentiful,requiringenormousfinancialresources,sophisticatedengineeringskills,a（）willamongstallpartiesinvolvedtomakeithappenandfinallypeoplewillingtowork,live,useandpayforthemonadailybasis.

问题1选项

A.consolidated

B.consoled

C.consoling

D.consolidating

【答案】A

【解析】形近异义词辨析。consolidated“巩固的，统一的”；console“安慰”；consoling“可安慰的”；consolidating“巩固，合并”。句意：这些超高层建筑面临巨大的挑战，需要大量的资金、复杂的工程技术，在所有相关的各方中都有一个统一的意愿来完成它。最后人们每天为它工作、生活，使用它并且为它付款。选项A符合题意。

19.翻译题

Agoodbookisoftenthebesturnofalifeenshriningthebestthatlifecouldthinkout;fortheworldofman'slifeis,forthemostpart,buttheworldofhisthoughts.Thusthebestbooksaretreasuriesofgoodwords,thegoldenthoughts,which,rememberedandcherished,becomeourconstantcompanionsandcomforters.“Theyareneveralone,”saidSirPhilipSidney,“thatareaccompaniedbynoblethoughts.”

Thegoodandtruethoughtmayintimesoftemptationbeasanangleofmercypurifyingandguardingthesoul.Italsoenshrinesthegermsofaction,forgoodwordsalmostalwaysinspiretogoodworks.

【答案】好书常如最精美的宝器，珍藏着人生的思想的精华；因为人的生活世界主要是他的思想世界。因此，最好的书是金玉良言和崇高思想的宝库，这些良言和思想若铭记于心并多加珍视，就会成为我们忠实的伴侣和永恒的慰藉。菲利普•西德尼爵士说过：“有高尚思想做伴的人永不孤独。”

在我们受到诱惑的时候，美好真实的思想可以作为一种仁慈的视角，净化和保护我们的灵魂。这同样孕育着行为的萌芽，因为金玉良言总能激励善行。

20.单选题

Hisinabilitytolearnforeignlanguagewasan（

）tohiscareer.

问题1选项

A.shortage

B.disturbance

C.occurrence

D.obstacle

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。shortage“短缺”；disturbance“打扰”；occurrence“发生，出现”；obstacle“障碍”。句意：他没有学习外语的能力，这成为他职业生涯的一个障碍。根据上下文句意可知D项符合题意，答案D

21.单选题

Weneedachairman（）.

问题1选项

A.forwhomeveryonehasconfidence

B.inwhomeveryonehasconfidence

C.whoeveryonehasconfidenceof

D.whomeveryonehasconfidenceon

【答案】B

【解析】句意:我们需要一个每个人都对他有信心的主席。

语法题。考查定语从句。空格前面部分结构已经完整，而且结合选项可知，空格部分是定语从句。由“haveconfidenceinsomebody”表示“对某人有信心”可知，先行词在定语从句中充当宾语，即whom指代chairman，并且将介词in提前。故选B。

22.单选题

Youwillhavetoworkhardto（

）

thetimeyoulost.

问题1选项

A.makeuseof

B.makeupfor

C.makewayof

D.makeroomfor

【答案】B

【解析】makeuseof利用；makeupfor弥补,补偿；makewayfor让路,为...开路；makeroomfor为...腾出空位。句意:你必须努力工作来弥补你失去的时间。选项B符合句意。

23.单选题

Thegovernmentistryingtohelptheseenterprisesoutofthe（）byvariousmeans.

问题1选项

A.flight

B.plight

C.delight

D.twilight

【答案】B

【解析】近义词辨析。flight航班，航机；plight境况，困境；delight高兴，快乐；twilight黄昏，黎明。plight放在此处比较适合,outoftheplight意为“走出困境”。

24.单选题

Identitytheftcanrangeforthesimpletheftofacreditcard,oritcangointomorecomplexschemeswherethethievescan_______hundredsofpeopleatatime.

问题1选项

A.embody

B.impersonate

C.personify

D.assume

【答案】B

【解析】embody使具体化;impersonate模仿,扮演;personify赋予...以人性,使人格化;assume假定,设想。句意：身份盗窃可以简単地归类于信用卡盗窃，也可以是更复杂的方案，比如窃贼可以一次冒充数百人。选项B符合句意。

25.单选题

Somewomenaremotivatedtowork（）professionalinterestsandadesiretocontributetosociety.

问题1选项

A.becauseof

B.asto

C.regardlessof

D.inspiteof

【答案】A

【解析】考查介词短语辨析。A选项becauseof“因为；由于”；B选项asto“至于，关于；就……而论”；C选项regardlessof“不顾，不管”；D选项inspiteof“不管、虽然、尽管、不顾”。句意：有些妇女工作的动机是（）职业兴趣和为社会做贡献的愿望。B、C、D选项不符合句意，因此A选项正确。

26.单选题

Theyhavereduced（

）inthelabormarketbyallowingemployersandprospectiveemployeestoconnectmoreeasilythaneverbefore.

问题1选项

A.incentive

B.budget

C.aggression

D.friction

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。incentive“刺激，动机”；budget“预算”；aggression“侵略，侵犯”；friction“摩擦”。句意为：雇主和潜在雇员之间的联系较从前变得更加容易，通过采用这一方式，他们减少了劳动市场中的摩擦。选项D符合句意。

27.单选题

Manygreatinventionsareinitiallygreetedwithridiculeanddisbelief.Theinventionoftheairplanewasnoexception.AlthoughmanypeoplewhoheardaboutthefirstpoweredflightonDecember17,1903wereexcitedandimpressed,othersreactedwithpealsoflaughter.Theideaofflyinganaircraftwasrepulsivetosomepeople.SuchpeoplecalledWilburandOrvilleWright,theinventorsofthefirstflyingmachine,impulsivefools.Negativereactions,however,didnotstoptheWrights.Impelledbytheirdesiretosucceed,theycontinuedtheirexperimentsinaviation.

OrvilleandWilburWrighthadalwayshadacompellinginterestinaeronauticsandmechanics.Asyoungboystheyearnedmoneybymakingandsellingkitesandmechanicaltoys.Later,theydesignedanewspaper-foldingmachine,builtaprintingpress,andoperatedabicycle-repairshop.In1896,whentheyreadaboutthedeathofOttoLilienthal,thebrothers’interestinflightgrewintoacompulsion.

Lilienthal,apioneerinhang-gliding,hadcontrolledhisglidersbyshiftinghisbodyinthedesireddirection.ThisideawasrepellenttotheWrightbrothers,however,andtheysearchedformoreefficientmethodstocontrolthebalanceofairbornevehicles.In1990and1901,theWrightstestednumerousglidersanddevelopedcontroltechniques.Thebrothers’inabilitytoobtainenoughliftpowerfortheglidersalmostledthemtoabandontheirefforts.

Afterfurtherstudy,theWrightbrothersconcludedthatthepublishedtablesofairpressureoncurvedsurfacesmustbewrong.Theysetupawindtunnelandbeganaseriesofexperimentswithmodelwings.Becauseoftheirefforts,theoldtableswererepealedintimeandreplacedbythefirstreliablefiguresforairpressureoncurvedsurfaces.Thiswork,inturn,madeitpossibleforthebrotherstodesignamachinethatwouldfly.In1903theWrightsbuilttheirfirstairplane,whichcostlessthan$1,000.

Theyevendesignedandbuilttheirownsourceofpropulsion―alightweightgasolineengine.WhentheystartedtheengineonDecember17,theairplanepulsatedwildlybeforetakingoff.Theplanemanagedtostayaloftfor12seconds,however,anditflew120feet.

By1905,theWrightshadperfectedthefirstairplanethatcouldturn,circle,andremainairborneforhalfanhouratatime.Othershadflowninballoonsandhanggliders,buttheWrightbrotherswerethefirsttobuildafull-sizemachinethatcouldflyunderitsownpower.Asthecontributorsofoneofthemostoutstandingengineeringachievementsinhistory,theWrightbrothersareaccuratelycalledthefathersofaviation.

1.Theideaofflyinganaircraftwas（

）tosomepeople.

2.SomepeoplethoughtthattheWrightbrothershad（

）.

3.TheWrights’interestinflightgrewintoa（

）.

4.Lilienthal’sideaaboutcontrollingairbornevehicleswas

（

）

theWrights.

5.Theoldtableswere（

）andreplacedbythefirstreliablefiguresforairpressureoncurvedsurfaces.

问题1选项

A.boring

B.distasteful

C.exciting

D.needless

E.answernotavailable

问题2选项

A.actedwithoutthinking

B.beennegativelyinfluenced

C.beentoocautious

D.beenmistaken

E.actedinanegativeway

问题3选项

A.financialempire

B.plan

C.needtoact

D.foolishthought

E.answernotavailable

问题4选项

A.provenwrongby

B.oppositetotheideasof

C.dislikedby

D.acceptedby

E.improvedby

问题5选项

A.destroyed

B.invalidated

C.multiplied

D.approved

E.notused

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据文章第一段中“Theideaofflyinganaircraftwasrepulsivetosomepeople.”可知驾驶飞机的想法令一些人反感。因此B选项“使人不愉快的，令人反感的”符合题意。A选项“无聊的”；C选项“令人兴奋的”；D选项“不必要的”：E选项“没有答案”。

2.细节事实题。根据文章第一段中“SuchpeoplecalledWilburandOrvilleWright,theinventorsofthefirstflyingmachine,impulsivefools.”这类人称最早的飞机发明人莱特兄弟是冲动的傻瓜，可知一些人认为莱特兄弟做事冲动，不经思考，因此A选项正确。

3.细节事实题。根据文章第二段中“thebrothers’interestinflightgrewintoacompulsion.”莱特兄弟对飞行的兴趣发展成一种强迫行为，因此C选项符合题意。

4.细节事实题。根据文章第三段中“ThisideawasrepellenttotheWrightbrothers”这种想法对莱特兄弟而言是令人反感的，可知这种想法不被莱特兄弟喜欢，因此C选项符合题意。

5.细节事实题。根据文章第四段中“theoldtableswererepealedintimeandreplacedbythefirstreliablefiguresforairpressureoncurvedsurfaces.”旧表被及时废除，取而代之的是第一个可靠的曲面气压数据，因此B选项“使无效，失效”符合题意。

28.单选题

SeveralofAsianprofessorswhospokeattheconferenceexpressedtheirsupportfortheideaofholdingaspecialmeetinginPerthtofacilitatemultinational